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16:26:3416:26:36 And lastly, we have dry powder medications. It is16:26:40 possible in the manufacturing process to make dry16:26:44 powder preparations that are less than 5 microns16:26:46 in size, but those have very strange aerodynamic16:26:50 properties and really don't go into the airway16:26:53 well. So what drug manufacturers had to do was to16:26:56 create an excipient that the particles were16:26:59 latched onto, and that's generally lactose. In16:27:03 these preparations, one needs a high inspiratory16:27:07 flowrate. That creates turbulence, which16:27:10 separates the excipient from the actual drug16:27:13 particle. The excipient or the lactose rams16:27:16 against the posterior pharynx, whereas the16:27:19 particles go down into the airways.16:27:2016:27:21 Now, before using this inhaler, because this is a16:27:23 dry powder, these particles need to be protected 1716:27:27 from the environment, because humidity can render16:27:30 them useless. This shows the innards of the16:27:33 discus. There are certainly other inhalers that16:27:36 are more linear stubby devices that either have16:27:39 medications in line or one needs to load a gelatin16:27:42 capsule, and that is pierced. With the discus,16:27:46 there is a strip of medications. When one16:27:49 advances the thumb wheel, that medication is16:27:52 pierced and it's brought in line with the