NDRI Quinquennium Book COVER FINAL CURVE.cdr

© All rights reservedFebruary 2012TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012NDRI Publication No. 76/2012ConceptProf. A. K. SrivastavaDirector, NDRIPlanning &PreparationDr. (Mrs.) Meena MalikDr. Y. S. RajputProductionDr. G. R. PatilDr. Rameshwar SinghDr. Mahesh BhartiCover DesignPhotoMr. Chiranjee AggarwalG. D. JoshiProcessing &AssistanceMr. Sunil SharmaMr. RamdhariPublished byDirector NDRI, Karnal

PrefaceNational Dairy Research Instituteas the premier Dairy ResearchInstitution is marching ahead withits research, teaching and extensionactivities with the sole aim ofaugmenting dairy development in thecountry. Being the National Institute,it continues to conduct basic andapplied research with the objective toenhance animal productivity and alsoto develop cost effective technologiesfor the benefit of the consumers,the industry and the farmers. TheInstitute, having the status of DeemedUniversity, is contributing significantlyto the Human Resource Developmentthrough its Undergraduate andPost-graduate teaching /trainingprogrammes. Looking at the presentmonumental set-up of the NationalDairy Research Institute, the PremierInstitution of Dairying in Asia, onejust cannot dispense with the historicalway of looking at its pristine grandeur.The foundation stone of the edifice ofNational Dairy Research Institute waslaid with the establishment of ImperialInstitute for Animal Husbandry& Dairying at Bangalore on July 1,1923. The Institute at its early stage atBangalore was established primarily asa centre for Dairy Education. A twoyeartraining course for the award ofIndian Diploma in Dairying (IDD)was started at the Institute and laterseveral other courses were added. In1936, it was expanded and renamed asImperial Dairy Institute.The most important event in thehistory of the Imperial Institute forAnimal Husbandry & Dairying wasthe training imparted to MahatmaGandhi and Pandit Madan MohanMalviya in 1927. They came to theInstitute for study training and to getacquainted with modern methodsof cattle management. Both ofthem spent two weeks discussingand learning the technicalities andcomplexities of problems pertaining tocows and buffaloes in India. Gandhijiwas highly appreciative of the mostproductive crossbred cow ‘Jill’ of theinstitute. He held several discussionson the problems of Pinjrapoles, whichhoused low producing, mostly sterilecows and other dairy stock mainlyon humanitarian grounds. MahatmaGandhi evinced great interest in thework of the Institute and wrote severalarticles in `Young India’ and `Harijan’on the importance of dairying andscientific cattle management. Gandhiji’sThe present publicationhighlights some of the significantachievements of the Institutein the areas of Dairy Research,Education, Extension andInfrastructure developmentduring the last five years i.e. fromthe year 2007-2012.

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012thinking and views had a great impacton the political leaders of the time andparticularly on the policy decisionsof the Government of India soonafter Independence in 1947, in theformulation of Key Village Scheme,Gosamvardhana Council and intensiveCattle Development Programmes. Itis not unreasonable to link the startof the cooperative movement in milkproduction in the area where Gandhijiand Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel werebased in Gujarat and Kaira Districtin Gujarat with the visits of Gandhijito Bangalore. The political supportderived by Amul through stalwarts/political leaders such as Sardar Patel,Tribhuvandas Patel and others is amatter well recognized by everyonetoday. Thus, the institute at Bangalorecontributed the technical contentthrough top political leadership for thesound foundations on which the dairyindustry came to be gradually built.In 1955, the Institute Headquarterswere shifted to Karnal, and it wasrechristened as National DairyResearch Institute. The Institute wasbrought under the wings of the IndianCouncil of Agricultural Researchin 1966 in order to provide greateroperational autonomy in researchmanagement functions. The firstformal Dairy Technology course wasstarted in India at NDRI in 1957.An important milestone in thehistory of NDRI was added in 1989when the Institute was conferredthe status of Deemed University forfurther strengthening the academicprogrammes for human resourcedevelopment. In 1994, The Institutegot recognition as a Centre ofAdvanced Studies in Dairy Technologyand Dairy Cattle Breeding disciplinesto further strengthen the research andtraining components.The Institute, with its two regionalstations, Bangalore in southand Kalyani in eastern India,conducts research in the areas ofdairy production, processing andmanagement and provides high qualityeducation in the field of dairying,which has no parallel in Asia.The present shape and structureof this Institution owes a lot to thecontributions of the great visionariesand distinguished Directors of thisInstitute. As the country’s premierDairy Research Institution, NDRIhas developed considerable expertiseover last eight decades in differentareas of Dairy Production, Processing,Management and Human ResourceDevelopment. Information generatedat the Institute and services offeredhave contributed to the growth ofDairy Industry on the whole and wellbeing of millions of milk producers andconsumers of milk and milk products.Realizing the challenging need ofglobalized Dairy Trade, the Instituteis continuously working to developits R&D and HRD programmes tobetter serve the nation in terms of foodsecurity, employment generation, andpoverty alleviation.The present publication highlightssome of the significant achievementsof the Institute in the areas of DairyResearch, Education, Extension andInfrastructure development duringthe last five years i.e. from the year2007-2012. Here I feel privileged toacknowledge and place on record thecontributions made by Joint Directors,Heads of Divisions, faculty, Officersand the Staff. I am sure that withtheir persistent support and efforts,we would be able to march ahead infulfilling the mandate and objectivesof NDRI with earnest zeal andresponsibility and bring success andglory to the Institute in the years tocome.(A. K. Srivastava)

NDRI At A GlanceGoalProvide R&D support towards generation and dissemination ofknowledge towards improved national milch herd for milk productionenhancement, greater productivity of dairy industry and managementaspects of the dairy profession leading to the social, economic andenvironmental benefits to the Nation as well as contribute towardsmanpower development programmes.Mandate• Conducting research in the areas of Dairy Production, Processingand Marketing• Demand driven ‘Human Resource Development’ to meet therequirements of Dairy Industry & R&D Institutions.• Dissemination of innovative dairy production and processingtechnologies for socio-economic transformationsMain Building, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

Impetus on Research and Development (R&D)World's first cloned buffalo calfThe R&D activities of the Institutemainly focus on three fundamentalfacets of dairying i.e. how toproduce animals with betterproductivity, to innovate suitablemilk processing technologiesand equipment and to provide thedairy farmers and entrepreneursinformation about existingmarket demands and practicalmanagement inputs for makingdairying a self sustaining profitablebusiness. Research, both in basicand applied aspects in variousdisciplines constitute the coreactivity of the InstituteWorld's first cloned buffalo calf was was born on February 6, 2009 using the somatic cell of anew-born calf whose age was only two months. The animal from which the donor cells werederived was only 12 months old when the cloned calf was born.World’s second clonedbuffalo calf (Garima)produced by Handguidedcloning wasborn on June 6, 2009using somatic cellof a fetus obtainedfrom slaughterhouse.Ganotyping of Garimawas established by microsatellitemarkers.

Cloned calf (Garima-II) using embryonic stem cell as donorwas born on August 22, 2010.A cloned calf was produced from a frozen-thawed clonedembryo. This male calf christened ‘SHRESTH’ was born onAugust 26, 2010.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Garima-IIShresth3

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Three cell lines of buffalo ES cells were produced, which areat 165, 125 and 115 passages and have been in culture over34, 26 and 24 months, respectively. These are the only buffaloES cell lines available in the world. These cell lines can now beused for transgenesis, cloning etc.Characterization of buffalo embryonic stem celllinesCloned transgenic buffalo embryos were produced usingbuffalo somatic cells and ES cells. ES cells were derived froman adult buffalo whose productive and reproductive featureswere well characterized. A two-round nuclear transfer (NT)approach was applied, wherein the first round NT providedthe cloned blastocysts from which NT-ES cell-like cells werederived and used as nuclear donor for a second round of NT.Buffalo adult fibroblasts and NT-ES cell-like cells of the samegenotype were transfected and were further used in Handguidedcloning for production of cloned transgenic embryos.Pregnancy established using oocytes collectedfrom live Sahiwal cattle by Ovum-Pick-upOocytes were collected from the ovaries of Sahiwal cattleby follicular aspiration using an ultrasound machine with atransvaginal convex transducer with a needle guide, single lumen18-gauge 55 cm long sterile needle with an ultrasound echotip and a vacuum pressure of 80 mmHg. Oocytes were thensubjected to in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and invitro culture for development of embryos. When the embryosdeveloped to transferable stage i.e., the blastocyst stage, thesewere transferred to the recipient i.e., the surrogate mother. Usingthis OPU and IVF technique, a pregnancy was established.A non-invasive DNA isolation methodology indairy animals developedThis is an innovative process for the isolation of GenomicDNA from fecal /epithelial tissue in cattle and buffalo. Theinvention relates to a process for purifying and/or isolatingnucleic acids from domestic animal feces (cattle and buffalo),Cloned transgenic blastocysts using transfected ES cell: A, GFP taggedembryonic stem cell colony (under light microscopy); b, Expression of GFP(under fluorescent microscopy; C, Blastocyst developed using hand guidedcloning and D, Expression of GFP in blastocyst (fluorescent microscopy)(Scale bar represents 50 μm).Agarose (1%) gel elctrophoresis of genomic DNA isolated from buffalo fecaltissue (7) Genomic DNA sample (3 µl of each) electrophoresed in a 1%agarose gel with Lambda marker (M), (S) Skin, (K) Kidney, (B) Brain,(L) Liver, (M) Muscle4

which may contain impurities and inhibitors. The inventiondescribes a detailed procedure and reagents for carrying outthe said method. The basis of the invention is a method ofdisrupting the dead fecal epithelial tissue, selectively protectingthe nucleic acids and finally purifying them. The isolatednucleic acids were found to be considerably intact (not broken/ sheared while in the process of isolation). The isolatedDNA was processed further for use in PCR and restrictionendonuclease digestion methods.PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) basedmethod of differentiating cow and buffalo milkdevelopedThis invention provides a method for detecting segments of themitochondrial D-loop gene from a milk sample. This inventionincludes: extracting genomic DNA from a milk sample as atemplate and carrying out a general PCR test with two setsof self designed primers in terms of the optimized reactionconditions. Milk contains a large but highly variable numberof somatic cells, ranging from 10 4 to l0 7 /ml, depending on thestatus of the cow / buffalo (parity, season, stage of lactation,and health). These cells are predominantly leukocytes but alsoinclude a small proportion (

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012immunostaining positively with cytokeratin 18 and negativelywith vimentin. The BuMEC maintained the characteristicsof its functional differentiation by expression of κ-casein,κ-casein, butyrophilin and lactoferrin. BuMEC had normalgrowth properties and maintained diploid chromosomenumber (2n=50) before and after cryopreservation. Aspontaneously immortalized buffalo mammary epithelial cellline was established after 20 passages and was continuouslysubcultured for more than 60 passages without senescence.This cell line can be used as model system for studyingmammary gland functions.Differentially expressed proteins in lactatingcows having different lactation potential (Highvs low producing cows) identifiedProbable biomarkers of lactation potential in lactating cowswere identified by differential expression analysis of proteinsin mammary epithelial cells in high vs low producing Sahiwalcows, performed by differential in gel electrophoresis (DIGE)techniques within a pI range of pH 4-7 followed by MassSpectrometry. The differentially expressed proteins wereanalyzed by sophisticated decyder software in a real-timemanner. Twenty eight differentially expressed proteins havingpotential/probable role in milk yield were identified. The moststrongly regulated proteins were cytoskeletal components,calcium-binding proteins, regulators of cellular metabolismand regulators of protein stability. The identified proteins arebeing further evaluated for their biomarker potential.PCR-based method for differentiating A1 and A2beta casein containing milk developedThe DNA samples obtained from the milk were used forpresence of A1 and A2 beta-casein by using allele-specificPCR. Four different allele specific PCR based primers weredesigned and simple PCR was optimized to distinguish the A1and A2 type of beta casein. This process can be applied to milkand all products processed from that milk for identificationof A1 and A2 milk type. A mutation in the DNA sequencecoding for the beta casein protein at nucleotide position 200has resulted in the replacement of a cytidine base with adeninebase. Thus, the triplet codon affected by this change codes forhistidine (CAT) rather than for proline (CCT) at the aminoacid position 67 of the protein. Thus, the histidine at positionDIGE analysis of Sw-Hy vs Sw-Ly vs KF-Hy samples. DIGE imageswere scanned after SDS-PAGE. The gels were scanned using three laserscorresponding to Cy2, Cy3 and Cy5 wave lengths. The green colour spotsrepresesent down regulation and red colour spots represent up regulation.Sw-Hy: Sahiwal high yielding; Sw-Ly: Sahiwal low yielding; KF-Hy:Karan Fries high yielding. L: Low producer, H: High producer.The 199 bp PCR product indicates the presence of A1 beta casein allele,whereas the111bp PCR product indicates the presence of A2 beta caseinalleles.6

67 results in the cow producing beta casein A1 while theproline results in the cow producing beta casein A2.Biotechnological Reproductive and MolecularTechnologies...••Interspecies blastocyst stage embryos were producedby Handguided cloning using buffalo cytoplasts anddifferentiated somatic cells from cattle and goat.••Zona-free buffalo oocytes were successfully activated forparthenogenetic development for producing blastocyststage embryos using chemical or electrical stimulation.••Cloning efficiency was shown to be improved by increasingcytoplasm volume or by treatment of embryos with anepigenetic modifier scriptaid.••Some developmentally important genes viz. Bcl-xl, Bax,Glut-1 and HSP 70.1 were found to be differentiallyexpressed in cloned and IVF-derived embryos.••Cloned buffalo embryos were produced by using somaticcells isolated from milk as donor cells.••Cardiomyocytes, which exhibited rhythmic beating, weregenerated from IVF goat ES cells.••An efficient protocol was established in goat for productionof embryonic stem cells from blastocysts produced byhandmade cloning.••Development of 3 buffalo embryonic stem cell linesachieved.••In vitro culture system capable of supporting long termself-renewal of buffalo embryonic stem cells was developed..Buffalo embryonic stem cells were characterized by abattery of markers such as SSEA-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4,TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, CD9, CD90, OCT4, SOX2,FOXD3, REX-1 and NUCLEOSTEMIN. Embryoidbodies were formed by spontaneous differentiation ofbuffalo embryonic stem cells, which contained cells from allthree germ layers i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm,as confirmed by expression of markers specific to these celltypes.••Neurons and muscle cells from buffalo embryonic stemcells by directed differentiation were produced. Buffaloembryonic stem cells were produced using embryosproduced by Hand-guided cloning and parthenogenesis.Buffalo embryonic stem cells derived from blastocystsproduced by IVF, Handmade cloning and parthenogenesiswere shown to exhibit equivalency in terms of theirpluripotent marker expression. There exists a crosstalkbetween JAK-STAT and MAPK pathway and thatinhibition of LIF signaling caused inhibition ofpluripotency in buffalo embryonic stem cells. WNT3Aworks together with exogenous FGF-2 and LIF, resultingin proliferation of undifferentiated buffalo ES cells and thatWNT3A resulted in formation of scaffold like structureand inhibition of neural cell differentiation in differentiatedbuffalo ES cells. Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) OCT4 orthologexpressed in buffalo embryonic stem cells and its promoterregion were cloned and characterized. Buffalo NANOGgene was cloned and characterized and alternativetranscription start cSites, splicing and polyadenylation wasexamined in buffalo embryonic stem cells.••During the course of in vitro culture, buffalo oocytesand embryos were found to suffer from DNA damage,which could be partly ameliorated by supplementationof culture media with cysteamine. Nitric oxide wasshown to be necessary for optimal embryo development inbuffalo. Lowering the O 2concentration during IVM, IVFand IVC from 20% to 5% or supplementation of IVM andIVC media with cysteamine, an antioxidant, was shown toimprove blastocyst yield, increase the expression of antiapoptoticgenes and decrease that of pro-apoptotic genes.••Single blastomere sexing of goat embryos was carried outby PCR amplification of the SRY gene.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-20127

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••Expression profiling of genes related with transcriptioninitiation helped in defining the Maternal to Embryonictransition event in developing Buffalo embryos to take placeat 8 cell stage was studied. Development ability of buffalofollicular oocytes and early embryos characterized in termsof gene expression events was studied. GDF9 emerged as apotential oocyte competence marker.••Important deviations identified in chronology of embryodevelopment between cattle and buffaloes. Generatedinformation will help in formulating better ART protocolsfor buffalo.••More than 40, so far unknown, genes identified to beexpressed in buffalo oocytes. Some of them have beenfound to be expressed distinctly differently in morecompetent oocytes. These could emerge as potential oocytedeterminant for fertility.••New polymorphic alleles isolated for buffalo κ-casein gene.Buffalo κ-casein exists in two different polymorphic forms.Type B was found to be a predominant (85%) allele over A(15%).••Bovine Y chromosomal haplotyping method was developedbased on Y chromosome based SNPs and indel markers.••A PCR-based method for differentiating A1 and A2κ-casein containing milk was developed.••Buffalo Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5(IGFBP-5) cDNA was sequenced, characterized and overexpressed in bacterial expression system. Also, expressionprofiling of Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins inmilk of cows and buffaloes during lactation.••Buffalo mammary gland protein MGP-40 was cloned,sequenced and over expressed in E. coli and recombinantMGP-40 was prepared.••Polyclonal antibody against MGP-40 was prepared andused for analysis of its expression in milk lactating cows andbuffaloes. This protein is probable biomarker for mastitis.••Mammary epithelial cells from milk were isolated andcharacterized. Proteome reference map and proteomeprofile of milk mammary epithelial cells of cow and buffaloby high throughput Mass Spectrometry were generated.••Regulatory pathway analysis of lactation specific proteinsof bovine mammary epithelial cells associated in lactationfunctions in cows was achieved.••Differentially expressed proteins in lactating cows havingvaried lactation potential (High vs low producing cows)were identified. Also, a differentially expressed proteinshaving potential role in lactation persistency in cows.Further, sequence characterization of 4 differentiallyexpressed proteins in bovine mammary epithelial cellsduring lactation was completed.••Spontaneously transformed buffalo mammary epithelial cellline was established.••Biophysical characterization lactoferrins from differentanimal species was achieved. Protein-protein interactionof lactoferrins from buffalo, cow, goat and camel suggesteddistinct advantage of buffalo lactoferrin for iron releasecapacity at normal gastric pH.••Buffalo xanthine oxidoreductase was purified andcharacterized.Animal Breeding and Genetics: A fewlandmarks...••A Karan Fries cow has produced 8216 kg of milk in alactation period of 415 days during her second lactation.This excellent cow has been produced using importedsemen of a Holstein Friesian bull on a Sahiwal dam.•• A Sahiwal cow has produced 4339 kg of milk in a lactationperiod of 490 days during her first lactation. This cow is thedaughter of Sahiwal bull no. 1404, which has been progenytested under VII Set. Two first calver Sahiwal cows haveproduced >2900 kg, while three first calvers have produced8

