Essentials of Arabic Grammar - Asim Iqbal 2nd Islamic Downloads

The Irab of NounE _ F, and is called א (halatur-rafha), i.e.nominative case. And the declined form of א ْ (Irab bil harkah) is fathha E _ F, i.e. singleshort vowel or tanwin E _ F above the lastconsonant, which is called א (halatul nasb) i.e.accusative case, and kasrah F _ F or tanwin ( –)below the last consonant, which is called ْא (halatul-Jarr).The declension by Irab bil hakah is effected in thefollowing three categories of noun.1 All singular nouns, both masculine and feminine,e.g. or ٍ ،ً، א،ْא،ْאْ or ،ً، א،ْא،ْאْ2 All broken plural nouns, both masculine andfeminine, e.g.א ل , א ل , א ل ل or لٍ‏ , ً ‘men’ , ‘women’ or א , א , א 3 All feminine sound plural nouns, e.g. , ‘Muslim women’ or א‏ْ‏ , (There is only one change in this categoryאْwhich represents both the accusative and thegenitive case.)31