Product Responsibility - Baxter Sustainability Report

Europe• The European Partnership to Alternative Approaches to Animal Testing; and• Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations.International• The Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International.Replace, Reduce and RefineBaxter is committed to enhancing animal welfare through the 3Rs - replacement, reduction and refinement.During recent years, Baxter has applied innovations including the following.ReplacementBaxter implements new technologies and processes to substitute animal with non-animal tests.• Continue to replace or eliminate animal research in three products by using in-vitro 1 tests on individual cells.This includes replacing the rabbit pyrogen test (used to assess the potential for adverse events in humans)with the non-animal Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test in more than a dozen production steps.• Building upon its expertise in developing cell-based methods of vaccine production, Baxter is using itspropriety cell line system with next-generation production methods which do not require large quantitiesof fertilized chicken eggs.• When permitted, Baxter uses cell-based tests to determine the antibody content for specific antibody-basedproducts. For example, for its liquid immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) products that help people withcompromised immune systems fight disease, Baxter has replaced animal-based potency testing with acell-based test, recently approved in the United States.• Baxter uses thromboelastography (a non-animal, in-vitro test to assess blood clotting) to assess howquickly clots form on new products designed to stop bleeding, minimizing the number of animals neededfor efficacy studies.ReductionWhen Baxter is required to conduct animal testing, researchers use enhanced data collection and analysismethods to reduce overall animal use.• When feasible, Baxter uses automated blood sampling techniques and enhanced analytics to ensurehigh-quality samples every time and reduce the number of needle sticks and related animal stress.1In-vitro tests are performed on individual cells in a lab environment versus in a living organism.http://www.sustainability.baxter.com/product-responsibility/research-development-design/animal-welfare.html© Copyright 2011 Baxter International Inc. All Rights Reserved.