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Scientific Papers, USAMV Bucharest, Series A, Vol. LII, 2009, ISSN 1222-5339RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION ON THE MAINFEATURES OF THE TYPICAL CHERNOZEM FROM BAILESTI PLAINC. POPESCU, V. DUMITRU, S. IANCU, FLORINA GRECUUniversity of Craiova, Faculty of AgricultureKeywords: soil profile, irrigation, physico-mechanical and chemical featuresAbstractIn order to study how the long term irrigation influences the typical chernozem fromBailesti Plain as regard the morphological, physico-mechanical and chemical featuresthere was, in the same time, studied a typical chernozem that was cropped rainfed. Therewas established that the main morphological features do not differ from the rainfedtreatment, while the physico-chemical ones have significantly changed. The bulk densityhas increased over the entire soil profile; the total and the aeration porosity havedecreased due to compaction determined by irrigation, the hydro physical indicators haverecorded higher values and the humus content has decreased, especially within the shallowhorizons. The total nitrogen content with the irrigated soil has decreased and the reactionhas modified recording an increasing on the entire soil profile as a result of highaccumulation of limestone from the irrigation water.119
Scientific Papers, USAMV Bucharest, Series A, Vol. LII, 2009, ISSN 1222-5339SOME ASPECTS OF GENESIS, DISTRIBUTION AND AMELIORATIONOF SALINE SOILS FROM THE BRAILA PLAINVALENTINA COTEŢ, M. EFTENENational Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry andEnvironmental Protection of BucharestKeywords: saline soils, Braila Plain, soluble salts, groundwaterAbstractIn Romania, saline soils occur in the low-lying accumulative plains with arid climate anddeficient water drainage. In the Braila Plain, the saline soils show a zonal distribution onthe East-West direction and occupy 5% of the land surface. Here soils and groundwaterwith the highest concentrations of salts, especially chlorides and sulphates are to be found.Their occurrence is favoured by the arid climate, accumulative land forms, shallowgroundwater, low gradient of groundwater flow.There are two types of salts accumulation: continental-phreatic and lacustrian, within eachtype being several mechanisms of migration and accumulation of salts specific for variouslocal conditions in which this process takes place.For a better agricultural use of land resources of the Braila Plain, progressive soildesalination is necessary. A drainage system located in areas with saline soils has tomaintain groundwater table levels below the critical depth of salinization.124
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