The Handbook of Journalism Studies

More documents

Recommendations

Info

21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 309 Ward, S. J. A. (2007). Utility and impartiality: Being impartial in a partial world. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 22(2-3), 151–167. Wilkins, L., & Coleman, R. (2005). The moral media: How journalists reason about ethics. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum. Wasserman, H. (2007). Finding the global in the particular: Media ethics and human dignity in the postcolony. Paper presented to the International Roundtable on Global Media Ethics, Stellenbosch, South Africa, March 2007. Weaver, D. H. (Ed.). (1998). The global journalist. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. Young, R. (2003). Post-colonialism. New York: Oxford University Press.
310 22 Journalism and Popular Culture John Hartley INTRODUCTION: POPULAR CULTURE AND JOURNALISM STUDIES This chapter identifi es popular culture as the true origin of modern journalism, taking “origin” to refer both to empirical historical beginnings, in revolutionary France and industrializing Britain, and also to theoretical fi rst principles, where popular culture is the subject (source) of journalism, not its object (destination). Therefore, I argue, the relations between journalism and popular culture, and between journalism studies and cultural studies, are best studied historically. Within such histories can be discerned the working through of two contrasting underlying models of communication and determination. In one the consumers of news are an effect of media; in the other they are a source of meaning. One model leads to a representative, expert journalism; the other to emancipationist self-representation (see Table 22.1). Both are present throughout the history of modern media, although during the long reigns of the press barons and broadcast monopolies the top-down version has predominated. This predominance is currently in crisis; my argument is that scholarly attention to the historical relations between journalism and popular culture can help to explain what is at stake in that crisis. There are two methodological lessons that may be drawn from this history. First, journalism as such is not the fundamental point of difference. The practice of journalism has evolved through both the expert and the emancipationist traditions. Second, the “popular culture” model, based as it is on the underlying notion of an “active audience,” has received an immense boost in recent times, owing to the growth of user-led innovation, consumer-generated content, self-made media, DIY culture, citizen-journalism, the blogosphere and peer-to-peer social networks. HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF JOURNALISM AS SOCIETY-WIDE COMMUNICATION Historically, journalism is a creature of the popular classes that were thrown together and massively expanded by urbanization, industrialization and the intellectual ferment of Enlightenment and Revolutionary Europe (from the 1790s to the 1830s). It is true that newspapers and therefore journalists predate this period. The fi rst Intelligencers and Mercuries dated from the seventeenth century; The Times (the fi rst proper daily paper) from the eighteenth. However, the early press had neither the technical means nor the political desire to create what remains journalism’s most important “product,” namely a national reading public; the “republic of letters” as Tom Paine called it, that extended to the popular classes.
Page 2 and 3:
THE HANDBOOK OF JOURNALISM STUDIES
Page 4 and 5:
THE HANDBOOK OF JOURNALISM STUDIES
Page 6 and 7:
Contents Series Editor’s Foreword
Page 8:
V. JOURNALISM STUDIES IN A GLOBAL C
Page 11 and 12:
THE ICA HANDBOOK SERIES The ICA Han
Page 13 and 14:
xii PREFACE state of scholarship an
Page 15 and 16:
xiv CONTRIBUTORS (University of Ten
Page 17 and 18:
xvi CONTRIBUTORS Maxwell McCombs ho
Page 19 and 20:
xviii CONTRIBUTORS Linda Steiner is
Page 21 and 22:
xx CONTRIBUTORS and the Law (Vision
Page 24 and 25:
1 Introduction: On Why and How We S
Page 26 and 27:
1. INTRODUCTION 5 departures betwee
Page 28 and 29:
JOURNALISM STUDIES TODAY 1. INTRODU
Page 30 and 31:
1. INTRODUCTION 9 ism rub up agains
Page 32 and 33:
1. INTRODUCTION 11 is the result of
Page 34 and 35:
1. INTRODUCTION 13 which are remove
Page 36 and 37:
1. INTRODUCTION 15 Berkowitz, D. (E
