Top 20, Great Grammar for Great Writing, First Edition Teaching Notes

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In Exercise 8, students work with all of the forms covered in this unit. Exercise 9 is ashort review multiple-choice exercise. In Exercise 10, students fill in the blanks in aconversation with a correct past modal form of the given verb.Exercise 11 is a short editing exercise.Exercise 12 is an opportunity for students to do original writing that demonstrates theirmastery of the material in this chapter. The theme is an important event in history or inthe writer’s life.2
Top 20, Great Grammar for Great Writing, First EditionTeaching Noteshttp://esl.college.hmco.com/instructorsCopyright Houghton Mifflin CompanyChapter 11Gerunds and InfinitivesOverviewThis chapter deals with the many uses of gerunds and infinitives. It begins with theproper form of gerunds (gerund phrases) and the verbs they follow. Infinitives are thendescribed, along with the verbs they follow. Finally, a list of verbs that take eithergerunds or infinitives is included in the chapter.Teaching NotesForming Gerunds and Gerund Phrases and Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases (11.1)Lower-level students often have problems understanding the concept of a gerund: “but itlooks like a verb! How can it be a noun?” At this point, instructors can spend a fewminutes pointing out the difference between FORM and FUNCTION. Gerunds areFORMED by adding an –ing to the base form of a verb (just like the present participleused in the present progressive verb tense.) However, the FUNCTION of a gerund is notto show action. The function of a gerund is to serve as the subject, object, etc.The same is true of INFINITIVES.On the blackboard, instructors may use sample sentences to show that the function ofgerunds and infinitives can be the same as nouns:Lisa likes pizza.Lisa likes EATING pizzaS V obj S V objExercise 1 is simply a review in identifying gerunds or infinitives.Gerunds and Gerund Phrases (11.2)This section reiterates the function of gerunds. The four main groups, subject, directobject, subject complement, and object of preposition, are highlighted. Students mayneed a brief review of the four functions before completing Exercise 2.Verbs Commonly Followed by Gerunds (11.2.1)The list in this section of Chapter 8 should be reviewed with the students beforecompleting Exercise 3.Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases (11.3)1
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Top 20, Great Grammar for Great Writing, First Edition Teaching Notes

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