3000 kg of milk in a lactation. Presently, 14% Sahiwalcows have their best lactation 305 day milk yields of 3000kg and above.••Highest yielding buffalo namely Karankeerti has produceda peak yield of 23.3 kg in a day and produced 4428 kgof milk in a lactation period of 427 days during her firstlactation. This record holder buffalo is the daughter ofMurrah bull no. 4915, which has been declared proven bullunder Set VII.••The performance recording including information on daily,weekly and monthly test day milk yields and part lactationFig. Observed and predicted WTDMYs (kg) for inverse polynomialfunction in Sahiwal cattlerecords of the daughters of Sahiwal, KF and Murrahbulls was done. The test day lactation curve models weredeveloped using daily, weekly and monthly test day milkyields and part lactation records for predicting monthly andtotal lactation milk yields in organized herds and underfield conditions.••Two sets each of Sahiwal (11 bulls) and KF (17 bulls) andthree sets of Murrah bulls (43 bulls) were evaluated duringthe period. Out of these bulls, 4 Sahiwal, 5 KF and 3Murrah bulls were selected as proven bulls with their EBVsranging from 1641-1917 kg, 3228-4144 kg and 1972-2116kg, respectively; while their superiority over herd averageranged from 9.33-27.73%, 12.00-16.70% and 8.41-17.26%,respectively.••During 2007-2011, a total of 2152 KF and 2325 Murrahfemale progeny were born from bulls under field conditions.••The growth bands were constructed for male and femalecalves using 26 weeks body weight in Sahiwal calves.Average daily weight gain from birth to twenty six weeks (6months) of age was 339 g/day in female calves and 333.5 g/day in male calves.••The different methods of sire evaluation namelycontemporary comparison, least squares, simple regressedleast squares, BLUP and DFREML were used to evaluatesires. The single trait DFREML was more efficient thanmulti trait DFREML for estimating the breeding value ofSahiwal sires for FL305DMY, individual third month milkyield and cumulative 90 days milk yield.••For prediction of first lactation 305-day milk yield inSahiwal cattle, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) andArtificial Neural Network (ANN) models were developedusing body weights at different ages as independentvariables and FL305DMY as dependent variable andthe accuracy of fitting both models was compared. It wasinterpreted that ANN was comparatively more accurate topredict FL305DMY using body weights in Sahiwal cattle.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-20129

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••Cytogenetical investigation revealed gross anomalies of sexchromosomes in reproductively deficient animals and twinborn calves. A case of male sexual behaviour was found inan intersex-crossbred goat.••Sahiwal Cattle exhibited two genotypes of IL-8 gene (578bp fragment from 3205-3783 nt containing exon 4 and3’UTR) by PCR-RFLP using Dra 1 restriction enzymewith frequencies of C and D alleles as 0.846 and 0.154respectively.••PCR-RFLP analysis using Dra 1 restriction enzyme ofexon 4 of IL 8 gene in Murrah buffaloes exhibited three(AA, AB and BB) genotypes. However, these genotypesindicated non-significant association with incidence ofmastitis in Murrah buffaloes.••Identification of Factor XI gene deficiency in Sahiwal andKaran Fries cattle revealed that the herds are free from theFactor XI gene deficiency.••DNA polymorphism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4) geneusing PCR-RFLP analysis in Sahiwal cattle and Murrahbuffalo was observed in various exons and the geneticvariants were found to be associated with mastitis.••AA genotype of exon 12 of CARD 15 gene in Murrahbuffalo was found to be more resistant to mastitis.Whereas, association of polymorphic patterns of CARD 15gene in Sahiwal cattle with incidence of mastitis was foundto be non- significant.Record milk production by buffalo at theInstituteBuffalo No.5517 was observed to have a high potential formilk production as it yielded 4425.5 kg of milk in its firstlactation in 427 days of lactation and a yield of 3812.5 kg in305 days. This buffalo was challenged to produce at its highestin its second lactation. The challenge feeding was started onemonth before the expected date of calving and it continuedKaran Keertiup to the peak production. Feeding of good quality green anddry fodders along with standard concentrate mixture fortifiedwith by-pass fats (full fat soybean meal), herbal galactogogue(shatavari), jaggery and extra mineral mixture helped inperformance. A daily yield of 23.3 kg was recorded in thisbuffalo on 20.11.09 in the 57th day of lactation. However, apeak yield of 25.1 kg was recorded on 63rd day of lactation.This was the highest daily yield of a buffalo so far recorded inthe history of Institute. This buffalo was, therefore, named asKaran Keerti.Improved estrus response and fertility in acyclicbuffalo heifersDelayed age at sexual maturity is one of the major problemsassociated with poor reproductive efficiency in buffaloes. Oncontrary to Egyptian buffaloes, which attain sexual maturityat an early age, Murrah buffaloes reach sexual maturity atthe age of 31 – 36 months. Different protocols were used toadvance the age at puberty in buffaloes but the response waspoor to the hormonal protocols. Low fertility with estrusinduction protocols is yet another but the most significantproblems in buffalo heifers. Experience and earlier researchfindings shows that the estrus response and fertility toOvsynch protocol was higher in buffaloes with good body10

condition. It was assumed that conditioning buffalo heifersby proper deworming, Vitamin and Mineral supplementationwould increase the effect of estrus induction protocol. Forthis purpose, 30 acyclic Murrah buffalo heifers (crossed thenormal age of sexual maturity and acyclicity was confirmedusing progesterone levels and ultrasound evaluation twotimes at 11 days interval) were used for experimentation.For one group of heifers the Ovsynch protocol (Buserelinacetate 10µg on day 0 and day 9, Cloprostenol sodium 500µg on day 7) was applied directly without any dewormingor supplementation of Vitamins or Minerals. In this group,only 3 heifers responded to the treatment (heifers showedestrus) but none conceived. Heifers in other group wereadministered with Vitamin A (30 lakh IU), D3 (10 lakh IU)& E (500 mg), phosphorus (2g) per heifer and Ivermectin(0.2 mg/kg body weight). In this group, only one heifershowed estrus signs within a month after treatment. In thethird group, the heifers were first administered with VitaminA, D3, E, phosphorus, Ivermectin and one month laterOvsynch protocol was applied. In this group, 90 of heifersresponded to the treatment and 47 heifers conceived in firstinsemination and 45 conceived after second inseminationleading to an overall conception rate of 71 These resultsdemonstrate that estrus induction can be achieved in noncyclicbuffalo heifers and conditioning the buffalo heifersbefore application of exogenous hormones improves theestrus response and fertility. This protocol has substantialpotential to augment estrus in non-cyclic buffalo heifers,especially under field conditions where the heifers aregenerally neglected in terms of body conditioning.••Total Mixed Ration feeding in growing KF heifers waseffective in achieving higher growth rate (upto 700g/d) forattaining early sexual maturity (16-18months).••One (KF) and 2 weeks (Sahiwal and Murrah) prepartumtraining in the milking parlour helped to improve theproductive performance and milking temperament of firstcalf heifers.••In KF calves aged 1-6 months, replacing skimmed milkwith soya and maize based milk replacer was effective inreducing the cost of calf rearing without adversely affectingthe growth rateTheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Better Housing and Fertility ManagementPracticesFeeding of young calves with surplus colostrums, whole milkdiluted with Dahi (1:1) and probiotics supplement improvedthe growth rate and reduced morbidity and mortality.Conditioning protocol before applying estrus induction protocol and thebuffalo heifers conceived through this procedure11

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••The mist and fan cooling was very effective in amelioratingthe impact of heat stress in KF cows by maintainingthe milk production and feed consumption of lactatingcrossbred cows during hot dry and hot-humid seasons.••Higher concentrate allowances in the ration along witheffective evaporative cooling system was the best strategyto maximize production of crossbred cows under hotenvironmental conditions.••The feeding of 50-60 gm mineral mixture, 100 gm mustardoil and 750 gm protected mustard oil cake daily in the rationof high yielding animals under rural households helpedincrease average daily milk yield in cattle and buffaloes.••Provision of sand bedding and rubber mats to KF cowsduring winter significantly improved milk production andresting and feeding behaviour.••Additional feeding of high energy during early postpartumin high yielding KF cows was effective in ensuringhigher feed intake, higher peak milk production, betterreproductive efficiency and persistency.••It was established that the marked depression in theimmunity of dairy cows and buffaloes during peripartumperiod as reflected by the decreased phagocytic activity andlymphocyte proliferation index of neutrophils could belargely restored by supplemental feeding of Vitamin E, Cuand Zinc during one month pre and postpartum period.••Somatic cell counts of indigenous and crossbred cows andbuffaloes under farm and field conditions as well as underhand and machine milking practices have been standardizedand prediction equations to predict milk loss from SCCvalues developed.••The cows under evaporative cooling (fan + water sprinkler)consume significantly higher dry matter, total digestiblenutrients and crude protein. The milk yield increasesignificantly when the cows are provided with fan and watersprinkler.••Vocalization pattern in buffaloes: Acoustic features fromdifferent Murrah buffaloes in different conditions differedsignificantly (p

••Supplementation of micronutrients improves the udderhealth by reducing milk SCC, percent neutrophils ofmilk. and milk yield. Micronutrient supplementation alsoincreased the total immunoglobulin secreted in colostrums.••Freezing protocols were standardized for successfulfreezing of indigenous, crossbred and buffalo semen andmanagemental interventions evolved for augmentingfertility in sub fertile bulls. Cryopreservation processinduces alterations in protein tyrosine phosphorylation(PTP) pattern of boar spermatozoa.••Dynamics of PTP in “live” boar and bull spermatozoaduring the process of cryopreservation was studied andit was found that the “cooling” and not “freezing” initiatesthe PTP in substantial proportion of spermatozoa. Anovel concept that modulating this particular proportionof spermatozoa in an ejaculate would result in improvedfreezability and the post-thaw fertility was put forth.••Owing to the differential biochemical compositionof portions of boar ejaculate, it was assumed that thespermatozoa in different portions might differ in theirability to undergo capacitation-like changes. First 10 ml ofejaculate differed from the rest of the sperm rich fraction.••A new triple-stain flow cytometric method forsimultaneous assessment of cAMP and protein tyrosinephosphorylation in cryopreserved boar spermatozoa wasdeveloped.••Simultaneously assessment of cAMP and protein tyrosinephosphorylation (PTP) in a given spermatozoa usingflow cytometry was achieved. Spermatozoa displayinga particular pattern of PTP bind to the oocyte and arerelated to the fertility.••Two freezing methods (conventional-CF and simplified- SFmethod) for their effect on the ability of boar spermatozoato undergo protein tyrosine phosphorylation in responseto oviductal fluid (ODF) were compared and it was foundthat the method of freezing significantly affect the PTPin spermatozoa in response to ODF. These results areimportant in designing a suitable protocol for freezing ofboar and bull spermatozoa.••The poor quality ejaculates are very high in crossbred bulls(48 %).••Effect of management and processing interventions onpreservability of sub-fertile crossbred bull semen wasstudied.••Supplementing the bulls with Vitamin E significantlyimproved the quality of the ejaculate as well as itspreservability.••Behavioural and biochemical bio-markers that couldpredict post-partum metritis in crossbred cows wereidentified. Behavioural markers include reduced feedingtime and feeding bouts and increased inactive standingtime during near term are good indicators of postpartummetritis. Biochemical markers include elevationof NEFA, BHBA and NEFA:Total cholesterol ratio andlow concentration of glucose and total cholesterol duringlast 2-3 weeks of gestation is associated with post-partummetritis development.••In Sahiwal cows, the mounting behaviour is less intenseand expressed for shorter duration making this behaviourless conclusive in detection of estrus cows. Tumefactionof vulva, reddening of vulvar mucus membrane, mucusdischarge, chin resting and sniffing/licking could be betterpredictor of ovulation time in this breed of cattle.Biochemical/ Bio-technological and Bio-Nanotechnologicalinterventions...• • The fertility of cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa wasimproved in presence of additives like Taurine, Trehaloseas assessed by post thaw motility, sperm and viability,membrane integrity, total antioxidant status and in vitrocapacitation. The apoptotic changes in buffalo spermatozoaTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201213

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012contribute significantly towards cell death in addition tonecrotic cell death. Cysteine hydrochloride was also foundto be potential cryoprotectant to regulate capacitation likechanges in cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa.••The new soyamilk extender significantly protected thebuffalo spermatozoa against oxidative stress (P

gene expression in buffalo placenta of different stages ofgestation.••A new method was developed to prepare stable goldnanoparticles (GMPs). As compared GMPs prepared bycitrate reduction method, GMP prepared by new methodprovides nearly 5 fold more stability towards NaCl.••Scanning electron microscopy of buffalo spermatozoaloaded with europium oxide nanoparticles revealed theirattachment to membrane surface as well as their entry inthe head and tail of spermatozoa. Dose dependent increasein DNA damage with nanoparticles was also observed bysperm chromatin dispersion test.••The effect of TiO2 and Eu2O3 nanoparticles on membraneand DNA integrity of buffalo spermatozoa was elucidated.TiO2 nano particles (NPs) decreases sperm viability at100 μg/mL but not at 1 and 10 μg/ml Eu2O3 NPs didnot affect viability, capacitation and acrosome reactionof spermatozoa. TiO2 concerntration 10 &100 μg/mLdecreases membrane integrity. Eu2O3 NPs did not affectmembrane integrity of spermatozoa.••After application of nano-TiO2 formulation on mice,NPs were observed in the skin and testis sections bytransmission electron microscopy.••Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from mouse adiposewere isolated, proliferated and differentiated into matureadipocyte, osteocytes and chondrocytes. Colony formingcapacity of MSCs established. These cell lines aremaintained upto 5 passages.Colony forming assay••During proliferation of MSCs from subcutaneous andvisceral adipose depots, expression of CD34, CD73, CD81, CD 90, CD 105 and CD 146 surface markers andstem cell antigen-1 (sca 1) and preadipocyte factor 1 ( pref1) marker has been established. However, CD 5 wass notexpressed.••Proliferation and differentiation of brown adipocytes frommouse established. Differentiation process resulted inBrown adipocyte at Proliferation stageTheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Stem cell inproliferation stageMature adipocytesOsteocytesBrown adipocyte at Differentiation stage15

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012accumulation of numerous multilocular lipid droplets. Duringproliferation Hox A1, HoxA5, Hox C4, HoxC8, Gpc4, Sfrp2,Shox2, Thbd, En1, Tbx15, Nr2f1 developmental gene andpref1 marker were expressed. However, HoxB1 and HoxA2developmental genes were not expressed.Improved Feeding Strategies and EfficientNutrient Utilization for Enhanced Productivity••Bypass fat supplementation at 2.5% of DMI increased milkproduction and proportion of unsaturated fatty acids inmilk fat in high yielding cows. Bypass fat also reduced thetime required for involution of uterus and commencementof cyclicity, service/ conception and incidence of metrits.••Calcium hydroxide and ferric choloride treatments andfungal treatments (Pleurotus ostreatus) were developed forreducing the tannins of tanniferrous feeds such as babulpods and mango seed kernel. Amongst different isolatesresistant to high tannin contents Enterococcus faecalies fromthe goats faeces GF-2 was found most promising usingtannins from babool pods.••Anaerobic rumen fungi from neelgai were isolated and thetrans-inoculation of selective fungi was found beneficialfor improving the utilization of poor quality roughages inbuffaloes.••Feeding of lactating cow and buffaloes on sole greenfodder diets increased the Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) content in milk. Incorporation of mustard cakein concentrate mixture also favoured higher milk CLAcontents as compared to other oil cakes.••Dual purpose as well as traditional variety of wheat couldbe harvested at 60 days of sowing for fodder purposewithout effecting the grain and straw yield. The nutritivevalue of wheat fodder was found to be high.••Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic and Mercury concentrationin feeds and fodder was within their permissible limits,however, water samples from industrial towns containedhigher Hg content than its permissible limits.••Adverse effects of dietary arsenic can be partly counteractedby vitamin E administration as evidenced from variousblood metabolites.••In vitro cultured methanogens were suspected to bemethanobrevibacter ruminentium and methanomicrobuimmobile in cattle using 16s rDNA method, identifiedsequences matched with methanomicrobium andmethanopyrus kandleri.••Among the plant extracts of neem, mehendi, pudina,dalchini, green chill, and aloe veera emerged as the potentmethane inhibitors. Fumaric and malic acids were alsofound to be effective on methane reduction.•• Significant increase in crude protein, calcium iron, and zinccontent of oats and berseem was found with application offarm yard manure.••Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens could produce conjugated linoleicacid with supplementation of dietary oil as a source oflinoleic acid.••A method was standardized for dietary supplementation offibrolytic enzymes (@ 1.5g/kgDM) for improving nutrientutilization.••Lymphocyte proliferation decreased and SOD expressionincreased with increased dosage of lead and cadmium underin vitro studies indicating increased oxidative stress due toheavy metals exposure.••Vitamin E @ 1000 IU/d, Zn (80ppm) and Cu (20ppm)supplementation during transition period was found tobe beneficial to reduce oxidative stress, improve immunestatus, reduce the incidence of mastitis and improvemilk production as well as reproductive performance ofcrossbred cows.• • Addition of sulphur @ 0.22% in the diet of buffalo calvesfed wheat straw based complete feed blocks containing16

fungal zoospores of Neocallimastix sp. GR-1 improved thegrowth rate, digestibility of proximate principles and rumenfermentation.••Administration of 50 ppm Pb to goat kids did notcause any significant adverse effect on blood parameters.Supplementation of Zn had beneficial effect in lowering theadverse effects of Pb.••In vitro studies showed positive response to highsynchronous diets in terms of higher microbial proteinsynthesis and rumen fermentation pattern.••Blood Se concentration and erythrocyte GPx activity werefound to be good indicators of Se status of animals.••Pentasulphate mixture @ 9g/100 kg body weight andArsenic @ 40ppm of diet were effective in alleviatingchronic selenosis in buffaloes.••On farm trials of feeding tannins from babul pods @4.5%in concentrate mixture proved beneficial in reducing thenumber of gastro intestinal nematodes in grazing sheep.Impact of Climate Change on AnimalProductivity••The Temperature humidity Index (THI) map based onaverage temperature and humidity observed at differentplaces of India was developed. The THI scenario indicatesthat majority of places in India observe THI > 75 and morethan 85% places in India experience moderate to high heatstress during April, May and June and THI range between75-85 at 2.00 PM. At about 25% places in India duringMay and June the THI exceed 85 i.e. severe stress levels.All India Temperature Humidity Index (THI) maps forbaseline and 2030 indicates a temperature rise and changein THI in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat,Rajasthan and other states of India based on the regionalclimate model PRECIS A1B scenario.••Climate change scenario constructed for India revealedthat temperature rise of about or more than 4˚C is likelyto increase uncomfortable days (THI>80) from existing40 days (10.9%) to 104 days (28.5%) for HADCM 3 - A2scenario and 89 days for B2 scenario for time slices 2080-2100.••The negative impact of temperature rise on total milkproduction for India was estimated about 1.6 milliontons in 2020 and more than 15 million tons in 2050. TheNorthern India is likely to experience more negative impactof climate change on milk production of both cattle andbuffaloes due to rise in temperature during 2040-2069 and2070-2099.••Induction of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) in lymphocytesof Sahiwal has indicated that thermo tolerance in Sahiwalis due to induction of HSP and low induction makescrossbreds thermal intolerant. HSP induction in buffaloeshas also been observed to be of low magnitude duringthermal stress.••The total methane emitted due to enteric fermentation andmanure management of 485 million heads of livestock hasbeen worked out at 9.37 Tg/annum for the year 2003. Themajor contributors to methane emission were Indigenous,Crossbred Cattle and Buffalo accounting 40%, 8%, and40%, respectively. Lactating animals comprising of buffaloesand cattle contributed 3.42 Tg with a major share of 2.04Tg from lactating buffaloes. Draught animals contributionto global warming is significant and they emit about 1.2 Tgmethane /annum.Improved Fertility Management...• • Ovsynch protocol for fertility improvement was successfullyapplied in anestrus and repeat breeding buffaloes belongingto farmers of different villages. A new protocol “HeatsynchProtocol” for estrus synchronization and fixed timeTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201217

