11-06-1959 - E-Research

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* YOUR INCOME TAX *SINCE1933 J E. MARQUAFEDERAL TAX CONSULTANT AND R?ALTORMIAMI REAL ESTATE MARTPHONE PL 9-0563—ALAMO CATERERS—SPECIALIZING IN HOME AND COMMERCIAL CATERING•k HORS B'OEUVRES $5.00 ppr 100 COMPUTE MENUS-k TEA SANDWICHES $1.00 per Dz. ON REQUEST9715 N.E. 2nd Avenue — PL 7-6031 or PL 1-4835THE ELWOOD G.BAIRDFUNERALHOME2605 W. Broward Blvd.Fort Lauderdale, Fla.PHONE LU 1-3310New . . . spacious . . . beautifullyappointed and designed toprovide the utmost in restfulprivacy. Your wishes get painstakingattention; considerationand courtesy are paramount. Alovely chapel is at your disposal.Elwood G. Baird,funeral director,offers excellenttraining and yearsof experience inseveral of SouthFlorida's finest funeralhomes.BLOCKS & BUILDING MATERIALACME CONCRETEJModern Redi-Mix PlantsJin:DADE,BROWARDANDPALMBEACHCOUNTIESHome Office5500 N.W. 37 AVE. - HIALEAH, FLA..NEW CARTheology for EverymanHow Far May One Go To DefendPersonal Life, Honor Or Chastity?It is quite generally admittedthat a person may defend himselfagainst an unjust aggressor.It is likewise generally admittedthat the means used in resistingunjust attack may be in proportionto the seriousness of theattack and to the value of thepersonal advantage or rightwhich is endangered by the attack.The conclusions derived bytheologians from these generalprinciples differ only in slightdetails; but there is considerablevariation from one theologian toanother in the manner in whichthese conclusions are reached.It will be interesting * therefore,to examine the theologicalThis article was preparedby St. John's Seminary,Brighton, Mass., and iscondensed jrom "ThePilot."approaches to the questions proposed,and to learn how theteachings of theology in thismatter attempt to balance thesacredness of the bodily life ofeven an unjust aggressor, withthe right of his victim to safeguardhis personal integrity.Right ForfeitedOne group of theologiansstarts from the assumption thata person's own life is juridicallypreferable to the right tolife of another who attacks himunjustly. Hence, it is concluded,when an unjust attack endangerseither a person's life, orsome other advantage which isof essential importance in theconservation of his life, the rightto life of the unjust aggressormust be regarded as having beenforfeited.In such a case, it is argued,it will be morally allowableto attack the life ofthe unjust aggressor even directly.Since God is the authorof human life, God cantake away any person's rightto life, and He may be presumedto do so when a personunjustly and seriously attacksthe rights of another.It is understood, of course,that the rights which are unjustlyattacked must be safeguardedwith a minimum 6fdanger to the aggressor. It willbe morally wrong to endangerthe life of an unjust aggressorwhen some less violent meansof resisting will be equally effective.Another group of theologiansapproaches the problem fromthe point of view of the well• A person may defend himself against an unjust aggressor,using means proportional to the seriousness of the attack orto the personal right which is endangered. Some theologianssimply state that a person forfeits the right to his life wheneverhe attacks another unjustly. Others approach the problemthrough the principle of "the double effect.'• The double effect involves two motives. Since it is wrong tokill, one may not intend to take the life of the aggressor, nomatter what he does. However, one may defend against theaggressor, even if the defense involves taking the aggressor'slife, for the death of the aggressor is not directly intended,but is a secondary motive.