isec - Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

FIRST HALF YEARLY
MONITORING REPORT OF
INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
CHANGE, (ISEC) BANGALORE ON SSA
FOR KARNATAKA STATE
FOR THE PERIOD
1 st August 2008 to 31 st January 2009
DISTRICTS COVERED
Kodagu
Dakshina Kannada
Udupi

SSA Monitoring of Kodagu District of Karnataka: A
Report
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Prepared by
Dr. M.D.Usha Devi
ISEC, Bangalore
Submitted to
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Government of India
2009
1

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Preface
The present monitoring report relating to Kodagu District of Karnataka is an outcome of
the task assigned by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, and
the task accomplished by the Institute for Social and Economic Change, (ISEC) Bangalore for
monitoring progress and implementation of SSA activities in Karnataka.
The task required visiting two blocks in the district as sample blocks covering 19 schools,
four BRCs and five CRCs along with capturing activities under Out of School Strategies and civil
works. The monitoring task has been accomplished satisfactorily with the cooperation extended
by the State Project Office, the District Project Office and the sub-district office functionaries and
the project team members. In particular, Sri. Shankar, Dy.PC of Kodagu district, his predecessor,
Sri. Machado and his SSA team who extended excellent support in the field at various stages of
this work deserve special word of appreciation and thanks from us. The coordinator is indeed
thankful to the MHRD for having given this wonderful opportunity to visit different districts,
understand the implementation of SSA across the blocks in the district and to prepare reports
based on the analysis of the field data captured. Our thanks are also due to the State Project
Director, Director (SSA Programmes), programme officers from the state project office, SSA
Mission, GoK and all those who have provided excellent cooperation in this endeavour.
The coordinator is also thankful to the Director, ISEC for extending full support to carryout
the SSA monitoring task. The entire project team deserves the appreciation for the professional
support rendered at various stages in this huge monitoring task.
The final report is prepared keeping in view the terms of reference given by the MHRD. It
is hoped that the readers of this report would get a picture of how Kodagu district is performing
in implementing SSA programme.
2
M. D. Usha Devi
Coordinator, MHRD/GoI SSA
Monitoring
Karnataka

Project Team
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
3
Position in the Project
1 Dr. M.D.Usha Devi Coordinator & MHRD Team Lead
Member, Kodagu District
2 Mr. Datta Saraf
3 Sri. P. Mahadeviah
Desk Officer, Kodagu District
Field Officer, Kodagu District
4 Sri. Machaiah Field Investigator, Virajpet Block
5 Sri. Janardhan Field Investigator, Madikeri Block

Preface
Project Team
Content page
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Contents
Chapter 1: District Profile and Historical Background
Chapter 2: Methodology Used:
2.1 Sampling Design
2.2 Tools for Data Collection
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Chapter 3: Review of AWP&B and Analysis of Field Data
4

DISTRICT PROFILE
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 1
DISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE
ZILLA PANCHAYATH
DEPUTY COMMISIONER CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
ZILLAPANCHAYATH
ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER DDPI (ADMN) & DDPI (DEV)
TAHASILDARS
REVENUE INPECTORS
VILLAGE PANCHAYATH
SECRETARIES
5
DYPC EDUCATION
OFFICERS
BLOCK EDUCATION OFFICERS
APC BRC SIs
BRP CRP HM'S ECs

GENERAL PROFILE
1. Geographical area of the dist. in Square Kms. -4102 Sq. Kms.
2. No. of Revenue blocks -03
3. No. of Educational blocks -03
4. No. of City corporation -01
5. No. of Town Panchayath -05
6. No. of Assembly constituency -03
7. No. of habitations -605
8. No. of villages -303
9. No. of Grama Panchayath -97
10. Percapita income -Rs.3535/year
Kodagu is a small district having 03 taluks. The population is 5,45,322 as per 2001
census. It is having a total area of 4102 Sq. kms.
Physical features: Kodagu is known for its scenic beauty and attracts tourists. Madikeri the
district head quarters is 1270 meters above sea level. The district has valleys, coffee and
cardamom plantations. Many rivers flow here and it is the birthplace of river Kaveri
Weather: The weather is cool and pleasant. It is situated in western ghats and the average rain
fall is 2725mm per year.
Forests: Kodagu has 410775 hectares of land out of which 134615 hectares are forests.
Life style, Culture: Kodagu is a peculiar district having its own lifestyle and culture. Kodavas
the native of this district have their own lifestyle and culture which is very special and attractive.
Even their customs are very attractive and distinct in nature. This community has given birth to
two great personalities in General Cariappa and General Thimmaiah who are very famous in our
country and regarded as patriot sons of India.
This district has a number of sanctuaries. The important among them are Talacauvery
wild life sanctuary, Pushpagiri wildlife sanctuary, Nagarhole National park and Brahmagiri wild life
sanctuary. This district has a number of tourist places to see, important among them being Irpu
falls, Abbey falls, Harangi dam, Dubare forest, Thalacauvery and Igguthappa temple.
The major industries of this district are coffee curing, Honey and wax products and spice
industry. These industries play a pivotal role in the economy of the district.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
6

SL
NO
BLOCK
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
AREA IN
Sq.Kms.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
7
POPULATION
1991 2001
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
1 MADIKERI 1449 64200 63200 127400 70987 71025 142012
2 SOMWARPET 999 91700 90800 182500 102739 103182 205921
3 VIRAJPET 1646 90900 87600 178500 101105 99523 200628
TOTAL 4102 246800 241600 488400 274831 273730 548561
source census 2001
Though the area of Madikeri and Virajpet taluks is more than Somwarpet taluk the
population in these two taluks are less due to geographical reason. However Somwarpet taluk
has a denser population due to its plain surface and flat lands.
Sl.No. Block Total
Details of SC and ST population
population
Total
SC
Percentage Total
ST
Percentage
1 Madikeri 142012 14582 10.26 6908 4.86
2 Somwarpet 205921 31967 15.52 9201 4.46
3 Virajpet 200628 20823 10.40 30006 14.95
Source: Census 2001
Total 548561 67422 12.29 46115 8.4
It can be observed from the table that the SC population is more in Somwarpet taluk and
ST population is more in Virajpet Taluk. Importance has to be given to these taluks.
Sl.
No. Block
Comparison Rural and Urban population
Rural
population
Urban
population
Total Percentage of
population
Rural Urban
1 Madikeri 109516 32496 142012 77.11 22.89
2 Somwarpet 185515 20406 205921 90.09 9.91
3 Virajpet 178148 22480 200628 88.79 11.21
Total 473179 75382 548561 86.25 13.75

Source: Census 2001
The population in rural areas is more than urban area. Madikeri Taluk is having more
urban population when compared with the other two taluks.
In this district about 86.25% of the population live in rural area. This calls for more
educational facilities to rural areas.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Percentage of decadal growth
Sl.No. Block Decadal growth in percentage
1 Madikeri + 11.09
2 Somwarpet + 12.85
3 Virajpet + 10.81
Source: Census 2001
Average + 11.65
The decadal growth in population is more in Virajpet taluk. The average decadal growth is
+11.65%. This increase in population demands more schooling facilities.
Sl.No. Block Density
Density of population and sex ratio
per Sq.Km.
8
Sex Ratio Infant Mortality
1991 2001
Rate in 2001
1 Madikeri 97 983 998 54
2 Somwarpet 206 989 1003 56
3 Virajpet 119 963 986 58
Source: Census 2001
Average 133 973 996 57
Density of population in Somwarpet taluk is more when compared with the other two
taluks. This is due to the reason that this taluk has more agricultural land and other ways of
livelihood. It can be seen that the sex ratio has increased from 979 in 1991 to 996 in 2001. This
is a positive trend and focus has to be made towards girls' education.
Literacy Rate Of Kodagu district

Sl.No. Literacy Rate 1991 2001
1 Male 75.35 83.80
2 Female 61.22 72.50
3 SC 55.40 60.31
4 ST 29.27 36.25
Source: Census 2001
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Total 68.35 78.17
The literacy rate of Kodagu district has increased by 9.82% in ten years. It can be seen
that there is gradual increase in literacy rate of both male and female population.
education.
The district education profile clearly reflects the socio-economic factors which affects the
9

EO's
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER III
DISTRICT EDUCATIONAL PROFILE
The Structure for Educational Administration Structure is as given below:
GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA
MINISTER FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
SECRETARY
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
COMMISSIONER FOR PUBLIC INSTRUCTION
DIRECTOR
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
DDPI (Admn)
DIVISIONAL JOINT DIRECTORS
BEO's
SI's EC's
CRC BRC
DyPC
APC's
PRIMARY AND UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS
10
DDPI (Developt)
SENIOR LECTURER
LECTURER
SCHOOL
COMPLEX
SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT AND MONITORING COMMITTEE

Number of pre primary centers: 692
Primary schools: 216
Upper primary schools: 318
High schools: 125
Junior colleges: 11
Degree colleges: 08
Teachers' training Institutes: 05
B.E.D. Colleges : 02
Medical Colleges : 00
Polytechniques 02
Dental colleges : 01
Engineering colleges : 01
Educational expansion took place as per the growing need of the district. The expansion of
schools in the private sector is growing rapidly when compared to government sector.
In the following pages an attempt has been made to plot the growth of educational
institutions with special reference to primary education in the district
ACCESS: -
Table: 3.1
BLOCKS
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
TABLE SHOWING THE COVERAGE OF SCHOOLING FACILITY
TOTAL NO OF HABITATIONS
NO OF HABS WHICH HAVE LPS
WITHIN 1 KM
NO. OF UN-COVERED HABS
% OF COVERAGE
MADIKERI 125 122 03 97.60 124 01 99.20 125 0 100.00
SOMAVARPET 337 331 06 98.81 337 0 100.00 331 06 98.21
VIRAJPET 143 128 15 89.51 126 17 88.11 130 13 90.90
TOTAL 605 581 22 96.36 587 18 97.00 586 19 96.85
Source: - Child census
11
NO OF HABS WHICH HAVE UPS
WITHIN 3KM
NO. OF UN-COVERED HABS
% OF COVERAGE
NO OF HABS WHICH HAVE VIII
WITH IN 5 KMS
NO OF UN COVERD
HABITATIONS
% OF COVEREGE