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012insemination was evaluated in terms of endocrine changes,timing of ovulation and conception rates in both summerand winter seasons. Heat Synch protocol for induction ofovulation followed by A.I. resulted in 62% pregnancies inanestrous buffaloes under field conditions.••The fibroblast cells were successfully transfected withGreen Fluorescence Protein (GFP) gene by lipofection andelectroporation techniques.••Phagocyting ability of the milk neutrophils was estimatedand found to be lowest during early lactation, followedby late and mid lactation. Maximum in vitro phagocyticactivity (P

effect of CLA involves decreased biosynthesis of fatty acidin adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. Dietary calciumdecreased serum cholesterol. Excessive dietary intake ofCLA caused fatty liver and spleen enlargement.••A significant difference in body weights and cumulativebody weight gains was observed by supplementation of highfat diet (HFD) with prebiotic fibers (inulin and β-glucan)as compared to control animals (HFD mice). β-Glucanfeeding exhibited lower neuronal activation in differentappetite centers of brain in comparison to inulin suggestinga higher satiating effect of β-glucan consumption.••Among the eight different strains of potential probioticlactobacilli studied, L. casei NCDC 19 was found to be agood strain on the basis of ACE inhibitory as well as extentof proteolysis during fermentation of milk. Supplementationof skim milk with Aloe vera resulted in enhancement of ACEinhibitory activity in fermented milk, and also effective inincreasing the viable counts of probiotic in fermented milk.••Caseinophosphopeptides isolated from cow and buffalomilk enhanced both systemic as well as mucosal immunityand exhibited protective effect against ovalbumin inducedIgE mediated allergy in experimental mouse. The osteogenicpotential of casein hydrolysate was also established.••Comparative evaluation of hyperimmune properties ofmilk in mouse model revealed, 1.8 and 1.67 folds lesser(P

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Novel features of process:••Cost effective•••••••• Better sensitivity• Semi quantitative detection• No false positive/ negative results• Insensitivity towards detergents & sanitizers• Consistency in color development in 3 hrs• Validated with AOAC approved Charm 6602 system• Wide spectrum of application for different type of types ofmilkAntimicrobial Packaging (AMP) System DevelopedA bacteriocin based antimicrobial packaging (AMP) systemwas developed using casein as a binder. Shelf life extension ofkhoa and paneer was achieved using such an AMP system.A bacteriocin-based preparation developed forthe treatment of bovine mastitis.A bacteriocin-based preparation was developed for itspotential use in the treatment of bovine mastitis.0 Day 5 DayIntramammary infusion of the bacteriocin based preparation in mastitic animals resulted in drastic improvement in milkSomatic Cell Count within 3–5 days of treatmentDevelopment of a Real Time Spore BasedBioassay for Monitoring Aflatoxin M1 in MilkReal Time Spore Based Bioassay for Monitoring AflatoxinM1 in Milk was developed. The assay showed excellentperformance in natural milk or spiked milk sample with widerange of application with different types of milk and milkproducts like raw milk (cow, buffalo, mixed), heat treated milk(toned / standardized, double toned, full cream milk) anddried powders (skimmed milk powder, milk powder, infantfood etc). The spore inhibition based-enzyme substrate assaya b cColour grade for Aflatoxin M1a) ≥ 0.5 ppb of codex limit with no colour change; b) 0.25-0.5ppb withslight colour change; c) Negative sample with sky blue colour change20

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012(SIB-ESA) has the potential for its commercial applicationfor routine monitoring of milk for Aflatoxin M1 under Indiancondition of milk production and processing.Microbiological interventions for improvedhuman health...••Putative probiotic strains of Indigenous lactobacilliviz.Lp21, Lp43, Lp55, Lp57, Lp9, Lp91 and CH4demonstrated strong antioxidative properties andsignificantly up regulated the expression of SOD2, GPx-1and CAT genes in HT-29 cells in vitro and hence can beexplored as novel antioxidants to protect the host againstoxidative stress induced diseases.••The indigenous probiotic lactobacillus strain Lf1 exhibiteda protective role in DSS induced colitis in mice based onimprovement in DAI, histological scores, decrease in MDAlevels and increase in the expression of SOD2and TrxR-I.••Another potential indigenous probiotic lactobacillus strainLp91 exhibited strong immuno-modulatory propertiesunder in vivo conditions in mice colitis model••Lp91 significantly reduced the plasma total cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides by 18, 27 and 27% in SDrats fed on high cholesterol diet through the mediation ofBsh activity••Two of the putative indigenous Lactobacillus strains Lp9and Lp91 not only survived at acidic pH and high bile saltconcentrations, but also possessed strong hydrophobicityand adherence property to support their effectivecolonization in the gut.••Lp9 and Lp91 also boosted the immune response bymodulating the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatorycytokines, mucin barrier function along with othersignaling molecules in HT-29 cells under different sets ofexperimental conditions.21

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••Process for preparation of carbonated lassi, vitamin B12rich propioni-yoghurt, mannitol production from whey,symbiotic herbal yoghurt, folate rich dahi, bioethanol fromwhey, symbiotic kulfi and spray dried micro encapsulatedprobiotic lacto bacilli was developed.••Investigation on anti-cancerous probiotics showed thatprobiotic fermented milk has preventive action of AFB1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.••Technology for production of multiple strains probioticdirect vat set cultures for preparation of short set Dahi wasdeveloped. The DVS has shelf life of one year at 7°C inglass ampoules and EVOH pouches.••In vitro observations reveal that Lb. bulgaricus LB-2 reducecholesterol to the tune of 43%••Process and cultural parameters were standardized forproduction of synbiotic Misti Dahi and Yoghurt usinginulin as prebiotic with enhanced shelf life of >35 days.••Spore inhibition based assay for Aflatoxin M1 on gold chipsurface has been developed••Process was optimized for production of antifungalbacteriocin like substance (BLIS) from the lactobacillus.The BLIS was partially purified and further used for thepreservation of the paneer and other milk products.••Antimicrobial bioactive peptides were produced from milkproteins from whey and sodium caseinate fermentate usingproteolytic lactobacilli. The molecular wt. of the peptideswas 10 KDa which possess broad spectrum antimicrobialactivity towards gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.••A functional probiotic whey drink was developed havingantimicrobial and antioxidative activity.••Whey based cost effective media for culturing, biomassproduction and enumeration for Lactobacillus spp.equivalent to MRS medium was formulated.••Optimum conditions for biomass production of L. caseiNCDC 298 under batch, fed batch and continuousculturing systems in whey based media were standardized.••Spore Germination based bioassay for detection ofEnterococci on sensor disc/Gold chip: The spore basedbio-assay using esculin as marker-enzyme substrate wasdeveloped with assay i.e. sodium azide & esculin basedmedium (EBSAM) within real time of 8 + 2 hrs. Thebioassay was also carried out by immobilizing spores onGold chip based on IOD which increased form 7.069+1.30to 14.493+1.41.A new simple and rapid test for detection ofdetergent in milk developedA simple colour based test for detection of detergent in milkwas developed. The test is sensitive enough to detect presenceof 20 mg laboratory grade detergent in 100 ml milk implyingthat even 2 liters of synthetic milk added to 100 liters of milkcan be easily detected. The test is colour based and results areavailable just after mixing of reagents and milk samples. Thetest can detect all brands of commercial detergents available inthe market. The test does not require use of any equipmentand the cost of ingredient used for preparation of test reagentis very low.Quantitative method for estimation of levels ofdetergent in milkA method for quantitative estimation of anionic detergentin milk was developed. The linear relationship between theabsorbance and the detergent concentration in milk wasobserved up to 80 mg L-1 and 300 mg L-1 in SDBS (sodiumdodecylbenzensulfonate) and Labolene, respectively and thecalculated value of correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.99. Themethod was validated in milk samples by spiking milk samples22

Rapid method for detection of vegetable oils inghee••A rapid colorimetric test for detection of vegetable oiladulteration in ghee has been developed.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Rapid method for the detection of detergent in milk indicating purple andblue colour in lower layer in pure and adulterated milk.with different levels (150, 400 and 800 mg L-1 labolene) ofdetergent. The recovery was quantitative.A Test for Detection of 'Soyamilk' in Milk••A colour based test was developed to detect adultration ofsoya milkup to 2.5% in milk.Rapid method for the detection of detergent in milk indicating purple andblue colour in lower layer in pure and adulterated milk.Rapid method for the detection of detergent in milk indicating purple andblue colour in lower layer in pure and adulterated milk.••Two simple enzymatic colour based methods forascertaining the heat treatment of milk around 80°Cwere developed based on the development of colour whensubstrates of GGTP or LPO added to milk samples. Activeenzymes result in formation of pink coloured productsin both cases. Absence of pink colour indicates enzymeis inactivated during heat treatment. Results indicatethat at 80°C, there is no formation of pink colour thus,indicating the complete destruction of both GGTP andLPO. However, in raw milk as well as in milk heated atother temperatures (65° to 75°C), a distinct pink colourformation was observed, which can be distinguishedvisually. These methods are simple, rapid (5-10 min) andcan be adapted by the dairy industry as indicator of heattreatment of milk around 80°C.••Methods for estimation of beta-cyclodextrin andcholesterol were standardized.23

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Technology Developed••Technologies for preparaton of low cholesterol gheecolostrum powder, strawberry fortified dahi and wheylemon beverage were developed.••Technology for the preparation of artificially sweetenedlassi, flavoured milk, burfi and kalakand was developed•• Technology was developed for high antioxidant based fruitwhey beverages.••A laboratory scale process was developed for calciumfortification of milk. Thermal stability and calciumbioavailability of such milk was studied. The technologywas transferred to Bihar state cooperative milk producersfederation Ltd., Patna for Rs 1.0 lakhs.Basic and Evaluation Studies••Two antioxidant peptides with peptide sequencesVKEAMAPK β-casein f (98-105) and HIQKEDVPSERalpha-s1-casein [precursor] f (95-105) were isolated fromCheddar cheese made with adjunct culture L.casei ssp. casei 300.••Evaluated antioxidant activity of skim milk with addedWhey protein hydrolysates••The cheese prepared with adjunct culture ( Lactobacilluscasei ssp. casei 300) showed higher sensory score,antioxidant activity and level of caseinophosphopeptidesduring ripening period of 3 to 4 months as compared tocontrol cheese without adjunct culture.• Buffalo and cow milk casein and their fractions differedsignificantly (P b-> k-casein• Enzymatic hydrolysis of casein, resulted in increase inantioxidant activity• But no significant difference (P < 0.05) in theantioxidant activity of hydrolysates••Comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity of buffaloand cow milk casein and their hydrolysates wasd achieved.••Developed a simple color test for detection of melaminein milk using gold nanoparticle with the detection limit inmilk 100-200 ppm.••Analytical methods i.e. HPLC/HPTLC were developedfor the quantification of artificial sweetners viz. saccharin,acesulfame K, aspartame and sucralose in dairy productsviz. flavoured milk, lassi, burfi and kalakand. Exceptaspartame, all other sweeteners were stable duringstorage at least up to 7 days. Aspartame degraded toaspartylphenylalanine at day 5 during storage of flavouredmilk.Peptide sequences established••Twelve peptides have been identified from the whey proteinhydrolysates optimized for max. ACE Inhibitory activity,out of which eight peptides are known ACE Inhibitorypeptides.••The incorporation of WPHs in the ice-cream (@1 percent)raised its antioxidant activity by 55% and over-run was26.6% times higher than that of control.••Addition of herb extracts of withania somnifera(Ashwagandha), asparagus racemosus (Shatavari), puerariatuberosa (Vidarikand) to ghee had a significant effect onoxidative stability of ghee. Antioxidative behaviour of herbsis more effective than Green tea extract and comparable withrosemary extract but less effective than BHA and TBHQ.24

••10 peptides have been identified from the FlavourzymeWhey protein Hydrolysates (WPH) optimised for Max.ACE Inhibitory activity, out which 8 peptides are knownACE Inhibitory peptides. These fragments are β- lg(92-100), β- lg(9 -14), β- lg(84-91), β- lg(125-135), α- la(99-107), pp- 3(66-71), pp- 3(141-153), pp- 3(141-152),β-cn(203-209), β- cn(108-113) and αs1- cn(24-34).••8 peptides have been identified from the FlavourzymeWhey protein Hydrolysates (WPH) optimised for Max.antioxidant activity, out which 3 peptides are knownantioxidant peptides. These peptides are β- lg(92-100),β- lg(9 -14), β- lg(84-91), β- lg(125-135), α- la(99-107),pp- 3(66-71), , β-cn(203-209), β- cn(108-113) and αs1-cn(24-34)••Casein was hydrolysed with crude proteinase preparationfrom L helveticus NCDC288 to produce hydrolysate withantioxidant activity. Fraction 4 from HPLC exhibitinghighest antioxidant activity was further separatedand sequenced by LCMS. Following the sequenceinterpretation, the first peptide GVSKVKEAMAPKmatched with sequence ß-Casein (94-105) and the secondpeptide RPKHPIKHQGLPQ matched with sequence-CN (1 – 13).Caseinophosphopeptides Enriched Ingredientfrom Buffalo Casein••The process for production of caseinophosphopeptidesby hydrolyzing buffalo casein with digestive enzyme wasoptimized. A method for the enrichment of CPPs wasdeveloped by using membrane filtration. The productcontains phosphopeptides of buffalo casein i.e. αs1 -CN(37-58), αs1 -CN (35-58), αs1 -CN (43-58), αs2-CN(2-21), β-CN(2-27).These sequences matched withalready known sequences in the literature and identified asmineral binding and anticariogenic peptides.••In-vivo studies showed that the antioxidative enzymes(AOE) viz, Catalase, Superoxide dismutase andGlutathione peroxidase activities in RBC lysates and liverhomogenates were increased significantlyin the Wheyprotein hydrolysates ( WPH) fed group as compare tocontrol after 15 and 30 days.Thrust on New Product DevelopmentNew products were developed such as long life milk cake, brownpeda, whey-based lassi like beverage, milk cereal based fermentedfoods, natural banana flavoured milk, mango lassi with extendedshelf life. New functional dairy products such as ProbioticCheese, Probiotic Dahi, Sports Drinks, Low Cholesterol Ghee,Herbal Ghee, Ice cream and Burfi for diabetics were developedwith potential to improve human health.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201225

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Advancements in Convenient DairyProductsA number of new technologies for serving ready made indigenous,convenient & widely acceptable dairy products in dry formwere standardized for preparation of “Kheer” and “Ras malai”.Ready-to-Reconstitute Paneer Curry MixA process was developed for milk chocolate with encapsulatedcells. Similarly, modified atmosphere packaging of mozzarellacheese was developed. Cow skim milk using ultrafiltration and itspotentiality as dairy whitner was also established.Instant Rasmalai MixStandardization of Technology for theManufacture of Kradi using Cultures NCDC 167and NCDC 144A technology was standardized after thorough marketsurvey of this product in different regions of J & K andafter subjecting the market samples to descriptive sensoryanalysis, physico-chemical, microbiological, textural,mechanical, functional & instrumental colour analysis.The standardization trials with two Response SurfaceMethodology designs (four factor CCRD) were carried outto develop manufacturing technology with culture NCDC167 and NCDC 144, respectively.The product was found better thanmarket samples of any region incomparison to sensory analysis,physico-chemical, microbiological,textural, mechanical, functional &instrumental colour analysis. Thedeveloped technology could becommercially utilized for large scaleVacuum packaged Kradimanufacture of this product.Quarg Type Fresh Cheese with Enhanced HealthAttributes and Shelf Life DevelopedQuarg type fresh cheese with enhanced health attributes andshelf life was developed. Trials were conducted to preparequarg cheese using starter culture, rennet and employinggravity filtration for separation of curd. The effects of twomicrobial rennets viz Meito and Fromase with differentlevels of their additionon sensory, physicochemicaland texturalcharacteristics wereinvestigated. The studyrevealed that smallamount of rennet additionresulted in desired qualityof cheese. The higherlevels of rennet resulted incoarse and very firm bodyand texture defect andBuffalo Milk Quarg Cheesebland taste.26

Development of Technology for Long ShelfLife Paneer through Modified AtmospherePackagingA technology was standardized to increase the shelf life ofpaneer by employing Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)technique. The paneer samples were evaluated for changesin physico-chemical, textural, microbiological, and sensorycharacteristics. Modified atmosphere packaging of paneerresulted in significant increase in shelf-life.Development of Technology for Manufactureof Feta Cheese with Enhanced FunctionalAttributes from Buffalo MilkA technology was developed to manufacture good quality Fetacheese with enhanced functional attributes from buffalo milk.In order to obtain an acceptable quality Feta cheese, variousprocessing parameters such as C/F ratios, heat- treatments,type and level of Starter culture, level of rennet, brinecondition, level of rennet and brine concentration were studied.Feta and commercial Feta cheese with advantages of higheryield and without adding additives. Augmentation of starterwith starter adjunct like L. helveticus and L. casei had furtherimproved the quality of buffalo milk Feta cheese. Attemptswere also made to reduce the sodium content by replacementFeta Cheeseof NaCl by KCI. The study revealed that replacement up to30% could be done without adversely affecting the quality ofbuffalo milk Feta cheese.Bajra Lassi (Milk-Pearl Millet Based FermentedBeverage)A technology was developed for manufacture of Bajra Lassi(Milk-Pearl Millet Based fermented Beverage) using milksolids and pearl millet which possess health attributes.Development of Bajra lassi is based on the selection of milksolids source; selection of level, form & stage of addition ofpearl millet solids; fermentation conditions and stabilizationof developed product in terms of preventing sedimentationand wheying-off in the product during storage. Althoughthe traditional product is prepared from sour buttermilk, yetkeeping in view the suitability for industrial production andeasy availability, skim milk or standardized milk was selectedas source of milk solids for development of the beverage. Pearlmillet solids are added to milk in three different forms viz. a)raw flour obtained from milling pearl millet grains, b) slurryobtained by grinding of soaked pearl millet grains and c) flourobtained after grinding of 24 h & 48 h germinated and driedpearl millet grains (malt). The shelf life could be enhancedfrom 7 days to 35 and 28 days at refrigeration storage byadding Potassium sorbate and Nisin or MicroGARD,respectively.Anti-Anaemic Properties and Storage Stability ofIron Fortified Biscuits from a Composite Dairy-Cereal MixA protocol was standardized to manufacture biscuits fromcomposite wheat-pearl millet flour in combination withvaluable dairy ingredients such as whey solids and enrichedwith a suitable iron fortificant selected on the basis of sensoryevaluation. The iron fortified biscuit contained 6.53 mg ironTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201227

