Process systems brochure - Aker Solutions

Processing solutionspart of Aker

Gullfaks A. Photo: Øyvind Hagen, StatoilCompetence and experienceAker Solutions' size and diversitymeans that we are able to offer ourcustomers a fully integrated approachto flow assurance. Through cooperationbetween our specialised subunits,we have access to the competenciesand resources needed for virtuallyany given project.The company’s combined approachwill address today’s challenges;longer distance tiebacks, deeperwaters and oil companies' expectationsof contractors' proficiencies alongthe entire value chain, from well tothe processed export ready product.TechnologyAker Solutions is among the leadingcompanies developing and installingstate of the art processing systemsfor the oil and gas industry onshoreas well as offshore. The CECCompact Electrostatic Coalescerrepresents the latest technology toeffectively remove water, topside aswell as subsea. We have alsodeveloped effective Cyclonic SandHandling Systems in order to removesand and solids from oil, gas andwater. Topside, Aker Solutions hasthe CySep Compact CyclonicSeparation skid among our weaponsin the flow assurance arsenal.This technology is a great solution forexisting installations to get rid of waterproduction through the use of small,lightweight equipment. As for subseainstallations, proven topside technologycan be "marinised", therebyreducing both development andoperating costs.Environmental focusThe zero discharge philosophyrepresents an important measurefor minimising discharges to the seaand air from petroleum activities.The offshore operators havedeveloped a strategy for zeroenvironmentally harmful dischargesfrom their fields. Aker Solutions hastechnology for produced water treatment,sand handling and VOC recovery,which successfully meets therequirements of both operators andofficial authorities.5

As pure as possibleAker Solutions’ separation solutions are designed usingtechnology developed within the group over years of operationalexperience throughout the world.As a result, we have thein-house knowledge to customise designs to suit any particularrequirement. We are able to supply complete, integrated systemsthat provide high levels of performance through a wide range ofoperating conditions.We have 25 years experience in providingproprietary process internals fortwo and three phase gravity separatorsand gas scrubbers. Each set ofinternals is individually designed tomeet the specified process conditionssupported by a process guarantee.Our goal is increased oil recovery,simply as pure oil and gas aspossible, ensuring more value formoney.Compact and effectiveOur time tested G-Sep CCDCompact Cyclonic Degasser andour CEC Compact ElectrostaticCoalescer offer compact separationequipment when space and weightconstraints are an issue. These systemsare ideal choices for debottleneckingand modifying existingseparator trains with minimumimpact on existing installations.Photo: Marit Hommedal, Statoil6Photo: Terje S. Knudsen, Hydro

SeparatorsFor oil to meet the required exportsales specification, it must first beseparated from its two regular reservoircompanions, i.e., gas and water.The operation is normally achieved intwo or three successive stages in thelarge pressure vessels, employinggravity as the driving force toseparate the fluids by virtue oftheir different densities.CoalescersCoalescers enhance the performanceof liquid/liquid separators by increasingthe dispersed phase drop size. Theincreased droplet size results in animproved settling rate. This allows thedispersed phase to be separated inshorter time. For each application,coalescing media is specially designedto take into account the nature of theprocess fluid, any contaminants,maintenance and special installationrequirements.Coalescers are normally equippedwith an internal grid of high voltageelectrodes suspended in watercontaining an oil layer to induce anelectric field. This causes the waterdroplets to attach to one another andthen to coalesce, to form largerdroplets. These in turn promote theirgravity settlement into water phasebelow the oil layer.Compact cyclone technologyOur G-Sep CCD Compact CyclonicDegasser and the CEC CompactElectrostatic Coalescer provide wellproven performance while significantlyreducing space and weightrequirements. These systems areideal choices for debottleneckingand modifying existing separatortrains with minimum impact onexisting installations.7