• In a case of attempted rape, a woman may defend her purityby means which would lead to the death of her attacker., sincethe woman is protecting a value generally recognized as equalto the preservation of life. However, the extreme means ofdefense allowable in case of rape does not apply to lesserattacks on purity. Nor may the victim of a rape kill heraggressor afterwards for such an act is sheer vengeance.known principle of the double effect.A person whose life or personaladvantage meets unjustattack may not, according tothis opinion, directly intend thekilling of his aggressor as ameans of repelling the unjustattack. He may, nevertheless,to the extent that may be necessary,make use of means of defensewhich can be directed primarilytowards warding off theunjust aggression, even thoughhe foresees that the death of hisaggressor may follow secondarilyand indirectly upon his actof defense.The latter approach obviouslyemphasizes the sacrednessof human life by placingit beyond direct attackeven in the case of an unjustaggressor. Practically, however,it leads to the same conclusionas does the first approach.An unjust aggressormay be attacked; all willagree to this.All are agreed, moreover,that the attack must not behomicidal in the mind of theone who makes it; it must notbe motivated by desire for revenge,and it must be in actualrelation to an act of unjust aggression,not as punishment foran act of aggression alreadycommitted. Whether an actwhich endangers the life of anotheris directly or indirectlyhomicidal is difficult to deter-In Self-DefenseA given act of self-defensewhich results in loss of lifewould be regarded as a directact of killing if its homicidal effectwere directly intended. Inthis case the evil effect becomesunited with its cause in themind of the agent. If the evilAlbert G.lOHFREYELECTRICALCONTRACTOR1222 OMAR ROAD. WEST PALM BEACHTE S-BI48 or TE 2 8735 (home)effect is not intended in itself,however, it can be consideredin relation to the good effect,that of saving - the life of theone who is unjustly attacked.Both effects follow from thesame cause; the evil effectmay be willed in its causewhen the good effect, willeddirectly and for itself, is ofproportionately serious importance.In relation to these principlesit should be noted first of allthat defense against an unjustaggressor is morally allowable,but that on the other hand, it isnot, as a general rule, morallyobligatory.Humanly RepulsiveThe actof killing is unnaturaland humanly repulsive. Evenwhen there is question of an unjustattack, a person is notmorally bound to defend himselfby violent means unless his life,or his personal integrity is importantfor his dependents, orfor the community as a whole,as in the case of a parent, ahusband or a wife, a bishop ora priest. Such persons mighthave an obligation of charity toresort to violent means to protectthemselves against unjustattack.Again, those who are boundby their official position toprotect the lives of others areheld in justice as well as incharity to take the necessarymeans of defending theircharges against unjust attack.It should be noted likewisethat an aggressor may be attackedonly when his aggressionis unjust. A police officer, inthe discharge of his duty, forexample, could not be called anunjust aggressor.Special CasesOn the other hand, it is notnecessary that the act of aggressionbe formally unjust. Itis enough that it have the appearanceof a sinfully unjustact, even though, for lack ofadvertence and consent, the onewho performs it cannot be heldguilty of sin in the eyes of God.Thus the attack of a madman,or of a person under theinfluence of liquor may bewarded off, even at the risk ofendangering the life of the aggressor,if no other means ofsaving one's own life will- beeffective.Chastity InvolvedHow do these principles applyto the case of the younggirl who defended her purity byusing a knife on the person whoattacked her?