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012per 100 g. The other nutrients present were 18.81% fat,12.23% protein, 1.13% ash, 1.42 crude fiber, 3.2% moistureand 63.28% carbohydrates. The product showed storagestability up to 4 months without any significant change inthe sensory as well as nutritional attributes. In vivo trials onWistar rats indicated that the iron fortified biscuits helpedto maintain the haematic status of normal animals and repairthat of anaemic ones. Biological indices (apparent digestibilitycoefficient, retention of iron and percentage retention of iron)were greater in anaemic rats than in normal ones indicatingthat the iron bio-availability is dependent on the iron status ofthe body. The haemoglobin concentration (mg/dl) increasedsignificantly by about 25% and 70% in normal and anaemicrats respectively. Ferritin concentration in the blood plasmaalso increased. The cost of manufacture of the product wasestimated as Rs. 17 per 100 g of the product.Iron fortified biscuits from a composite dairy-cereal mix••Technology for whey based sports beverage was developed.The beverage was formulated to deliver carbohydrate as wellas electrolytes. Another variant of sports beverage based onartificial sweeteners was also developed.••Process for malted milk beverage was optimized.••Process and formulation of WPC and barley malt extractbased Milk Caramel was developed.••Formulation and manufacturing technology for functionaldoda barfi was standardized.••A low cost complementary food formulation and processingtechnology was developed. The complementary foodcontained whey-skim milk in the ratio of 70:30, 20% milletflour, malt extract, and maltodextrin. The product met thestandards as laid down in PFA. The product was furtherfortified with calcium gluoconate at 500 ppm level.••Technologies/ protocols were standardized to produceready-to-reconstitute sorghum-based fermented milkbeverage, medium-fat and full fat liquid dairy whitenersfrom buffalo milk, co-microencapsule probiotic organismswith a prebiotic to increase their stability and viability.••Investigations were conducted to evaluate suitablecryoprotective agents like carbohydrate and protein duringlyophilisation of probiotic direct vat set ferments forproduction of short set dahi.••Methods were standardized to incorporate certain spicessuch as ginger, pepper, cumin, cardamom, turmeric intobutter milk to prepare spiced butter milk drinks. Thesespices are known to have proven health benefits and arecommonly used in Indian kitchen.••Technology was standardized for preparation of artificiallysweetened whey lemon beverage.••Studies were carried out to replace sugar in basundi withnon-conventional sweeteners like sucralose, aspartame andstevia. Investigations were also undertaken to standardisethe technology for production of Shrikhand by usingselected artificial sweeteners.••Method was standardized for the production ofChhana jhili. Superior quality product was obtained bymixing chhana with 15% suji (semolina) to form a batter of60 - 65% moisture.••A technology was developed for high antioxidant basedfruit whey beverages.••The technology for the preparation of Vitamin B12 rich‘Propioni Yoghurt’ containing Propionibacterium was28

developed. Freudenreichii sub sp. freudenreichii PrSo, ahigh Vitamin B12 producer native and novel strain wasdeveloped with a potential to address the problem ofVitamin deficiency and related diseases.••A “folate rich functional dahi” containing a high folateproducing probiotic strain (S. thermophilus RD104) wasdeveloped to be used as a functional dairy food.Design and development using three stageScraped Surface Heat Exchanger (SSHE) system••An integrated three stage thin film scraped surface heatexchanger (TFSSHE) for Khoa Making Machine wasdesigned and fabricated. The capacity evaluation of thesystem indicated that 50 kg/h khoa was produced withbuffalo milk having 6% fat and it could be enhanced to 120kg/h if milk is pre concentrated to 30% T.S.••Three stage three thin film SSHE was designed anddeveloped for continuous manufacture of Khoa was usedfor continuous manufacture of Burfi. The sugar dosingdevice was designed, fabricated and provided at the inletof three stage SSHE to blend sugar with khoa. Machinecapacity is 60 kg/h Burfi and 150 kg/h using concentratedmilk (30% T.S.)Three Stage Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger••Continuous manufacture of Basundi was performed inthree stage thin film scraped surface heat exchanger. Thequality of Basundi so produced was evaluated in termsof proximate composition, physico-chemical and sensoryevaluation. The quality of product was comparable tothe product made by conventional method. The machinecapacity for Basundi manufacture is 165 kg/h.••The performance evaluation of three stage TFSSHEwas made for continuous manufacturing of Rabri. Theprocess and machine parameters were optimized in termsof sensory evaluation and product quality. The machinecapacity for Rabri manufacture is 40 kg/h.Development of In-line production system••Unit operation based system was developed for improvedflavour, colour and texture formation in traditional dairyproduct. A scraped surface heat exchanger and conicalprocess vat was integrated for in-line production of khoa.The quality of khoa was comparable to the product madeby conventional method. For 60 kg batch process timetaken for khoa production in inline system (63 min.) wassignificantly reduced with compared to khoa production inonly conical process vat (140 min.) or jacketed steam kettle(200 min.).••Burfi was manufactured using buffalo milk (6% fat and9% SNF). Milk was concentrated to 45% T.S. in scrapedsurface heat exchanger and was further processed in conicalprocess vat for proper texture development. The quality ofBurfi manufactured was comparable to market sample interms of sensory and textural scores.Development of mechanized system forcontinuous cooling of khoa••A mechanized system was designed and developed forcontinuous cooling of khoa at 60 kg/h from processingTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201229

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012temperature to 34°C. Maximum cooling efficiency of84.30% can be achieved by using chilled water as coolingmedium. Prototype cooling mechanism does not inducechanges in the original texture of the product.Paneer makinggadgetA gadget was designed anddeveloped for handling1.5-3 litres of milk forproduction of uniformquality paneer. Gadget hasinbuilt heating and pressingmechanism.Paneer making gadgetContinuous cooling system for khoaDevelopment of a mechanized system forproduction of Malai LachhaA Flat Plate HeatExchanger (FPHE) wasdesigned and developedfor mechanized productionof Malai Lachha. TheFPHE was providedwith feed cylinder, gearsystem, steam controlvalve, pressure gauge, safetyvalve, air vent and steamtrap. Malai lachha can bemanufactured at 2 kg/husing concentrated milk(30% T.S.).Mechanized system for production ofMalai LachhaDesign and Development of Kinematic Half turnnut pressing mechanism for paneer••A paneer pressing system was designed and developed formedium scale application (5-20 liters of milk per batch).Kinematic half-turn nut (KHTN) pressing mechanism issimple in design and gave excellent performance in relationto moisture content, hardness, density and sensory scores.Paneer made by KHTN pressing mechanism was uniformin quality.••Continuous rasogolla-cooker with machine-vision qualityinspectionwas developed.••Shelf life prediction software for moisture and/or oxygensensitive dairy products, based on product packageenvironmentinteraction was developed.Value Chain AnalysisThe study entitled value chain analysis of milk in high hillstemperate wet zone of Himachal Pradesh conducted in milkshed area of revealed that the cost of milk procurement wasrelatively high very high ranging from Rs. 4.04 to Rs. 6.50 perlitre because of the hilly area. The milk plant was found to beworking at breakeven level. The variable cost of manufacturing30

standard, toned and double toned milk were worked out as Rs.20.19, 18.95 and Rs. 18.76, respectively.Repayment performance of SHGsThe study of factors Influencing Group RepaymentPerformance of loan (micro finance) in Haryana concludedthat if the essence of self help group and cooperation isfostered and monitored properly, the poor can also repay theloan. Peer monitoring, group size and female percentage inthe self help group was found to have positive influence on therepayment performance of the Self Help Groups.Visioning Analysis of Indian Dairy SectorThe visioning analysis for the dairy sector in India indicatedthat overall country will remain net surplus in milk till 2021under all situations of supply and demand. The lowest surpluscould be 1.724 million tonnes under Business As Usual(BAU)-High growth combination of situations of supply anddemand, respectively. The surplus may go up to 48.719 milliontonnes in case of HOS-Low growth situations. However, thesituation does not continue to be the same by 2035. Even thesurplus systems of milk production show the sign of deficitespecially in the situation of high growth on the side of factorsaffecting demand. In 2035, country would be surplus under allsituation of demand growth only if HOS of milk productionprevailed. Under HOS, the surplus varied from 19.190 milliontonnes under High Growth to 75.747 million tonnes underLow Growth situations of demand.For higher growth in milk production, the capital expenditureon dairy development as percentage of total animal husbandryexpenditure be increased from 6.58% to 14%. This will resultin enhancing the capacity of production by improving thehealth services, fodder production and processing of milk.Future policy of export need to be concentrated on cheese,whey-based and fermented dairy products in new andemerging markets in Asian and North African countries.Prediction of Economic TraitsEmerging connectionist paradigm has been successfullyemployed to predict economic traits in Murrah buffaloes forthe first time. The connectionist models have been foundbetter alternative to the conventional multiple linear regressionmodels.New Website of the Institute DevelopedNew Website of the Institute has been developed inaccordance with the ‘Uniformity Guidelines for ICARWebsite’. The website is fully operational and being usedextensively for information dissemination among the differentstakeholders/end-users. One of the salient features of thewebsite is role-based security mechanism, which allows instantupdating of information at the source of information itself,e.g., every faculty members/division and the purchase sectioncan independently update/upload its information as and whenrequired. Website content is regularly updated.Promoting dairy enterprise through transfer oftechnologies••A film on the story of successful dairy entrepreneur wasmade based on case studies conducted on successful dairyentrepreneurs.••Farmer participatory field trials for estrus synchronizationand fixed time AI (FTAI) programme were conductedin cattle & buffaloes to propagate simple, cost-effectivehormone treatment schedules.••A Learning module on reproductive management wasdeveloped and used to educate farmers.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201231

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••To generate rural employment, the dairy microenterprisewas found to be most viable option.••The empowerment of dairy farmers through CIGs wassignificantly related with interpersonal trust, manageablegroup size, group goals achievement, need satisfaction,group competition, group leadership and groupcohesiveness.•• Intervening modules for HRD of rural youth in the area ofdairy based enterprises were developed.••Through strategic nutrient supplementation for enhancingmilk and reproductive performance in dairy animals underfield conditions, the peak yield of cow and buffalo wasincreased by approximately 4.00 and 3.00 liters; respectivelyand service period was also reduced up to 30 days perlactation.••SHGs played proactive role in dairy farming by enhancingthe level of knowledge, adoption, income and productiveand reproductive performance of dairy animals.••Urea-Ammonia treated straw’ and ‘Mineral Mixture’supplementation maintained the level of milk productioneven in the summer season. The feeding of the ‘CommonSalt’ to their dairy animals helped in prevention ofdiarrhoea, to a greater extent, as this happened to be acommon phenomenon in that area.••The current calf rearing practices were assessed and it wasfound that nobody was feeding milk replacer to their calvesand deworming was followed by only 11.45 percent of thedairy farmers. Recommended calf rearing practices weredisseminated through extension materials such as folder,leaflets, group discussions, PRA etc. The recommendedpractices of colostrum feeding to calves were adopted by100 percent of the dairy farmers.••Adoption and knowledge level about improved dairyfarming practices were found to be enhanced among theselected dairy farmers. Further, a little bit changes in termsof milk production and disposal pattern among the dairyfarmers was also observed.••Efficient plan for fodder production and low cost feedinginterventions was introduced and it was found beneficialduring fodder scarcity period.••Extension strategies were developed for promoting valueaddition in milk among farming community.••Information flow pattern among Dairy Stakeholders inMilk Production Innovation System was mapped usingPRA tools.•• Existing ITKs’ followed by dairy farmers on coping up withclimate change were identified.••Disease risk factors affecting animal health management infield condition were identified.Southern Research Station, BangaloreMalnad Gidda: A Valuable Disease ResistantIndigenous Cattle of Karnataka, IndiaThe study was taken up on Malnad Gidda, to investigatethe occurrence of diseases with special reference to Footand Mouth Disease (FMD) through survey and molecularapproaches. These cattle are maintained for manure andploughing puposes in Malnad regions of Karnataka. Thisbreed is maintained with low input system of management andproduce about 0.5 to 3 kg milk per day. Though milk yield ofthis native breed is low, it is important in view of its diseaseresistance and adaptability traits. Survey indicated that therewas no occurrence of FMD in its native tract even the animalswere maintained along with Jersey x Malnad Gidda crosses inwhich there was report of occurrence of the FMD.Studies on NRAMP1 gene polymorphism indicated that twoalleles are present at this locus in this Malnad Gidda breedand both seem to be equally important in respect of disease32

esistance. Further, molecular characterization of MHC IIBoLA DRB3 and DQAI polymorphism were also studied.Animals with specific BoLA typing were considered forvaccination. In vitro proliferative response measurements wereconducted with the lymphocytes isolated from experimentallyvaccinated calves of Deoni and Malnad Gidda. The averageproliferation index with inactivated virus reached 3.7 in Deoniand 5.7 in Malnad Gidda native cattle indicating MalnadGidda showed higher cellular response to FMDV antigen andsub viral practices than Deoni breed. BoLA typing studiesshowed that locus DRB3.* 11, 15, and 9 were more prevalentin Malnad Gidda cattle than Deoni. Studies on immuneresponse in vaccinated animals showed that animals withBoLA DRB3.2*15 in Malnad Gidda cattle more resistantthan other genotypes. Malnad Gidda cattle which did notshow any antibody titres (log0.9) in prevaccinated serashowed maximum antibody titres of log2.7 indicating that theanimals expressed 10 fold high antibody responses with singleinjection. This indicates that Malnad Gidda animals mountrobust immune response to the virus as and when the animal isexposed to the pathogen, which helps in rapid clearance of thevirus from the mucosal tissue. Hence, Malnad Gidda breed ofcattle has been proven to be disease resistant/tolerant againstFMD, which has been reported first time in India.TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••The Simple Regressed Least Squares (SRLS) and BestLinear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) methods, followed byLeast Square (LS) were better than others for estimatingthe breeding values of dairy bulls under field conditions.••Characterization of BoLA DRB3.2 alleles under bovineMHC locus was carried out in Hallikar and Deoni nativebreeds of cattle.••The dairy farmers in Kerala are facing the constraintsof high cost of roughages and feed and feeding relatedreproductive problems, which is resulting in diminishingmilk production.••The studies on incidence of mastitis in Bangalore and Kolardistricts of Karnataka revealed that the overall prevalence ofMalnad Gidda cattle in its Native Tractsubclinical and clinical mastitis in crossbred cows (N=507)using CMT was 22.09 and 4.34 %, respectively, theincidence of mastitis was found to be higher in graded HF(28.69 %) followed by HF crossbred (19.64 %) and Jerseycrossbred (20.51 %).••Deoni cattle exhibited significantly better degree of oestrussymptoms.••The overall incidence of hoof disorders in dairy cows inthe region (N=456) was 28.3 %, the occurrence of hoofproblems was found to be highest in graded HF cows (35.2%), followed by HF crossbreds (10%) and Jersey crosses(5.6 %).33

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012••PCR-SSCP analysis of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70)gene showed three SSCP patterns in Deoni cattle andtwo SSCP patterns in HF Crossbred cattle. The PCR-SSCP analysis of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) generevealed three genotypic combinations viz, AA, AB andBB in the frequencies of 0.034, 0.254 and 0.712 in Deonicattle respectively. The genotypic frequency of AB and BBgenotypes were 0.429 and 0.571 in Crossbred cattle.••PCR-SSCP analysis of Heat Shock Protein 90AA1(HSP90AA1 gene) gene in Deoni cattle showed threeunique SSCP patterns with a genotypic frequency of0.250, 0.638 and 0.111 respectively in exon 8. TwoSSCP patterns with a genotypic frequency of 0.153 and0.847 were observed in exon 9 of HSP90AA1 gene andtwo unique SSCP patterns in exon 10 with a genotypicfrequency of 0.236 and 0.764 respectively were observed.••Data analyzed on productive and reproductiveperformances in Deoni cattle depicted that the mean birthweight and weight at AFC were 20.81±0.21 (n, 140)and 223.64±3.59 (n, 101) kg, respectively. The age AFCcalculated in this study was 38.73±0.73 months. Theoverall mean lactation milk yield based on first 5 lactationswas 779.27±18.31 kg with an average lactation length of186.31±3.02 days. The present study also revealed thatthere was a significant increase in milk yield in secondlactation than first lactation. The overall mortality rate inDeoni cattle recorded was 2.17%.••Method was standardized for production of Curd rice withenhanced shelf life by hurdle technology using culture, pHand natural preservative like ginger as hurdles.••A recipe for cheese pickle preparation has been finalized.Paneer and Cheese can be used as the base material for thepickle, however paneer was considered better than cheesefor pickle••A mechanized process was developed for the manufactureof Kunda using a batch type khoa making machine which isless laborious & energy consuming.••The conditions for digestion of banana and mango fruitpulps by using enzymes have been optimized. A maximumof 70% of clarified juice from banana pulp and 65% frommango pulp could be obtained. Addition of 20% of clarifiedjuices individually into 1.5 times concentrated toned milkwas found to have optimum sensory qualities in naturallyflavored milks.••Whey protein hydrolysate with 10% protein and 5%degree of hydrolysis was found to be most acceptable forincorporation into milk @ 20% for enriching the milk withfunctional peptides.••Technology for manufacturing milk chocolate, basundi,shrikhand and chhana podo using artificial sweetners weredeveloped.••Extruded breakfast foods were produced successfully byblending ground popped / roasted NP - jowar, SMP/WMP and sugar. A comparison between the extrudedfoods prepared from blends of SMP and WMP indicatedthat that the WMP based extruded food was moreacceptable in comparison to SMP based product••Technology for production of khoa jalebi, whey drink, wheybased health food, kasha halwa, carrot halwa and chhanajhili was developed.••A method was developed for utilization of whey in jaggery,bread, bun and soup sticks••Shelf life of khoa jalebi, basundi, kunda and chhana podowas enhanced.••An ergogenic drink from hydrolysed whey has beendeveloped.• • BHC and DDT were the residues detected in most ofthe milk samples of Southern States. It was found that34

the organochlorine pesticide residue levels in milk in thesouthern states are normally within permitted limits.••The inclusion of glycine in the semen extender showedgood results in the conception of repeat breed cows, thusprotecting natural seminal taurine from conjugating withegg-yolk cholic acid.••The physico-chemical characteristics of branded gheesamples, sold in Southern States are within the normalrange. Several market ghee samples analyzed were not ableto meet the Agmark standard for RM value. Methods suchas HPLC, crystallization, fractionation etc are very useful indetection of adulteration.••Higher macrophage load, Superoxide Anion (SOA)generation and phagocytic index were found in the genitaltract of Repeat Breeding cows. Seminal taurine protectedacrosomal integrity of spermatozoa by scavenging the SOAgenerated by the genital tract MP, besides increasing thesperm motility.••Investigations were conducted to evaluate suitablecryoprotective agents like carbohydrates and proteinsduring lyophilisation of probiotic direct vat set ferments forproduction of short set dahi.••Studies were carried out on the effect of supplementation ofvaried levels (6,8,10, 12 & 14%) of added sucrose to milkon metabolic activities of probiotic lactic ferments namelyLactobacillus bulgaricus), Lb.acidophilus), Streptococcusthermophilus and Lactococcus lactis biovar. diacetylactisand their combinations. The observation revealed that theprobiotic cultures are suitable for manufacture of probioticMisti Dahi and yoghurt.••Methods were standardized to incorporate certain spicessuch as ginger, pepper, cumin, cardamom, turmeric andherbs like tulsi and pudina into butter milk to preparespiced butter milk drinks.••Technology for the preparation of a beverage containingragi extract and milk was standardized.••The use of whey protein as well as horse serum resulted inhigher cryoprotective effect at 10% concentration. Amongthe cryoprotective agents examined, whey proteins wereselected due to the restriction on use of ingredients fromanimal sources. Freeze dried cultures were packaged in twopackaging materials viz. EVOH and polythene, The resultsrevealed that DVS culture stored at 8°C even up to sevenmonths could be used for preparation of dahi with goodorganoleptic properties.••A method for the preparation of ready to reconstitutepayasam dry mix, ragi malt dry milk mix and foxtail milletwas standardized.••Extracts of some of the vegetables and fruits were used inthe preparation of buttermilk drinks for enhanced healthbenefits. An attempt was made to improve the texturalstability of buttermilk drinks through homogenization ofthe milk used and addition of stabilizers. Thermizationand carbonation of buttermilk drinks helped to extend theshelf-life of the buttermilk drinks.••Lactic cultures with antagonistic activity against pathogenicstrains of E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus were isolatedfrom dahi.••The kinetics of colour changes in gulabjamun during fryingwas modeled using fractional conversion first order reactionkinetics and Arrhenius relationship.••Technology for continuous manufacture of starch-wheyprotein isolate films using twin screw extrusion wasdeveloped. The 0.4-0.6 mm thick films were characterizedfor their tensile, sorption, thermal, water vapourpermeability properties.• • The moisture sorption characteristics of kunda and fourcommercially available gulabjamun mixes were establishedTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201235

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012at 10, 25 and 40ºC using gravimetric method. Varioussorption equations were fitted to the equilibrium moisturecontent data to model the sorption behaviour of these dairyproducts.••Economic analysis of dairy farming in Maharashtrarevealed that by and large , feed cost constituted about60 percent of the gross cost in milk production, whilelabour cost accounted for about 20 percent. The local cowmilk production incurred net losses. The crossbreds andbuffaloes generated positive net income and family labourincome. Uncertain rain, low availability of fodder, highcost of feeds and fodder and low productivity of local cowand buffalo were the major constraints perceived by dairyfarmersEastern Research Station••Shelter Management Systems of dairy cattle in rural areaswere evaluated in terms of micro environmental conditionsand production performance under hot-humid agroclimatic conditions of Eastern India.••Cattle embryos through in vitro technique were prroduced.••Performance of dairy animals under organic managementsystem was studied.••Effect of dietary manipulation of rumen fermentationwas studied using locally available vegetable oils.Supplementation of sunflower oil thrice in a week improvedthe growth rate and feed conversion efficiency of growingcalves.Mr. Bazivamo Christophe, Minister for Agriculture andAnimal Resources, Rawanda on visit to NDRI36

