Software Engineering for Internet Applications - Student Community

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Where USENET has fallen tragically short isElement 5: "Means of excluding burdensomepeople." Most USENET clients include "bozo filters"that enable an individual user to filter out messagesfrom a persistently troublesome poster. But there isno collective way for a group to exclude a personwho consistently starts irrelevant threads, spamsthe group, abuses others, or otherwise becomesunwelcome.As far as Element 6, software extension bycommunity members themselves, USENET hasdone remarkably well. USENET servers and clientstend to be monolithic C programs where smallmodifications can have catastrophic consequences.On the other hand the average user of the earlyInternet was a skilled software developer. So if notevery USENET user was a programmer of USENET tools it was atleast safe to say that every programmer of USENET tools was a userof USENET.8.2 Beyond USENETFlying isinherentlydangerous. Welike to gloss thatover with cleverrhetoric andcomfortingstatistics, butthese factsremain: gravityis constant andpowerful, andspeed kills. Incombination,they areparticularlydestructive.-- DanManninghamIf the online learning community that you build is only as good asUSENET, congratulate yourself. The Google USENET archivecontains 700 million messages from 20 years. Hundreds ofthousands of people have gotten the answers to their questions, suchas in this December 25, 2001 exchange regarding mounting acamera on the exterior of a glider: .When building our own database-backed discussion forum system,there are some simple improvements that we can add over thetraditional USENET system:• an optional "mail me when a response is posted" field• e-mail summaries or instant alerts• up-to-the-second full text indexing (assuming your RDBMSsupports it)• secure transmission of data to and from the bboard via SSL• collaborative moderation via admin pages to deletestale/ugly/whatever messages• older postings browsable by categoryWhich do you like better, dogs orcats?}[cat cats] {}]]]>I'm sorry, I didn't understand what you said.I'm sorry, I didn't hear you.156193
As in any XML document, every opening tag (e.g., ) has tobe closed, either with a closing tag like , or with a slash (/)at the end of the tag, as in the tag in the next example. Theother important rule to remember is that all attribute values must beenclosed in quotation marks, as in version="2.0". XML is muchstricter than HTML in these two regards.The tag specifies that this is a VoiceXML2.0 document. Within that is a , which can either be aninteractive element -- requesting input from the user -- orinformational. You can have as many forms as you want within aVoiceXML document. A is a container for your executables,meaning that all your tags that make your application do something,such as , , and a variety of others, can beclumped together inside of a block. text willread the text with a TTS converter, whereas will play a pre-recorded .wav audio file.10.7 Exercise 3Sign up for a developer account at one of the VoiceXML Gateways(see list at end of chapter). All of the gateways have free developeraccounts and many useful services for developers. We preferBeVocal for its extensive documentation and the plethora of tools itprovides, including: a syntax checker; a Web-based emulator so thatyou can do some of your testing on your PC without using atelephone; an on-line debugger; a log of calls, including errormessages, variable values, and even recordings of the actual userutterances; a library of grammars and code that you can use; andmore. However, all of the gateways have their own strengths andweaknesses, so use the one you like the best; there is no wrongchoice.The gateway will assign you a telephone number or extension thatyou can point to your Web server. Point it to a file called helloworld.vxmlthat contains the VoiceXML example above. This exampleshould work with most gateways, but each gateway employs slightlydifferent VoiceXML syntax, so glance over the online documentationprovided for the gateway you choose.More dramatic improvements can be obtained with attention toElement 5: "Means of excluding burdensome people." Your softwarecan do the SQL query "show me users who've submitted questionsthat were deleted by a moderator as redundant" and thenautomatically welcome those users back to the forum with aninterstitial page explaining how to search and browse archivedthreads. If the online community is short on moderator time it willmake a lot of sense to query for those users whose postings haveresulted in moderator intervention. If it turns out that 0.1 percent ofthe users consume 50 percent of the moderators' time, perhaps it isbetter to ban those handful of users and thereby double thecommunity's available moderation resources.As the semester proceeds you'll discover another advantage ofbuilding your own discussion forum, which is that it becomes anintegrated part of your service. All of a user's contributions in differentareas, including the discussion forum, are queryable from a singledatabase and viewable on a single page.8.3 Exercise 1Visit five sites on the public Internet with discussion forums, one ofwhich can be the Medium Format Digest forum onhttp://www.photo.net. For each site gather the following statistics:• given an already-registered user, the number of clicksrequired to post a message• the number of clicks required to go from the top-level forumpage to a single thread• if there are 20 postings within a thread, the number of clicksrequired to view all the text within all of the postings• how many clicks does it take to view the subject lines of allarchived postings in a particular categoryList the user interface and customer service features that you thinkare the best from these five sites and give a brief explanation of whyeach feature is good.10.8 More VoiceXMLHere's an example that accepts user input and behaves differentlydepending on what the user says:192157
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