The above table reveals that 96.36 % of habitations are served with primary
schools 97.00 % of habitation is served with upper primary schools and 96.85 %
of habitations are served with High schools
Table 3.2
SCHOOL INFORMATION - KODAGU DISTRICT as on 31-12-2006
Madikeri Somawarpet Virajpet Total
Sl.No LP UP Total LP UP Total LP UP Total LP UP Total
1 Government 50 75 125 64 87 151 50 76 126 164 238 402
2 Aided 1 3 4 0 2 2 1 2 3 2 7 9
3 Un-aided 9 12 21 9 15 24 19 32 51 37 59 96
4 Local Body/ Tribes 0 3 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 3 4
5 Social Welfare 0 3 3 0 5 5 0 7 7 0 15 15
Sl.N
0
Total 60 96 156 73 109 182 71 117 188 204 322 526
Source: BEO Kodagu Dist
TOTAL ENROLMENT PRIMARY/UPPER-PRIMARY IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Block
1 MADIKERI
2
SOMWAR
PET
3 VIRAJPET
4 TOTAL
Table 3.3
Mal
e
114
63
139
81
123
45
377
89
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
ALL SC ST Total SC/ST
Fema
le
1146
2
1351
3
1092
0
3589
5
Tota
l
229
25
274
92
232
65
736
84
Mal
e
164
0
267
3
161
9
593
2
Source: BEO Kodagu Dist
Block Population
Fema
le
1606
2476
1715
5797
12
Tota
l
324
6
514
9
333
4
117
29
Mal
e
Fema
le
656 681
686 705
290
8
425
0
2782
4168
Tot
al
133
7
139
1
569
0
841
8
SCHOOL INFORMATION - KODAGU DISTRICT
No of
Habitations
No. of
Habitation
having
school
Mal
e
229
6
335
9
452
7
101
82
Fema
le
2287
3181
4497
9965
Tota
l
458
3
654
0
902
4
201
47
Access ratio
per 1000
population
Madikeri 142012 125 124 0.87
Somwarpet 205921 337 331 1.61
Virajpet 200628 143 128 0.64
Source: BEO Kodagu Dist

The above table revels that in an average there are 1.04 schools per 1000
populations in our Distrit.
Table: -3.4
Blocks
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
UN-SERVED HABITATIONS WHICH REQUIRE SCHOOLS
Total no of
habitations
Habitations
covered with
schools
13
Unreserved
Habitations
No of eligible
habitations
which require
school
LPS LPS LPS
Madikeri 125 124 01 01
Somavarpet 337 331 06 03
Virajpet 143 128 15 02
Total 605 583 22 06
Source Child census 2006
The above table shows that out of 605 habitations there are about 24 habitations,
which do not have lower primary schools, for these habitations schooling facilities
have to be provided during the planning period, but many of the habitations are
not having the minimum number of children. The main reason for uncovered
habitations in Kodagu district is the physical barriers such as hilly regions, forests,
rivers, valleys and cliffs.
FIG - 1 SCHOOLS PRIMARY

From the Fig -1, it can be seen that in Kodagu District 80% of the lower
primary schools are Government schools when compared with the aided and
unaided primary schools
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
FIG - 2 SCHOOLS - UPPER PRIMARY
From the Fig -2, it can be seen that in Kodagu District the 76% of the
higher primary schools are Government schools when compared with the aided
and unaided primary schools
Table: 3.5
NUMBER OF LINGUISTIC MINORITY SCHOOLS (GOVT/AIDED)
Blocks Tamil Urdu Malayalam Total
Madikeri 00 00 02 02
Somavarpet 00 04 00 04
Virajpet 05 03 01 09
Total 05 07 03 15
Source: - : BEO Kodagu Dist
In Kodagu the linguistic minority schools are 15. The parents are sending
to these schools with a high expectation of getting education in their mother
tongue But in these schools as there are no language teachers the dropouts in
number more.
TEACHERS' POSITION:
14

Teacher is an important input in the process of education. Towards the
achievement of UEE, it has been the policy of the state government to provide
teachers to every school. In order to improve quality, the State government has
raised the entry qualification from SSLC to PUC for DED, course, and from 2001
to 2002 entrance examination is introduced for recruitment of teachers. On the
lines of sound policy decision of the state government, massive recruitment of
primary school teachers has taken place on a continuous basis from 1992-93
onwards.
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN GOVERNMENT LOWER PRIMARY SCHOOL AND
Table 3.6
Block
Madiker
i
Somwar
pet
PS
11
7
17
3
Virajpet 14
1
Total 43
1
No. of Posts
Sanctioned
UP
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
S
Tot
al
UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Mal
e
Teachers working in
Government schools
PS UPS
Fema
le
Mal
e
15
Fema
le
Total
Teachers
Tot
al
Mal
e
Total
Fema
516 633 29 81 91 370 120 451 1:2.
577 750 36 100 204 366 240 466 1:2.
444 585 20 86 77 353 97 439 1:4.
153
7
196
8
85 267 37
Source: - : BEO Kodagu Dist
2
le
Female
Teacher
PS
1029 457 1356 1:3.
7
7
3
2
Ratio No. of
UP
S
1:4.
1
1:1.
8
1:4.
5
1:3.
4
Vaca
nc-ies
62
44
49
155

Name of the
Block
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN GOVERNMENT LOWER PRIMARY AND UPPER
Table 3.7
Teachers in Government
Primary
alone
Schools
Primary
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
+
Middle
PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Primary
+
Secondary
16
Teachers in Government
Primary
along
Aided Schools
Primary
+
Middle
Primary
+
Secondary
Teachers
in un-
aided
Schools
Total
No. of
Teachers
MADIKERI 102 445 0 6 25 0 68 646
SOMWARPET 163 551 4 7 11 0 148 884
VIRAJPET 102 450 2 2 4 28 193 702
TOTAL 367 1446 6 15 40 28 409 2232
Source: : BEO Kodagu Dist
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN AIDED LPS,HPS AND PRIMARY + SECONDARY.
Table 3.8(a)
Table 3.8
Block
Teacher Working in Aided
LPS HPS
Male Female Male Female
Total
Madikeri 00 07 05 42 54
Somwarpet 00 00 00 13 13
Virajpet 00 02 02 20 24
Total 00 09 07 75 91
Source: : BEO Kodagu Dist
Block
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN UNAIDED LPS AND HPS.
Teacher Working in Un-aided
LPS HPS
Male Female Male Female
Total
Madikeri 04 27 10 121 163

Somwarpet 01 22 21 85 129
Virajpet 06 93 31 202 332
Total 11 142 62 408 624
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Source: : BEO Kodagu Dist
The above table shows that 91 teachers are working in Aided schools of
Kodagu District.The above table shows that 624 teachers are working in Un-
Aided schools of Kodagu District.
Table 3.8(b)
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Block
Teacher Working in Other Departments
LPS HPS
Male Female Male Female
17
Total
Madikeri 00 00 10 02 12
Somwarpet 00 00 00 00 00
Virajpet 00 00 00 00 00
Total 00 00 10 02 12
Source: BEO Kodagu Dist
The above table shows that 12 teachers are working in Other department schools
in Kodagu District.
Fig -3 TEACHERS PRIMARY

Sl.
No
From the fig-4, we can see that 69% of the teachers are working in Government
schools when compared to the aided and unaided schools.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Fig -4 TEACHERS UPPER PRIMARY
From the fig-4, we can see that 70% of the teachers are working in Government
schools when compared to the aided and unaided schools.
For Sanctioned Posts
Table 3.9
Block
TEACHER PUPIL RATIO OF THE DISTRICT
(GOVT. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION)
Total No. of
Schools
No. of schools with PTR
40 >50 >60 >70 >80 >90
1 MADIKERI 126 50 32 16 28 0 0 0
2 SOMWARPET 151 71 40 30 10 0 0 0
3 VIRAJPET 125 49 38 20 18 0 0 0
Total 402 170 110 66 56 0 0 0
TEACHER PUPIL RATIO OF THE DISTRICT
The teacher pupil ratio of Kodagu district is 1:17 in Lower primary School and
1:26 in Upper primary school with respect to sanctioned post. The teacher pupil
ratio of Kodagu district is 1:19 in Lower primary School and 1:29 in Upper
primary school with respect to working posts.
It shows that the population is heterogeneous and mixed. Under SSA the
norm is that minimum two teachers in primary and 4 teachers in UPS are to be
18

posted irrespective of the strength. In Kodagu District, the teacher pupil ratio is
less than the State norm.
The Teacher Room Ratio of Kodagu District in Lower primary schools is
1:0.98 and that of Higher Primary school is 1:0.85. According to the norms there
has to be 1:1 ratio and so the district ratio is less than 1. Hence there is a need
for additional classrooms and there for it is proposed in the civil works component
of AWP & B 2007-08.
The PTR of LPS is less in Virajpet Taluk when compared to the other two
taluks. The same is less in Madikeri and Somavarpet Taluks with respect to
Higher primary schools.
Sl.N
o.
Table 3.10
Name of
the Block
Enrollm
ent of
primary
students
in Govt.
Schools
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
P.T.R, P.C.R and T.C.R Details
Teach
ers in
positio
n
Upper Primary Schools
No of
Classroo
ms
19
P.T.
R.
P.C.
1 MADIKERI 11912 1480 614 24:1 19:1
2
SOMWAR
PET
8430 570 636 15:1 13:1
3 VIRAJPET 14621 445 810 32:1 18:1
TOTAL 36939 1495 2060 13:1 16:1
Name of Primary Schools
R
T.C.
R
1:0.
89
1:0.
87
1:0.
81
1:0.
85
Singl
e
teach
er
schoo
ls
Percent
age of
Female
teachers
0 85
0 80
0 79
0 0.813