Research & Development FacilitiesLivestock and Fodder FarmThe Institute possesses an elite herd of over 1600 Dairy animals,which mainly include cattle and buffaloes. The Institute herd servesas a nucleus stock of superior germplasm for its propagation anddissemination to various agencies. It also caters to the requirement ofmilk and experimental animals for various research projects. Surplusmilk is utilized for running experimental dairy. Karan Fries crossbredcows (Tharparkar X Holstein Friesian) developed at this Institute arecurrently producing over 4,000 litres of milk per lactation. Further,Sahiwal cows and Murrah buffalo produce over 2,100 litres of milkper lactation. These lactation yields are much higher than the nationalaverage i.e. 1,050 litres. The highest peak yields of 44 and 46.5 kg havebeen recorded in Karan Swiss (Sahiwal X Brown Swiss) and KaranFries, respectively. Also, through consistent selection, the indigenouscattle breeds i.e. Sahiwal and Tharparkar have been improved and thehighest peak yields of 23 and 19.5 kg milk per day have been obtainedin these two breeds, respectively. In Murrah, the best buffalo breed ofthe world, the peak milk yield of 25.1 kg in a day has been achieved.A small flock of indigenous and crossbred goats is also maintained forconducting research and the peak milk yield of 5.4 kg per day has beenregistered. A modern Milking Parlor System and Shelter ManagementSystem set up recently at the Livestock Farm serve as demonstrationmodels for the progressive farmers and provide infrastructure forconducting research on various aspects of milk production system,reproductive performance, growth profile and nutritional requirementsfor elite milch breeds.The entire fodder need of the farm is met by cultivating fodder cropsin over 300 hectares of land and under a Revolving Fund Scheme onSeed Production of Fodder Crops, good quality seeds of improvedvarieties of fodder crops are produced in 40 hectares area and suppliedto farmers for enhancing the fodder yield. Initiatives have also beentaken to modernize the irrigation system by brick-lining of irrigationchannels for improving the conveyance efficiency of limited quantityof irrigation water available. Systematic and computerized data andrecords on all aspects of dairy production and management are beingmaintained and used by students, researchers and the farm managers.Institute dairy farm, one of the most modern and well managedfarms of the country, has been serving has a model training cumdemonstration unit for the benefits of dairy farmers and farmersorganizations. Training on scientific dairy farming and consultancyfor setting up of commercial dairy farming enterprise is also providedto budding entrepreneurs, banking institutions, NGOs and Govtagencies.Artificial Breeding Research CenterThe Artificial Breeding Research Center (ABRC), erstwhile known asthe Artificial Breeding complex (ABC), was renamed in 2010. ABRChas the infrastructure and capacity for managing 146 bulls (Sahiwal,Tharparkar, Karan-Fries breeds of cattle and Murrah breed of buffalo)and is the Largest Institute Breeding Bull Center in the country.

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012This Center is playing a proactive role in achieving geneticimprovement of dairy cattle and buffalo and reproductionmanagement of male animals/ breeding bulls, production,processing, evaluation and preservation of superior malegermplasm, teaching of post-graduate students, training andconsultancy on male animal reproduction and disseminationof superior germplasm of cattle and buffaloes. The ABRCmaintains the co-ordination with various departments andsections of the institute, ICAR institutes and state agencies forvertical growth of the center.The centre has a state-of-the-art seminar-cum-class room;Semen Quality Control Laboratory; Germplasm InformationLaboratory; Long range Open Bull Exercising Zone; Mistcooling system for reducing heat stress to breeding bulls.The center has also strengthened the facilities for scientificmanagement of male animals/ dairy bulls, cryopreservationfacility for storage of germplasm, semen processing laboratory,advance training facility on animal breeding / reproductionmanagement and frozen semen technology and disseminationof superior germplasm of cattle and buffaloes.Model Dairy Plant and ExperimentalDairy PlantThe Institute has a Model Dairy Plant with the state-of-theartequipment and a processing capacity of 60,000 liters ofModel Dairy Plantmilk per day. This ISO 22000:2005 certified plant has beenestablished with collaboration of NDDB to provide handsontraining facilities to B. Tech. students and for scientiststo carry out the scaling up of operations for products andprocesses developed in research laboratories. Further, theInstitute also has an ISO certified Experimental Dairy Plantwith the milk processing capacity of 10,000 litres per day. Theplant is extensively used by the students, research workers andscientists for developing new and innovative dairy products.This Experimental Dairy Plant prides itself for institutingthe first successful Revolving Fund Scheme of ICAR forstrengthening self-financing operations since 1989-90.Revenue generated through this scheme is being utilized fordevelopment of infrastructure of Experimental Dairy. Duringthe year 2011, the Experimental Dairy generated revenueworth Rs. 3,60, 31, 198/-.Peer Review Team of ICAR Visiting Model Dairy Plant38

Dairy EducationNDRI Deemed University provides high quality education in the field ofdairying, which has no parallel in Asia. Presently, NDRI offers Masters andDoctoral courses in twelve different disciplines viz. Dairy Microbiology,Dairy Chemistry, Dairy Technology, Dairy Engineering, AnimalBiochemistry, Animal Biotechnology, Animal Genetics and Breeding,Livestock Production and Management, Animal Nutrition, AnimalPhysiology, Dairy Economics and Dairy Extension Education and Mastersin Agronomy (Forage Production). In addition, the Institute also offers theprestigious degree course leading to award of B. Tech. (Dairy Technology).NDRI being a front ranking human resource development Institute in thefield of Dairying, very high quality standards of education and teaching aremaintained. Revamping of the curricula of Degree programmes of B.Tech/M. Sc./ M.Tech. /M.V.Sc. and doctoral academic programmes havebeen done to bring the same at par with any International Institute. Theadditional academic programs being introduced are not only need based,but also essential to give the extra edge to the dairyman to obtain state-ofartknowledge in dairy production, processing and management.emerging global challenges. Along with classroom teaching, one year“In-Plant Training” simulating the industrial environment is theoutstanding feature of the B. Tech (Dairy Technology) programme.The in-plant training provides an opportunity to the NDRI studentsto manage dairy processing jobs in commercial milieu. NDRI, beinga Research Institute, is able to impart latest scientific knowledgeto students, through the process of knowledge generation. ForExperiential Learning of Students and provide them better training,the facilities at Experimental Dairy Plant of NDRI have beenexpanded. NDRI has also got the recognition as Niche Area in AnimalBiotechnology for its educational programmes.The programmes of NDRI Deemed University are constantly reviewedand updated to ensure the requisite knowledge levels to pass-outstudents and to make them academically proficient in meeting theEnrolment of students in different sessionsThe teaching programmes of National Dairy Research Institutehave helped in generating highly trained and motivated manpower,which has been serving the country in various organizations for theimprovement of animal productivity. The B. Tech programme inparticular has made significant impact on the Indian dairy industrywith majority of top and middle management positions in theorganized sector being occupied by the dairy professionals coming outof the Institute. The postgraduate training has proved equally beneficialfor the R&D, quality assurance as well as management programmes ofthe industry.Educational and Training opportunities are provided to visiting scholarsfrom various countries. Students and trainees from Nepal, Bangladesh,

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Myanmar (erstwhile Burma), Mauritius,Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Rawanda, Ghana, Holland,Egypt etc. have been benefited. In-plant training facilities arealso imparted to the students from sister Institutions and SAUs.Advanced training imparted to the faculty members from SAUsand other Institutes has immensely helped in improving thequality of research and teaching in the National AgriculturalResearch System (NARS).Under Education Technology Cell, multi-media facilities havebeen provided in all the lecture halls and seminar rooms of theInstitute. Students Hostels have been furnished with modernfacilities such as computer connectivity and access to Internetto facilitate the information/knowledge sharing amongst thescholars. NDRI students’ community presents a cosmopolitanambience at the campus and despite heavy load of curriculum,our students allocate some of their time to give expression totheir creative talents through cultural and sports events. Theirvalued participation in inter-institutional competitions hasbrought laurels to the Institute.Library and Learning ResourcesThe Institute Library has an impressive collection ofliterature on Dairy Science and related subjects. More than200 periodicals are subscribed to keep track of the currentscientific/technical developments. In addition, there are 94,730volumes, which include 50,395 books, 31,210 bound journals,8,200 bulletins, 3,357 theses, 268 microfiches and 1300CDs. The National Library has a computer section having50 workstations for students and staff of the Institute. TheLibrary is adequately equipped with facilities such as Internet,Documentation, Reference, Current Awareness Services, CD-ROM, Photocopying, Literature & Documentation Scanningservices, etc. Library is a major partner of NAIP sub-project‘Strengthening of Digital Library and Information Mangementunder NARS (E-Granth).International students in different sessionsThere is a full-fledged Computer Centre functioning atthis Institute which is a central facility for scientists andstudents. The major activities of the Computer Centreinclude Management Information Systems for LivestockFarm and Personnel Management; Scientific Data Analysisand Payroll Processing; Video Conferencing; and Internet/E-mail connectivity. There are three specialized cells viz.,Agricultural Research Information System (ARIS), Bio-Technology Information System (BTIS) and NationalKnowledge Network (NKN) node established under theauspices of ICAR, Department of Biotechnology and NationalInformatics Centre, respectively. All the faculty membersin the Institute have on-bench computer and the internetconnectivity. An Online Examination Centre with 120 nodeshas been established under the NAIP sub project, “Developing,Commissioning, Operating and Managing an Online Systemfor Net/ARS - Preliminary Examination by ASRB, ICAR” forconducting NET/ARS Preliminary Examination for ASRB,ICAR. The work of extending the institute LAN facilities is inprogress to connect students hostels (including Boys Hostels,International Hostel and Kaveri Hostel) through Wi-Finetworking enabling 54 Mbps connectivity. After that studentswill be able to use the Internet and Library Services of theinstitute round the clock.40

Competence RewardedThey won laurels …Life-time Achievement Award2011 Dr A. K. SrivastavaDr. D. Sundaresan Award2011 Dr. (Mrs.) Harjit KaurDr. Avtar Singh2008 Dr. R. S. GandhiDr. N. N. Dastur Award2011 Dr R. K. MalikDr. K. K. Iya Award2008 Dr. A. K. Puniya2011 Dr. Sumit AroraDr. Y. S. RajputDr. P. G. Nair Award2011 Dr. A. K. SinghChillapa Memorial Oration Award2011 Dr. A. K. SrivastavaM. S. Swaminathan Award for 2006-072007 Dr. B. S. PrakashJawaharlal Nehru Award2007 Dr. S. C. Roy2010 Dr. Menon Rekha Ravindra2011 Dr. Ramya IyerICAR award for Interdisciplinary TeamResearch2008 Dr. K. K. DattaDr. V. Unnikrishnan2011 Dr. Satish KulkarniDr. B. Surendra NathDr. B. V. BalasubramanaymDr. B. C. GhoshDr. Menon Rekha RavindraDr. G. R. PatilErasmus Mundus Award2010 Dr. A. K. SinghDr. Sumit Arora2011 Dr. Rajesh BajajDr. Sudhir TomarICAR Outstanding Research Award2008 Dr. Dheer SinghNDRI Best Doctoral Thesis Award2010 Ms. Jaspreet KaurMs. Ramya IyerMs. Sanvedna KumariNDRI Best Master Thesis Award2010 Ms. Archana ChandranMs. Arpana Verma KumariMr. Bitan MondalPrestigious Recognition Award (2005-2006)2007 Dr. B. S. PrakashInternational Professional WomenOpportunity Award2007 Dr. Latha SabikhiBharat Ratna Dr. C. SubramanyamOutstanding Teacher’s Award2008 Dr. S. KulkarniBill A. and Rita L. Stout OutstandingInternational Graduate Student Award2008 Dr. P. Heartwin AmaladNDRI Best Research Presentation Award2009 Mr. A. KumaresanProf. N. J. Chinoy Award2010 Mr. G. Jagan Mohanrao, andMr. G. Raj KumarDr. S. K. AtrejaCompound Livestock Feed ManufacturersAssociation (CLFMA) of India FelicitationAward2010 Dr. S. S. ThakurNorman Borlaug Fellowship2006 Dr. Alok JhaXV Sukumar Basu Memorial Award for thebinnium 2005-20062008 Dr. (Mrs.) P. R. SinhaYoung Scientist Award2007 Dr. K. S. Kadian2011 Ms. SeemaMs. Prerna Saini2012 Dr. P. Narender RajuDr. J. R. Patel Memorial Trust Award2007 Dr. G. R. PatilDr. R. R. B. SinghDr. A. A. PatelHonorary DAAD Advisor2006-09 Dr. R. K. MalikDr. C. R. Sane Oration Award2009 Dr. B. S. ParkashFellow, Punjab Academy of Sciences2011 Dr. A. K. SrivastavaNAAS Fellow2011 Dr. G. R. PatilIDA Fellowship2008 Dr. S. P. AgrawalaLife Fellow Academy of Environmental Biology2008 Dr. Rajeev KapilaShiksha Rattan Puraskar2007 Dr. Surjeet K. Jha

Human Resource Development Through ExtensionDairy Education at Farmers’ DoorDairy Farmers who have playedcrucial role in ushering whiterevolution in the country remaincentral to all the R&D activities ofthe Institute. New scientific knowhowon animal husbandry, milkand crop production have beentransferred by means of GrameenDairy Melas, Calf Rallies, VeterinaryCamps, Women Agriculture Days,Field Days and various on farmdemonstrations.The Extension Education Programme “Dairy Education at Farmers’ Door” initiated since2008-09, has been continuing to strengthen the effective dissemination of dairy production andprocessing technologies among farming community. Under this programme, a team of NDRIscientists including subject matter specialists from production, processing and management grouporganize Dairy Education at Farmers’ Door in various villages on 2nd Saturday of every Month.Dairy MelasDairy Mela 2009 participatedby more than 3000 farmers wasorganized at NDRI during 26-28March, 2009.Dairy Mela 2010 participated bymore than 10,000 farmers wasorganized from 24th to 26thFebruary 2010.Exhibitions were organized duringthe Dairy Mela in which stallsDr. Mangala Rai, Former Secretary, DARE &DG, ICAR withPrize Winning Animal during Dairy MelaA Ring View of Dairy Mela

Training programmesBesides, All India Dairy Husbandry Officers’ Workshop (2010),Model Training Programme (2008), Research ExtensionIndustry Framer Interface (2007), Farmer Scientist Interface(2009), as many as 102 Off-campus Farm Women Trainingprogrammes and 10 On-campus Farmer Training programmeswere organized by the Extension Division during 2007-12.Kisan SangoshtiesTheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Rural Women being Imparted Trainng in Milk Productswere put up by various ICAR Institutes, feed companies,veterinary pharmaceuticals, dairy technology and engineeringfirms. These exhibitions served as a media to disseminateinformation on newly developed technologies and products tothe visiting farmers. During these Melas, Kissan Sangosthies,Milk yield competitions, Competitions in paneer making andmilking efficiency, and breed beauty were organized.Empowerment of Farm Women in DairyFarming through Self Help GroupsNDRI also worked towards Empowerment of Farm Womenin Dairy Farming through Self Help Groups (Satyam SelfHelp Group in village Subri, District Karnal, Sadbhawana SelfHelp Group in village Shahpur; Vishwas Self Help Groupin village Kulwehri, Distt Karnal) for carrying out the dairyrelated activities in groups. The women empowerment trainingand campaigns were organized with the objective to createawareness in the field of dairying and home science and alsoimpart skill in these areas so that farm women could generatemore income from dairying and maintain healthy atmospherein their respective families. During this period, 46 awarenesscampaigns and trainings for women were organized.During the period under report, 322 Kisan Sangoshties with thedairy farmers and farm women were organized in the adoptedvillages for transfer of technologies developed by the Instituteduring the last one year. Farmers were made aware about thereproductive management practices, mastitis control, diseasepreventive measures, clean milk production practices, preparationof value added milk products, management of fodder scarcityperiod and round the year green fodder production.Veterinary Health Camps cum Farmers &Scientists MeetsDuring the period 2007-12, NDRI organized 305 Infertilityand Veterinary aid Campaigns, Exposure Visits at nearbyVeterinary Services to Farmers43

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012villages viz., Nasirpur, Nasirpul tila, vazidpur, Kulwaheri,Budhakhera and Ganjogarhi. A large number of animalswere treated against the contagious diseases, infertility, andfor pregnancy diagnosis and general veterinary cases. A seriesof lectures on different areas of dairy farming was deliveredto the farmers. Scientists of the Institute were motivated toundertake tours in villages to have direct interaction/interfacewith the farmers to understand their problems and initiatetheir research programmes accordingly. Kissan Sangoshtis wereorganized in villages to bring awareness among dairy farmerson reproductive management through estrus synchronizationand fixed time AI in bovines.ICT Based Information Packages DevelopedThe Dairy Extension Division of the Institute has developedICT based information packages in the form of video films andmultimedia packages on clean milk production, hygienic milkprocessing & packaging and scientific calf rearing.Awareness creation and training cumdemonstration on diagnosis and control ofsubclinical mastitis among dairy farmers ofKarnataka, Andhra PradeshEfforts towards achieving quality milk production by educatingthe dairy farmers through training and demonstration havebenefitted more than 500 farmers belonging to Karnatakaand Andhra Pradesh under NABARD sponsored project.The training cum demonstration programmes on detectionof subclinical mastitis in the milking cows by using electricalconductivity meter, CMT kit and digital somatic cell counterwere arranged both on campus and off campus i.e. at faermers’door step. Our efforts resulted about awareness creation aboutsubclinical mastitis. Hence, they have started to implementthe detection and control of subclinical mastitis. After ourdemonstration, Karnataka Milk Federation (KMF) both inVisitors at Krishi Mela, GKVK, Hebbal, Bangalore being explainedabout detection of Subclinical Mastitis under field conditionsBangalore and Kolar districts have initiated steps to controlsubclinical mastitis at their collection centres. This clearlyindicates that the possibility of using techniques for qualitativeanalysis of milk immediately after milking as well as frombulk milk cooler becomes more useful. So, the efforts made bythe NDRI SRS team helped in quality improvement of milkproduction in the region.Technology transfer of dairy products forcommercial productionTechnology for the manufacture of fermented dairy productsnamely Dahi, yoghurt and butter milk has been transferred tothe ABT Dairy, Coimbatore during 2011 – 12. The productsin the brand name Sakthi are being marketed in the states ofTamil Nadu and Kerala. The products are also being plannedfor launch in the city of Bangalore in the current year.Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)KVK organized 969 on and off campus training programmesduring 2007-12 for 28197 beneficiaries in the area ofscientific dairy farming, dairy processing, crop production,vermicompost, fisheries, bee-keeping, Home Science and44

elated topics. The trainees included dairy farmers, farmwomen rural and urban youth, entrepreneurs and extensionfunctionaries from across the country.Landmark History: A Cross-bred Cow under on Farm Trialin a Village Produced 59.5 kg MilkTraining ProgrammesParticulars oftraining2007-12No. of trainings No. of traineesOn-Campus 798 23275Off-Campus 171 4922Total 969 28197Animal Health Camps organised••KVK organized 72 animal health camps.ActivityNumber of casesduring 2007-2012No. of Camps organised 63No. of general ailment cases treated 269No. of Infertility cases treated 740No. of pregnancy diagnosis cases 283No. of Deworming cases 1876No. of tick control cases 5140••Animal Health facilities provided through Dairy VikasKendrasActivityNumber of casesduring 2007-2012Artificial Insemination in cows 11468Artificial Insemination in Buffaloes 6872Pregnancy cases in cows 609Pregnancy cases in cows 643Calves born under A.I. 8747No. of Infertility cases treated 261No. of general ailment cases treated 1014No. of Dehorning cases 1150Women in Agriculture Day: KVK organizes Women inAgriculture Day every year on 4th December. Five suchprogrammes were organized in which more than 1200 womenparticipated from different villages.Front Line Demonstrations: KVK is regularly organizingFLDs on oil seed in pulse crops. During this period 80 FLDson oil seed crops 120 demonstrations on pulses were organizedmore than 45 villages.Technology Week: KVK organized two times TechnologyWeek during which all relevant technologies pertainingto dairy farming, dairy processing, crop production,vermicompost, fisheries, bee-keeping were shared with thefarmers, farm women, school students and rural youth.Field Days: The subject matter specialist organized more than70 field days in the area of dairy farming, dairy processing,crop production, vermicompost, fisheries, bee-keeping, HomeScience in different villages.Agriculture Technology Information CenterAgricultural Technology Information Center (ATIC) atNDRI has been serving as ‘a single window’ for all ICARInstitutes located at Karnal. It provides help to farmers andTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201245