• It is the common teachingof theologians that a womanwho is subjected to a serioussexual attack may, if necessary,defend herself by meanswhich may lead to the deathof her aggressor.For a woman, freedom fromsexual assault is a value essentiallyrelated with the normalfunctioning of life itself. Moreover,the preservation of chastityhas a value for the communitywhich is generally recognizedas equal to that of thepreservation of bodily life.A woman who is violently attackedcommits no sin unlessshe consents to the evil whichis inflicted on her and freelyadmits the experience of sensualpleasure which the act involves.Very few women couldsubmit to violent attack withoutplacing themselves in danger ofcommitting sin in this way.Defense against attack thuswould become a means ofavoiding a proximate occasionof serious sin. Since the occasion,by hypothesis, wouldbe placed before her unjustly,she would be justified in preferringher virtuous conditionto the life of her aggressor asa value of a higher order.Moreover, a woman who israped is subjected to the possiblehumiliation of extramaritalpregnancy. Even her bodilylife may be imperiled, so frequentis the association of sadisticcruelty with the crime ofrape.Sinful MaliceAgain, a woman who is rapedis exposed to the danger of lossof reputation in the minds ofthose who might not understandthe circumstances inwhich she has been attacked,and might thus be led to surjnisethat she had been involvedherself in the sinful malice ofthe violation of chastity whichshe has endured. /For all these reasons theologiansare generally agreedthat an attack on a woman'spurity may be defended, noless than an attack on herbodily life, by means which -may lead to the death of herunjust aggressor.Some theologians, consideringabstractly the merely materialloss of personal integrity whicha woman sustains in the crimeof rape, have made the point 'that this injury cannot be comparedwith the value of a humanlife. Even these would admit,however, that a womanunder attack can make use ofviolent means of defending herselfif she cannot repel the attackin any other way.Page 26 THE VMGE.\ November
THE VOICELEGION OF DECENCYFILM RATINGSA 1—FILMS MORALLY UNOBJECTIONABLE FORGENERAL PATRONAGEHell's 5 HoursHerculesHorse SoldiersHound Dog ManI'U Give My LifeIn Between AgeAcross the BridgeAHas Jesse JamesBattle FlameBattle of Coral SeaBeast of BudapestBig BeatBig CircusBig FishermanBlack OrchidBuccaneerBuchanan Rides AloneCast A Long ShadowCosmic ManCrash LandingDangerous ExileDay to RememberDiamond SafariDiary of Anne Frank"•"mbezzled Heavennemy from Space-scape from TerrorFace in the NightFBI StoryFive PenniesFace of FireFlaming FrontierFor The First TimeFrom the Earth tothe Moon3host of theChina SeaGood Day for aHanging3iant From theUnknownGift of LoveGolden Age of ComedyGreen MansionsHandle With CareHey Boy. Hey GirlAlligator PeopleAmazing Colossal Man.Appointment With aShadowAstounding SheMonsterAwakening BatBlack TentBlack TideBorn To Be LovedBullwhlpBut Not for Mo*st A Dark Shadowirist in Bronzeity After MidnightCity of FearCosmic MonsterCrawling EyeCurse of the DemonCurse of the FacelessManCurse of the UndeadDangerous YouthDate With DisasterDay of FuryEnchanted IslandEscapadeEye WitnessFace of a FugitiveFearmakersFirst Man Into SpaceFlame BarrierFloods of FearFour Ways OutFour-O ManFrom Hell It CameGhost of DragstripHollowGiant BehemothGigantusGun