REFERENCES[340] Drescher, M., Hentschel, M., Kienberger, R., Tempea, G., Spielmann, C., Reider, G., Corkum,P., & Krausz, F. Science 291, 1923 (2001). 127[341] Hentschel, M., Kienberger, R., Spielmann, C., Reider, G. A., Milosevic, N., Brabec, T.,Corkum, P., Heinzmann, U., Drescher, M., & Krausz, F. Nature 414, 509 (2001). 127[342] Kienberger, R., Goulielmakis, E., Uiberacker, M., Baltuska, A., Yakovlev, V., Bammer, F.,Scrinzi, A., Westerwalbesloh, T., Kleineberg, U., Heinzmann, U., et al. Nature 427, 817 (2004).127, 152[343] López-Martens, R., Varjú, K., Johnsson, P., Mauritsson, J., Mairesse, Y., Salières, P., Gaarde,M., Schafer, K., Persson, A., Svanberg, S., et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 33001 (2005). 127[344] Stockman, M. I., Kling, M. F., Kleineberg, U., & Krausz, F. Nat. Photon. 1, 539 (2007). 127[345] Remacle, F. & Levine, R. D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103, 6793 (2006). 127[346] Uiberacker, M., Uphues, T., Schultze, M., Verhoef, A. J., Yakovlev, V., Kling, M. F., Rauschenberger,J., Kabachnik, N. M., Schroder, H., Lezius, M., Kompa, K. L., Muller, H.-G., Vrakking,M. J. J., Hendel, S., Kleineberg, U., Heinzmann, U., Drescher, M., & Krausz, F. Nature 446,627 (2007). 127[347] Cavalieri, A. L., Muller, N., Uphues, T., Yakovlev, V. S., Baltuska, A., Horvath, B., Schmidt,B., Blumel, L., Holzwarth, R., Hendel, S., Drescher, M., Kleineberg, U., Echenique, P. M.,Kienberger, R., Krausz, F., & Heinzmann, U. Nature 449, 1029 (2007). 127[348] Lein, M., Hay, N., Velotta, R., Marangos, J. P., & Knight, P. L. Phys. Rev. A 66, 023805 (2002).128[349] Lein, M., Hay, N., Velotta, R., Marangos, J. P., & Knight, P. L. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 183903 (2002).128[350] Torres, R., Kajumba, N., Underwood, J., Robinson, J., Baker, S., Tisch, J., de Nalda, R., Bryan,W., Velotta, R., Altucci, C., et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 203007 (2007). 128[351] Velotta, R., Hay, N., Mason, M. B., Castillejo, M., & Marangos, J. P. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 183901(2001). 128[352] Nalda, R. d., Heesel, E., Lein, M., Hay, N., Velotta, R., Springate, E., Castillejo, M., & Marangos,J. P. Phys. Rev. A 69, 031804 (2004). 128[353] Vozzi, C., Calegari, F., Benedetti, E., Caumes, J.-P., Sansone, G., Stagira, S., Nisoli, M., Torres,R., Heesel, E., Kajumba, N., Marangos, J. P., Altucci, C., & Velotta, R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95,153902 (2005). 128[354] Kanai, T., Minemoto, S., & Sakai, H. Nature 435, 470 (2005). 128[355] Itatani, J., Levesque, J., Zeidler, D., Niikura, H., Pépin, H., Kieffer, J., & Corkum, P. Nature432, 867 (2004). 128[356] Schwarz, W. H. E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 45, 1508 (2006). 128, 157[357] Patchkovskii, S., Zhao, Z., Brabec, T., & Villeneuve, D. M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 123003 (2006).128[358] Lein, M. J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 40, R135 (2007). 128[359] Niikura, H., Legare, F., Hasbani, R., Bandrauk, A. D., Ivanov, M. Y., Villeneuve, D. M., &Corkum, P. B. Nature 417, 917 (2002). 128[360] Niikura, H., Legare, F., Hasbani, R., Ivanov, M. Y., Villeneuve, D. M., & Corkum, P. B. Nature421, 826 (2003). 128[361] Alnaser, A. S., Osipov, T., Benis, E. P., Wech, A., Shan, B., Cocke, C. L., Tong, X. M., & Lin, C. D.240
REFERENCESPhys. Rev. Lett. 91, 163002 (2003). 128[362] Lein, M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053004 (2005). 129[363] Baker, S., Robinson, J., Haworth, C., Teng, H., Smith, R., Chirila, C., Lein, M., Tisch, J., &Marangos, J. Science 312, 424 (2006). 129, 219[364] Baker, S., Robinson, J. S., Lein, M., Chirilă, C. C., Torres, R., Bandulet, H. C., Comtois, D.,Kieffer, J. C., Villeneuve, D. M., Tisch, J. W. G., & Marangos, J. P. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 053901(2008). 129[365] Niikura, H., Villeneuve, D. M., & Corkum, P. B. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 083003 (2005). 129[366] Corkum, P. B. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1994 (1993). 129, 133[367] Kitzler, M. & Lezius, M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 253001 (2005). 131, 188[368] Lewenstein, M., Balcou, P., Ivanov, M. Y., L’Huillier, A., & Corkum, P. B. Phys. Rev. A 49, 2117(1994). 132, 135, 138, 140, 187[369] Gavrila, M. San Diego (1992). 134[370] Ammosov, M., Delone, N., & Krainov, V. Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191 (1986). 137, 140[371] Kohler, M. C., Ott, C., Raith, P., Heck, R., Schlegel, I., Keitel, C. H., & Pfeifer, T. Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 203902 (2010). 138[372] Bleistein, N. & Handelsman, R. Asymptotic Expansions of Integrals. Dover Publications(1986). 