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012other stakeholders such as entrepreneurs, extension workers,development agencies, stakeholders such as entrepreneurs,extension workers, development agencies, non-governmentorganizations (NGOs) and private sector organizationsto provide solutions to their problems in Agriculture andDairying. The center makes available all the technologicalinformation along with technology inputs and products fortesting and use by them.During 2007-12, 75046 visitors/farmers from 18 statesvisited ATIC which included 365 delegates from 14 differentcountries. To improve health & productivity of dairy animals,different technological interventions in the area of Nutrition,Breeding, Physiology and Health Care were suggested to14981 stake holders whereas 10457 stakeholders weresuggested different technological interventions in the area oflivestock production management and milk processing and9758 cases were referred for specialized guidance to differentdivisions of the Institute and 7642 cases to sister instituteslocated at Karnal. During above said period centre generatedrevenue of Rs.6712845/- which includes Rs. 687594/-fromsale of publications & Rs. 6025251/- from sale of seeds andcultures. Agricultural Technology Information Centre (ATIC)also provided on-line guidance to 8541 stakeholders throughe-mail and telephone (Toll Free-1800-180-1199) where as9547 video shows were organized for the visitors.Farm Women at NDRI on World Milk Day organised on June 1, 200946

Consultancy, Patents & Commercialisation of TechnologiesIn pursuance of the technologypolicy of Govt. of India which laysstress on the development ofindigenous technologies and itseffective transfer to industry, aConsultancy Service Board hasbeen established at NDRI, Karnal.The Board facilitates transfer ofthe technologies developed onthe basis of R&D work done invarious laboratories for infusionof Science and Technologyin areas of Dairy Production,Dairy Processing and DairyManagement on professionalbasis.INDUSTRIAL CONSULTANCYSERVICESIn pursuance of the technology policy of Govt.of India which lays stress on the developmentof indigenous technologies and its effectivetransfer to industry, a Consultancy ServiceBoard has been established at NDRI,Karnal. The Board facilitates transfer ofthe technologies developed on the basis ofR&D work done in various laboratories forinfusion of Science and Technology in areasof Dairy Production, Dairy Processing andDairy Management on professional basis. Forproviding assistance to Nation’s Dairy Industry,consultancy services are available in areas of (i)Products/Processes/Equipments developedat NDRI, (ii) Engineering design support forscaling up and fabrication of dairy equipmentsdeveloped at NDRI, (iii) Preparation ofRevenue Generated through Consultancy servicestechno-economic feasibility reports fordairy projects on milk production and milkprocessing plants, (iv) R&D assistance inproduct manufacture and problem solving,and (v) Quality assurance and product testingservices to the industry.Revenue generated from consultancy servicesis utilized for strengthening the Institute’sinfrastructure and R&D work and also partof the money is shared among the scientistsrendering such service as an incentive.Consultancy services also provide a via mediafor two-way communication between scientistsand industry. Feedback from industry throughsuch interactions helps the scientists to focusand fine tune their research efforts to fulfillthe real needs of dairy industry. During theperiod 2006-07 to 2010-11, NDRI generatedRs 19,595,029/- revenue through ConsultancyServices.

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Technologies Transferred during2007-20121. Technology of ‘Acido whey soft drink’ was transferred toM/S Milan Dairy Foods (P) Ltd., New Delhi in June 2007at a value of Rs. 25000/-2. Technology of ‘Antibiotic Kit was transferred to M/SNeugen Diagnostics , Hyderabad in Dec. 2008 at a value ofRs.2.5 lakh3. Technology of ‘A kit for detection of detergent in milk wastransferred to Mother Dairy,Delhi-110092, in Dec. 2008 ata value of Rs.4.0 Lakh4. Technology of ‘Low Cholesterol Ghee was transferred toKwality Dairy India Ltd., New Delhi, in June-July 2010)ata value of Rs.20.0 Lakh plus 1.5% royaltyInstitute Technology ManagementUnitDue emphasis is being given to safeguard IPR issues ofinnovative and useful research outcomes in the form ofPatents. For implementing the new IPR guidelines at theInstitute the IPR-unit has named as ‘Institute TechnologyManagement Unit’ and an ‘Institute TechnologyManagement Committee (ITMC)’ has been constitutedas the highest decision-making body at the institute level,relating to all issues of IP management and technologytransfer / commercialization. A total number of 28 patentapplications were filed for the award of patents in the areaof dairy production and processing during the past five yearsand are at different stages of processing. All the applicationswere sent to NRDC for patenting and subsequentcommercialization of technologies.Patents Filed•• A PCR based method for differentiating cow and buffalomilk (S. De, K. P. Singh, Rameshwar Singh, T. K. Dattaand S. L. Goswami)••A non-evasive DNA Isolation methodology in DairyAnimals (S. De, Ashutosh Sharma, P. Yadav, T. K. Datta).••A whey based Lassi-like beverage (Lata Sabikhi and D. K.Thompkinson)••Process for manufacture of spray dried cheddar flavourbased concentrate (D. K. Sharma and B. D. Tiwari).••Value addition of Dahi through tannin monomers offeeding Acacia nilotica pods containing diet from cow milk(D. K. Dubey and S. N. Rai)••A process for commercial manufacture of Kradi. (H. A.Punoo, G. R. Patil and R. R. B. Singh). Application No.2134/DEL/2008 dated 10.09.2008.••Value addition of paneer and dahi through herbal feedadditives from cow milk. (D. K. Dubey and S. N. Rai).Application No.152/DEL/2009 dated 27.01.2009.••A kit for detection of adulteration of ‘soymilk’ in milk. (Y. S.Rajput, Rajan Sharma and Poonam). Application No.396/DEL/2009 dated 02.03.2009.••A kit detection of β-lactum antibiotic group in milk usingbacterial spore as biosensor. (Naresh Kumar, Manju G andSaugada Das). Application No. 115 /DEL/2009 dated21.01.2009.••Enhancement of value addition of Khoa productionthrough herbal feed additives from cow milk. (MayankTandon and S. N. Rai). Patent Application No. 1256/DEL/2009 dated 18.06.2009• • Enhancement of value addition of condensed milk throughherbal feed additives from cow milk (Mayank Tandon andS. N. Rai). Patent Application No 1843/DEL/2009 dated17.9.200948

••Enhancement of value addition of milk powder productionthrough herbal feed additives from cow milk. (MayankTandon and S. N. Rai). Patent Application No 1844/DEL/2009 dated 17.9.2009••Process for the preparation of folate rich functional ‘Dahi’,(Ramya Iyer and S. K. Tomar). Patent Application No2345/DEL/2009 dated 13-11-2009••An improved & optimized process for manufacture ofDoda Burfi (G. R. Patil; Rekha Chawla and A. K. Singh).Patent Application No 2357/DEL/2009. dated 16-11-2009••Synbiotic Ice Cream and process for the preparationtherof. (Omkar Kumar, T. Rai and R. K. Malik). PatentApplication No 2729/DEL/2009 dated 30-12-2009••Three stage thin film scraped surface heat exchanger forcontinuous manufacture of khoa, (A. K. Dodeja, DharamPal and S. P. Agrawala) Patent Application No 583/DEL/2010 (Provisional), dated 12-03-2010••Development of spore inhibition based enzyme substrateassay(SIB ESA) for monitoring aflatoxin M1 in milk,(Naresh Kumar, Namita Ashish singh, Vinay KumarSingh, Sunil Bhand, R. K. Malik )••Development of Technology for Manufacture of FetaCheese from Buffalo Milk using Microbial Rennet,(Sanjeev kumar, S. K. Kanawjia)••“Method and system for automatic identification andestrous detection in buffaloes on their vocalization patterns”(Yajuvendra Singh, S. P. Lathwal, T. K. Mohanty, A. P.Ruhil and Shiv Prasad). Patent Application No 3090/DEL/2011••“A qualitative and quantitative test for anionic detergentin milk”. (Amit Kumar Barui, Rajan Sharma and Y. S.Rajput). Patent Application No 3677/DEL/2011••A process of bioethanol production by immobilizedthermotolerant yeast from whey” (Minakshi Dahiya andShipa Vij). Patent Application No 3710/DEL/2011••An innovative approach for detection of Enterococci inmilk using spore germination based bioassay” (Dr. NareshKumar, Ms. Gurpreet Kaur, Ms. Geetika Hakur,Mr. Raghu HV, Ms. Namita Ashish Singh, Mr. VinaiKumar Singh). Patent Application No 119/DEL/2012First examination report of patent applications submitted:••HPLC method of analysis of tannin monomers present inanimal feeds” (Keshab Barman and Sachchida Nand Rai).••Estimation of tannins metabolites in blood serum and cow milkusing HPLC” (Keshab Barman and Sachchida Nand Rai).••A kit for detection of detergent in milk” (Y. S. Rajput,Rajan Sharma, Sumandeep Kaur)TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201249

Infrastructure DevelopedNew Biotechnology Building commissioned••A state-of-the-art biotechnology research facility was created in2007 to consolidate the biotechnology research at NDRI. Thenew lab facility offers a working space of more than 20,000 sq.ft. and have specialized laboratories on Embryo Biotechnology,Regenerative Biotechnology, Animal Genomics, ProteomicsResearch etc.••Technology Business Incubation (TBI) Facility established.•• Establishment of Nutrition Biotechnology Laboratory at ERS,Kalyani.••Furnishing and upgradation of Labs in Animal BiotechnologyCentre, Dairy Technology Division, Dairy Microbiology Division,Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division.••Renovation of all Lecture Rooms.••Renovation of Scientist Home.••• Renovation of Boys’ and Girls Hostel.• Renovation of Residential ‘A’ & ‘B’, ‘D’ & ‘F’ type quarters.••Mini Auditorium developed.••••••• Video Conference Lab Developed• Conference hall of ATIC Building developed.• Animal Genomics Laboratory developed.• Construction of boundary wall of Model Dairy Plant.• Sixteen flat unit renovated as Married Scholars Hostel.• Various laboratories of the Institute were equipped with latestsensitive analytical instruments for carrying out research in mostadvanced areas of Molecular Biology, Cell Culture, FermentationTechnology, Protein Chemistry, Nutritional Studies, FoodTechnology, Microbiology, Micro Element Analysis etc.Funding through external sources has enriched research facilities at NDRI

State of the art housing system for elitebuffaloes, crossbred cows and indigenouscows (3 sheds)••Civil Work relating to Air Conditioning of Auditorium.•••Model shelters for northern plain regions developed and• Construction of Boundary wall for Girl students’ Hostel.demonstrated••Weather controlled house with automatic feeding anddrinking system••Computerized automatic animal behavior recording system••Wireless activity meter for heat detection••Electronic static weigh pad••Renovation of Sports Stadium including boundary walland installation of Sky Lights.••Construction of the extension wing of experimentaldairy for housing pilot scale dairy and food processingequipments under NAIP and TBI programs•• Renovation of Food Technology Laboratory , UG/PG laband Sensory Evaluation laboratory••Establishment of Dairy Biotechnology Laboratory at ERS,Kalyani.••Renovation of Laboratories for Technology BusinessIncubator Programme••Protective fencing of newly (2009-10) developed ChildrenPark.••CCTV based Security surveillance system has beeninstalled in Dr. D. Sundaresan Auditorium of NDRI.••Construction of Boundary of Farm Section.••Sick Animal Shed/Car Parking AB Complex.••Renovation of Small Animal House.••Renovation and upgradation of Library.••Renovation of Auditorium••Renovation of electrical wiring, fittings and switches in allthe hostels of NDRI••Renovation of Seminar Room of Dairy MicrobiologyDivision••Renovation of Guest House and Staff Quarters at ERS,Kalyani.••Renovation of Administrative Block.••Construction of Power House Building at NDRI, Karnal.••Renovation of Director’s Conference Room••Renovation of Satluj & Krishna Hostel••Renovation of Seminar Room of Dairy MicrobiologyDivision and Animal Biotechnology Center.••Fencing of the premises of International Hostel••Renovation of Mini Auditorium••Renovation of Milk Parlour••Carpeting of Approach Roads to Campus and FarmSection••Equipment Procured & Installed: UF Unit plusmembranes (Pilot scale), Mini MF-UF system, BinaryGradients HPLC System, UV – Spectrophotometer,Microfuidiser, Solid Phase Vacuum along with vacuumTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201251

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012pump, Refrigerated Centrifuge, GLC Column Accessories,Refrigerated Water bath, Fiber Tech, FES3; B.O.DIncubator, Biosafety cabinet, PCR Machine–III, BakingOven (Rotary rack), Sealing machine, Flour mill (lab scale),Pulverizer, Planetary Mixer, Refrigerators, Microwaveoven, Deep Freezers, Dough Kneader, Single ScrewExtruder (Lab Model), Butter churn, Cheese vats andCheese press.••Renovation of existing experimental sheds of the animals.••Metabolic cages for conducting trials on large ruminantsfabricated.••Ion chromatograph for the analysis of anions and cations inthe feeds procured••Development of IVRI land at Kalyani for fodderproduction••Renovation and development of six span MolecularGenetics Lab of DCB Division••Renovation of Administrative wing of NDRI••Renovation of Divisional Class rooms in Dairy TechnologyDivision and Dairy Cattle Breeding Division••Renovation of Seminar Room in Dairy Chemistry & DairyEconomic, Statistics and Management Division••Renovation of Deemed University Committee Room••Equipment Procured & Installed: GLC ColumnAccessories, Baking Oven (Rotary rack), Sealing machine,Dough Kneader, Single Screw and Twin Screw Extruders(Lab Model), Lab Scale Pasteurizer, Flaking machine,Fluidized bed dryer, Vacuum tray drierDevelopment of IVRI land at Kalyani for fodder production:ERS NDRI was assigned to develop 30 acres land owned byIVRI at Kalyani. The land was kept barren and unutilized forlong. Efforts were made to develop the land and brought undercultivable condition. Presently fodder crops are being grownfor animal feeding••A seminar room and board room facility was created for thebenefit of faculty and students at SRS, Bangalore.••Inducted crossbred cattle into the herd to augment milksupply at SRS, Bangalore.••Renovation of a part of students’ hostel initiated at SRS,Bangalore.••Renovation and upgradation of guest house/guest rooms atSRS, Bangalore.••A mini auditorium facility with seating capacity of 90was created for the benefit of staff and students at SRS,Bangalore..••A student auditorium facility with seating capacity of 200was initiated in the engineering block at SRS, Bangalore..••State of the art instruments like HPLC/PCR/Visconeta/Thermal Analyser to improve research facility at SRS,Bangalore.••Procurement of farm equipments like tractors, powertillers, pumps, bullock carts etc for use in the southerncampus.Bio-safety Laboratory developed52

Research CollaborationsWorld Bank through NAIP hasfunded twenty research projects(with an outlay of Rs. 34 crores)in Consortium Mode whereinNDRI is either a Lead Instituteor a Consortium Partner. Thesupport from NAIP and other fundingagencies has encouraged scientiststo work on stem cell, buffalo cloning,transcriptone, embryogenesis,biosensor, nanotechnology,abiotic stress in farm animals,nutraceuticals and functional foods.The scientific competence and excellence of pastperformance in conducting various researchprogrammes has attracted funds from variousNational and International organizations/agencies. The Institute had linkages withseveral International organizations such asWorld Bank, IAEA, UNDP, IDF, DAAD,Volkswagen Foundation, AvH Foundationand several leading institutions in UK, USA,Canada, Germany, Netherlands and Australia.Currently, many of the research programmeshave Inter-institutional linkages with Dept.of Biotechnology (DBT), Dept. of Scienceand Technology (DST), National Bureau ofAgriculturally Important Microorganisms(NBAIM), National Communication to UnitedNations Framework Convention on ClimateChange (NATCOM-UNFCC), Ministry ofResearch Funding from External sourcesFood Processing Industries, State AgriculturalUniversities (SAUs) and State DevelopmentDepartments.At present, research support through externalfunding from 47 extramural research projectsis the highest ever in the history of NDRI.Network Project with an outlay of rupees9 crores is being implemented at NDRI toaddress the burning issue of impact adaptionand vulnerability of Indian Agriculture toclimate change. To strengthen research furtheron climate change, NDRI has received grant ofRs.20.86 crores from Prime Minister’s specialfund. There projects worth Rs. 1.7 crores underNational Fund for Basic, Strategic and FrontierApplication Research have also been sanctionedfor NDRI.

