Framing Differences 1 Framing Differences in Gender-Related Sport ...

Framing Differences 11Table 1 Total Codes and Pairwise Comparisons for Newspaper ArticlesMen's (57) Women's (26) Both (53)Z-MWZ-WBZ-MB p-MW p-WB p-MBPhysical App., Attire 63 5.4% 70 10.9% 107 10.0% 0.000 0.726 0.000 0.0000 0.7265 0.0000Ath. Prowess 73 6.3% 40 6.2% 73 6.8% 0.516 0.319 0.305 0.5159 0.3185 0.3051Ath. Weaknesses 78 6.7% 51 8.0% 92 8.6% 0.167 0.320 0.048 0.1673 0.3205 0.0477Pos. Skill Level 507 43.7% 228 35.6% 394 36.8% 1.000 0.301 1.000 0.9996 0.3008 0.9995Neg. Skill Level 143 12.3% 78 12.2% 133 12.4% 0.537 0.437 0.468 0.5367 0.4367 0.4677Psy. Strength 112 9.6% 47 7.3% 87 8.1% 0.954 0.275 0.896 0.9543 0.2747 0.8956Psy. Weaknesses 62 5.3% 29 4.5% 65 6.1% 0.778 0.083 0.227 0.7781 0.0829 0.2275Family/Relationships 83 7.1% 91 14.2% 102 9.5% 0.000 0.998 0.021 0.0000 0.9981 0.0210Humor 40 3.4% 7 1.1% 17 1.6% 0.999 0.194 0.997 0.9993 0.1936 0.9974TOTAL 1161 641 1070RQ2: What significant differences – if any – exist in the gender-specific descriptors usedto frame Internet articles on the U.S. Open men’s tournament, women’s tournament, andarticles on both?Coding and pairwise comparisons of Internet articles shown in Table 2 offeredmixed results that overall did not reinforce traditional stereotypes in sport media coverageas assumed, since only five of the 11 significant findings were expected. Pairwisecomparisons showed athletic prowess and athletic weakness were significantly morelikely to be used in articles about men’s tennis than in articles covering both genders.Positive skill level attributes were significantly more likely to appear in articles on bothgenders than in those focusing on women’s tennis. Physical strength and physicalweakness were more likely to be used to describe males and females than both genders.Family role and personal relationships were more likely to be used in women’s tennisstories than those on men’s tennis or on both genders. Humor and physical appearances