Coaxing the last drops of waterThe trickiest part of the multistage process procedure comes in the final separationstage, when remaining water in oil concentrations are low and the water dropletsare very small, measured in microns. At this point, waiting for water and oil toseparate under the influence of gravity alone would be too slow, with resultantliquid rePagence times so large that the final separation vessel would be of asize far too impractical for inclusion – particularly on an offshore platform.Compact ElectrostaticCoalescer (CEC) systemOur novel Compact ElectrostaticCoalescer combines efficient separationof water from oil with robust andlightweight design. Key advantagesinclude high separation performance,robustness, flexibility and compactness.Equally important is the easeof maintenance and short equipmentdowntime, with no need for fullproduction shutdown.Principle of operationThis patented CEC technology is asmall lightweight flow-through systemthat greatly enhances the separationperformance of existing downstreamgravity separation equipment.The CEC unit achieves enhancedseparation performance by coalescingemulsified water droplets entrained inthe crude oil into much largerdroplets. The coalescing action takesplace very rapidly under turbulentflow conditions as the emulsion issubjected to an intense electrostaticfield inPage the CEC unit. This unithas been designed to overcome theproblems normally associated withlarge coalescers. The CEC hasbeen through a series of proven trialsboth onshore and offshore, onfloating platforms, and on difficult totreat oils such as heavy crude’s.The outcome is a reliable, robust andvery compact coalescer which iscapable of producing a final export oilof improved quality.Aker Solutions' patented Compact ElectrostaticCoalescer (CEC) system increases oil revenues bycomplete oil dehydration with the use of an electrostaticforce applied inside a compact and robust unit.Benefits• Compact, lightweight and robustsolution with small footprintrequirements• High efficiency separation. Forretrofit applications, the productionthroughput can be increased• Capable of operating at highpressures• Ability to tolerate high watercuts(30–40%) and slugs of up to 100%water for short periods• Suitable for subsea applications, asa separate retrievable module9

When space and weight are limitedThe CySep separation system is a compact, modular cyclonicseparation system consisting of several cyclonic separationcomponents which allows bulk removal of water from wellstreams.In addition, the CySep can perform full three phase separation.The system is ideal for bulk removal of water from water richwellstreams.The CySep system is speciallydesigned for applications wherespace and weight is limited.To improve your produced watermanagement for high watercut wells,the compactness and modularity ofthe CySep system can be of greatbenefit. Several different componentscan be incorporated, depending onspecifications and demands. Byremoving a high amount of the producedwater early in the separation,topside or subsea, the wholedownstream system becomes moreefficient.Benefits• Modular design• Compact, lightweight separationalternative• Motion insensitive, an attractivesolution for FPSOs• Ideal at locations with high watercut• Very attractive for subseainstallation• Weight and space savings allowreduction in CAPEX• Easy to transport and install• Can be integrated into the platformproduction system with minimalimpact on the process• Can be operated in combinationwith both water discharge and waterreinjection• Can incorporate three phasemetering• Can incorporate three phaseseparation• Can incorporate solids separation• Provides flexibility in design10

Breaking down foam formationsFoam often represents a limiting factor in the production ofoil and gas, since it reduces the effective volume available forgas/liquid separation in the primary separators. Aker Solutions'patented inlet gas liquid cyclone, Compact Cyclone Inlet DeviceG-Sep CCI, reduces the tendency of wellstream fluids to foam,thereby allowing the throughput of primary separation vesselsto be increased. Large savings can be obtained in antifoamchemical injections.The G-Sep CCI is custom designedto meet clients' requirements formaximum performance andmechanical robustness.In conventional inlets, a mixingenergy between gas and liquid iscreated which often generates foam.G-Sep CCI separates the liquidand the gas. Liquid is fed into theliquid phase and gas into the gasphase, thus eliminating foamdevelopment.Liquid/Liquid separationThe G-Sep CCI was originallydeveloped in order to separate gasfrom liquid to avoid foam formation.Due to continuous development andimprovement, it now also enhancesliquid/liquid separation. The optimalconfiguration for enhanced separationis to include a perforated baffle platedownstream of the inlet cyclones.The perforated plate creates a moreuniform velocity profile for all phasesinside the separator and it has acoalescing effect.The G-Sep CCI is characterised by its unique tangentialinlet ports, utilising the existing inlet momentumto set up immediate spin. Gas and liquid are immediatelyseparated by the applied G-forces. A patented“gas blockage device” in the lower part of the cyclonehelps prevent the entrance of gas into the liquid outletof the cyclone.The number of cyclone bodies in one inlet device mayvary depending on type of separator (two or threephase) and the operating conditions.Retrofit without “Hot Work”It is an easy task to install The G-Sep CCI inexisting separators. The G-Sep CCI is designedto be fitted through the manway in preassembledportions.11

