Reference Architecture for Remote Operations of Offshore Wind Farms

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FIGURE 1. Daily operation3. REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR REMOTE OPERATIONSIn this section, we present our proposed reference architecture. The generic architecture of offshore windfarms is shown in FIGURE 2. From offshore part, energy will be produced and transferred to onshore, atthe same time information about production will be transferred to onshore operation centers for analysis,visualization, documentation and archiving. Transfer of data or real-time data from offshore to onshoreoperations center will be supported by advanced technology and at some levels, the communication andinformation security measures will be considered. In the FIGURE 2 the curved down arrow and rightarrow explain that every windmill controls itself and every wind park controls itself, respectively.Local controlloopControlOffshoreReal time dataControl dataOnshoreCommunication and Information SecurityFIGURE 2. Generic architecture of offshore wind energyHere, the questions are: could the IT architecture for integrated operations in oil and gas be appliedentirely for remote operations of wind farms? If yes, how can we implement it? If no, which parts we canreuse and how can we modify it? What are the problems that need to be solved? In order to answer thesequestions, we look at IO of the IT architecture as shown in FIGURE 3 three parts. The first part showsvarious upstream domains, drilling and completion, reservoir and production management, and operationand maintenance where new solutions are being developed. The third part illustrates all existingapplications which are relevant and collaborate with new solutions in the various upstream domains. Theconnection between the first part and the third part is handled by the second part which contains threepatterns: services pattern, semantic model and integration pattern. The integration pattern is aconnection between those applications in the third part and the second part. It provides input data forsemantic model where exchanged data will be processed in order to enable capabilities of semantictechnology. Those upstream applications in the first part receive information from the semantic modelthrough the services pattern.Page 1054
FIGURE 3. Integrated operation - solution pattern overviewIt is clear that there are no energy industry, therefore we will drop them in the further discussion. Operation and maintenance is animportant part in oil and gas industry as well as in wind energy industry. M&O costs of offshore windfarms contribute substantially (25-30%) to the energy generation costs (Hassan et al., 2001; Pieterman etal., 2009).In the third part, instead of existing applications, we have some applications from offshore wind partners,for instance, wind turbines control and modeling system, weather forecast monitoring system,engineering systems, asset management, wind farm modeling and control, energy market monitoring. Inthis paper we focus on the second part of the IT architecture. Before going into more detail on each layerof the second part, we take a look at the solution pattern overview of remote operations, a modifiedarchitecture from IO as shown in FIGURE 4 below.ProductionManagementOperation andMaintenanceServices PatternSemantic ModelIntegration PatternWind farmmodeling &controlWindturbinecontrol &modelingWeatherforecastmonitoringsystemEnergymarketmonitoringEngineeringsystemsMaintenance& AssetManagementEquipment &ProcessDocumentation...PROCESS CONTROL DOMAINENTERPRISE DOMAINFIGURE 4. Remote operations - solution pattern overview3.1 Semantic modelIn this model, we describe how data will be integrated in offshore wind energy industry. How can wemanage the fact that in wind energy industry data comes from different sources with different formats?Based on IO and a variety of practical experiences we conclude that an implementation of semantictechnology in the reference architecture is a good solution.Page 1055
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Reference Architecture for Remote Operations of Offshore Wind Farms

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