Sl.N
o.
the Block Enrollm
ent of
primary
students
in Govt.
Schools
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Teach
ers in
positio
n
No of
Classroo
ms
20
P.T.
R.
P.C.
1 MADIKERI 5956 95 157 15:1 38:1
2
SOMWAR
PET
9530 133 230 23:1 41:1
3 VIRAJPET 5924 87 103 33:1 51:1
TOTAL 25410 315 490 23:1 43:1
Source BRC AND BEO
R
T.C.
R
1:0.
99
1:0.
98
1:0.
96
1:0.
98
Singl
e
teach
er
schoo
ls
Percent
age of
Female
teachers
12 76
15 78
13 80
40 78
The above table reveals that the pupil class room ratio is 43 :1 in case of primary
schools and 16 :1 in case of upper primary schools.It is less in madikeri block .
There is a need for additional rooms in case of upper primary schools.
Singl School Teacher detail :
There is policy in the state the school with less than 15 children will remain
single school teacher so we cannot make it zero.
ENROLMENT:
The enrolment is not constant in a district like Kodagu because of floating
population. Parents are not ready to send their wards to far off places for want of
good education. The data available from EMIS 2006-07 is taken to compute the
Gross Enrolment Ratio of the district. The class wise and category wise enrolment
of the district is given in the following tables.
Table: -3.11
CHILD POPULATION 2006

Sl.
No.
Name of the
Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Child Population (6-11 age group) all communities
Urban Rural
21
Total
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
1 MADIKERI 1178 1709 2887 6498 5835 12333 7675 7544 15219
2 SOMWARPET 1252 1230 2482 7497 7259 14756 8749 8489 17238
3 VIRAJPET 1173 1148 2321 7230 6949 14182 8403 8097 16500
4 Total 3603 4087 7690 21235 20043 41278 24827 24130 48957
Sl.
No.
Child Population (6-11 age group) SC
Urban Rural
Total
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
163 213 376 877 811 1688 1050 1024 2074
166 165 321 1574 1482 3056 1740 1657 3392
103 105 208 933 1012 1945 1034 1117 2151
432 483 915 3384 3325 6709 3824 3798 7622
Child Population (6-11 age group) ST
Urban Rural
Total
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
26 26 52 382 399 781 408 425 833
30 29 59 483 485 968 513 514 1027
24 31 55 2189 2037 4226 2213 2068 4201
80 86 166 3054 2921 5975 3134 3007 6041
Name of the
Block
Child Population (11-14 age group) all
communities Total
Urban Rural
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
1 MADIKERI 714 742 1456 3932 3745 7677 4646 4487 9183
2 SOMWARPET 811 815 1626 4421 4203 8624 5232 5018 10200
3 VIRAJPET 666 696 1362 3276 3227 6503 3962 3923 7865
4 TOTAL 2191 2253 4444 11629 11175 22804 13820 13428 27548
Child Population (11-14 age group) SC
Urban Rural
Total
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
54 64 118 526 509 1035 580 573 1153
135 112 247 788 727 1515 923 839 1762
75 98 173 508 490 998 583 588 1171
264 274 538 1822 1726 3548 2086 2000 4086
Child Population (11-14 age group) ST
Urban Rural
Total

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
11 18 29 213 213 426 224 231 455
14 24 38 171 170 341 185 194 379
19 26 47 786 686 1472 805 714 1519
44 68 114 1170 1069 2239 1214 1139 2353
Source: EMIS report.
growth rate of Children is -0.483%. So the Child Population is Projected to be
72,672.
We observe the Children population is floating in Kodagu district, as many
nomads and labours come in groups with families during the Coffee picking
season, stay for the time and they move out of the District after the work.
The above table reveals that the child population of 6 – 14 age group is
very high, almost double, as compared to the child population of 12 – 14 age
group.
Table: -3.12
BLOCK
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
ENTRY RATE
All SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
Madikeri 99.55 99.35 99.45 99.50 99.44 99.47 99.25 99.44 99.34
Somwarpet 99.40 99.6 99.50 99.60 99.37 99.48 99.20 99.28 99.24
Virajpet 99.05 99.07 99.06 99.20 99.20 99.20 98.5 98.5 98.5
TOTAL 99.33 99.34 99.33 99.43 99.33 99.38 98.98 99.07 99.52
The above table tells us that the entry rate is slightly less than 100.This is due to
children either not being enrolled or not attending the schools.In our district due
to seasonal migration of parents for plantation work some children do not enroll
themselves school.So alternate strategies,have been chalkedout to enroll all the
children to school ,the details of which is discussed elsewhere.
BLOCK
Table: 3.13
TRANSITION RATE BLOCKWISE
All SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
Madikeri 100 99.8 99.9 99.7 99.1 99.4 99.8 99.1 99.4
22

Somwarpet 99.9 98.9 99.4 99.5 99.4 99.4 98.3 98.7 98.5
Virajpet 99.7 99.1 99.4 99.7 99.2 99.4 98.6 98.5 98.5
Since it is the policy of the government not to retain children in the same
class the percentage of promotion to primary level to upper primary level should
be 100%.But due to some children leaving the school for various reasons the
percentage is slightly less than 100%.The transition rate is slightly less in case of
SC & ST childrens. However these children will also be brought back to the school
through various activities.
Table-3.14
Enrolment/
Population
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
RETENTION RATE
(Excluding students studying in 8 th standard in High School)
All SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1-5 th / 6-11Age 99.2 99.6 99.4 99.4 99.26 99.33 99.3 99.01 99.15
6-8 th / 12-14 Age 99.3 99.32 99.31 97.2 99.55 98.37 99.07 99.00 99.04
1-8 th / 6-14Age 99.2 99.46 99.35 98.3 99.40 98.85 99.18 99.01 99.09
Enrolment/
Population
Source: EMIS 2006-07
Retention Rate (R.R.):
It can be observed that the retention rate is more than 98% in our
District. This is due to various incentives provided by the Government to the
children. An awareness has been created among the parents to send their
children regularly to the schools. The drop out rate is very low when compared to
other Districts.
Table-3.15
GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO
(Excluding students studying in 8 th standard in High School)
All SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1-5 th / 6-11Age 101.69 101.71 101.69 100.80 101.57 101.85 103.66 104.79 104.22
23

6-8 th / 12-14 Age 101.72 102.61 102.69 102.8 102.62 102.62 102.93 104.00 103.47
1-8 th / 6-14Age 101.70 100.68 101.19 101.55 101.87 101.87 104.73 105.8 105.65
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER):
It can be observed from the table 2.11(b) that the Gross enrolment ratio is
more than 100%. This is due to the children who are either under aged or over
aged studying in Primary classes. This has been calculated on the projected child
population. This may increase after the real population is taken into
consideration.
Table-3.16
Enrol-
ment/ Popula-
Tion
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
NET ENROLMENT RATIO
(Excluding students studying in 8 th standard in High School)
All SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1-5 th / 6-11Age 98.8 99.15 98.97 87.08 84.51 85.79 73.23 78.19 78.21
6-8 th / 12-14 Age 86.79 82.05 84.45 79.82 83.29 81.55 75.72 74.63 75.17
1-8 th / 6-14Age 92.79 90.60 91.71 79.01 83.45 81.23 76.98 76.41 76.69
Net Enrolment Ratio (NER):
It can be observed from the table 2.11(c) that NER in the case of Primary
classes is more than the NER in the Upper Primary classes. It is low in the case
of ST boys and girls when compared to SC children. This shows that they are
averaged children among ST children. This is due to the effort put by the
community in general and SSA in particular to bring all the children to school
24

through various activities like Chinnara Angala, special Enrolment Drive. Over
aged children have also joined the school and these children should be retained in
the school.
Table-3.17
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Details of Disabled Children of 2006-07
Sl.No. Name of the
Block
1 Madikeri
25
No. of disabled children identified
Boys Girls Total
189 159 348
2 Somawarpet 233 217 450
3 Virajpet 254 180 434
TOTAL 676 556 1232
Note: The above table shows there are 1232 CWSN studying in primary classes.
The children in 8 th Standard are only the Students in 8 th in Primary Schools and
does not include those studying in 8 th of High school.
Sl
No
Table: - 3.18
Name of
the Block
RETENTION
ALL SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1 Madikeri 99.55 99.35 99.45 99.50 99.44 99.47 99.25 99.44 99.34
2 Somwarpet 99.40 99.60 99.50 99.60 99.37 99.48 99.20 99.28 99.24
3 Virajpet 99.05 99.07 99.06 99.20 99.20 99.20 98.50 98.50 98.50
Total 99.34 99.34 99.43 99.34 99.38 98.98 99.07 99.03 99.03
To achieve the goal of 100% retention in schools, provided by the state Govt
many incentives are being provided by the State in the form of
� Akshara Dhasoha.
� Free uniforms - for all boys and girls.
� Free text books - for all children
� Free school bags - for all SC/ST girls of 5-7
� Chinnara Karnataka Darshana - A Tour of historical Places in Karnataka.
etc.

