Converting Waste Agricultural Biomass into a Resource - UNEP

Compendium shows existing samples in the Southeast Asia. Gasification
and Pyrolysis have most technologies in the demonstration stage. These
technologies are concentrated in Europe, USA, Japan and India. Bio-oil
and bio-chemical applications are mostly in the research and development
stage and are distributed in Europe, North America and Japan.
D. Conversion to materials
Table 2 shows the major conversion technologies for converting biomass
waste to materials and their products. It summarizes entries in Part II of
the Compendium. The table illustrates the great potential of waste
biomass for conversion to a variety of materials.
Table 2: Cellulosic Biomass Waste Conversion to Materials
Conversion Process Biomass Waste Product
Bio-reduction Pineapple leaves
Sugarcane residues
Wheat straw
Cotton gin
Animal feed, industrial
absorbents and
additives for beverages
Wheat straw
polypropylene Pelletized
feedstock, fertilizer
Bio-refinery system Rice husk Silica, Metal Finishing,
Water Soluble Oil &
Synthetic Lubricant
Sugarcane bagasse
Wheat straw
Decortication Abaca Leaves
Coconut husk
Pina leaves
Hot melt process Kenaf Fibers,
Sugarcane bagasse
Hydro-separation Sugar mill boiler ash
from bagasse
Lumber materials
Panel boards
Fiber craft, cordage,
textile and fabrics, pulp,
and specialty papers,
Coconut fiber
Rope and twine, brooms
and brushes, doormats,
rugs, mattresses and
upholstery, often in
rubberized coir pads
Elegant pina cloth
Paper and packaging
materials
Filtration materials and
absorbent products
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