FeverGunsmoke In TucsonHangmanAdultressAge of InfidelityAnother Time, AnotherPlaceAsk Any GirlBack To The WallBest Of EverythingBig OperatorBlue DenimBoujour TristesseCareerCat on a Hot Tin RoofCompulsionCount Your BlessingsCranes are FlyingCrimson KimonoCry TerrorDay of the OutlawDefiant OnesDesire Under the ElmsDiary of a High SchoolBrideDon't Give Up TheShipFour Skulls of JonathanDrakeGidgetGiii • Going SteadyInvisible BoyInvisible InvadersIsle of Lost WomenIt Happened To JaneJacquelineJohn Paul JonesJuke Box RhythmLast Angry ManLibelLittle SavageLet's RockLone Ranger and theLost City of GoldLost MissileLourdes and ItsMiraclesMiracle of HillsMissouri TravelerMole PeopleMonster That Challengesthe WorldMouse That RoaredMysteriansMiracle of the HillsMy UncleNine Lives1,001 Arabian NightsOperation MadballParis HolidayPersuaderPeacemaker ThePower Among MenPrivate's AffairRide LonesomeA It—MORALLY UNOBJECTIONABLE FORADOLESCENTS AND ADULTSHit And RunHole In The HeadHoliday For LoversHot AngelHot Rod RumbleHound Of TheBaskervillesHouse On HauntedHillImitation GeneralJohnny TroubleJourney To FreedomJoy RideKill Her GentlyKings Go ForthKiller On The WallLast HurrahLast TrainFrom Gun HillLegend Of Tom DooleyLineupLiving IdolMacabreMan In The NetMan Who Died TwiceMiracleMummyNo Place To HideNo Where To GoNun's Story, TheOnce Upon A HorseOver-ExposedParty CrashersPassport To TreasonPaths Of GloryPier 5, HavanaPorgy And BessPrice Of FearRabbit TrapRebel In TownReturn Of DraculaReturn Of The FlyRevolt In The BighouseSafecrackerRide Out for RevengeSad HorseSaga of Hemp BrownShaggy Dog, TheSilent EnemySlaves of CarthageSleeping BeautySnow FireSon of Robin HoodSpace ChildrenSpy in the SkyStorm RiderStreet of DarknessSubmarine SeahawkTarzan, The Ape ManThirty Foot Bride olCandy RockThundering Jet3The LockThird Man on theMountainTonkaToughest Man AliveTrial at the VaticanUnderfireUnderwaterUnearthlyUp in SmokeUn vanquishedWarriorUp PeriscopeWarrior & Slave GirlWatusiWestboundWhite WildernessWild HeritageWindjammerWorld Was His Jur?-World Without EndWrong ManYoung LandSaddle The WindSay One For MeScapegoatScreaming SkullShadow Of FearShake Hands WithThe DevilSheriff Of Fractured. JawSinnerSo Lovely—So DeadlyStep Down To TerrorStranger At My DoorStranger In My ArmsSurrender HellTamangoTarzan's GreatestAdventureTeenage Bad GirlTeenage CavemanTeenager from.Outer SpaceTen Seconds To HellThunder In The SunThing That Couldn'tDieTrapVampireVerbotenViking Women AndThe Sea SerpentVirtuous BigamistWarlockWar Of The ColossalBeastWar Of The SatellitesWhen Hell BrokeLooseWild & The InnocentWink Of An EyeWoman EaterWoman ObsessedYoung And DangerousYoung Don't CryA 111—MORALLY UNOBJECTIONABLE FOR ADULTSGun RunnersHe Who Must DieHell's HighwayHigh Cost of LovingHorror of DraculaHot SpellI Want to LiveImitation of LifeIn Love and WarAttack of 50 FootWomanD ack from the Deadck Whipnd in Bondageood of DraculaBlood of VampireBlue AngelBorn RecklessBride and the BeastBride is Much TooBeautiful *Bucket of BloodDragstrip GirlDragstrip RiotCalypso Heat WaveCheckpointConfessions of FelixKrullConquest of SpaceDaddy-ODaughter of Dr.JekyllDevil's GeneralDevil's HairpinDiaboliqueDon't Go Near theWaterEdge of Fury10 i ghth Day ofThe Week18 and AnxiousFarewell to ArmsVi\e Gates to HellFlesh and the SpurForbidden IslandFour Boys and a. GunFrankenstein'sDaughterGirl's Towni of Grass.csh Is WeakFruits of SummerGame of LoveHeroes and SinnersI Am a CameraLady Chatterley'sLoverLiane Jungle GoddessLove is My ProfessionJay HawkersJonasJourneyLife Begins at 17Lonely HeartsLook Back in AngerMagicianMan Who UnderstoodWomenMating GameMe and the ColonelMirror Has Two