The retention rate is good in Kodagu district.The retention rate in case of SC
Children is 98.98 and 99.03 in case of ST Children.
DROP OUT
The Dropout rate in Kodagu District is very less - 0.66%. Only 23 Boys and 24
girls Dropped out from Primary Classes. 25 Boys & 21 Girls dropped out from
Upper Primary classes during last year. Most of the Students dropped out belong
to SC & ST, while general student form a small percent.
“We are immensely happy to put forward that drop out rate is nullifying
as the school is becoming attractive place for the child to learn. All this is possible
because of the effective implementation of SSA activities.”
Table: - 3.19
Sl.N
o.
Name of
the Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN
Population of
Children in the age
Male
1 MADIKERI 902
2
SOMWAR
PET
3 VIRAJPET
TOTAL
Table: - 3.19(a)
Sl.N
o
Name of
the Block
7
877
9
507
0
228
26
group 6-11
Fema
le
8841
9181
4854
2287
6
Population of
Children in the
age group 12-14
Tota
l
178
68
179
60
992
4
455
72
26
Total enrolment of
6-11 age group
children in schools
Male
902
7
876
4
501
4
228
05
Fema
le
8841
9167
4818
2282
6
Tota
l
178
68
179
31
983
2
456
31
Total enrolment of
12-14 age group
children in schools
% of Out of
school children
Mal
e
Fema
le
Tot
al
0 0 0
0.17 0.15
1.1 0.74
0.63
5
0.445
% of Out of
0.1
6
0.9
2
0.5
4
school children

1 MADIKERI
2
SOMWAR
PET
3 VIRAJPET
TOTAL
Male
160
518
1
245
923
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Female
0 1598
3977
1 2448
2
8023
Tot
al Male
319
8
915
8
489
9
172
55
157
520
7
244
27
Female
Total
4 575 2149
4
922
5
Male
Female
Tot
al
0 0.43 0.43
4987 10194 0 0.15 0.15
2439 4883
0.2
8
8001 17226 0.2
8
0.36 0.32
0.44 0.3
Source: - Projected Drop out based on Drop out in previous years. DPO Reports.
Note : This Table does not include the information regarding the Children
studying in 8 th standard in High schools.
Labor department has identified 18 students (Child Labor) in the district.
They are enrolled to special residential school for labor class children of which 05
of them are mainstream directly to schools depending on their ability.
Education department along with the other departments like child labour,
social welfare, women and child welfare are joining hands and working in
convergence to achieve the set target of SSA.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT:
To increase the quality in education, training for in service teachers have
been taken up.
• ‘Chaithanya I’ and ‘Chaithanya II’ (activity based learning and teaching
process) is being given for all the in service teachers
• 3-days TLM training for all the primary school teachers
• 3 days theatre in education for all the primary school teachers
• In addition to the above trainings, creative activities like music, drama,
science exhibitions; quiz programmes are organized by DSERT.
• 10 day orientation programme in teaching “English” language by the
Regional Institute of English
Content enrichment programmes by the DIET etc.,

• To equip with the new approach of teaching and evaluation trimester
training (SOURABHA) training have been given to all the teachers.
• Induction training(PRERANA) for newly recruited teachers, have been
taken up by the DIET to help them equip with the new trends in teaching
learning process.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
BASE LINE ASSESMENT SURVEY 2001-02
During 2001 – 2002 the baseline assessment study has been conducted.
The results of which are given in the table.
Table: 3.20
Subjects
MEAN ACHIEVEMENT OF CHILDREN IN SCHOOL SUBJECTS
Class Class Class
I / II III / IV VI / VII
Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban
Language 75.34 67.54 47.33 48.99 55.32 51.65
Mathematics 76.32 73.82 58.81 41.88 37.75 49.15
Science 47.89 68.38
Social Science 43.43 55.81 48.85 49.65
Source: - Baseline Survey
The above table reveals that achievement level in this district at all
levels is fairly good. Only in subject Kannada at IIIrd standard level there is low
achievement level. The other subjects are satisfactory. The year 2003-04 was
declared as the year of learning achievement and it is being continued for the
year 2004-05.During 2005-06 achievement level has been tested by state level
team in the name of KSQAO.
CAPACITY BUILDING:
The Sarva Shikshana Abhiyan program is implemented through various
project management structures like SDMC's, CRC's BRC's, DPO and SPO.
The Block wise number of SDMC's, CRC and BRC in the district is furnished
in the table below.
Table: 3.21
NUMBER OF BRC'S, CRC'S, SDMC'S - KODAGU DISTRICT
28

l.No. Block BRC CRC SDMC
1 Madikeri 01 08 127
2 Somwarpet 01 07 151
3 Virajpet 01 08 118
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
TOTAL 03 23 396
Source: : BEO Kodagu Dist.
State Project Office:
The State Project Office has technical, academic, administrative and
accounts staff to guide the district offices in the implementation of the program.
It is also responsible for the quality improvement of the Program. The State
Project Director conducts periodical review meetings at the state level to assess
the progress of the scheme and give necessary instruction for the proper
implementation of the project.
District Level Office:
The complete responsibility of supervising and monitoring system is
done by the DDPI administration and DDPI development. Two Educational
officers, five Subject Inspectors, one Inspector of Urdu schools and one district
superintendent for sports assist the DDPI in administration in each educational
district. For each educational block there is one Block education officer.
District Project Office has 01 Deputy Project Co-ordinator, 02 Assistant
Project Co-ordinator, Computer Personnel and other supporting staff who plans,
implements, monitor and co-ordinate the project activities at the district level.
Block Level Office:
At the educational block level, Block education officer of class I junior
cadre heads the range. 5 educational coordinators and office staff assist this
officer. The Block resource center is headed by one co-ordinator of class II cadre
and is assisted by 5 block resource persons. Out of which two are of high school
teachers cadre and 3 are of primary school teacher cadre.
Cluster Level Office:
At the Cluster level there is 01 resource person who is of primary school
teacher cadre who will assist each BRC.
School Level:
At the school level there is a School Development and Monitoring
Committee, which is represented by 08 members headed by the parent elected
29

member as president. The headmaster is the member secretary of the
committee. The nominated members include retired teachers, educationists,
parent of disabled, SC/ST children and self help groups. This committee overseas
the physical as well as academic development of the school.
DIET-District Institute Of Education & Training:
The DIET headed by the DDPI development, has 7 wings (PSTE, DRU,
P&M, CMDE, IFIC, WE, ET). One senior lecturer of class I junior grade heads each
wing and is assisted by 2 junior lecturers of class II cadre. Each wing has specific
functions like providing pre-service training, in-service training, Planning and
management, evaluation, education technology, curriculum development etc.,
The main functions of the DIET is training of teachers, act as resource support
and conduct action research.
The main programmes and activities of the DIET are:
• Pre-service teacher education programme
• In-service programme of primary teachers, headmasters, heads of school
complexes and officers of the department up to block level.
• Field interaction.
• Training programs for personnel of adult and non-formal education
• Training to teachers regarding Inclusive Education.
• Workshops to develop curriculum, teaching learning materials, low cost
teaching aid etc.,
• Orientation programs for members of SDMC's, community leaders, youth
and all others interested in educational activities.
• Field studies, Action research and experimentation.
• 42 days inclusive education for in-service teachers.
In order to strengthen the teachers and community members all these
trainings are organised by the DIET and BRC. To empower the community
leaders, ZP, TP, GP, SDMC, Presidents and Members and for helping them to
discharge their duties effectively i.e., providing guidance to Head Masters of
schools and teachers in a right way trainings have been organized by DIET,
BRC's, NGO's like Prajayatna and through distance education programme.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
30

INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES:
With the convergence of State level and the effort of SSA there are school
which lack infrastructure facilities. The EMIS report 2004-05 shows that schools
have no toilets, no electricity, no compound schools have no drinking water
facility and schools have no ramps.
In Kodagu district except one school in Virajpet taluk all the Govt School
have their own buildings.
The block wise number of schools at elementary level which requires basic
infrastructure facilities is shown in the table below.
School Repairs:
In Kodagu district a good number of classrooms were constructed under Govt
and local panchayath. Many of the classrooms in the district remain unattractive
for want of maintenance and require minor repairs.
TABLE SHOWING THE REQUIREMENTS OF MINOR AND MAJOR REPAIRS
OF THE GOVT SCHOOLS
Table: 3.22
BLOCKS
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
TOTAL No. Of
Schools (LPS
+ HPS)
31
NO. OF ROOMS which REQUIRE
MAJOR REPAIRS
Madikeri 126 53
Somavarpet 151 100
Virajpet 125 180
Total 402 233
Source: BRC 2006-07
This table reveals that less number of schools require minor repairs.
SPECIAL FOCUS GROUP:
Integrated Education For Children With Special Needs:

The goal of enrolling all children in school could be acheived only when
every disabled child is enrolled. As far as these children are concerned 63
children are yet to be enrolled. This task has been taken up by the NGO's.
Education of SC, ST Children:
Pre matric scholarships of Rs.75/- for classes 1-4 and Rs.100/- for classes
5-10 are given to retain the children in schools. In this district, 18 hostels have
been provided for SC, ST students with free boarding and lodging to pursue their
studies. This task has been taken up by the Social Welfare Department and ITDP
Department.
A new program called Chinnara Karnataka Darshana has been launched in
the year 2004-05 as Innovative activity under SSA. For providing these children
an opportunity to appraise the rich cultural heritage of Karnataka by taking them
for a 04 days tour to important tourist places of Karnataka.
Girls Education:
Special attention are given to these children by providing special
scholarships for girls who are studying from standard 6 - 10. Girls of primary
school get Rs.500/- as scholarship apart from the other eligible scholarship.
A new program called Chinnara Karnataka Darshana has been launched in
the year 2004-05 as Innovative activity under SSA and 2005-06 the same as
been continued . For providing these children an opportunity to appraise the rich
cultural heritage of Karnataka by taking them for a 05 days tour to important
tourist places of Karnataka.
A special strategy under Innovative activities for adolescent girls has
launched by SSA in the year 2004-05 with an objective of providing awareness
training
regarding health, education, hygiene and life skills. For this a 03 day residential
program was organized in convergence with health department, NGO's and other
departments.
Separate toilets have been constructed for girls under SSA to reduce
dropouts and sustain them in school.
Early Childhood Care And Education:
Early childhood education is generally considered as the support system
to primary education. The quality of input to primary education is to a great
extent influenced by the effective early childcare education facilities that are
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
32

eing offered. Considering the importance of ECCE centers as feeding schools for
pre primary schools and to reduce the dropout rate among the children for sibling
care. A strategy under SSA has been developed to provide children with
nutritious food, clay materials and health care for their growth. There are 692
pre- primary centers run by Women and Child Welfare Department and 55 pre-
primary centers are opened in the year 2004-05 in concurrence with SSA.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
It is hard to meet the growing demand of the community. To cater
the needs of the community and keeping in mind the long-term implications of
pre-primary centers in achieving the goals of UEE, it is felt by the planning team
to undertake an innovation.
Most of the pre-primary schools are located in the primary school
premises, thus they become the feeding schools for primary schools. This helps
us to enroll all eligible 6 th age group to the primary schools.
In order to achieve the goals of UEE and to improve the quality of
education from elementary education to secondary, there is a well-established
management structure right from School Development and Monitoring
committees to the Ministry of education.
33