139[373] Milošević, D. & Becker, W. Phys. Rev. A 66, 063417 (2002). 140, 142, 143[374] Popruzhenko, S. V., Korneev, P. A., Goreslavski, S. P., & Becker, W. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 023001(2002). 140[375] Chipperfield, L. E. <strong>High</strong> Harmonic Generation with Few-Cycle <strong>Pulses</strong>. Ph.D. thesis, ImperialCollege London (2007). 140, 142, 225[376] Figueira de Morisson Faria, C., Schomerus, H., & Becker, W. Phys. Rev. A 66, 43413 (2002).142, 143[377] Gaarde, M. B., Tate, J. L., & Schafer, K. J. J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 41, 132001 (2008). 144[378] Gaarde, M. B., Salin, F., Constant, E., Balcou, P., Schafer, K. J., Kulander, K. C., & L’Huillier, A.Phys. Rev. A 59, 1367 (1999). 144[379] Schapper, F., Holler, M., Auguste, T., Zaïr, A., Weger, M., Salières, P., Gallmann, L., & Keller, U.Opt. Express 18, 2987 (2010). 145[380] Balcou, P., Sali‘eres, P., L’Huillier, A., & Lewenstein, M. Phys. Rev. A 55, 3204 (1997). 146[381] Balcou, P., Dederichs, A. S., Gaarde, M. B., & L’Huillier, A. J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 32,2973 (1999). 146, 188[382] Lindner, F., Paulus, G. G., Walther, H., Baltuška, A., Goulielmakis, E., Lezius, M., & Krausz, F.Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 113001 (2004). 147[383] Lipson, S., Lipson, H., & Tannhauser, D. Optical physics. Cambridge Univ Pr (1995). 147[384] Geissler, M., Tempea, G., & Brabec, T. Phys. Rev. A 62, 033817 (2000). 147, 148[385] L’Huillier, A., Auguste, T., Balcou, P., Carré, B., Monot, P., Salieres, P., Altucci, C., Gaarde, M.,Larsson, J., Mevel, E., et al. Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials 4, 647 (1995).147[386] Rae, S. C., Burnett, K., & Cooper, J. Phys. Rev. A 50, 3438 (1994). 148[387] Wood, W. M., Focht, G., & Downer, M. C. Opt. Lett. 13, 984 (1988). 148241
- Page 1 and 2:
High-resolution InterferometricDiag
- Page 5 and 6:
AcknowledgementsMy supervisor Ian W
- Page 8 and 9:
6 High-harmonic generation 1256.1 D
- Page 10 and 11:
List of acronymsADK Ammosov, Delone
- Page 12 and 13:
Definitions and symbolsAll Fourier
- Page 14 and 15:
1. INTRODUCTIONprofile in space as
- Page 17 and 18:
2 BackgroundThis dissertation prese
- Page 19 and 20:
2.1 Metrology, ultrashort pulses, a
- Page 21 and 22:
2.1 Metrology, ultrashort pulses, a
- Page 23 and 24:
2.2 Formal introduction to ultrasho
- Page 25 and 26:
2.2 Formal introduction to ultrasho
- Page 27 and 28:
2.2 Formal introduction to ultrasho
- Page 29 and 30:
2.2 Formal introduction to ultrasho
- Page 31 and 32:
2.2 Formal introduction to ultrasho
- Page 33 and 34:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 35 and 36:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 37 and 38:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 39 and 40:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 41 and 42:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 43 and 44:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 45 and 46:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 47 and 48:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 49 and 50:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 51 and 52:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 53 and 54:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 55 and 56:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 57 and 58:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 59 and 60:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 61 and 62:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 63 and 64:
2.3 Introduction to ultrashort puls
- Page 65 and 66:
2.4 Extending ultrashort metrology
- Page 67 and 68:
2.4 Extending ultrashort metrology
- Page 69 and 70:
2.4 Extending ultrashort metrology
- Page 71 and 72:
2.4 Extending ultrashort metrology
- Page 73 and 74:
2.4 Extending ultrashort metrology
- Page 75 and 76:
3 Phase reconstruction algorithm fo
- Page 77 and 78:
3.1 Motivationration of information
- Page 79 and 80:
3.2 Quantitative noise analysis for
- Page 81 and 82:
3.3 Nature of the input datato give
- Page 83 and 84:
3.4 Sampling and uniqueness of solu
- Page 85 and 86:
3.5 Main algorithmfrom all the shea
- Page 87 and 88:
3.5 Main algorithmsituation, Γ k ,
- Page 89 and 90:
3.5 Main algorithmfor j = 1,2,...,k
- Page 91 and 92:
3.6 Implications for the relative p
- Page 93 and 94:
3.7 Signal-to-noise ratio cost of a
- Page 95 and 96:
3.8 Signal-to-noise ratio benefit o
- Page 97 and 98:
3.9 Numerical comparison of single-
- Page 99 and 100:
3.9 Numerical comparison of single-
- Page 101 and 102:
3.9 Numerical comparison of single-
- Page 103 and 104:
3.10 Summary, critical evaluation,
- Page 105 and 106:
4 Experimental implementations of m
- Page 107 and 108:
4.1 Sequential acquisition of shear
- Page 109 and 110:
4.1 Sequential acquisition of shear
- Page 111 and 112:
4.2 Simultaneous acquisition of she
- Page 113 and 114:
4.2 Simultaneous acquisition of she
- Page 115 and 116:
4.2 Simultaneous acquisition of she
- Page 117 and 118:
5 Compact Space-time SPIDERIn this
- Page 119 and 120:
5.2 Role of the measurement planetr
- Page 121 and 122:
5.3 Analysis of ST-SPIDERof design
- Page 123 and 124:
5.4 A common-path re-imaging ST-SPI
- Page 125 and 126:
5.4 A common-path re-imaging ST-SPI
- Page 127 and 128:
5.4 A common-path re-imaging ST-SPI
- Page 129 and 130:
5.4 A common-path re-imaging ST-SPI
- Page 131 and 132:
5.5 Experimental exampleRomero [295
- Page 133 and 134:
5.6 Effect of miscalibrationy (pix)
- Page 135:
5.7 Summary and outlooknow perform
- Page 138 and 139:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONcurrent
- Page 140 and 141:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONcomponen
- Page 142 and 143:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION00−I p
- Page 144 and 145:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION (t ) (E
- Page 146 and 147:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONstationa
- Page 148 and 149:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION10080log
- Page 150 and 151:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONwhere re
- Page 152 and 153:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION• Sadd
- Page 154 and 155:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONgiven in
- Page 156 and 157:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONderivati
- Page 158 and 159:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONPhase ma
- Page 160 and 161:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION30(S31)2
- Page 162 and 163:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONwhere W
- Page 164 and 165:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONtheir re
- Page 166 and 167:
6. HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATIONsmall pi
- Page 168 and 169:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 170 and 171:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 172 and 173:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 174 and 175:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 176 and 177:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 178 and 179:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 180 and 181:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 182 and 183:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 184 and 185:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 186 and 187:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 188 and 189:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 190 and 191:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 192 and 193:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 194 and 195:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 196 and 197:
7. LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY
- Page 198 and 199:
8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 200 and 201:
8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 202 and 203: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 204 and 205: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 206 and 207: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 208 and 209: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 210 and 211: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 212 and 213: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 214 and 215: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 216 and 217: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 218 and 219: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 220 and 221: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 222 and 223: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 224 and 225: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 226 and 227: 8. QUANTUM-PATH INTERFEROMETRY IN H
- Page 229 and 230: 9 Summary and outlookThis chapter s
- Page 231: the vacuum chamber on the laser pul
- Page 234 and 235: A. NOISE AND UNCERTAINTYdomain, so
- Page 236 and 237: A. NOISE AND UNCERTAINTYUsing the i
- Page 238 and 239: B. SIMULATION CODES FOR HIGH-HARMON
- Page 241 and 242: References[1] Rakov, V. & Uman, M.
- Page 243 and 244: REFERENCES247 (1999). 11[63] Stiben
- Page 245 and 246: REFERENCES[127] Gyuzalian, R., Sogo
- Page 247 and 248: REFERENCES[189] Kornelis, W., Biege
- Page 249 and 250: REFERENCES[254] Geindre, J. P., Aud
- Page 251: REFERENCES[313] L’Huillier, A. &
- Page 255 and 256: REFERENCESMarangos, J. In Conferenc