Gas treatmentRaw natural gas contains water, hydrogen sulphate, carbon dioxide, nitrogenand other compounds. Natural gas processing consists of separatinghydrocarbons and fluids from the pure natural gas, to produce high qualitynatural gas.Major transportation pipelines usuallyimpose restrictions on the make-upof the natural gas that is allowed.This means that before the naturalgas can be transported, it must bepurified.Aker Solutions has 20 years experiencein designing and manufacturinggas processing plants for a broadrange of processes and clients,including both offshore and onshoregas sweetening and dehydration,again including membranes, amineand glycol based systems.Injection of Mono Ethylene Glycol(MEG) to prevent hydrate formationhas become the industry standard forunprocessed gas transport on thesea floor. Removal of water, salts andparticles is crucial to the reliability ofthese systems. In addition to water,oil and solids removal, one of themost important parts of gas treatmentis the removal of sulphur, commonlyreferred to as gas sweetening.We have developed and patented atechnology as a solution to the highsalt content in produced water on theStatoil Åsgard B field installed in2000. A similar sized onshore planthas also been developed for BP fortheir Shah Deniz project in Azerbaijan.The Ormen Lange development involves the mostextensive gas export system to be built so far on theNorwegian continental shelf.12Photo: Øivind Leren.Artwork: KV & FAA, Multiconsult AS

Purifying natural gasAker Solutions is a leading supplier of gasdehydration systems and has a well proventrack record. We offer Glycol Gas DehydrationSystems (TEG) designed to meet high dewpoint depression requirements, and the waterrich glycol stream can be regenerated to highglycol concentrations.Aker Solutions' Glycol GasDehydration System (TEG) is customdesigned for each application, andthe selection of components is basedon the specific criteria under whichthe system will operate. The equipmentis delivered as a turnkeyprocess system.System overviewA typical system consists of thefollowing components:• Gas scrubber• Glycol contactor• Complete regeneration systemFrom the scrubber, the wet gas entersthe bottom of the contactor tower forthe countercurrent contact with theglycol, which absorbs the water fromthe gas. Dehydrated gas is dischargedfrom the top of the tower, while thewater rich glycol is routed to theregeneration process. In the regene-ration process, the glycol is typicallypassed through the still column reflexcondenser, followed by theglycol/glycol heat exchangers, thuspreheating the water rich glycol withhot and dry glycol from the reboiler.After preheating, the water rich glycolpasses through glycol filters.Particulate matter is removed bycartridge filters before removal ofdissolved components in activatedcarbon filters. Any entrained carbon isremoved in a final set of fine cartridgefilters. After filtration, the rich glycolpasses through the still column.The purpose of the still column/refluxcondenser is to recover valuableglycol from vapour leaving the reboiler.A TEG purity above 99,9 wt.% isachieved by applying a stripping gasor by the use of proprietary processes.13