FactsNaked EarthNever Steal An- thingSmallNo Name on the BulletNorth by NorthwestNotorious Mr. MonksOdds Against TomorrowOf Life and LoveOn The BeochOperation DamesPagansParatroop CommandPillow TalkRebel SetRio BravoRoots of HeavenSapphireRx MurderSeventh SealSound and the FurySpeed CrazyStage StruckStrange Case of Dr.ManningTank CommandosThat Kind of WomanThis Earth is MineTouch of EvilWeb of EvidenceWild is the WindWild StrawberriesWitches of SalemWonderful CountryYesterday's EnemyYoung PhiladelDhiansB—MORALLY OBJECTIONABLE IN PART FOg ALLHeadless GhostHorrors of theBlack MuseumHot Car GirlHot Rod GangHigh HellHouse on TheWaterfrontHouston StoryI, MobsterInside The MafiaIt Started With a KissI Was a TeenageWerewolfIndestructible ManJet AttackJuvenile JungleKilling, TheKiss Them For MeLa ParisienneLast MileLast ParadiseLand of DestinyLeft-Handed GunLive Fast, Die YoungLove Slaves of the •AmazonLoving YouMan in the ShadowMan of the WestMan on the ProwlMissile to the MoonMiddld of the NightNaked AfricaNaked DawnNaked ParadiseNight of.the QuarterMoonNightmare,No Time to Be YoungCONDEMNEDMademoiselle StripTeaseMaid in ParisMiller's BeautifulWifeMitsouMam'zelle PigalleNaked NightNanaPassionate SummerSEPARATE CLASSIFICATION**Anatomy of Murder ** * *Of Love and LustPoor But BeautifulQueen of Outer SpaceQuiet GunRaw EdgeRazziaReform School GirlRiot in JuvenilePrisonRock Pretty BabyRoom At The TopRoom 43Sign of the GladiatorSolomon & ShebaSlave, TheSome Came RunningSome Like It HotSummer PlaceStowaway GirlStrange OneSubway in the SkyTank BattalionTake A Giant StepTeen-Age DollTeen-Age RebelTeenage WolfpackTerror in the NightThis Angry AgeToo Bad She's BadToo Young for LoveTown on TrialUntamed YouthValue for MoneyWayward GirlWhat Price MurderWicked as They ComeWild PartyWomen Are WeakYoung and WildPot 3owlieQuestion of AdulteryRosannaNight Heaven FellSins of the BorgiasShow Is BlackStellaThird SexWomen of RomeYoung and Damned(Please clip and sore this list. It will be published periodically.)HOLLYWOOD IN FOCUSMovies Disappoint HousewifeBy WILLIAM H. MOORING"What has happened to adventurein the Hollywood movies?,"asks a Chicago housewife.She "used to go to ashow twice a week, regularly."Sh'e (and I guess a few millionothers) would "go still if thefilms were exhilarating insteadof depressing."Among a long string of colorfuland commercially successfulold adventure films,the lady dilates on "Mutinyon the Bounty," MGM's 1935epic which starred CharlesLaughton, Clarke Gable andFranchot Tone. This, whichshe remembers seeing as "amere child," is "just the kindof thing we need more ofright now." As "the mother ofsix," she "can find hardlyanything emotionally, morallyand dramatically suitable forthe children or their parents.""We are healthy-minded andfairly happy people," she explains. . . "neither stupid norwhat you'd call intellectuals.Our idea of art is somethingbeautiful like men strugglingthrough storm at sea."TROUBLES PERSISTI can easily agree they'vebeen having a thin time thepast year or two. I wouldn'tsay their-troubles are over. Itis just possible, however, that acouple of new adventure moviesI previewed in Hollywood thisweek, may give a new spurt toadventure as an end in itself.I hope so because I too, amworn to a frazzle by depressring plays which pose problemsthey make no attempt to solve.The old movie spirit of highadventure on land and sea -isrevived refreshingly if temporarily,in MGM's new GaryCooper - Charlton Heston seafilm, "The Wreck of the MaryDeare" and in an upcoming Columbiarelease, "Edge of Eternity,"which has Cornel Wilde. and Mickey Shaughnessy fightingout the most gorgeouslyphotographed finish, while