Further reading and background information on the Afon Conwy

Rivers: Afon ConwyFSC Rhyd-y-creuau Field CentreThe Conwy Falls is the largest series of rapids <strong>and</strong>waterfalls on the river course fallingapproximately 40m in height over a distance ofapproximately 800m (GR 808 535)The area is classified as a Site of Special ScientificInterest (SSSI) for its rare flora <strong>and</strong> fauna.Formation of the gorge <strong>and</strong> knickpoint has beensuggested to originate from the large quantities ofice meeting at this point. Valley gl aciers from theLledr <strong>and</strong> Llugwy valley joined the Conwy valleyglacier around Betws-y-Coed causing aggressiveglacial erosion deepening the valley.Hanging valleys were created as a result higherupstream along the Lledr <strong>and</strong> the Conwy.Conwy Falls with a steep-sided gorge.Created as the knickpoint retreated over timeSince the the last glacial event, rejuvenation has been taking place with the rivers trying toregrade themselves. So far, the Conwy has cut back around a kilometre leaving a deepgorge downstream towards Betws-y-Coed. The original valley floor is at the height of theviewing platform <strong>and</strong> the café.Rhyd-y-creuauBy the time the Afon Conwy passesthe Field Studies Centre it has beenjoined by two major tributaries, theAfon Machno <strong>and</strong> the Afon Lledr<strong>and</strong> will soon be joined by the AfonLlugwy, it’s third major tributary. Allthree of these channels join theConwy within approximately 4km ofeach other. The Conwy only has44m to descend between Rhyd-y-Creuauthe sea; a distance of approximately 30 kilometres.The Afon Conwy passing Rhyd-y-creuau<strong>and</strong>River features typical of lower courses are evident here including channel braiding <strong>and</strong>developed pool-riffle sequences.