Gas sweeteningWorld wide demand for gas has risen steadily over the last decades.The boom in gas consumption results in the development of natural gasor associated gas fields containing high levels of carbon dioxide andhydrogen sulphate. Up to date technology in sweetening processesmakes those productions feasible by removing contaminants to a levelrequired for use and for transportation.Girassol/Bloc 17, Angola.Photo: Labelle MichelOur sweetening processes are basedon the amine solvents family; they aredesigned, engineered and manufacturedaccording to clients' needs.They can be packaged, skid mountedor stick built.Main features ofthe process are:• Sour components are removed in avertical contactor tower where aminesolution is circulated from top tobottom, while the gas is countercurrent. The internals of thecontactor are either trays orstructured packing• Loaded amine solution is regeneratedby steam stripping at lowpressure. Lean amine is pumpedback to the contactor tower afterdedicated efficient filtration toremove degradation products andheat recovery by exchange withloaded amine• Sour gases are removed atthe top of the regenerationcolumn and either directedto sulphur conversion orincinerationFROMWET GASSEPARATORCOALESCERFROM FUEL GAS SUPPLYDEADiethanolamine was the first generationsolvent used to sweeten gas.It is a secondary amine [HN –(CH 2 -CH 2 -OH) 2 ] that has rapidreaction kinetics with H 2 S as wellas CO 2 . It removes both components.MDEAMethyl-Diethanolamine [H 3 C-N-(CH 2 -CH 2 -OH) 2 ], a tertiary amine,replaced DEA as a solvent forselective desulphurisation process.With the slow kinetics of CO 2absorption, this process selectivelyLEAN AMINECHARCOAL FILTERAMINEABSORBERAMINEFLASH DRUMLEAN AMINEPARTICULATE FILTERSFUEL GAS SWEETENING PACKAGESLEAN AMINE COOLERLEAN/RICH AMINEEXCHANGERLEAN REGENERATIONOVERHEAD CONDENSERREGENERATORAMINEREBOILERand efficiently captures only H 2 S,and requires less energy.Activated MDEAIn this latest generation process, theMDEA is activated with a secondaryamine that accelerates the relationof the CO 2 with the aqueoussolvent. The speed of reaction canbe modulated by the choice ofactivator. This process thus permitseither complete or controlledremoval of CO 2 , for “made tomeasure” sweetening solutions.Licensed processes can be offered.AMINE REFLUX PUMPSAMINEREFLUX DRUMHEATING MEDIUM PUMP ATO FLARE IGNITION PANELSWEET GAS TO FUEL GAS SCRUBBERWASTE GAS TO WASTE GAS KNOCKOUT DRUMMEGMEGHEATING MEDIUMREBOILER AAIRFUEL GAS SUPPLYAIRIn terms of contaminant content,we offer a selection of amine thatcovers the range of performance:AMINE FROM STORAGE DRUMWATER FROM PUMPLEAN AMINECIRCULATION PUMPSSURGE DRUMpH CONTROL &ANTI-CORROSIONCONTROL PACKAGEANTIFOAMPACKAGEHEATING MEDIUM PUMP BFUEL GAS SUPPLYHEATING MEDIUMREBOILER BCLOSEDDRAIN DRUM14

Recovery and purificationof Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG)MEG used for hydrate inhibition in closed looppipelines will gradually become contaminated.Regular replacement or continuous make-upis necessary to avoid excessive scaling andcorrosion in the regeneration and injectionsystems. Dissolved salts from the formationwater, together with scaling and corrosiveproducts from the pipeline are the main causesof these problems.Our proprietary process for recoveryand purification of MEG has provento be a reliable technology for closedloop hydrate inhibition systems.Conventional MEG regenerationsystems that simply boil off waterand flashes/skims off hydrocarbons,will leave all other pollutants toaccumulate in the MEG.Our MEG regeneration and reclamationprocess solves this problemby fully reclaiming the MEG. Allsolids, dissolved salts and chemicalsare removed by evaporating not onlythe water, but also the MEG. Solidsand salts are separated and disposed,and MEG is regenerated tothe required concentration bywater/MEG distillation. This processcan also be applied to a slipstreamoff the MEG loop.Process overviewThe heart of this technology is theflash separator. Inside the separatorvessel, the MEG solution is circulatedand heated to provide energy for theevaporation process. Crystallisedsalts are constantly removed from thecirculated solution and disposed of byreabsorption into the clean producedwater. Before reaching the flashseparator, the feed stream is treatedto remove particles and hydro-The Åsgard MEG Module, ready for transport to platformassembly yard.carbons. After passing through theflash separator, the MEG is regeneratedthrough a distillation process inorder to remove water. The MEG isnow de-watered, cleaned and fullydesalted, ready to be reused as ahydrate inhibitor.15