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 2: Methodology
In this chapter, the methodology employed by the monitoring team for
data collection from the field has been described under three sections namely
sampling design, tools for data collection and strategies for field data collection.
The same is given in the foregoing sections.
2.1 Sampling Design: As per the requirement of the TOR of the MHRD (GOI)
a 5% sample of schools has to be covered for field data capturing in each district
so as to represent both formal and alternative and innovative types. In order to
do this, the monitoring team has employed a multi-stage, representative and
systematic random sampling design based on the criteria of number, distribution
of blocks and category of schools.
In the first stage, 5% sample of schools was worked out for each district
from out of the total number of government formal primary schools (both
Lower Primary Schools and Higher Primary Schools) in the district. This gave the
total number of schools that need to be covered for field visits.
In the second stage, the blocks were selected from the district based on
their geographical location in the district. In every district the sample size for
blocks has been restricted so as to cover a minimum of 50% as it was not
possible to include all the blocks for purpose of field data collection due to
constraints of time, resource and quality output. However care has been taken to
include blocks which are located away from the district head quarter as well as
those which are within the district head quarter.
In the third stage, after selecting the block, the 5% sample schools
selected for the district was distributed among the sample blocks selected for field
visits. The distribution was done proportionately as per the number of schools
present in each of the blocks. Further the distribution has been done for both
categories of Lower and Higher primary schools in the block separately. Thus the
final number of schools that needed to be selected from each block and each
category of primary schools in the district was obtained by this exercise.
34

In the fourth stage, the actual schools for visit were selected. This was
done using the EMIS school list data obtained from the State Project Office,
Karnataka. The schools were selected from out of the list using systematic
sampling technique so as to ensure not only unbiased selection, but also true
representativeness. Thus in the final list of schools selected, care was taken to
see that it included minority schools as well as EGS upgraded types.
Alternative Innovative Education: In line with the requirement of the TOR by
the MHRD(GOI), it was necessary to include alternative innovative education
strategies in the 5% sample coverage for field monitoring. However, the
monitoring team has considered this as an additional sample component over and
above the 5% sample of formal schools selected in each district. Thus an
additional number of 5-8 schools under this category in every district covering all
types such as Residential Bridge course(RBC), NRBC (Non-Residential Bridge
Course), Tent school, Mobile School, Seasonal Migration Residential School,
KGBV, NPEGEL, Home based etc,. has been covered. The number of schools
covered under this type is presented in the table in each of the district reports.
BRC/CRC: As per the TOR by the MHRD (GOI), a minimum of 5 CRCs and 5
BRCs was also to be covered in each district for SSA field monitoring. Thus from
each district, 5 CRCs and 5 BRCs have been selected to capture the field data. So
far as selecting the BRCs, all the sample blocks have been covered. In case of
number of sample blocks selected in the district is less than five, the BRCs in the
other blocks (non-sampled) have been selected on the basis of purposive
randomness so as to make it 5. However, if the district had less than 5 BRCs, all
the available number of BRCs has been covered including the non-sampled
blocks. Similarly for selecting the 5 CRCs, a purposive random sampling
technique has been used and the selection has largely been done from the
sample blocks owing to the presence of sufficient number of CRCs in each block.
The number of BRCs/CRCs covered is presented in the table in each of the district
reports.
Thus the overall sample size selected for Kodagu district is given in the following
table.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
35

Name
of
blocks
selecte
d
Madike
ri
Virajpe
t
Total
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table 2.1: Sample Size Selected in Kodagu District
No. of Schools Selected Alternative Schools
LPS HPS Total
3 8 11
5 7 12
Tent
School
RBC NPEG
EL
36
Home
based
school
Mobile
School
EGS KGBV
- 2 - 3 - - -
BRC CRC
8 15 23 - 2 - 1 - - - 3 3
2.2 Tools for Data Collection: As required by the TOR, for the purpose of
monitoring field level data, it was necessary to collect data from different sources
such as formal schools, alternative innovative education schools, CRCs, BRCs,
District Project Office (DPO) and the State Project Office (SPO). This necessitated
development of different kinds of tools for collecting comprehensive datasets,
both in quantitative and qualitative kinds from the field. As has been mentioned
earlier the field staff was oriented to collect the data using techniques such as
questioning, interviewing and observing during their visits to schools. Besides,
the data were also required to be gathered from several records, registers and
documents maintained in the schools. Therefore, the school schedule, in
particular has been designed in such a way that it lends itself for using variety of
techniques while collecting data from different sources. Specific instructions have
been inserted at appropriate places in the schedule to prompt the field
investigator not only to collect the required data but also for using different
techniques for the same.
In all, five different data capture formats have been developed by the
monitoring team, based on the tool given by the MHRD. The designing of these
formats involved several meetings of the monitoring team members as these
have been developed through participatory workshop modes. These
meetings/workshops were held both at RIE, Mysore and Institute for Social and
Economic Change, Bangalore. An unique feature of these formats is that they
attempt to capture every single data unit specified by the TOR be it from the
school, alternative school, CRC, BRC, DPO or the SPO. Further, the MS Excel
design used for developing the tool renders itself for smooth data keying in and

developing analysis format for data consolidation at the block, district and the
state levels as required. While the individual items in the field level data capture
formats from the formal schools and the alternative innovative education schools
(herein referred to as school schedule) have been rendered into regional
language (Kannada), all other schedules have been retained in English language.
A copy of each of the same is enclosed with the report under annexure.
Description of Tools: As mentioned earlier, five different data capture formats
have been developed by the monitoring team. The same is described hereunder.
School Schedule: The school schedule includes main items such as opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grant, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning material, children with special needs, DISE, SDMC,
mid-day meals and other items such as enrolment, attendance, school health
check up, evaluation scheme, school environment and facilities, co-curricular
activities, learning attainments etc,. Under each one of these main items there
were several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to
the main item. In addition, the school schedule also included a master table
format seeking enrolment and attendance each, class-wise, sex-wise and
category-wise (general, SC, ST).
The SPO Schedule : The SPO schedule includes items relating to opening of new
schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher training,
teaching-learning materials, EGS,AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special needs,
NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, staffing pattern and position. Under each one of
these main items there were several sub-items, which attempted to capture
specific details pertaining to the main item.
The DPO Schedule: The DPO schedule includes items relating to opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning materials, EGS, AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special
needs, NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, Research and Evaluation, staffing and
BRCs,CRCs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
BRC/CRC Schedule: The BRC/CRC schedule includes main items relating to
staffing pattern and position, teacher and teacher training and children with
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
37

special needs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
Alternative Innovative Education: Under this category, separate tools have
been developed for each one so as to capture the required data from the field
visits along the lines of the TOR. Each one of them is described herein.
NPEGEL: This schedule includes items relating to model cluster school, gender
sensitive TLM, vocational education, gender empowerment for teachers,
community mobilisation for girls’ education, ECCE, activity documenting format,
frequency of reporting etc,. Under each one of these main items there were
several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the
main item.
KGBV: This schedule includes items relating to function, land identification, civil
works, sanctioned and filled in positions, enrolment and provision of facilities
including boarding and lodging arrangements and maintenance of the inmates
etc,. The specific items to elicit further information relating to each one of the
items are also included in the schedule.
RBC/NRBC : This schedule includes items relating to enrolment, attendance,
volunteers, training, mainstreamed children, infrastructure, learning attainment
levels, text books, TLM etc,. the specific questions relating to each one of these
items are also included in the schedule.
Tent/Mobile : The same RBC/NRBC schedule has been used for collecting data
relating to these types of schools with suitable modifications wherever required.
EGS Upgraded: This schedule includes items relating to up gradation, building
construction, civil works, teacher deployment etc,.
Home Based: This schedule includes items relating to child’s profile, volunteer,
education and training, mode of recruitment, monitoring support etc,.
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Logistic Support from the SPO/DPO: The data collection from the field
involved the support and cooperation of the SSA offices right from the state level
through the district level to the block and sub block levels. As such sufficient
effort was made by the MI in terms of obtaining official procedural sanctions. The
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
38

data collection from the field by the MI team was preceded by a meeting with the
SPO followed by the DPO, wherein the offices were apprised with regard to the
kinds and quality of data requirement from the offices/school and the kind of
logistic support to be provided to the monitoring teams during the field visits.
Accordingly, the field visits were planned with prior intimation to the SPO and the
DPO and after ascertaining the availability of the field functionaries for
interaction with the monitoring teams during the field visits as well as for
enabling the monitoring team in smooth data collection from the schools, CRCs,
BRCs, Alternative & Innovative Strategies and the DPO/DIET etc,.
Planning: Data collection was a challenge, as it required covering 5% of the
actual number of schools in a district. As the task involved collection of data at
three levels, i.e., at the state level (SPO), at District level (DPO) and at school
level, the needed information was first segregated at three levels. The tools
meant for data collection at state level and district levels were kept separately
and the tools to be used at school level were printed in tune with the number
required in every district.
A separate meeting was held at Bangalore to train the field officers in
understanding the requirements of data collection activity. Apart from this they
were also taken to a school to actually show how different information will have
to be sought and recorded. Thus, the field officers were adequately trained in the
task of data collection work. This was necessary as they had the responsibility of
training field level functionaries whom these field officers eventually appointed.
Personnel Involved: Since the field work involved working in at least for 50
working days, and covering 5% of the actual schools in every district, the
monitoring institutes had no option but to appoint field functionaries. They
included the following. For every district, the following was planned.
Monitoring Institute to Coordinate Data Collection Work
One Field Officer
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
One Desk Officer
Four to Eight Field Investigators Per District Depending on the Number
and Spread of School Coverage
39