danglingin a "bucket" strung highover the Grand Canyon!'Biblical' MoviesSaid To Lack ArtCHICAGO (NO — Protestantshave been urged to exert an influenceon Hollywood by withholdingsupport from "anti-BiblicalBiblical extravaganzas."The urging came from -theChristian Century magazinewhich pointed up editorially that"Protestant churches in recentyears have become the unwittingand gullible promoters ofsome of Hollywood's worst movies."Protestants have been sendingfamilies, Sunday schoolclasses and youth groups to"the least artistic and least edifyingexamples of film fare"through free publicity given inchurch periodicals and bulletins,the magazine asserted."Protestants need not subsidizethese vulgar efforts to usethe Bible against itself," itadded.Sisters representative of religious orders in the Diocese of Miamiwere guests of Florida State Theaters for a special privateshowing of the new motion picture "The Big Fisherman."Both films include murderand mayhem. Both have morethan a touch of violence too.But they put adventurous actionbefore the violence itselfand leave aside any deep socialcause or political argumentation.Yet they are not strictly"escapist" fare.'SOLOMON' JUDGED"Solomon and Sheba," spectaclefilm into which Yul Brynnerstepped when Tyrone Powerdied, has drawn Legion of Decencyobjections. As "a completelyfictional account of agreat personage of the Old Testament,it attempts, under theguise of religious drama, to tella story of spiritual regeneration,but resorts to excessivesensuality in costuming, dancingand situations". The Legionadds that "as entertainment beingmarketed particularly forthe Christmas season, it seriouslyoffends Judaeo-Christianconcepts of modesty and decency."Currently Cecil B. de Mille's"Samson and Delilah", made liyears ago with Victor Maturethe very best inand Hedy Lamarr in the nameroles, is being widely replayed.The ads proclaim it "a staggeringstory of strength — and seduction."There is emphasis «nthe seduction, which de MiHetold me he was going to playdown. Actually he succeeded althoughwhen the film was finishedhe admitted it "was notthe best" of his spectaculars. Itis true that de Mille exploredthe theme of regenerationthrough welters of sex and sin.This was apparent even in "TheTen Commandments", as somecritics pointed out, but therewas at least a constructive reasonto show moral decay.'BEN HUR' COMINGFortunately MGM's imminent,15-million-dollar version of "BenHur" which might have developedover-emphasis on sexenslavement, has built genuinespiritual values instead. Iam hot yet to review "Ben,Hur" but I can assure you thatit is deeply moving, especially inthe grand sequences which describethe Way of the Cross andthe Crucifixion. "Ben Hur's"success, which seems almostcertain, may give other Hollywoodproducers a fresh andmore honest slant on biblicalspectacle.YOUan buy that new1960 CAR!SUREviii can arrange aUSEDOR NEWAUTO LOANjust phoneWI 7-0691Air. Robinsonor Mr. CandlerLoan DepartmentMember: Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationNEW ENGLAND OYSTER HOUSESQUALITY SEAFOODSW ENGLANd 0YSe|0USENEW ENGLANilAWLOFFLER BROTHERSOPEN EVERY DAYHOUS|^FgOM MAINE TO THE FLORIDA KEYSKi' ! .' ;: FORT LAUDERj>Ai;EH;?0 S.W.,24th STREET MA 4-72230tr DANIA BCH. BLVD. AIA ijVA 3-4164*' i>->•>•: NORTH;' MlAMf""'" '-.f\2iV BISCAYNEBLVDi PL 4-1511B :^'X'- : CORAL GABLES V 'ti|P ALHAMBRA CIRCLE HI;6:1TQ4MM te'v ; PERRINE ^M;.; 'lfi6l:lf SO. FEDERAL HWY. J CE ? 5>570l| COMPLETELY AIR CONDmONEp; ;lAMERICAN EXPRESS and HILTON CARTE BLANCHE Cards Honored, Fttt. THE VOICE Page It
Page 1 and 2: THE VOICEP.O. Box 52-684, Miami 52,
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