The real options approach to valuation - Haskayne School of Business

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R&D Investments • The pharmaceu*cal industry has become a research-oriented sector that makes a major contribu*on to health care. • The success of the industry in genera*ng a stream of new drugs with important therapeu*c benefits has created an intense public policy debate over issues such as – the financing of the cost of research – the prices charged for its products – the socially op*mal degree of patent protec*on
• There is a trade-‐off between promo*ng innova*ve efforts and securing compe**ve market outcomes. • The expected monopoly profits from drug sales during the life of the patent compensate the innovator for its risky investment. • The onset of compe**on aVer the expira*on of the patent limits the deadweight losses to society that arise from monopoly pricing under the patent. • Regula*on has had important effects on the cost of innova*on in the pharmaceu*cal industry.
Page 1 and 2:
The Real Op*ons Approach to Va
Page 3 and 4:
Outline of Talk • Basic ideas
Page 6 and 7:
Using Real Op*ons • Uncertainty
Page 8 and 9: Investment Projects as Op*ons 3.
Page 10 and 11: Risk Neutral Valua*on • Lets f
Page 12 and 13: Certainty Equivalent Approach NPV
Page 14 and 15: Tradi*onal vs. CE Valua*on Tradi
Page 16 and 17: • If markets are complete (al
Page 19 and 20: Using the Risk Neutral Framewor
Page 21 and 22: True and risk neutral stochas*c
Page 23 and 24: Real Op*ons Valua*on (3) • Nee
Page 25 and 26: Solu*on Procedures
Page 27 and 28: Solu*on Methods (2) • Par*al d
Page 29 and 30: Valuing American Op*ons by Simu
Page 31 and 32: Valuing American Op*ons by Simu
Page 36 and 37: Three Factor Model: Actual (Cort
Page 38 and 39: 30.00Oil Futures 01/08/99Three-Fact
Page 40 and 41: What to do for longer maturi*e
Page 43: NYMEX crude-‐oil futures and
Page 47 and 48: Procedure • We factor analyze
Page 50 and 51: Two Vola*lity Factors (SV2)
Page 52 and 53: Expropria*on Op*on • We value
Page 54 and 55: Assump*ons • We abstract from
Page 56 and 57: Main Results • For a given co
Page 60 and 61: Analysis of R&D projects is a
Page 62 and 63: Research Spending Per New Drug Comp
Page 64 and 65: Mediva*on, Pfizer end work on A
Page 66 and 67: R&D Valua*on 1. Evalua*on of Res
Page 68 and 69: Real Op*ons Approach • Treat t
Page 70 and 71: Patent-protected R&D ProjectInvest
Page 72 and 73: Cash Flow Uncertainty Cash flow
Page 74 and 75: Stochas*c process for the (true
Page 78 and 79: Figure 4:Critical Values for Invest
Page 82 and 83: Compe**on in R&D projects • Co
Page 84 and 85: Current Literature on “Encourag
Page 86 and 87: What’s new in this paper? •
Page 88 and 89: Contract Specifics • Developer
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The real options approach to valuation - Haskayne School of Business

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