Method: The method of data collection at state, district and sub district levels
varied. At the state level, the SPO was requested to facilitate the work of
providing data from the state office. Similarly, cooperation was sought to gather
data from the district and sub-district offices through issue of official circulars and
orders. Concerned data capture formats were sent to these offices to collect the
required data. Wherever possible the soft copies of the formats were sent to
offices and the data were procured in soft copy formats by the MI. Efforts were
also made to obtain data from the DIETs as they were also involved in SSA
activities for the district.
Data Quality Assurance Measure: In order to ensure quality in the datasets
that were intended to be collected, all necessary precautions were kept in mind.
For instance, in the inner cover page, a provision has been made where, the
headmaster of the school will sign the booklet along with his seal and the field
investigator also signs, after the school data are recorded. Apart from this, the
data collected were physically checked, discussed and only then were received by
the field officer from the field investigators. Again the monitoring institute did a
sample check of some booklets and compared it with the list of sampled schools
to check for any deviation. After ensuring that there was no deviation from the
originally drawn set of sampled schools, they were accepted as completed work
and made available to keying in into the computer.
Keying in: The verified booklets were accepted for computer keying in. All the
school data were keyed in. They were compiled and district profiles were
prepared after integrating the data collected from the school, from the district,
from the state, apart from BRCs and CRCs.
Consolidation and Tabulation: Once the district profiles were developed, the
consolidation work got over and the collected data were tabulated. The tabulated
facts and figures became the basis for generation of the present report.
Facilitating Report Writing: The basic TOR of MHRD, GOI has been the basis
for undertaking the work and logically, the report also must be able to respond to
the issues raised in the TOR. The tabulation and integration of information drawn
from the state level, district level and sub district levels enabled and facilitated
report writing work.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
40

CHAPTER 3: REVIEW OF AWP&B AND ANALYSIS OF
FIELD DATA
1. OPENING OF SCHOOLS (BOTH PRIMARY &
UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS)
As revealed from the AWP&B, the district had planned for only 3 new primary
schools in the year 2008-09 as spill over. Under this component, six regular new
teachers’ salary has an approved outlay of Rs.1.440 lakhs. There is no
expenditure under this as the teachers are yet to be recruited.
From the DPO data it is seen that all the 3 schools are sanctioned and the work
has not started as yet. 2 teachers are appointed. Out of the 41 schools, only 13
schools reveal progress.
From the field data, it is seen that the two new schools identified in the sample
are found to be currently working under shift in another school and in community
hall. In both these cases, the land has been identified and money released to
SDMC. Even the TLE grant has also been released to these schools, teachers have
been appointed and even the building construction is underway.
2. CIVIL WORKS
129 civil works reveals an outlay of Rs. 203.120 lakh. There is excellent progress
with more than 93.0 per cent of the money already being spent.
From the DPO data it is seen that there are 3 new schools and 41 additional
classrooms in the current year. 13 out of these are reported as under progress.
From the field data, it is seen that the 4 schools in the sample reveal
construction work at various stages. Three of them reveal foundation and another
one reveals flooring level. In all these cases, the SDMC has received both
technical training and guidelines for civil works. The technical committee is in
place to supervise the quality of covil works and are also seen to visit the sites as
per schedule, and the SDMCs have maintained separate accounts relating to all
aspects of civil works. Overall the quality of civil works is found to be quite
satisfactory.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
41

3. TEXT BOOKS
9279 children are covered under this scheme with an outlay of Rs. Rs.8.968 lakh.
All the money has been spent revealing excellent progress.
From the field data it is seen that
4. SCHOOL GRANTS
There is satisfactory progress with over 97.0 per cnt utilization.
From the DPO data it is seen that a total of 694 schools had received grant, which
included 427 primary and 267 higher primary schools. The grant was released in
the month of June itself along with guidelines.
From the field data, it is seen that all 19 schools had received school grant, which
was generally found to be used for repairs, furniture purchase, painting, drinking
water, electricity bill payment, plumbing work etc,.
5. TEACHERS AND TEACHER TRAINING
Teachers’Salary (recurring) under this had an outlay of Rs. 225.72 lakhs out of
which Rs.185.40 lakh fave been spent upto January. Thus utilization is to the
tune of 82.1376 per cent, which may be considered quite satisfactory..
From the DPO data it is seen that 2 teachers are appointed.
The district had a target of 2559 teachers to be trained under in-service training
for an outlay of Rs.36.786 lakhs. The utilization is seen to the extent of 62.90
per cent , which may be considered less than adequate progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that all the targeted 2499 in-service teachers had
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
42

undergone training and similarly all the targeted 60 newly recruited teachers had
undergone 30 days induction training. The district has no untrained teachers as
the state has no policy of recruiting untrained teachers.
From the field data it is seen that overall more than 97.0 per cent of the schools
have teachers in position. None of the teachers were absent in any of the sample
schools on the day of visit. Over 96.0 per cent of the teachers had undergone in-
service training at the DIET and BRCs. More than 95% reported about giving
feedback to the training programme and same percentage of teachers reported
that the training was effective. The training covered all curricular subjects.
However, teachers expressed the need for more training in English, Maths, Hindi,
Computers and Yoga.
6. TEACHING LEARNING MATERIAL (TLM) GRANT
The district had an outlay of Rs.12.495 lakhs for 2499 teachers in primary and
upper primary schools. Out of this, 87.41 per cent has been utilized.
From the DPO data it is noticed that a mere Rs.60,000/- has been released to
teachers towards TLM grant, which is a poor reflection.
From the field data, it is seen that excepting in one school, in all schools all
eligible teachers had received TLM grant. Although 83.0 per cent of the schools
had received Rs.500/- per teacher, in about 3 schools, the amount received was
less than Rs.500/-.85.0 per cent of the teachers had utilized the grant as per
guidelines and in only 3 per cent of the schools, the TLM was displayed in the
calss, while in close to 80.0 per cent of the schools, it was kept separately in the
classroom. In all the schools, it was found to be used by pupils. Similarly, all
teachers had received training for TLM at the BRCs. A large majority of schools
have reported about sharing of good practices.
7. EGS & AIE
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
43

The district reveals an outlay of Rs.165.479 lakh, out of which little over 60.0 per
cent has been spent. This may be considered less than adequate progress. The
district is lagging behind in RBC (12 months) and tent school.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district had 28 newly sanctioned RBC
(Chinnara Angala), all of which have been statrted. Similarly, 3 new Ashakirana
have been sanctioned and all started. 3 HBE, 1 feeder school have also been
started.
The district has been able to cover 66 out of the targeted enrolmemt of 91
children in the 28 RBCs and thus there is a shortfall of 25 children. Similarly there
is a shortfall of 118 children out of the tragettd 150 in the 3 Ashakiranas. The
propsed tent school has been shelved due to lack of children.
The district reveals excellent progress both in feeder school and transportation
with 11 children and 4519 children respectively covering the entire target.
HBE and SED also reveal satisfactory progress.
From the field data it is noticed that one Ashakirana in Ponnampet was run by an
NGO. This centre had an enrolment of 53. However, on the day of visit, 49
children were found to be present and all of these children excepting 2 were
attending the local HPS in Hudukeri. These 2 children were in the centre as they
had some infectious disease. However, 4 children who were absent in the centre
had gone along with their parents to other places. The facilities in the centre was
of satisfactory quality and the centre being a spiritual institituion, children were
exposed to a variety of cultural activities which seemed to inculcate certain good
habits among the children.
In another Ashakirana at Madikeri, which was run by another NGO, there were 32
children enrolled, out of whome 26 were present on the day of visit. There was a
volunteer appointed who was paid a monthly honorarium of Rs.1000/-. These
children were attending the GMPS school within the same premises where the
centre was located. On the day of visit, childen had lime rice as their breakfast
and they were all making preparations for cultural activities on the eve of the
annual school day function. Childen were active and enthusiastic.
8. CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
44

1692 children were covered with an outlay of Rs. 20.304 lakh. 89.0 per cent of
this amout has been utilized so far revealing very satisfactory progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district had identified 1692 CWSN, all of
whom have been enrolled. out of them, 78 have been provided with aidsssitive
devices. 8 resource teachers have been identified and 2 NGOs are collaborating.
210 children out of these have been provided with HBE support.
From the field data, it is noted that in 11 schools, 17 CWSN children were found
to have attended medical camps. In these schools, only 13 children were found
to be eligible to receive assistive devices. However, except one child, all had
received the aids.. Further, only 57.8 % of the sample schools had a ramp built
as per requirements. 4 schools also revealed severly disabled children enrolled
who were given home based support. The attendance among the CWSN on the
day of visit was more than 93.0 per cent.
9. NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR EDUCATION OF
GIRLS AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL (NPEGEL
There is no NPEGEL in the district.
10. KASTURBA GANDHI BALIKA VIDYALAYA
(KGBV)
There is no KGBV in the district.
11. DISTRICT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR
EDUCATION (DISE)
The district reveals an outlay of Rs. 65.79 for MIS, out of which only 32.0 per
cent has been spent so far. This may be considered less than adequate progress.
MIS, Contingency, FTA, IERT salary, community mobilsation, monitoring by DIET
are a few items which have drawn flak. Strangely, under this the LEP although
reveals a small oulay of Rs.2.679 lakh has also not been utilized.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
45