The ultimate incyclonic efficiencyAker Solutions' Multicyclone Scrubbers remove the smallest ofentrained particles over the widest range of operating flows andpressures by creating a reverse flow cyclonic vortex.Our Multicyclone Scrubbers remove up to 99,9% of particles of8 micron and larger – the ultimate in cyclonic efficiency.Typical Scrubber designsAker Solutions offers a range ofcyclone sizes to give total flexibility inapplication solutions. Each one hasits own unique efficiency curves andliquid handling abilities. The designscan be adapted to:• handle solids or liquids orboth simultaneously• withstand high erosion conditionsthrough the use of special materials,including ceramics and rubber• be installed in either vertical orhorizontal vessels• be fixed or removable to assistmaintenance requirementsThe optimum solutionWe combine the experience gainedfrom hundreds of reference plantswith the use of computational fluiddynamics modelling to achieve thebest layout and partitioning to ensurethe optimum solution.ApplicationsThe Multicyclone Scrubber can beapplied in a variety of configurationsto suit the client’s requirements. Sincethey are robust by design, thecyclones are normally welded into thevessel. Removable designs are alsoavailable if high erosion propertiesare experienced, and for retrofits.Low to medium pressure application.Medium to high pressure application.Low to very high pressure application (200 bar).16

Recovering VolatileOrganic Compounds (VOC)With more than 200 Vapour Recovery Units (VRU) inoperation across the world, Aker Solutions is arecognised market leader and a front runner in technologydevelopment for VOC recovery. Aker Solutionshas developed several specific technology solutionsfor recovery of both gasoline and crude oil vapours inresponse to challenges from major oil companies.Land based gasolinevapour recoveryAker Solutions has several decadesof experience in delivering gasolineVOC recovery technology. Highlyskilled employees design, manufactureand supply turnkey units withshort delivery times, simple and quickinstallation and user-friendly, reliableoperation.With a large and increasing networkof representatives and subsidiariesworld wide, Aker Solutions has astrong international foothold.Carbon Vacuum-regeneratedAdsorption (CVA)The CVA system is the dominatingtechnology for recovery of gasolinevapours and related compounds. Thissystem, which is the most cost efficientsolution for VOC recovery duringloading of gasoline with low to moderateVOC emission properties, hasbeen successfully adopted for morethan 1,200 plants world wide. CVAcombines the assets of a relativelylow investment and maintenancebudget, low utility consumption andexcellent performance in terms ofavailability and regularity. Alternativetechnologies can also be used andour customers are always suppliedwith the latest technology and knowhowin the field of gasoline and crudeoil vapour recovery.Maritime crude oilvapour recoveryAker Solutions has successfullyadapted the CVA technology for usewith crude oil vapours and has deliveredseveral VRUs for offshore applicationsduring recent years.We have alternative solutions forVOC recovery related to crude oilloading onshore and offshore. Thesesolutions are based on either alternativeabsorption systems, carbon bedabsorption systems or combinationsof the two. In addition, we can assistwith development of existinginstallations in connection withvapour control or other terminalinstallations.The principleGasoline or crude oil vapourcollected from the emission sourcespasses through one of two beds filledwith activated carbon. The hydrocarbonmolecules are adsorbed on theenormous carbon surface and the airis vented to the atmosphere. Beforethe carbon filter gets saturated, theflow is shifted to the clean filter in theother bed, and the first bed is regeneratedby means of vacuum. Therecovered product is then recirculatedinto a counter flow of fresh gasolineor crude oil.SafetyOur CVA units are designed and builtwith maximum attention to all levelsof safety. The mineral based activatedcarbon has a high self ignitiontemperature for inherent safety.Vessels and piping are designed towithstand an internal explosion forpassive safety. The advanced controlsystem constantly monitors all importantparameters and shuts down theunit in case of a malfunction for activesafety. In case of temperature excursionsor power failure, the unit willautomatically take up safe position.Aker Solutions has profound knowledgeof vapour collection systems andother adjacent installations. A HAZOPstudy can be supplied with a VRU, orwe may participate in the client’s ownHAZOP.Service & maintenanceOur VOC service department offers arange of extensive world wide aftersales service agreements for all typesof VRUs. Emphasis is put on preventivemaintenance. Most of ourunits are covered by service agreementsensuring required emissioncontrol limits and reducing the risk ofunplanned downtime.17