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Research Collaborations /Linkages with International/National Agencies (2011)Area Project/PI Sponsoring AgencyReproduction Genomics Fertility Performance and Analysis of CYP19 Gene Regulation in DBTBuffalo (Dheer Singh)Bioactive/Nutraceutical/ Energetics and Dynamics of Protein Stability and Iron Binding DBTTherapeutic Milk Proteins Properties and their Modulation by Domain-Domain Interactionsin Lactoferrins from Various Animal Species ( J. K. Kaushik)GenomicsCloning, Expression and Functional Characterization of aDBTMammary Gland Protein MGP-40 Expressed during MammaryGland Involution and Exploring its Potential as a prognosticMammary Biomarker in Farm Animals (A. K. Mohanty)Embryo Production Techniques Conservation and Multiplication of Germplasm of Yak (PoephagusGrunniens L.) and its Hybrid using in vitro Embryo ProductionTechniques (M. S. Chauhan)DBTReproduction GenomicsEnvironmental PhysiologyClimate ChangeMedical and NutritionalSciencesNutrition and ImmunityComparative Analysis of Epigenic Regulation of the Cyp19 Gene inBuffalo and Cattle (Dheer Singh)Research Needs and the Financial, Technological and CapacityNeeds and Constraints to Address Climate Change Concerns vis-àvisLivestock and Dairy Products (R. C. Upadhyay)Enabling Activities for Preparation of India’s Second NationalCommunication to UNFCC-UNDP ((R. C. Upadhyay)Mechanisms of Cholesterol Transfer into Milk – A ComprehensiveGene Expression and Metabolism Study in Buffalo and Cattle (B.S.Prakash).Effect of Micronutrients Supplementation on Hormones, MilkYield, Udder Health and Immunity in Crossbred and IndigenousCows (A. Aggarwal)Embryo Production Embryo Production by Ovum Pick-up from Live Cattle (M. S.Chauhan).Stem CellReprogramming of Goat Fibroblast Cells by IntroducingTranscription Factor Genes to Produce Induced Pluripotent Stem(ips) Cells (D. Malakar)Animal NutritionRumen Microbial Manipulations for Mitigation of MethaneEmission and Productivity Enhancement in Dairy (S. K. Sirohi).Micro-encapsulationMicro-encapsulation of Bacteriocins for their Controled Release (R.K. Malik)Cellular ImmunityMolecular Basis for Modulation of Immuno Competence ofNeutrophilic Function in vivo and in vitro of High Producing Cowsand Buffaloes Peripartum (A. K. Dang)DST-DFG (Indo-GermanProject)NATCOM-SNC, Ministry ofEnvironment & Forest, GOI;UNDP-GEFMinistry of Environment & ForestDST-DAADDBTDBTDBTNFBSFARACIPHET, Ludhiana;(NFBSFARA)DBT54

Quality AssuranceDeveloping & Evaluation of Multiple Micro-nutrient (Mineral &vitamins) Fortified Milk for Consumer Market (Sumit Arora).ProbioticsDevelopment of Traditional Fermented Dairy Products Enrichedwith an indigenous Probiotic Strain for Promoting the Health andwell being of Consumers (Sunita Grover)Quality AssuranceInvestigations on High Pressure Induced Effect on QualityCharacteristics of Buffalo Milk (A. K. Singh)Animal ProductionBovine Sub-clinical Mastitis in Crossbred Dairy Cattle, EarlyDiagnosis and Control for Enhancement of Milk Production underField Conditions : An Integrated Approach (D. N. Dass)Sire Evaluation Indigenous Breed Improvement Programme (Sahiwal cattle) (R. S.Gandhi)Extension ServiceDairy Extension Education and Services at Farmers’ Door throughMobile Extension Unit: Action Research ( Jancy Gupta)ReproductionDeciphering the Mechanism of Aberrant Maternal Recognition ofPregnancy Events in Sheep and Buffalo under Heat and NutritionalStress (T. K. Datta)Climate Change National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (R. C.Upadhyay)ProbioticsApplication of Probiotics in Alleviating Allergic Responses andImmuno-senescence (Rajiv Kapila)Crossbred Male Infertility Molecular Characterization of A Semi-domestic Cattle Breed ofJammu and Kashmir (S. De.)DBTMFPINFBSFARANABARDPDC, Meerut; Govt. LivestockFarm, Lucknow; Govt. LivestockFarm, Hisar; GADVASU,Ludhiana; Sh. Gaushala Trust,BhiwaniNABARDNFBSFARACRIDALinkages with State Agricultural Universities/State Departments/Other ICAR Institutes/IndustriesArea Project/PI Collaborating AgenciesIndigenous Milk ProductTechnologiesOrganic FarmingProgeny Testing of MurrahBuffaloesNetwork Project on R&D Support for “Process Upgradation ofIndigenous Milk Products for Industrial Application” (G. R. Patil).Studies on Organic Milk Production System in the Plains of WestBengal (P. K. Roy).Network Project on Buffalo Improvement (A. K. Chakravarty).DBTDBTSMC College of Dairy Science,GAU, Anand; WBUAFS,Mohanpur (W.B.); SRS,Bangalore; BHU, Varanasi; IIT,KhargpurDepartment of VeterinaryPharmacology & Toxicology,WBUAFS, KolkataCIRB, Hisar; PAU, Ludhiana andCCS HAU, Hisar; IVRI, Bairelly;NDAUT, FaizabadTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201255

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Sahiwal Sire EvaluationEnvironmental PhysiologyEnvironmental PhysiologyPerformance Evaluation and Multiplication of Sahiwal Cattle underOpen Nucleus Breeding System (R. S. Gandhi).Impact Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture toClimate Change (R. C. Upadhyay).Adaptation of Livestock to Impending Climatic Changes throughShelter Management (R. C. Upadhyay).Govt. Livestock Farm, Lucknow;Govt. Cattle Breeding Farm,Durg, Chhattisgarh; College ofVeterinary Science and AnimalHusbandry, Durg; Shri GaushalaTrust, BhiwaniICAR (Network Project)ICAR (Network Project)Reproduction Genomics Buffalo Production and Reproduction Genomics (T. K. Datta). Niche Area (ICAR)Rumen ManipulationRumen Microbial Manipulation for Mitigation of MethaneEmission and Productivity Enhancement in Dairy Animals (S. K.Sirohi).NIANP, Bangalore; IVRI,Izatnagar (NFBSRA)Reproductive PhysiologyGenomicsEndocrinologyQuality AssuranceMicrobiologyLactation PhysiologyFeed ResourcesFeed ResourcesEndocrine Profiles and Characterization of Candidate GenesInfluencing Prolificacy of Black Bengal Goat (B. S. Prakash).Molecular Characterization of Semi Domestic Cattle Breed ofJammu and Kashmir (S. De.).Development of Plasma Catecholamines Assays for Evaluation ofSympathetic Neuronal Function and Milk Production Performancein Heat Stressed Cows (Mahendra Singh).Monitoring of Drug Residues and other Environmental Pollutants(N. K. Goel).Scheme on Dairy Microbes under Network Mode (RemeshwarSingh).Candidate Gene Analysis and Identification of Allelic VariantsAssociated with the Incidence of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle andBuffalo (A. K. Dang).Nutritional Evaluation of Azolla for Utilization in Ruminant Ration(A. Chatterjee).Evaluation and Utiliztion of Brewers Spent Grain as Cattle FeedSupplement (A. Santra).ICAR Research Complex forNEH Region, TripuraDoda, SKUAST, JammuRTAC, BRNS, MumbaiCollege of Veterinary Science,Mumbai; Chennai; Kolkatta;Gujrat; Pantnagar; A. P.; M.P.; Ranchi; Guwahati; Patna;NRC on Yak, Dirang; NIANP;Bangalore; Outreach Project(ICAR)ICAR NetworkNBAGRRegional Station for ForageProduction and Development,Kalyani, Govt. of India.Dept. of Animal Nutrition,WBUAFS, Kolkata56

NAIP ProjectsArea Project/PI Collaborating AgenciesNDRI as Lead InstituteReproductionAugmentation/ GenomicsGenomics/ ProteomicsStem CellsSemen Cryo- preservationReproductionAugmentationFunctional Dairy ProductsValue Added DairyProductsElucidating the Physiological and Genomic Regulation Process ofFollicular Development, Oocyte Maturation and Embryogenesis inBuffalo (T. K. Datta)Analysis of Mammary Gland Transcriptome and Proteome duringLactation and Involution in Indigenous Cattle and Buffalo forIdentification of Probable mammary Markers (A. K. Mohanty)Characterization and Differentiation of Embryonic andSpermatogonial Stem Cells in Cattle and Buffaloes (M. S.Chauhan)Molecular basis of Capacitation Like Changes in the Assessmentand Prevention of Cryodamage during Cryopreservation of BovineSpermatozoa (Buffalo and Crossbred Bulls) (S. K. Atreja)Value Chain on Zona Free Cloned Embryos for Quality AnimalProduction from Elite Buffaloes and Pashmina Goats’ (S. K. Singla)Novel Approaches for Production of Nutraceuticles from Milk and IndianHerbs for Potential use in Functional Dairy Foods (R. R. B. Singh)A Value Chain on Composite Dairy Foods with Enhanced HealthAttributes (A. K. Singh)E-educationDevelopment of e-course for B.Tech (Dairy Technology) DegreeProgramme (A.A. Patel)NDRI as Consortium PartnerBiosensorsDevelopment of Biosensors and Micro-techniques for Analysisof Pesticide Residues, Aflatoxin, Heavy Metals and BacterialContamination in Milk (Naresh Goel)BioinformaticsDevelopment of wireless Sensor Network for Animal Management(T. K. Mohanty)Policy PlanningPME Cell under Visioning, Policy Analysis and Gender (V-PAGE)(Director, NDRI/B. S. Chandel)NetworkingAnimal NutritionNano ParticlesAgro-Web-Digital Dissemination System for Indian AgriculturalResearch (ADDSIAR) (D. K. Jain)Rumen Microbial Diversity in Domesticated and Wild Ruminantsand Impact of Additives on Methanogenesis and Utilization of PoorQuality Fibrous Feeds (S. K. Sirohi)Detection and Mitigation of Dairy Pathogens and Detection ofAdulterants using Chemical Biology (Y. S. Rajput)CIRB, Hisar; NIANP, Bangalore andIISC, BangaloreNBAGR, Karnal and NCHGS&R,Punjab University, ChandigarhPDC, MeerutSKUAST, JammuSKUAST, SrinagarNBRI, LucknowCIPHET, Ludhiana; Arpana, Karnaland M/s New Millennium HealthFoods Pvt. Ltd. NOIDASVVU, Triupati; AAU, AnandBITS, Pilani, Goa, IIT, Delhi andPunjab University, PatialaIIT, DelhiNCAP Delhi; IASRI, Delhi;NAARM, Hyderabad; Yes Bank,Agriwatch; NRCWA, PME CellsSAUs and ICAR InstitutesIVRI, Izatnagar; GADVASU, Panjab;CIRB, HisarIIT, Roorkee; BITS, Pilani (Goa)TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201257

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012ReproductionAugmentationReproductionAugmentationEnvironmental PhysiologyAnimal ReproductionGenetic basis of Inferior Sperm Quality and Fertility of CrossbredBulls (S. De)Development of Potency of Parthanogenetic Goat Embryos (D.Malakar)Bio-prospecting of Genes and Allele Mining for Abiotic StressTolerance (R.C. Upadhyay)Application of Reverse Genetics: A Novel Approach to Study theMolecular Basis of Differential Immune Response in Indian CattleBreed (D. N. Das)PDC, Meerut; IVRI, IzatnagarIVRI, Izatnagar; CARI, Izatnagar;CIRG, Makhdoom; JNKVV, JabalpurIVRI, Izatnagar; CIRG, Makhdoom;NRC on Camel, Bikaner; VPKAS,Almora; NEHR, Lucknow; IIT,Kanpur; NBAGR, Karnal; CIBA,Chennai; IARI, New Delhi; NBFGR,Lucknow; CIFA, Bhubneshwar; CARI,Cuttak; DRR, Tamil NaduII Sc, BangaloreIVRI, BangaloreEconomics Strengthening Statistical Computing for NARS (R. Malhotra) IASRI, New Delhi; IVRI, Izatnarar;MPUAT, Udaipur; Water TechnologyCentre for Eastern Region,Bhubaneshawar; ICAR Res. Complex forNEH Region, Barapani; UAS, Bangalore;NAARM, Hyderabad; CIFE, MumbaiRechristening of Auditorium as Dr. D. Sundaresan Auditoriumby Dr. S. Ayyappan, Secretary, DARE & DG, ICAR58

New InitiativesResearch initiatives arebeing undertaken at NDRI forgenetic improvement of milchanimals; development of dairyproduction packages for small,medium and large producers;clean milk production andquality assurance; valueaddition to milk & milkproducts and promoting dairyenterprise through transfer oftechnologiesResearch••World Bank through NAIP has fundedtwenty research projects (with an outlay of 34Crores) in Consortium Mode wherein NDRIis either a lead Institute or a consortiumpartner. This has allowed biotechnology,biochemistry, dairy technology and otherdisciplines to work in frontier areas.••NDRI Scientists through proactive approachand under competitive grant have obtainedhuge funding for basic and strategic researchfrom NFBSR (ICAR) and other Govt.Departments.••To address the burning issue of adaptation oflivestock to climate changes through sheltermanagement, a project on National Initiativeon Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)with financial outlay of Rs. 20.86 crores isbeing executed at NDRI.••A project has been initiated under collaborativeapproach with International LivestockResearch Institute (ILRI) since Aug 2011.••Activities on collection and conservationof dairy and probiotic microbes have beenstrengthened.••New research initiatives are currently beingtaken to study the microbial diversity andpredominance of microbial communities inthe Indian gut under normal healthy andaberrant diseased conditions and subsequentprobiotic interventions by applying variousmetagenomic approaches. Attempts will alsobe made to link any alterations in microbialcommunities with the gut functionality. Themechanistic studies are also underway toNumber of Research Projects from External Agencies

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Degrees being presented during Eighth Convocationon 13 th March, 2010Convocation of NDRI Deemed University has been made an annualregular feature for the past four years. From the year 2010, NDRI hasbeen organizing Academic Week prior to Convocation by organizing theseries of academic events such as (i) Memorial lectures, (ii) presentationof academic achievements and innovations in teaching by different Headsof Divisions, (iii) selection of students for Best Thesis Awards “BestThesis Awards” have been instituted for Master’s and Doctoral students toencourage spirit of competition and motivation for quality research work.Best thesis award carries a citation, a certificate and Rs. 5,000 for Master’sThesis and Rs. 10,000 for Doctoral Thesis. Best Thesis award is given ineach of Animal Production, Dairy Processing & Management Groups.Sixth Convocation on 21 st April, 2007 Seventh Convocation on 17 th January, 2009Ninth Convocation on 19 th February, 2011understand the novel probiotic functions through globalgene expression studies for exploring these as possible biotherapeuticsto mange life style diseases for the healthcareand well being of the target Indian population.••Visioning Analysis of Indian Dairy Sector has beeninitiated.•• In XII Plan, ICAR has proposed focussed research underdifferent Research Platform Mode. NDRI will play leadingrole in research to be conducted under following platforms:−−Application of Bio-nanotechnology in Agriculture.−−Genomics for improved Animal (Buffaloes & Cattle)Productivity−−Secondary Agriculture, value addition to milk and milkproducts.−−Dairy and Farm Waste Management Platform: Nationalconsultation on water:−−Climate change platform•• Two Flagship Programs on (i) Integrated FertilityManagement in Cattle and Buffaloes and (ii) Enhancementof Nutritive Value & Shelf-life of Milk & MilkProducts; and a Network Project on Modeling NutrientRequirements of Cattle & Buffaloes under ChangingConditions, are being proposed for XII plan period.••Probiotic Association of India (PAI) has been establishedDr. A. K. Srivastava, Director NDRI is the founderPresident and Dr. V. K. Batish is Secretary of theassociation.60

Education••In addition to ongoing Masters and Doctoral coursesin twelve different disciplines and B. Tech. (DairyTechnology), the Institute also started M.Sc. in Agronomy(Forage Production) from the year 2010-2011.••NDRI is the first institution to implement new course–curricula for B. Tech in Dairy Technology as per theguidelines laid out in Fourth Dean’s Committee Report.Likewise, new PG syllabus has also been introduced fromthe academic session 2009-10.••In order to strengthen the activities of the RegionalStations and fully use the research and teaching facilities/expertise available at the stations, students are beingdeputed to carry out their Dissertations in Mastersprogramme in Dairy Chemistry and Dairy Technology,and Doctoral dissertation work in Animal Breeding, DairyChemistry, Dairy Technology and Dairy Economics at theSouthern Regional Station, Bangalore. Likewise, MastersStudents in the discipline of Animal Biotechnology,Livestock Production and Management, Animal Nutritionand Dairy Economics are deputed to Eastern RegionalStation, Kalyani.••Academic Regulations have also been revised,which include most importantly the introduction ofcomprehensive for Masters & Ph.D. students. Reformin the Admission Process for Ph.D. in all disciplines ofDairying has been introduced. From the year 2011-2012,admission for the in-service candidates in Ph.D. Courseswould be done through written Entrance examination aswell as counseling. Comprehensive examination for enrolledPhD students has been introduced. Submission of researchpaper manuscript before thesis submission has been mademandatory.••NDRI has been recognized as Centre of Advanced FacultyTraining (CAFT) in the disciplines of Dairy Productionand Dairy Processing.••Initiatives have been taken for development of e-courses forB. Tech. (Dairy Technology) degree program under NAIPcomponent-1: Some of the courses have been reviewed andfinalized through peer reviewers and student’s reviewersfor online and offline delivery to the State AgriculturalUniversities (SAU’s) and other institutions offering theundergraduate program. Other Educational Reformsinclude (i) E-learning, (ii) Knowledge Management andDissemination through ICT, (iii) Web based interactivemodule and (iv) Teaching manuals.••National Academy of Dairy Sciences (NADS) has beenlaunched since 1st June 2010 at NDRI to work as a thinktank and develop policy papers on different issues relatedto dairy education & research. The mission of the AcademyLaunch of National Academy of Dairy Sciencesis to provide views of the scientific community on dairyingrelated issues, and to encourage and promote scientific andtechnological talent, making it a powerful instrument infostering knowledge based vibrant dairy industry for thegrowth of national economy. Dr. A. K. Srivastava, DirectorNDRI is the founder President of NADS, while thefounder fellows are:1 Dr. G. R. Patil, Vice-President2 Dr. S. L. Goswami, Vice-President3 Dr. R. K. Malik, Secretary4 Dr. R. R. B.Singh, SecretaryTheQuinquennium Golden2007-201261

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-20125 Dr. A. K. Singh6 Dr. B. S. Prakash8 Dr. S. S. Kundu9 Dr. A. K. Chakravarty10 Dr. K. K. Singhal11 Dr. G. S. Sharma12 Dr. R. S. Gandhi13 Dr. Rameshwar Singh14 Dr. Ashok A. Patel15 Dr. Shivashraya Singh16 Dr. B. K. Wadawa17 Dr. V. K. Kansal18 Dr. Shiv Prasad19 Dr. Jancy Gupta20 Dr. K. K. Datta21 Dr. A. K. Dodeja••Alumni Awards such as Dr D. Sundaresan Award, Dr.N. N Dastur Award, Dr. K. K. Iya Award, Dr. P. G.Nair Award are given to the faculty for their outstandingcontributions in the field of research, education andInstitute building activities.••NDRI has been recognized as a node for NationalKnowledge Network, Govt. of India. Internet connectivityof 1 GB speed has been provided under this scheme.••For the first time, new NCC Battalion has been establishedat NDRI. NCC has been made compulsory for the B.Dr D. Sundaresan Memorial Lecture Award tocommemorate the valuable contributions of LateDr D. Sundaresan for all round development ofNDRI has been instituted since 2010. In the year2012, Dr. K. K. Iya Oration Award and Dr. N. N.Dastur Oration Award have also been instituted inmemory of former legendry directors of NDRI.Dr. Mangala Rai, Former Secretary DARE & DG, ICAR deliveringSecond Dr. D. Sundaresan Memorial LectureFirst Dr. D. Sundaresan Memorial Lecture Awardto Dr. S. L. MehtaThird Dr. D. Sundaresan Memorial Lecture Awardto Dr. R. S. ParodaFirst Dr. K. K. Iya Oration Awardto Dr. V. K. Taneja62

Tech. first year students. Under this scheme, studentsappear for B Certificate exam, attend NCC drills regularlyand also participate in NCC camp held at Haryana PoliceCommando Complex, Navel, Karnal. Physical Educationhas also been made coumpulsory for Post-Graduatestudents of NDRI Deemed University.••Research scholars at NDRI are encouraged to apply forINSPIRE fellowship instituted for Topper students byDept. of Science and Technology. Many of the studentshave availed this fellowship during 2010-2011.•• To inculcate the spirit of innovation and creative thinkingamongst the students, “My Idea” competition is beingorganized for the students of NDRI Deemed University onNational Science Day on 28th February every year.••Students’ participation in the National level competitionsis encouraged. Since last two years NDRI has introducedthe convention of celebrating National Education Day andInternational Non-violence Day to inculcate moral andethical values in the student community and make themsensitive towards important social issues.••The Placement Cell of the Institute has been strengthenedand given working independence to contact prospective dairyentrepreneurs for placement of the Institute graduates andensure that reputed firms including multi-national companiesabsorb our graduates and pay them good salaries.••Girls’ Hostel “Alakhnanda Sadan” has been createdby converting vacant ‘A’ Type Residences to a hostel toaccommodate additional strength of girl students atDeemed University.••Under the aegis of Agricultural Scientists RecruitmentBoard, infrastructure has also been created at NDRIDeemed University for on-line examination system for theadmission of students.••New website of NDRI has been developed under theNAIP project of AGROWEB. The new website is to serveas a model for all the animal science Institutes of ICARand has been designed as per uniform guidelines of ICARto give the desired look and feel apart from the contentsand databases on dairy starter cultures, semen bank,performance of herd animals at NDRI livestock farms.••Provision has been made for internet connectivity in NDRIhostels through installation of Wi-Fi system.Extension••Establishment of Milk Processing Unit at Village Levelunder NAIP Project: Entrepreneurship developmentcampaign has been launched for transferring compositedairy foods technologies. A group of 14 women all resourcepoor villagers with an average monthly income of Rs.4500/- only is formed and they are being trained in for themanufacture of dairy products including the value addeddairy products. A processing unit has been establishedat Amritpur Kalan located near Karnal and commercialproduction of various composite dairy foods is startedsince October, 2010. These women have earned a monthlyturnover of Rs. 65000/- through sale of these products andgenerated a profit of Rs. 2000 per person monthly. Anotherunit is established at Village Shongi near Shimla forprocuring and processing of milk into various value-addedproducts. Based on the achievements of the project ICARhas prepared a documentary named “Kamyabi ki Dastak”.••Empowerment of farm women in dairy farming throughSHGs: Three Self Help Groups: (i) Vishwas Self HelpGroup in village Kulwehri, Dist Karnal since August,2011, (ii) Satyam Self Help Group in village Subri DistrictKarnal since July 2007, (iii) Sadbhawana, Self Help Groupin village Shahpur since August 2010, are also in operationfor empowering farm women engaged in dairy productionand dairy processing.••Dairy Education at Farmers’ Door: The ExtensionEducation Programme “Dairy Education at Farmers’TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201263