From the DPO data it is seen that all aspects relating to EMIS are in place.
From the field data it is seen that all sample schools except one had received data
capture formats in time and all teachers had received training in this regard. All
schools reported about 5% data verification by the BRCs/CRCs.
12. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION
The district records 75.0 per cent fund utilization under this, which may be
considered satisfactory. Under innovative activity, there is inadequate progress
as the district reveals fund utlisation to the extent of 24.3 per cent only.
13. FUNCTIONING OF VEC
Excellent progress is seen with 100.0 per cent fund utilization.
From the DPO data it is seen thatl the district has constituted 128 SDMCs as per
required norms. All of them have been given guidelines. 92 per cent of the
members have received training, which is praiseworthy.
From the field data it is seen that all schools had SDMC in place as per norms.
These schools also were in possession of the SDMC guidelines. There was monthly
meeting of the SDMC. Only 9 schools revealed all members attending the
meetings. In other schools, the attendance was around 70.0 per cent. More than
55% schools reported about 100.0 percent attendance among women members
in the SDMC meetings. Large majority of the schools(66.6%) had about 20-30%
of the members who had undergone SDMC training.
14. STAFFING AT STATE AND DISTRICT LEVEL
With regard to staffing, all are in place excepting one accounts assistant. Similarly
at the BRCs, all coordinators are in place. 3 BRPs and 1 IERT are not in place. All
the 21 CAEOs are in place and at the CRCs, there are 4 vacancies.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
46

In the district, all are in position in the DPO except one accounts assistant. In the
BRCs, all the three coordinators are in position, while 3 BRPs are vacant. Similarly
one ou of 9 IERT is in vacant position. 21 CAEOs are in position and there are 4
vacancies in the CRCs.
15. MID-DAY MEAL SCHEME
All schools served variety of food under mid-day meal. It also displayed daily
menu list. These schools served hot cooked meals. Schools also reported about
greens and vegetables being part of the MDM. The schools reveald an average
enrolment of 68. The average attendance on the day of visit was 64. The previous
day MDM register indicated the number of children taking food was 64 and on the
day of visit, it was found to be 60. There was not much of a difference between
the numbers from different sources.
16. ADDITIONAL ITEMS CHECKED DURING SCHOOL
VISITS BY MI
From the sample schools from the field, it is noticed that the total working days
ranged from 222 to 238. The average of the same was found to be 231. All
schools excepting one school had clean environment, good building, good
classrooms, lighting facility, blackboard and TLM. However with respect to play
ground and seating equipment facilities for pupils, sports and play equipment,
some adequacies wer noticed in a few schools. All schools except one had
organized health check up for their pupils. 4 schools reported about low
attendance, for which some effort was made by the schools. There was
continuous and comprehensive evaluation system in place and grading system
was being adopted for pupils assessment. In all 11 schools reported about under
and over aged children. 2 schools reported about children leaving the school in
the past six months and 2 schools reported about these children joining other
schools. Overall rapport between pupils and teachers was quite good.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
47

Remedial Teaching
The district had planned remedial teaching for 3083 children with an outlay of Rs.
15.415 lakhs. There is good progress with more than 80.0 per cent utilization.
During the viist, it was noticed that the schools had enaged children in remedial
teaching after schhhol hours on a regular basis.
BRC
The district reveals 100.0 per cent utilization
CRC
The district reveals more than 95.0 per cent utilization, which is excellent.
SSA Overall Total
The district had an overall allocation of Rs. 1120.549 lakh allocation for the year
2008-09. Out of this, Rs.780.15 lakh has been spent so far accounting for close
to 70.0 per cent, which may be considered fairly satisfactory.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
***************
48

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
49

KODAGU DISTRICT (LPS)
G L P SCHOOL
1 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI ARUVATHOKLU ARUVATHOKLU
G L P SCHOOL
2 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI HAKATHUR
HULITALA
G L P SCHOOL
3 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI HERAVANADU HERAVANADU
G L P SCHOOL
4 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI KIRUNDADU KIRUNDADU
KUNDALPADI G M P SCHOOL
5 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI PERAJE
PERAJE
G L P SCHOOL
KUNJALA
6 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI KUNJILA
AMBALA
G M P SCHOOL
7 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI MEKERI
MEKERI
G L P SCHOOL
8 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI PALUR
PALUR
G M P SCHOOL
9 KODAGU 292502 SOMAVARPET ANDAGOVE KODAGARAHALLI
G L P SCHOOL
10 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET BADAGABANANGALA MARGOLLY
G L P SCHOOL
11 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET BITTANGALA BITTANGALA
G L P SCHOOL
HEBBALE
12 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET HEBBALE
BADRAGOLA
G L P SCHOOL
13 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET KUNJALAGERI KUNJALAGERI
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
50
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education

14 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET NOKYA
KODAGU DISTRICT (HPS)
1 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI BELIGERI
CHERALA
2 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI SHRIMANGALA
3 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI KALOOR
4 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI KOLAKERI
5 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI MALECHEMBU
6 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI MEKERI
SODLUR
7 KODAGU 292501 MADIKERI KATTEMADU
8 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET BEGUR
9 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET HODDUR
10 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET KUMTOOR
11 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET MEKUR HOSAKERI
12 KODAGU 292503 VIRAJPET PARKATAGERI
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
51
G L P SCHOOL
NOKIA
G H P SCHOOL
BELIGERI
G H P SCHOOL R
S CHETTALLI
G H P SCHOOL
KALOOR
G H P SCHOOL
CHAPPENDADI
G H P SCHOOL
DABBADKA
G M P SCHOOL
MEKERI
G H P SCHOOL S
KATTEMADU
G H P SCHOOL
BEGUR
G H P SCHOOL
HODDUR
G H P SCHOOL
KAKOOR
G H P SCHOOL
AMMEGUNDI
G H P SCHOOL
BIRUNANI
G H P
SCHOOL
KAKOOR
G H P
SCHOOL
AMMEGUNDI
G H P
SCHOOL
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education
Department of
Education

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
52
BIRUNANI

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
53

SSA Monitoring of Dakshina Kannada District
of Karnataka: A Report
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Prepared by
Dr. M.D.Usha Devi
ISEC, Bangalore
Submitted to
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Government of India
2009
Preface
The present monitoring report relating to Dakshina Kannada District of
Karnataka is an outcome of the task assigned by the Ministry of Human Resource
Development, Government of India, and the task accomplished by the Institute
54

for Social and Economic Change, (ISEC) Bangalore for monitoring progress and
implementation of SSA activities in Karnataka.
The task required visiting three blocks in the district as sample blocks
covering 50 schools, five BRCs and five CRCs along with capturing activities under
Out of School Strategies and civil works. The monitoring task has been
accomplished satisfactorily with the cooperation extended by the State Project
Office, the District Project Office and the sub-district office functionaries and the
project team members. In particular, Sri. Gopal, Dy.PC of D.K. district and his
SSA team who extended excellent support in the field at various stages of this
work deserve special word of appreciation and thanks from us. The coordinator is
indeed thankful to the MHRD for having given this wonderful opportunity to visit
different districts, understand the implementation of SSA across the blocks in the
district and to prepare reports based on the analysis of the field data captured.
Our thanks are also due to the State Project Director, Director (SSA
Programmes), programme officers from the state project office, SSA Mission, GoK
and all those who have provided excellent cooperation in this endeavour.
The coordinator is also thankful to the Director, ISEC for extending full
support to carryout the SSA monitoring task. The entire project team deserves
the appreciation for the professional support rendered at various stages in this
huge monitoring task.
The final report is prepared keeping in view the terms of reference given
by the MHRD. It is hoped that the readers of this report would get a picture of
how Dakshina Kannada district is performing in implementing SSA programme.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
55
M. D. Usha Devi
Coordinator,
MHRD/GoI SSA
Monitoring
Karnataka

Project Team
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
56
Position in the Project
1 Dr. M.D.Usha Devi Coordinator & MHRD Team Lead
Member, Dakshina Kannada District
2 Mr. Datta Saraf
3 Sri. P. Mahadeviah
Desk Officer, Dakshina Kannada
District
Field Officer, Dakshina Kannada
District
4 Sri.Seenappa Field Investigator, Belthangadi Block
5 Sr. Sheenappa Field Investigator, Puttur Block
6 Sri. Raghu Field Investigator, Sulya Block

Preface
Project Team
Content page
Chapter 2: Methodology Used:
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Contents
Chapter 1: District Profile and Historical Background
2.3 Sampling Design
2.4 Tools for Data Collection
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Chapter 3: Review of AWP&B and Analysis of Field Data
57

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 1
DISTRICT PROFILE
No. of Revenue Blocks : 5
No. of Education Blocks : 7
No. of BRCs : 5
No. of CRCs : 76
No. of Grama Panchayats : 204
No. of Villages : 378
No. of Wards : 180
No. of Habitations : 1708
2.1 Demographic Details
Present population of the district is 18,97,730. A comparison of the
population from 1991 and 2001 is shown in the following Table.
Table – 2: Comparison of District Population with the Population of State
and Country
2001 1991
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Dakshina Kannada(in Lakhs) 9.38 9.59 18.97 8.19 8.36 16.55
Karnataka (in Lakhs) 288.56 238.77 527.33 229.00 220.70 449.70
India (in Lakhs) 5312.77 4957.38 10270.15 4375.98 4063.33 8439.31
Source: 2001 Census and 1991 Census
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000
0
POPULATION COMPARISON 1991-2001
819847
938434
836318
959296
58
2E+06
Male Female Total
2E+06
1991
2001
The details of population gender wise and category wise is
annexed in the Table -1 in the annexure.

