Semiconductor Crystals - Physics Department - University College ...

“sp” Hybrid OrbitalsEx: BeCl 2The Be-Cl bonds in BeCl 2 are neitherspherical (s orbitals) nor dumbbell (porbitals)The Be-Cl bonds have a hybrid shapeIn the Beryllium atom the 2s orbitaland one of the 2p orbitals mix to form2 sp hybrid orbitalsEach Be Hybrid sp orbital overlaps aChlorine 3p orbital in BeCl 2hybridorbitalsBeryllium Hybrid Orbital Diagramorbital box diagramsColáiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh, ÉireROINN NA FISICE Department of PY4118 Physics ofUniversity College Cork, Ireland PhysicsSemiconductor Devices 2.7“sp 2 ” Hybridization sp 2 - Trigonal Planar geometry (Central atom bonded to three ligands) The three bonds have equivalent hybridized shapes The sp 2 hybridized orbitals are formed from:1 “s” orbital and 2 “p” orbitalsNote: Of the 4 orbitals available (1 s & 3 p) only the sorbital and 2 of the p orbitals are used to formhybrid orbitalsNote: Unlike electron configuration notation, hybridorbital notation uses superscripts for the number ofatomic orbitals of a given type that are mixed, NOT forthe number of electrons in the orbital, thus,sp 2 (3 orbitals), sp 3 (4 orbitals)Coláiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh, ÉireROINN NA FISICE Department of PY4118 Physics ofUniversity College Cork, Ireland PhysicsSemiconductor Devices 2.84