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Door” has been initiated since 2008-09 to strengthen theeffective dissemination of dairy production and processingtechnologies among farming community.••Krishi Vigyan Kendra made a major thrust in introducingthe new farming system in place of paddy-wheat. Majorityof the farmers in the district now have paddy-moongwheatproduction system. Since 2009 KVK is workingon conservation agriculture in association with the IRRIPhilippines and CIMMYT, Mexico under cereal systeminitiative for south Asia (CISA).••A large number of dairy farmers have been demonstratedthe technology of silage making and its feeding to the dairyanimals In the district. Nearly 32 progressive dairy farmershave adopted the technology.••KVK has developed strong linkages with different dairydevelopment organizations in different states of the countryduring this period. In all 243 sponsored training programmeson scientific dairy farming were organized for the farmersand farm women of different states other than Haryana.••Agriculture Technology Information Center: AgricultureTechnology Information Center (ATIC) has been furtherstrengthened by providing required facilities. This centre isserving as ‘a single window’ for all ICAR Institutes locatedat Karnal.••Mobile Extension Unit at NDRI has been initiated toprovide veterinary and dairy extension and services atfarmer’s door.Other Landmarks...••Technology Business Incubator (TBI) Facility wasestablished with the support of DST and made fullyfunctional to promote entrepreneurship with technologiesdeveloped at NDRI. The DST has sanctioned grant of Rs.278 lakhs for a period of five years. This project is first of itskind in National Agricultural Research System in India. TheTBI has the broad objective of promoting knowledge-basedand innovation-driven dairy enterprises in the country.••Institute Song was conceptualized and introduced to fosterstronger bondage in NDRI fraternity and strengthen thesense of motivation, commitment, dedication and senseof belongingness towards the common cause of dairydevelopment in the country.••NDRI was given specific identity by adopting a uniformstyle of encrypting and writing the Institutional name, thespecific pattern of signature of NDRI was conceptualized,finalized and adopted by BOM on 12.3.2010.Release of NDRI Signature••In memory of the valuable contributions of Late Dr. D.Sundaresan during 1970-1981 in all round developmentsof NDRI, and to rekindle the legacy of the Formerlegendary Director, the main Auditorium of the NDRI wasrechristened as Dr. D. Sundaresan Auditorium on 13.3.2010.••A new Video Film of the Institute “NDRI at a Glance” wasconceptualized and produced.••Purchase procedures were streamlined and NDRIemerged as one of the only few Institutes to have properlyimplemented the World Bank’s prescribed procedures forprocurement/works under NAIP.64

Quality Research Output and Seminars &Conferences towards Knowledge Sharing...Research Output of the Institute is reflectedin a good number of research papers beingpublished in various National & Internationaljournals with high impact factor. Likevise, thrustis being given on knowledge and expertisesharing amongst the faculty of the institute withthat of other institutions through organisationof several National & International ConferencesSeminars & Symposia.Research PublicationsSEMINARS/SYMPOSIA/WORKSHOPS/FIELD DAYS ORGANISEDDuring the last five years (2007- 2012), the Institute hosted quite a good number of Seminars, Workshops and Short Courses with the participation ofdelegates from India and abroad. Some of the important ones are listed as under:World Earth Day 22 nd April, 2007World Veterinary Day 28 th April, 2007Training programme on “Buffalo Nutrition” 4 th – 6 th June, 2007Summer School on “Instrument Analysis of Dairy Foods for Quality Standards” 6 th – 26 th July, 2007Stake Holders’ Workshop under NAIP 8 th – 9 th Sept., 2007Hindi Diwas Samaroh at ERS, Kalyani14 th Sept.,2007International Tropical Animal Nutrition Conference Tropnutrition-2007 4 th – 7 th Oct., 2007Workshop on “Opportunities for Entrepreneurs in Milk Processing Industries” 6 th Oct., 2007National Training programme on “Genetic Analysis of Animal Breeding Data using Advanced Software Package” 10 th – 30 th Oct., 2007International Conference on “Traditional Dairy Foods” 14 th – 17 th Nov., 200726 th Annual Conference of Haryana Economic Association 19 th – 20 th Nov., 200739 th Annual Regional Science Congress 19 th – 20 th Nov., 2007Model Training Course on “Feeding Strategies for Up- keep of High Yielding Dairy Animals” 26 th Nov. – 3 rd Dec, 2007

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Women in Agriculture Day 4 th December, 2007Stake Holders’ Workshop under NAIP 14 th – 15 th Jan., 2008Celebration of Grameen Dairy Mela 13 th Feb., 2008A Short Course on “Technological Advances in Utilization of Dairy By-products” 27 th Feb. to 18 th March, 2008Celebration of National Science Day 28 th Feb., 2008Rajbhasha Workshop for Technical Officers 11 th March, 2008Golden Jubilee Celebration of Dairy Science College and National Seminar on Dairy Education 12 th – 13 th March, 2008ARS Field Experience Training 18 th March to 5 th April, 2008World Water Day 22 nd March, 2008National Training Programme on “Assisted Reproductive and Management Technologies for GeneticImprovement of Livestock”25 th March to 14 th April, 2008World Milk Day 1 st June, 2008Short Course on Sensory and Related Techniques for Evaluation of Dairy Foods 17 th June to 7 th July, 2008Short Course on Basic Aspects of Milk Processing and Milk Products Manufacturing 22 nd – 25 th July, 2008Interactive Workshop on Climate Change and Indian Livestock 20 th - 21 st Sept., 2008National Seminar on Food Safety and Quality Issues Relevant to Dairy Industry 27 th Sept., 2008National Workshop on AGROWEB Project 3 rd -4 th October, 2008Short Course on Analysis of Milk and Milk Products for Quality Assurance and Safety 13 th to 19 th October, 2008World Rural Women’s Day 15 th October, 2008Workshop on Patent and IPR Awareness 16 th October, 2008World Food Day 16 th -18 th October, 2008National Workshop on Genome Analysis and Structural Biology 21 st -23 rd October, 2008Winter School on Functional Foods and Nurtraceuticals 1 st - 21 st , November, 2008National Seminar on Emerging Opportunities for Commercialization in Dairying 6 th -7 th Nov., 2008Model Training Course 18 th – 25 th November, 2008Winter School on Advances in Bioactive Components and Dietary Supplements for FunctionalDairy FoodsGenetic Improvement of Farm Animals Using Advanced Breeding and BiotechnologicalStrategies25 th November to15 th December, 20083 rd to 23 rd December, 2008Women in Agriculture Day 4 th December, 2008Ex-Trainees Convention 15 th December, 2008National Seminar on Food Safety Challenges in Dairy Sector - Current Scenario 7 th and 8 th January, 2009A Short Course on Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Milk and Indigenous MilkProducts13 th - 21 st January, 2009Seventh Convocation 17 th January, 200966

National Environment Awareness Campaign 20 th January, 2009A training programme on Procurement Related Matter and Financial Management System 3 rd to 4 th Feb., 2009National Seminar on Recent Technologies in Horticultural Crop Production Management andMarketing19 th – 20 th Feb., 2009National Science Day 25 th Feb., 2009Need Based Training Programme27 th Feb., 2009 to 5 th March,2009Launch Workshop of NAIP Projects 20 th March 2009National Training Program on Advances in Breeding and Management Technologies forImprovement in Livestock Productivity25 th March to 14 th April, 2009Dairy Mela 26 th - 28 th March, 2009TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012National Training Program on Advances in breeding and management technologies for improvementin livestock productivity25 th March to 14 th April, 2009Dairy Mela (organized after a gap of 12 years) 26-28 March, 09International Seminar on French Genetics & Technologies 20 th April 2009.World Veterinary Day 24–25 April, 09International Training Course on Sensory Evaluation of Milk and Milk Products 19 th May, 2009Vacation Programme on Natural Resources 19 th May 2009World Milk Day 1 st June 2009Launch Workshop on Development of e-courses for B. Tech. (DT) Degree Programme 27 th June , 2009Institute Technology Transfer and Management Committee (ITMC) Meeting 15 th July, 2009Consortium Implementation Committee Meeting 8 th July, 2009Launch Workshop for Three Projects under NAIP 10 th Aug., 2009Summer School on Recent Advances in Analytical Techniques and Innovative Approaches forQuality Assurance and Safety of Dairy Foods7 th - 27 th July, 2009Training Programme on Chemical Testing of Milk & Milk Products & Compounded Cattle Feed28 th July 2009 to3 rd August 2009Zonal Workshop on Front Line Demonstration on Oil Seed and Pulse Crop 12-13 th Aug, 09Brainstorming Session on Vaccine & Diagnostics 10–11 th July, 09Meeting of Bureau of Indian Standards 24 th August, 09National Seminar on Need of the Dairy Industry – Initiative, Innovation and Improvisation 11–12 th Sep., 09Training Programme on Fundamental Aspects of Dairy Microbes and their Safety Concerns in DairyIndustry29 th Sept., 2009Training Programme on Procurement Related Matters and Financial Management System 17 th – 18 th August, 2009International Non-Violence Day 2 nd Oct. 2009Brain Storming Session on Environment & Animal Housing 5 th -6 th Oct., 2009Confederation of Indian Industry 22 nd Oct., 200967

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Seminar on “Higher Education in India” during National Education Day 11 th Nov., 09ADRP Meeting for 2008-09; North Zone ICAR Research Institutes 12-13 th Nov, 09National Workshop on Security Management in Research and Educational Institutions 19 th Nov., 09Women in Agriculture Day 4 th Dec. 0934 th Annual Convention of Vice-Chancellors of State Agricultural and Veterinary Universities and aNational Symposium on “Application of Bio-Nano Technology in Agriculture and Animal Sciences 7 th Dec., 09for Food Security”National Workshop on “Emerging Machine Learning Techniques in Bioinformatics” 17 th -19 th Dec., 2009Seminar on Financial Literacy and Agricultural Diversification 26 th December, 2009Review meeting of PMAC under NAIP Component-I 29 th Dec., 09Training Programme on Conventional and Rapid Techniques for Monitoring Quality and Safety inDairy Industry.7 th -14 th January 2010Wi Winter School on Recent Advances in Dairy Nutraceuticals and Bio-informatics Applications 1 st -21 st February 2010Plenary Session of 20 th National Congress of Veterinary Parasitology 20 th Feb., 2010Dairy Mela 24-26 th Feb. 10Seminar on “Indian Agriculture Today: Challenges Opportunities and Perspective” during NationalScience Day28 th Feb. 10Brainstorming on Probiotics 5 th March 2010Academic Week 9-13 th March, 10Dr. D. Sundaresan Memorial Lecture 11 th March, 108 th Convocation 13 th March, 10FAO sponsored International Training Programme on Milk Collection, Processing and Marketingfor personnel involved in dairy development activities in Afghanistan.18 th -31 st March 2010Hon'ble N. N. Vohra, Governor of J&K addressing on the occasion of34th IAUA Convention of Vice-ChancellorsDr. Panjab Singh, Former Secretary DARE & DG, ICAR addressing onthe occasion of National Seminar on Indian Dairy & Food Industry68

One Day Sensitization Workshop on “Content Management for E-Learning System using Moodle”under Project Management System26 th April, 2010World Veterinary Day, 2010 Celebrations 27 th April, 2010Second Entrepreneurship Development Programme 17 th - 26 th May 2010Vacation Programme on “Bio-Resources” (VPBR-2010) 31 st May, 2010World Milk Day 1 st June, 2010.Conference on “Science and Spirituality for Balanced Growth of India” 17 th June 2010Training Programme for “Online Access of Journal (CeRA)” at NDRI 9 th June, 2010Short Course on “Technological and Engineering Aspects of Dairy Processing” for 19 professional ofM/s Nestle India Ltd.21 st - 26 th June, 2010Focus Group Discussion on “Manpower Planning in Indian Dairy Sector” 5 th July, 2010Training cum Workshop on “E-linkage of KVKs” 8 th - 9 th July, 2010Consultancy Training Programme on “Starter Cultures and Fermented Milk Products” 12 th -16 th July, 2010.Training Programme on “Manufacturing of Ice-Cream” by TBI 24 th - 29 th July, 2010Agropedia Workshop 31 st July, 2010Training Programme on “SAS: A Comprehensive Overview” 2 nd August to 8 th Sept., 2010Training Programmes for Farmers 16 th - 20 th August, 2010Meeting on “Updation of the Nutrient Requirement for Different Classes of Livestock and NutritiveValue of Indian Feeds”11 th August, 2010Invited Lecture Series under the Aegis of Nutrition Scientist Forum 11 th August, 2010TBI Training Programme on “Commercial Dairy Farming”25 th August to 3 rd September,2010Seminar on “Regulatory Status: Issues and Challenges for Food Beverages” at SRS, NDRI 6 th September, 2010Brainstorming Session on “Haryana Livestock and Dairy Sector: Present Status and Future RoadMap”9 th September, 2010National Seminar on “Indian Dairy and Food Industry – Future Roadmap for Sustainable Growth” 25 th September 2010National Symposium on “Climate Change & Livestock Productivity in India” 7 th and 8 th October, 2010Training Programme on “Laboratory Testing and Product Manufacturing” 11 th - 14 th October, 2010.National Training by Foreign Experts under NAIP on “Hands on Stem Cell Culture for QualityAnimal Production”11 th - 20 th October 2010Six days training programme on “Data Analysis using SAS” 25 th - 31 st October, 2010National Convention on “Zoonotic Diseases : Present Status and Future Roadmap” 30 th October 2010Winter School on “Impact, Vulnerability and Adaptation of Indian Livestock to Impending ClimaticChanges”9 th - 29 th Nov., 2010Winter School on “Dairy Entrepreneurship Development” 10 th - 30 th Nov., 2010Second Meeting and Brian Storming of National Core Group on “Probiotics” 15 th Nov., 2010NDRI - Britannia Industries Meet 18 th Nov., 2010TheQuinquennium Golden2007-201269

TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Winter School on “Advances in Dairy Production Management for Precise Output in Relation toEnvironment and Trade”22 nd November to14 th Dec., 2010NDRI-Industry Meet 1 st Dec., 2010All India Dairy Husbandry Officers’ Workshop-2010 3 rd – 4 th Dec., 2010Winter School on “Data Mining Techniques for Farm Animal Management” 8 th -28 th Dec., 2010Invited Lecture on IPR 21 st Dec., 2010Training programme on “Data Analysis using SAS” 10 th - 15 th Jan., 2011Winter School on “Chemical Analysis of Value Added Dairy Products and their Quality Assurance” 11 th - 31 st January, 2011Brainstorming session “Promotion of Indigenous Dairy Products in International Market” 22 nd January, 2011Training Programme on “Data Analysis using SAS” 24 th - 31 st January, 2011Annual Workshop for NAIP Component for review of 22 NAIP projects in Frontier Areas ofAnimal Sciences4 th February, 2011International Conference on “Frontiers in Reproductive Biotechnology” 9 th - 11 th February 2011Dr. D. Sundaresan Memorial Lecture 17 th February., 2011Ninth Convocation of NDRI Deemed University 19 th February., 2011National Science Day 28 th February, 2011Refresher’s Training on “Procurement and Financial Management” under NAIP 26 th - 28 th February, 2011Training Programmes/Workshops/ Seminars/ Symposia Organized (March 2011 to February 2012)Winter School on “Technological Advances in Novel Dairy Foods” 1 st - 21 st March, 2011National Training Programme on “Intellectual Property Rights” at SRS, Bangalore 9 th - 18 th March, 2011National Training Program on “Databases and Softwares for Analysis of Animal Genetic andBreeding Data”10 th -30 th March, 2011National Training Program on “Recent Techniques in Proteome Analysis” 10 th - 30 th March, 2011National Training Programme on “Hands on Training on Stem Cell Research for Quality Animal Production” 17 th - 30 th March, 2011Advanced Course in Faculty Training on “Advances in Processing and Quality Assurance of Dairy Foods” 22 nd March - 11 th April 2011Training Programme on “Data Analysis using SAS” 22 nd - 28 th March, 2011Farmers’ Awareness and Sensitization Programme on “Climate Change” at Village Jundla underNICRA Project26 th March, 2011Model Dairy Plant certified under ISO: 22000: 2005 23 rd April, 2011World Veterinary Day 30 th April, 2011National Training on Mitigation Strategies for Methane Production from Dairy Animals 2 nd to 16 th May, 2011National Seminar on Multi-Sectoral Innovations for Rural Prosperity 19 th to 21 st May, 2011SAARC Countries Meet on Dairy Sector 25 th – 26 th May, 20111 st Convocation of National Academy of Dairy Science (India) and National Symposium onProbiotic Dairy Foods for Human Health1 st June, 201170

Training Programme on Technological and Safety Aspects of Dairy Processing 13 th – 17 th June, 2011Short Course on Technological and Safety Aspects of Dairy Processing for Professionals of Nestle India 13 th – 17 th June, 2011Silver Jubilee (25 th Course) National Training Program on Technological Developments in Cheeseand Fermented Dairy Foods5 th – 25 th July, 2011National Training Programme on Basic & Applied Approaches in Designing of Dairy BasedNutraceuticals and Functional Foods18 th – 27 th July, 2011.National Workshop on Visioning and Strategic Planning for Dairy Sector in India 2 nd - 3 rd Sept., 2011Short Course on Basic and Technological Aspects of Milk and Milk Products 5 th - 9 th Sept., 2011Training Programme on Data Analysis using SAS 12 th -17 th Sept., 2011Training Programme on Technology Business Incubator 12 th -17 th Sept., 2011National Seminar on Integration of Indian Dairy and Food Industry for Future Sustenance 23 rd -24 th Sept., 2011Farmers-Industry-Scientist Meet at NDRI, Karnal 28 th Sept., 2011International Conference on Functional Dairy Foods-2011 16 th -19 th Nov., , 2011Dairy Conclave: Connecting with the Dairy Farmer 26 th Nov., 2011NDRI-Industry Meet 1 st Dec., 2011Conference on Statistics and Informatics in Agricultural Research 3 rd - 5 th Dec., 2011Awareness Workshop on Foot and Mouth Disease in Dairy Animals 15 th Dec., 2011Winter School on Recent Advances in Functional Fermented Dairy Foods and their Quality Assurance 9 th - 29 th of Dec., 2011National Training Programme on Strategic Use of Cryopreserved Semen for Assisted ReproductiveTechnologies2 nd – 15 th Jan., 2012National Symposium on Recent Advances in Reproductive Biotechnology : Retrospective andProspective Vision30 th – 31 st Jan., 2012TheQuinquennium Golden2007-2012Seminars & Conferences Organised71

Broadening Horizons Beyond Research & Academics...72