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an evaluation of the recruitment and selection policy and practice in ...

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CHAPTER 1PROBLEM STATEMENT AND DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS1.1 INTRODUCTIONWhat is <strong>the</strong> most import<strong>an</strong>t asset <strong>in</strong> <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>isation? The criteria on which to<strong>an</strong>swer this question must be determ<strong>in</strong>ed by <strong>the</strong> competitive adv<strong>an</strong>tage thatsuch <strong>an</strong> asset c<strong>an</strong> provide. Capital, equipment, market read<strong>in</strong>ess, l<strong>an</strong>d, cheaplabour <strong>an</strong>d hum<strong>an</strong> resources are all contenders. Smit <strong>an</strong>d Cronje (1982:350)claim that it is people who give life to <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>isation <strong>an</strong>d that <strong>the</strong>y c<strong>an</strong> beregarded as <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>isation’s most import<strong>an</strong>t resources. Covey (1997:182)agrees, stat<strong>in</strong>g that people atta<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> highest value <strong>in</strong> <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>isation, because<strong>the</strong>y are <strong>the</strong> programmers – who produce everyth<strong>in</strong>g else at <strong>the</strong> personal,<strong>in</strong>terpersonal, m<strong>an</strong>agerial <strong>an</strong>d org<strong>an</strong>isational levels.Grier (1999:122) expla<strong>in</strong>s that <strong>the</strong> economic turbulence, globalisation,technology, ch<strong>an</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g demographic, <strong>an</strong>d differences <strong>in</strong> workforce values havecreated almost unprecedented environmental uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty. In <strong>the</strong>se conditionshum<strong>an</strong> resources is one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> few factors over which org<strong>an</strong>isations have ameasure <strong>of</strong> control, thus re<strong>in</strong>forc<strong>in</strong>g hum<strong>an</strong> resources as a dist<strong>in</strong>ctive factor forcompetitive adv<strong>an</strong>tage. This automatically implies that o<strong>the</strong>r factors areconditional for entry <strong>in</strong>to competition. Johnson <strong>an</strong>d Scholes (2002:480) statethat <strong>the</strong> possession <strong>of</strong> resources, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g people, does not guar<strong>an</strong>tee strategicsuccess. However, <strong>the</strong> way <strong>the</strong>se resources are deployed, m<strong>an</strong>aged, controlled<strong>an</strong>d, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> case <strong>of</strong> people, motivated to create competence <strong>in</strong> those activities<strong>an</strong>d bus<strong>in</strong>ess processes needed to achieve competitive adv<strong>an</strong>tage, differentiate<strong>the</strong> mediocre from <strong>the</strong> market leaders.The Public Service c<strong>an</strong> be regarded as <strong>the</strong> largest org<strong>an</strong>isation with<strong>in</strong> a countrywith <strong>the</strong> most secure resource base. It has a predeterm<strong>in</strong>ed budget with <strong>the</strong>government on its side. Its purpose is to develop, implement, monitor, evaluate<strong>an</strong>d to police <strong>policy</strong>. The Tr<strong>an</strong>sformation White Paper <strong>of</strong> South Africa suggeststhat <strong>the</strong> competitive adv<strong>an</strong>tage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Public Service is its service delivery. All1

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