Description <strong>of</strong> Courses130cover major provisions <strong>of</strong> some <strong>of</strong> the importantInternational Financial Reporting Standards asapplicable in Pakistan and major SECPpronouncements affecting financial reporting <strong>of</strong> publiclylisted companies.ACC561 Analysis <strong>of</strong> Financial StatementsDuring the present era <strong>of</strong> business acquisitions,mergers, leveraged buyouts and restructuring and inview <strong>of</strong> constantly evolving financial reportingrefinements and large scale manipulation <strong>of</strong> financialreporting to control perceptions <strong>of</strong> investors andlenders, the need for vigorous and meaningful analysis<strong>of</strong> financial statements cannot be overemphasized.This course aims at developing a deeper understanding<strong>of</strong> accounting principles and standards underlying thedata being analyzed and the analytical tools andtechniques used for meaningful decision-making. Thetopics covered include discussion <strong>of</strong> adversarial nature<strong>of</strong> financial reporting, balance sheet limitations, revenueexaggeration and expense manipulation, nature andtypes <strong>of</strong> reserves, deferred taxes, performancemeasures and ratios, financial flexibility and leveragedbuyouts and growth rates and valuation viarestructuring potential. The course is taught largelythrough case studies and real life business problems,thereby stimulating effective student participation inthe learning process.Prerequisite:ACC501/ACC201ACC589 Project Evaluation & FinancingThe topics covered include developing schematicframework for feasibility studies, conventional andnon-conventional measures <strong>of</strong> investment worth theirlimitations and problems, developing project cashflows under special decision situations, investmentappraisals under conditions <strong>of</strong> uncertainty and capitalrationing, foreign tax credits, pre-investment andexcess capacity related issues. The course also focuseson determining cost <strong>of</strong> capital, identifying, accessingand developing the optimal financing-mix.Prerequisite: ACC201 or ACC501LAW COURSESLAW105 Politics and LawThis course includes the basic theories, concepts,approaches and enduring questions <strong>of</strong> political science.It provides in-depth knowledge and analytical skills tounderstand modern politics in historical context.Further, it provides a glimpse <strong>of</strong> local and internationallaws (i.e. War crimes, crimes against humanity ,terrorism, political asylums etc.) and the effectiveness<strong>of</strong> politics within the framework <strong>of</strong> applicable laws.LAW205 <strong>Business</strong> LawThe contents <strong>of</strong> this course include Contract Act, Sales<strong>of</strong> Goods Act, Negotiable Instruments, Partnerships,and Company Acts. This course aims to provide a basicintroduction to these laws and an appreciation <strong>of</strong> thelegal system in Pakistan.LAW301 Laws <strong>of</strong> TaxationThis course familiarizes students with the fundamentals<strong>of</strong> income tax in Pakistan. Major emphasis is placedon the concept <strong>of</strong> taxable income, preparation <strong>of</strong> incometax returns for individuals, partnerships and joint stockcompanies.Prerequisite: MGT201/MGT400LAW303 TaxationTaxation is an important tool for fiscal and economicmanagement <strong>of</strong> a country by the Government. It isimposed on economic units to finance the expenditure<strong>of</strong> a Government and it is also used by Governmentsto encourage or discourage a certain sector / activityin the economy. Taxes consist <strong>of</strong> Direct Taxes andIndirect Taxes. The challenge for any Government isdesigning and implementing a taxation system whichcreates an equitable taxation regime based on soundtaxation principles. In wake <strong>of</strong> the above backgroundobjective <strong>of</strong> this course will enable students to;• Understand the structure <strong>of</strong> taxation system& laws in Pakistan;• Learn practical application <strong>of</strong> taxation laws fordecision making and planning in different economicand business scenarios.LAW305 Corporate LawThis course provides an understanding <strong>of</strong> basic rules<strong>of</strong> corporate law such as formation <strong>of</strong> a company,separate legal entity, limited liability and role <strong>of</strong>company's directors & auditors. Further, the evaluation<strong>of</strong> corporate problems, identifying appropriate legalobligations, duties, rights and remedies are an integralpart <strong>of</strong> this course.LAW401 Tax Management and OptimizationThis course is an extension <strong>of</strong> initial tax paper. Itemphasizes on building a tax strategy by setting taxobjectives and priorities and then negotiating andallocating resources accordingly. This course is
Description <strong>of</strong> Coursesdeveloped keeping in mind the global business contextwhere a company's corporate and tax strategies moveline by line. It demonstrates the effect <strong>of</strong> double taxtreaties and how financial resources can be optimizedby effective tax strategy.LAW501 Legal and Regulatory Environment <strong>of</strong><strong>Business</strong><strong>Business</strong> decisions are made within the context <strong>of</strong> acomplex regulatory framework. This course familiarizesthe students with the laws and regulations at bothnational and global level that are pertinent to businessdecision-making. In addition to general introduction<strong>of</strong> legal framework, the course covers nature andimplications <strong>of</strong> specific regulations such as companylaw, prudential regulations, WTO, Basle, IOSCO etc.LAW553 Corporate Governance & Practices inPakistanIn view <strong>of</strong> increasing corporate frauds arising mainlydue to failure <strong>of</strong> proper internal CorporateGovernance causing significant harm to all thestakeholders, the need for effective CorporateGovernance and its proper implementation cannot beoveremphasized. The topics covered in the courseinclude the need for good Corporate Governance,discussion <strong>of</strong> Concepts, Principles and Systems <strong>of</strong>Corporate Governance, benefits <strong>of</strong> good CorporateGovernance and detailed examination and criticalevaluation <strong>of</strong> the Code <strong>of</strong> Corporate Governance <strong>of</strong>Pakistan along with their implementation-relatedissues. Qualifications, responsibilities, powers andfunctions <strong>of</strong> the 'Board <strong>of</strong> Directors', 'Chief FinancialOfficer (CFO)' and 'Company Secretary' are thoroughlydiscussed. Responsibilities <strong>of</strong> internal and externalauditors for financial reporting and corporatecompliance are also discussed. This course isconducted on a seminar basis ensuring greaterparticipation <strong>of</strong> students in the classroom discussions.Department <strong>of</strong> Economics & FinanceECONOMICS COURSESECO103 Principles <strong>of</strong> MicroeconomicsThe course is intended to give an understanding <strong>of</strong> thebasic concepts and terminologies <strong>of</strong> microeconomics.The course starts with an overview <strong>of</strong> the social systemand economic problem. The topics <strong>of</strong> discussion includelaws <strong>of</strong> demand and supply, market equilibrium anddetermination <strong>of</strong> price, the utility theory, laws <strong>of</strong>diminishing marginal utility and equi-marginal utilities,budget constraint and consumer's equilibrium,business enterprises, objectives <strong>of</strong> the firm, productionand cost functions and market structure.ECO104 Principles <strong>of</strong> MacroeconomicsThe objective <strong>of</strong> this course is to introduce themacroeconomic concepts, issues and their mutualrelationships. Topics like business cycles: boom anddepression, inflation and unemployment, measures <strong>of</strong>national income: gross domestic product (GDP) andgross national product (GNP), open and closed economymodels, aggregate markets: product, money, laborand capital markets, components <strong>of</strong> aggregate demand,theories <strong>of</strong> absolute and comparative advantage, andbalance <strong>of</strong> payment. The course also introduces themeaning and objectives <strong>of</strong> fiscal and monetary policies.ECO113 Intermediate MicroeconomicsThe objective <strong>of</strong> the course is to clarify and extendfurther the microeconomic concepts and to developanalytical skills <strong>of</strong> the students along with strengtheningtheir conceptual base. The course emphasizes on threemain areas. The first area focuses on consumer theoryincluding utility functions and demand elasticity andincome elasticity. The second area covers the behavior<strong>of</strong> firms and includes topics like output maximizationsubject to cost constraint, costs <strong>of</strong> production,economies <strong>of</strong> scale and returns to scale. The thirdarea focuses on the market structure and includes adiscussion <strong>of</strong> perfect market, monopoly, monopolisticcompetition and oligopoly.Pre-requisite: ECO103, MTS101ECO1<strong>14</strong> Intermediate MacroeconomicsThis course is intended to develop the students' capacityto understand the issues and problems <strong>of</strong> the economyin a global scenario. The major topics <strong>of</strong> discussioninclude Classical and Keynesian schools <strong>of</strong> thought,theories <strong>of</strong> consumption, determinants <strong>of</strong> nationalincome and investment, demand and supply <strong>of</strong> moneyand the labor market. Special emphasis will be placedon discussion the saving-investment gap in developingcountries and the problem <strong>of</strong> inflation andunemployment with reference to Pakistan's economy.The students will be required to read and understandthe Economic Survey, Annual Reports <strong>of</strong> State Bank<strong>of</strong> Pakistan, ADBP and World Bank.Pre-requisite: ECO104, MTS101ECO301 Development EconomicsThis course focuses on factors that spur economicgrowth and analyzes the equation between economicgrowth and human welfare. It also critically examinesvarious measures taken for human welfare. In addition,changes in economic structures such as sectoraloutput and employment relations and variousdevelopmental policies/strategies regarding distribution<strong>of</strong> income and sectoral development are focused upon.Pre-requisite: ECO103, ECO104& MTS112ECO312 MicroeconomicsThe objective <strong>of</strong> this course is to confront the studentsto the advanced theoretical concepts <strong>of</strong>microeconomics and expose them to the rigorousanalysis with mathematical tools at hand. The topics<strong>of</strong> discussion include utility maximization and ordinary(Marshallian) demand functions, cost minimizationand compensated (Hicksian) demand functions, theory<strong>of</strong> production and supply, efficiency <strong>of</strong> competitivemarket, the economic cost <strong>of</strong> imperfect competition,theorems <strong>of</strong> optimality/welfare, and the trade<strong>of</strong>fbetween equity and efficiency.Pre-requisite: ECO113, MTS112 & MTS201ECO313 MacroeconomicsThe course is intended to give the students a strongtheoretical foundation so as to understand the realproblems <strong>of</strong> the economy with particular emphasis oninflation, unemployment, instability, deficit and debtto which the developing countries are confronted at131