Chemistry 1011

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Metal Cations as Weak Acids• Excluding Groups 1 and 2 (alkali metals and alkalineearths), many metal cations are weak acids– A 0.10mol/L solution of aluminum sulfate has a pH of ≈ 3– A 0.10mol/L solution of zinc nitrate has a pH of ≈ 5• These metal ions in solution are hydrated:–Al 3+ is [Al(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+–Zn 2+ is [Zn (H 2 O) 4 ] 2+• The hydrated ions act as Bronsted-Lowry acids:Al(H 2 O) 63+(aq) + H 2 O (aq) H 3 O + (aq) + Al(H 2 O) 5 (OH) 2+ ( aq)ca cb ca cbChemistry 1011 Slot 5 6
Anions as Weak BasesBase K b pK bPO3− 4 2.2 x 10 −2 1.66CO2− 3 2.1 x 10 −4 3.68HPO2− 4 1.6 x 10 −7 6.80The larger the value of K b , the stronger the acidPO 43− (aq) + H 2 O (aq) HPO 42− (aq) + OH − (aq)• The PO 43−ion is a Bronsted-Lowry base. Thesolution will be basic.K b = [HPO 42−] x[OH − ] = 2.2 x 10 −2[PO 43−]Chemistry 1011 Slot 5 7
Page 1 and 2: Chemistry 1011TOPICAcids and BasesT
Page 3 and 4: Hydrolysis of Salts• All salts ar
Page 5: Hydrolysis of Salts• NH 4 Cl is t
Page 9 and 10: Relation between K a and K b• Add
Page 11 and 12: Relative Strengths of Acids and Bas
Page 13 and 14: Predicting Acid-Base Propertiesof S

Chemistry 1011

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