Sand and solids managementAs oil fields mature, sand production increases proportionally with the produced water.The need to control and manage the solids produced increases, not only due to increasedimpact on the process equipment, but also because of the need for meetingenvironmental regulations.Åsgard B. Photo: Heine Schølberg, StatoilThe market for technology to removeand clean the solids is driven bythree main factors:• Increasing oil production andmaximising long term profitability ofthe field by controlling the producedsand and solids and meetingenvironmental standards andrequirements• Decrease operational cost byremoving solids to reduce impacton process equipment• Decrease operational cost byautomatically handling theproduced solidsSand handlingEffective, safe and environmentallyfriendly sand control, sand removaland disposal (or reinjection) is ofmajor importance to the oil and gasindustry. Choosing and managing theright solids handling system is crucialin order to reduce the build-up ofsand and solids. A proper strategy forsand handling must be established tohandle the related problems:• Erosion – wear away of piping,valves, deoilers, etc.• Corrosion – sand createscorrosion zones• Accumulation – sand fills vessel,reducing retention time andseparation efficiency19

• Interference – sand may reduceregularity and reliability of instrumentationand equipment• Challenging pollutional requirements– sand removed from theprocess contains oil and must betreated on site or transported asspecial wasteSand handling systemsAker Solutions provides complete,well proven solids handling systemsfor almost any oil and gas facility.Our sand handling equipment can bedelivered in two models: standardsolution or custom fitted to yourspecifications. Both of these can bedelivered as a completely automatedor manually operated system.Sand Jetting SystemAker Solutions can provide their ownwell proven and efficient sand pansystem or conventional jetting systemto remove the solids from the gravityseparator. The sand pan systemremoves the solids quickly andefficiently with only a small amountof flush water, thus avoiding interferingwith the separation process inthe vessel.Our sand jetting system may be usedin conjunction with the sand dump systemto assist in washing the sedimenttowards the sand pans, thus increasingthe effective area of influence.SeparationThe purpose of separation is to divertthe solids and liquids contained ina mixed slurry stream to differentlocations, to protect downstreamequipment. This can be accomplishedby our Desanders, which can besituated in the multiphase, oil,produced water and/or sand jettingstreams.can be as simple as an automatedaccumulator vessel in combinationwith the desander cyclone or a dedicatedsump tank.TransportationThe solids can be transported in eithercake or slurry form. The design of thehaulage system will be dependentupon location (on or offshore) anddisposal requirements (i.e. wellinjection, overboard discharge,landfill, etc.). Aker Solutions deliversa well proven patented flushing andtransport system to remove the solidsfrom the collection vessel to whereverrequired and with desired solidsconcentration, in a controlled manner.Aker Solutions emphasises the nonuseof rotating equipment in slurryservice to increase the total lifetime ofthe system.CleaningCollected solids can be cleaned toremove adsorbed contaminants andchemicals in order to comply withenvironmental and disposalregulations. Our sand cleaning system,employed as modular add-oncomponents, uses hydrocycloneattrition scrubbing to clean the sand.20CollectionAll separated solids must be gatheredinto one central location. Collection

Water injectionAker Solutions provides complete water injectionsystems, including sea water filtration, deaerationand sulphate reduction.In offshore operations, the reservoirinjection of sea water and producedwater are common operations to stimulateand increase the wellstream.This method increases oil recoveryfrom mature fields as well as scaleand souring prone reservoirs.The main challenges are to deaeratethe sea water, filtrate impurities andreduce the sulphate contents in theraw sea water, to which AkerSolutions offers well proven solutions.Picture courtesy of Petrobras21

