Evolution of Fiqh - Mission Islam

Qabeelat TayybahStage 3Era of the Young Sahabah and the Tabi’eenNarration of the Hadeeth (41H-132H/ 662CE-753CE)This era began with the assassination of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib by the Khawarij. Hassan, the son of ‘Ali, was putinto power afterwards. He then conceded to Mu’awiyah. Afterwards there was peace and the ‘ulema’ started anew age of knowledge. This is called the generation of the hadeeth. . ”“. “They never asked about Isnad (chain of hadeeth narrators) until the fitnah occurred. Only then did theystart asking. “Reveal to us the names of your narrators.” They look for Ahl as-Sunnah and accept theirhadeeth, and look for Ahl al-Bid’ah and reject theirs.” (Ibn Sireen)The fitnah…When Uthman was assassinated, the people had very different opinions as to how to solve the dilemma theynow faced. ‘Ali wanted to establish the Khilafah first and then avenge Uthman’s death. Mu’awiyah, ‘Amr ibnal-‘Aas, Talhah and az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam were from Banu Umayyad, the tribe of Uthman, so they thoughtit was most important to first avenge Uthman’s death. A’isha wanted to get revenge as well. With the exceptionof Mu’awiyah, all the others decided to go to Iraq to go after the murderers of Uthman. When ‘Ali heard thenews, he went to Iraq to stop them. He intercepted them at a location close to Iraq where both sides agreed tofirst establish the Khilafah and then go after the murderers of Uthman. Though a treaty had been made, thepeople of Fitnah infiltrated both the armies of A’isha and ‘Ali at night and killed people from both camps. Thearmies saw this as a breach of treaty from the other side and combat took place.They then engaged in the “Battle of al-Jamal (the Camel)” because the camel of A’isha represented the flag ofthe battle. If the camel fell, then A’isha’s army had fallen. A’isha’s army was eventually defeated. ‘Ali then sentA’isha with some of his men back to Madinah. After this, she took herself out of the politics of the Ummah.‘Ali then went to Syria where he meet the army of Mu’awiyah and engaged in the “Battle of Siffin”. TheSyrians wanted to negotiate so a peace treaty was made between ‘Ali and Mu’awiyah even though noagreement was reached. Dissension broke out in the army of ‘Ali since some of ‘Ali’s supporters, who at firstdid not want to fight in the battle, now did not want to have peace. Thus, 10,000 men removed themselves fromthe army of ‘Ali and went to an area called Haruraa. They were later to be known as the Khawarij. Theydeveloped radical views. They called ‘Ali, Mu’awiyah, ‘Amr ibn al-‘Aas and Abu Musa al Ash’ari kuffar.Outwardly, these men looked very pious and more righteous than even the Sahabah. The Prophet predicted theircoming in the following hadeeth:TCE Notes Revolution 40