Page 38 and 39:
2 Journalism History Kevin G. Barnh
Page 40 and 41:
2. JOURNALISM HISTORY 19 gained imp
Page 42 and 43:
PROFESSIONALIZATION 2. JOURNALISM H
Page 44 and 45:
2. JOURNALISM HISTORY 23 well as it
Page 46 and 47:
2. JOURNALISM HISTORY 25 amount to
Page 48 and 49:
2. JOURNALISM HISTORY 27 Folkerts,
Page 50 and 51:
3 Journalism and the Academy Barbie
Page 52 and 53:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 31 th
Page 54 and 55:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 33 re
Page 56 and 57:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 35 ru
Page 58 and 59:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 37 in
Page 60 and 61:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 39 of
Page 62 and 63:
3. JOURNALISM AND THE ACADEMY 41 Wa
Page 64 and 65:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 43 If we ta
Page 66 and 67:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 45 institut
Page 68 and 69:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 47 nia. Met
Page 70 and 71:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 49 and Mark
Page 72 and 73:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 51 stand a
Page 74 and 75:
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH 4. JOURNAL
Page 76 and 77:
4. JOURNALISM EDUCATION 55 Mancini,
Page 78:
II NEWS PRODUCTION
Page 81 and 82:
60 BECKER AND VLAD The chapter ends
Page 83 and 84:
62 BECKER AND VLAD reconstruct soci
Page 85 and 86:
64 BECKER AND VLAD THE CONCEPT OF B
Page 87 and 88:
66 BECKER AND VLAD The Concept of N
Page 89 and 90:
68 BECKER AND VLAD a geographic are
Page 91 and 92:
70 BECKER AND VLAD Consistent with
Page 93 and 94:
72 BECKER AND VLAD Sparrow, B. H. (
Page 95 and 96:
74 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE Inform
Page 97 and 98:
76 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE fi rst
Page 99 and 100:
78 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE Weaver
Page 101 and 102:
80 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE charac
Page 103 and 104:
82 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE as fro
Page 105 and 106:
84 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE they w
Page 107 and 108:
86 SHOEMAKER, VOS, AND REESE Johnst
Page 109 and 110:
88 7 Objectivity, Professionalism,
Page 111 and 112:
90 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON Initially
Page 113 and 114:
92 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON of journal
Page 115 and 116:
94 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON Ethics and
Page 117 and 118:
96 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON Convenient
Page 119 and 120:
98 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON attempts t
Page 121 and 122:
100 SCHUDSON AND ANDERSON Carr-Saun
Page 123 and 124:
102 8 Reporters and Their Sources D
Page 125 and 126:
104 BERKOWITZ Nearly every vocation
Page 127 and 128:
106 BERKOWITZ of an issue that gain
Page 129 and 130:
108 BERKOWITZ rather constrained th
Page 131 and 132:
110 BERKOWITZ examined sources—pa
Page 133 and 134:
112 BERKOWITZ meaning to journalist
Page 135 and 136:
114 BERKOWITZ Kim, Y., & Bae, J. (2
Page 137 and 138:
116 9 Gender in the Newsroom Linda
Page 139 and 140:
118 STEINER sympathetic women repor
Page 141 and 142:
120 STEINER with varying degrees of
Page 143 and 144:
122 STEINER newspapers, but nearly
Page 145 and 146:
124 STEINER More recent scholarship
Page 147 and 148:
126 STEINER positive capital, these
Page 149 and 150:
128 STEINER Bradley, P. (2003). Mas
Page 151 and 152:
130 10 Convergence and Cross-Platfo
Page 153 and 154:
132 QUANDT AND SINGER Communities &
Page 155 and 156:
134 QUANDT AND SINGER intensively t
Page 157 and 158:
136 QUANDT AND SINGER as a barrier
Page 159 and 160:
138 QUANDT AND SINGER media environ
Page 161 and 162:
140 QUANDT AND SINGER Although all
Page 163 and 164:
142 QUANDT AND SINGER REFERENCES Al
Page 165 and 166:
144 QUANDT AND SINGER Oblak, T. (20
Page 168 and 169:
11 Agenda Setting Renita Coleman, M
Page 170 and 171:
11. AGENDA SETTING 149 ing research
Page 172 and 173:
11. AGENDA SETTING 151 Tewksbury, 1
Page 174 and 175:
11. AGENDA SETTING 153 dal was fasc
Page 176 and 177:
Establishing Causality 11. AGENDA S
Page 178 and 179:
11. AGENDA SETTING 157 from newspap
Page 180 and 181:
11. AGENDA SETTING 159 Lee, J.-K. (
Page 182 and 183:
12 News Values and Selectivity Deir