Controlling souring andscaling effectsSea water deaeration, filtration and sulphate reduction are all necessary to controlscaling and souring effects. Aker Solutions provides complete systems for secure andefficient water injection.We provide a unique process forsulphate reduction from injectionwater by using nanofiltration separationtechnology to control scalingand souring effects. The primaryapplication of the technology is scalecontrol in high barium/strontium waterinjection applications. Secondaryapplications include souring control,reducing sulphate contents andthereby the feedstock of sulphatesreducing bacteria in the sea water.Water Injection SystemA higher quality injection water devoidof sulphates and other particulatematter provides cost savings by:• avoiding plugging of injection wells• avoiding squeeze treatments andwell workovers• avoiding potentional souring ofreservoirRaw sea water passes throughcoarse and fine filters, fuel gas orvacuum deaerator, cartridge filtersand, finally, through the SulphateReduction Unit (SRU).Typical facility consists of:• Pretreatment• Deaeration (upstream ordownstream of the SRU)• Sulphate Removal Unit(SRU)/nanofiltration• Injection systems• Chemical injection package• Other required utility systems22

Sea water sulphatereduction systemsThe sulphate reduction process selectively removes sulphateions from sea water while allowing sodium and chloride to remainin the injection water. This process is based on nanofiltrationseparation technology, using FILMTECSR90 membranes.Aker Solutions designs and deliverssystem packages for sea watersulphate reduction. Sulphate reductionplants are normally supplied asturnkey sea water injection systems,including facilities for pretreatment(filtration and deaeration), pumps,membrane racks, membrane cleaningsystems, utilities, interconnectingpiping, valves, controls and highpressure injection pumps.Principle of operationThe process is based on nanofiltrationseparation technology, usingsome of the chemistry and productdesign of the thin film compositemembranes that were originallydeveloped for reverse osmosis membranesused in sea water desalination.The membrane stops and rejects thesulphate off its surface while allowingsodium and chloride to pass throughas permeate. To maximise the membranearea per module, membranesare constructed in a spiral woundconfiguration. A major advantage isenhanced self-cleaning due to turbulentflow at the membrane surface,significantly reducing fouling, enhancingprocess performance and membranelife.ReferencesAker Solutions has extensive experiencein water injection systems andsulphate reduction units.Picture courtesy of DOW23

Service and supportAker Solutions provides installation and service support in connectionwith development, installation and operation of oil and gas fields onshoreand offshore.Aker Solutions’ process systems businessunit offers a wide range of worldwide after sales service agreements.We provide specialist around theclock service for your globaloperations, to make your installationsrun with optimal performance.Typically, a service agreement ismade to fit the customer's individualneeds. We make extensive use ofremote control system technology inorder to provide services such as onlinesupervision, diagnostics and problemsolving.By consulting and engaging us, youwill get full service with emphasis onpreventive maintenance.With the long experience gained frommany challenging installations and fora variety of technologies, you as ourcustomer can rely on the work andservice we perform. By combining thecompetence and expertise from thelocations and cultures, we are able togive you a first class solution to anyproblem occurring.Our extensive global network includesoffices in the UK, France,Denmark, Canada, Brazil, Thailand,Norway and Australia, providing anunsurpassed global reach, whichenables us to provide local follow-upof projects throughout the world.We provide the following:• Commissioning• Inspections• Regularly scheduled maintenance(preventive maintenance)• Spare parts• Long term service/supervision• Testing on site/laboratory• TrainingUK, AberdeenNorway, Oslo HQDenmark, CopenhagenCanada, CalgaryFrance, ParisBrazil, RioAustralia, PerthThailand,Bangkok, Rayong24

ManufacturinglocationsAker Solutions’ extensive global networkincludes facilities in Europe, America,Africa and Asia:• Aker Solutions Brazil facility, Macaé• Aker Solutions Angola facility, Luanda• Aker Solutions Malaysia facility, Kuala Lumpur• Aker Solutions Thailand facility, RayongMalaysiaAker Solutions process systemsbusiness unit has full use of AkerSolutions' service & support facility inPort Klang, Malaysia.By combining the internal resourceswe strengthen our ability to executeexisting and future projects in thisregion.BrazilTo be able to best serve our customers,not only during project executionin Brazil, but also during the wholelifecycle, the Aker Solutions Brazilfacility in Macaé has been established.ThailandAker Solutions has both production,sales and service on VOC recoverysolutions in Rayong and Bangkok,Thailand. This facility covers SouthEast Asia, a rapidly growing marketfor environmental technology.CanadaOur manufacturing facility in Calgary,with 60,000 square feet of coveredand heated manufacturing space,engages the services of approxima-tely 80 tradespeople and complementsthe sales, estimating, engineering,drafting and purchasing servicesprovided at our main Calgary office.AngolaThe Aker Solutions Angola facility islocated in Luanda, an area where allthe major international oil companiesand related industries are represented.This facility offers not only the latestequipment, but also the possibility forexpansion, allowing us to grow tomeet the ever increasing demand forservice and support in the region.Aker Solutions Brazil ServicesRio das Ostras/MacaéAker Solutions manufacturing Center in MalaysiaPort Klang Free Zone 1.1.2007• 500 employees, skilled workers• 100,000 sqm can be extended to 160,000 sqm• Cost competitive fabrication25

Zero harm to peopleand the environment“In Aker Solutions concern for health, safety and the environment is acore value. This HSE Mindset is founded on the belief that all incidentscan be prevented, and is the key to the group’s work within health, safety,and environment.”In Aker Solutions, we strive for zeroharm to people and the environment.The Just Care program has developeda 24 hour, seven days a weekattitude and culture that works withpersonal commitment across theentire organisation.In Aker Solutions we work systematicallyto ensure continual improvementin our HSE culture, mindset andperformance.We focus on employee health andare continuously improving the workenvironment.We design products and services tohave no undue environmental impact,to be safe and to be efficient in consumingenergy and natural resources.We seek to ensure that our productscan be recycled or disposed of safely.26

At your service!24 7SERVICETel +47 67 83 77 77Service.AKPSN@akersolutions.comCanada / USA +001 403 640 4230sales@apsc.com27

LocationsAUSTRALIAAker Process Systems Pty. Ltd.Address Building C, 283 - 291 TreasureRoad, WelshpoolCityWelshpool, WA6106Country AustraliaTelephone +61 8 9351 9711Telefax +61 8 9356 1704ASIATHAILANDAker Cool Sorption Siam Ltd.Address 7/1 Radbumrung Rd.,Soi 4, T. Houypong,A-Muang-Rayong, Rayong 21150CityRayongCountry ThailandTelephone +66 3868 2927-8,+66 3869 2370-1Telefax +66 3869 2369EUROPEUNITED KINGDOMAker Process Systems Limited, AberdeenAddress Howe Moss AvenueKirkhill Industrial Estate, Dyce,CityAberdeen AB21 0GPCountry United KingdomTelephone +44 1224 414515Telefax +44 1224 414616FRANCEAker Process Systems SASAddress 24-30, Avenue du Petit ParcCity94300 VincennesCountry FranceTelephone +33 1 4193 8220Telefax +33 1 4193 8221AMERICASOUTH AMERICAAker Process Systems BrazilAddress Rua da Ajuda, 35 - 21th floor20040-915 Rio de JaneiroCityRio de JaneiroCountry BrazilTelephone +55 21 21 22 44 31Telefax +55 21 21 22 44 44NORTH AMERICAAker Process Systems (Calgary)Address #300- 6835 – Railways Street SECityCalgary Alberta Canada T2H 2V6Country CanadaTelephone +1 403 640 4230Telefax +1 403 252 1186Emailsales.aps@akersolutions.com• Text and artwork. Coverphoto: Frank Eyolf Rydningen, StatoilAker Cool Sorption Siam Ltd.Service Office:CityBangkokCountry ThailandTelephone +66 2262 7157Telefax +66 2262 7133NORWAYAker Process Systems ASVisit Address Prof. Kohtsvei 5Postal Address PO Box 403CityN-1327 LysakerCountry NorwayTelephone +47 67 83 77 00Telefax +47 67 83 77 99DENMARKAker Cool Sorption A/SAddress Smedeland 6CityCopenhagen, 2600 GlostrupCountry DenmarkTelephone +45 43 45 47 45Telefax +45 43 43 00 90part of Aker