Page 184 and 185:
12. NEWS VALUES AND SELECTIVITY 163
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
13 Nature, Sources, and Effects of
Page 198 and 199:
T-1 Culture � Schemas in minds of
Page 200 and 201:
13. NATURE, SOURCES, AND EFFECTS OF
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
14 News, Discourse, and Ideology Te
Page 214 and 215:
14. NEWS, DISCOURSE, AND IDEOLOGY 1
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Nationalism in the News 14. NEWS, D
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
15 Rethinking News and Myth as Stor
Page 228 and 229:
15. RETHINKING NEWS AND MYTH AS STO
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
16. THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF NEWS 2
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254:
Page 258 and 259:
17 Journalism and Democracy Brian M
Page 260 and 261:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 239 sh
Page 262 and 263:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 241 in
Page 264 and 265:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 243 th
Page 266 and 267:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 245 sp
Page 268 and 269:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 247 au
Page 270 and 271:
17. JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY 249 Bo
Page 272 and 273:
18. JOURNALISM, PUBLIC RELATIONS, A
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281: 18. JOURNALISM, PUBLIC RELATIONS, A
Page 286 and 287: 19 Alternative and Citizen Journali
Page 288 and 289: 19. ALTERNATIVE AND CITIZEN JOURNAL
Page 300 and 301: 20 Journalism Law and Regulation Ky
Page 302 and 303: 20. JOURNALISM LAW AND REGULATION 2
Page 316 and 317: 21 Journalism Ethics Stephen J. A.
Page 318 and 319: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 297 • Graph
Page 320 and 321: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 299 ciples ha
Page 322 and 323: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 301 and magaz
Page 324 and 325: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 303 with one
Page 326 and 327: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 305 whose pub
Page 328 and 329: 21. JOURNALISM ETHICS 307 Darwall,
Page 332 and 333: 22. JOURNALISM AND POPULAR CULTURE
Page 346 and 347: 23 Audience Reception and News in E
Page 348 and 349: 23. AUDIENCE RECEPTION AND NEWS IN
Page 358: 23. AUDIENCE RECEPTION AND NEWS IN
Page 362 and 363: 24 Journalism and Globalization Sim
Page 364 and 365: Global Public Sphere Global Dominan
Page 366 and 367: 24. JOURNALISM AND GLOBALIZATION 34
Page 378 and 379: 25 Development Journalism Xu Xiaoge
Page 380 and 381:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 359 in n
Page 382 and 383:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 361 to t
Page 384 and 385:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 363 Pro-
Page 386 and 387:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 365 read
Page 388 and 389:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 367 Anot
Page 390 and 391:
25. DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM 369 Lati
Page 392 and 393:
26 Advocacy Journalism in a Global
Page 394 and 395:
26. ADVOCACY JOURNALISM IN A GLOBAL
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 387 Worl
Page 410 and 411:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 389 dida
Page 412 and 413:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 391 and
Page 414 and 415:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 393 day
Page 416 and 417:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 395 of t
Page 418 and 419:
27. COVERING WAR AND PEACE 397 Robe
Page 420 and 421:
28. RESEARCHING PUBLIC SERVICE BROA
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
29 Comparative Journalism Studies T
Page 436 and 437:
29. COMPARATIVE JOURNALISM STUDIES
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Page 446 and 447:
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
30. TOWARDS DE-WESTERNIZING JOURNAL
Page 452 and 453:
Page 454 and 455:
Page 456 and 457:
Page 458 and 459:
Page 460 and 461:
A Abbott, A., 89, 95-96 Allan, S.,
Page 462:
Roeh, I., 83 Rogers, E., 17, 44, 75
Page 465 and 466:
444 SUBJECT INDEX Ethics (continued
Page 467:
446 SUBJECT INDEX Q Quality journal
show all

The Handbook of Journalism Studies

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?