Sl.
N
o
Table – 3 : Area and Density of population and sex ratio.
Taluks
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Source : Census records 2001.
2.1.1 The SC and STs comprise 7.06 percent and 3.91 percent
respectively of the total population of the district. The
present population of the SC is 133924 and ST is 93970
(projected from 2001 figures) special programmes for
these deprived communities are in progress in the district.
2.1.2 Density of population in Dakshina Kannada District in
2001 is 433 persons per sq.km. Whereas the State
average is 275 per sq.km. The growth rate of density of
population between 1971-81 and 1981-91 is 23.69 and
17.39 per sq.Km. respectively.
2.2 Literacy Scenario
Name of
Taluk
1 Bantwal
2 Belthangad
y
Density of
population
per sq.kms.
Table - 4 : Literacy Percentages in different taluks,
urban / rural divide.
Percentage Rural Urban
Total Male Femal
80.6
0
77.7
0
88.3
0
85.1
0
Growth rate (percentage)
of population
1971-81 1981-91
e
73.20
70.60
Total Male Femal
80.2
0
77.5
0
59
87.9
0
84.9
0
Sex ratio
(Female per
1000 males)
1991
e
72.70
70.30
Total Male Femal
83.1
0
85.7
0
Sex ratio
(Female per
1000 males)
2001
Bantwal 492 25.45 13.46 1033 1024
Belthangady 179 27.56 20.33 1027 1032
Mangalore 1059 20.06 13.98 1041 1031
Puttur 266 25.56 20.84 978 1004
Sullia 170 19.83 18.36 968 983
Total 433.20 23.69 17.39 1009 1014.8
90.7
0
91.3
0
e
75.60
80.20

3 Mangalore
4 Puttur
5 Sullia
District
Total
87.3
0
80.3
0
81.2
0
83.4
0
90.00%
80.00%
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
92.6
0
87.2
0
87.4
0
89.7
0
89.70%
82.10
73.50
74.90
77.20
76.10%
82.0
0
78.4
0
80.1
0
79.7
0
60
89.3
0
85.8
0
86.6
0
87.1
0
77.20%
75.30
71.10
73.70
72.70
56.90%
89.7
0
88.8
0
88.4
0
89.1
0
83.40%
94.1
0
93.3
0
92.9
0
93.8
0
Male Female Total
66.60%
85.40
84.30
83.50
84.50
LITERACY RATE Comparision between District and State
Mangalore Taluk stands first in literacy percentage and Belthangady
Taluk last. In all the taluks urban literacy rates are marginally higher
than the rural. The female literacy lags by about ten to fifteen
percent behind the male literacy. Among other aspects this shows a
lack of accessability in Bantwal, Belthangady and Puttur. Comparing
to the literacy percentage of the state, Dakshina Kannada Dist.
stands in a better position in all respects.
D.K.
State

3.1 Educational Structure
The district is educationally forward in terms of literacy,
accessibility of educational institutions to pupils, enrolment percentage.
In Karnataka there are four levels of school education system. They are
Primary, Upper primary, Secondary and Higher secondary. The primary
comprises of I to V classes, Upper primary VI to VIII, Secondary VIII to X
classes and higher secondary XI to XII.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
There are 407 Primary schools and 1004 Upper primary
schools. The actual number of teachers working in primary school is
979 and 6027 teachers in upper primary schools. The total number of
children in primary is 178250 and 113979 children in upper primary.
Table – 5.a : Block wise Number of Primary Schools, Teachers and
Pupils
Block
Schools Teachers (Working) Pupils
Primary Upper primary Primary Upper primary Primary Upper primary
Bantwal 75 211 207 1401 35679 22842
Belthangady 85 138 187 910 23748 14798
Mangalore City 17 109 70 892 26953 17432
Mangalore Taluk 66 214 224 1105 44441 27173
Moodabidri 34 72 62 362 8562 5765
Puttur 57 170 98 844 26433 17558
Sullia 73 90 131 513 12434 8411
Total 407 1004 979 6027 178250 113979
Source: Data maintained at DPO 2006
Block
Table–5.b : Block wise Number of Secondary Schools, Teachers
and Pupils
Secondary Schools Teachers(Working) Pupils
G A U T G A U T G A U T
Bantwal 27 13 17 57 186 114 84 384 11926 5614 2374 19914
Belthangady 27 7 10 44 150 67 35 252 7634 3370 1407 12411
Mangalore City 9 27 19 55 57 114 18 189 1628 13112 3444 18184
Mangalore Taluk 29 27 49 105 195 231 111 537 7262 11255 5851 24368
Moodabidri 13 9 5 27 52 242 280 574 1782 3268 427 5477
Puttur 19 17 24 60 138 159 156 453 7202 6091 2817 16110
Sullia 15 5 12 32 121 41 73 235 4261 1653 1290 7204
Total 139 105 136 380 899 968 757 2624 41695 44363 17610 103668
G - Government, A – Govt. Aided, U- Unaided, T-Total
61

Sl.
No
Table – 6 : Management wise distribution of schools.
Block Name
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Education Dept.
Social welfare
Dept.
62
Pvt. Aided Pvt. Unaided Total
LPS UPS LPS UPS LPS UPS LPS UPS LPS UPS
1 Bantwal 55 138 3 0 4 53 13 20 75 211
2 Belthangady 72 106 2 4 1 23 10 7 85 140
3 Mangalore City 3 28 0 1 4 38 9 41 16 108
4 Mangalore Taluk 30 102 0 3 11 62 25 47 66 214
5 Moodabidri 25 41 0 1 0 19 9 10 34 71
6 Puttur 46 138 1 0 0 14 10 18 57 170
7 Sullia 65 75 2 0 0 6 6 9 73 90
TOTAL 296 628 8 9 20 215 82 152 406 1004
Note: Out of total number of UPSs 13 UPSs are to be treated as single unit.
Source : BEOs Report 2006
3.2 Details of Child population :
Table: 7: Details of child population of age group 6-14.
Sl.
No
235
Name of Taluk
Management wise schools
231
17
924
6-14 Child Population
(Child census 2006)
Boys Girls Total
1 Bantwal 27241 23239 50480
2 Belthangady 18518 18516 37034
3 Mangalore City 21278 21276 43854
4 Mangalore Taluk 31710 28709 60419
5 Moodabidre 7222 6767 13989
6 Puttur 22363 18364 40727
7 Sullia 9265 8865 18130
Total 137597 125736 264633
Source : Child census Feb – 2006
Govt
Aided
unaided
Social welfare

SI.
No
3.3 Schools and Access position
a) ACCESS : By Habitation
Table – 8(a): Table shows access ratio for LPS & UPS Block wise
Block Name
Total No.of
habitations
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
No. of habitations which
have primary schools
within 1 km
63
LPS A.R
No.of habitations
which have UPS
within 3 km
UPS A.R
1 Bantwal 469 469 100 469 100
2 Belthangady 483 483 100 480 99.38
3 Mangalore City 45 45 100 45 100
4 Mangalore Taluk 234 234 100 234 100
5 Moodabidre 84 84 100 84 100
6 Puttur 225 225 100 225 100
7 Sullia 168 168 100 168 100
Block
Total 1708 1708 100 1705 99.91
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07 A.R – Access Ratio
The above table shows that all the blocks have 100%
Access Ratio for LPS. These figures reveal that, 3 habitations in
Belthangady block lack UPS schooling facility within a radius of 3
Kms. It is due to the scattered population owing to the forested
geography of this region.
b) ACCESS : By Child Population
* Access ratio for LPS – 100% * Access ratio for UPS – 100%
Table – 8(b): Access by schools
Child
population of
age group 6-11
Enrollment
1-5
Access Ratio
for LPS
Child
population
of age group
12-14
Enrollment
6-8
Access
Ratio for
UPS
Bantwal 35026 35679 100 15646 22842 100
Belthangady 22403 23748 100 14823 14798 100
Mangalore City 26477 26953 100 17569 17432 100
Mangalore Taluk 43236 44441 100 17375 27173 100
Moodabidre 8502 8562 100 5535 5765 100
Puttur 26515 26433 100 13404 17558 100
Sullia 12341 12434 100 5781 8411 100
TOTAL 174500 178250 100 90133 113979 100
Source: child census 2006 and BEOs Report 2006-07

Block
The above table reflects
� The children of age group 6-14 have access to both primary and
upper primary schools within the radius of 1 K.M.
� All the blocks achieved 100% access to schools.
3.4 Teacher and teacher related indicators:
Table – 9(a) Teacher Information (Management wise)
Lower Primary
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
1-5 (LPS) Sanctioned 1-5 (LPS) Working
Govt. Aided Unaided Total Govt. Aided Unaided Total
Bantwal 127 20 65 212 127 15 65 207
Belthangady 151 2 34 187 151 2 34 187
Mangalore City 7 51 40 98 7 23 40 70
Mangalore Taluk 72 51 125 248 72 27 125 224
Moodabidre 49 0 22 71 40 0 22 62
Puttur 95 0 30 125 68 0 30 98
Sullia 131 0 0 131 131 0 0 131
TOTAL 632 124 316 1072 596 67 316 979
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07
Note: There is no single teacher school in our District.
Table – 9(b): Male-Female teacher percentage
Block Male Female
64
Female Teacher
Percentage
Bantwala 58 149 72
Belthangady 85 102 55
Mangalore City 0 70 100
Mangalore Taluk 34 190 85
Moodabidre 48 14 23
Puttur 40 58 59
Sullia 30 101 77
Total 295 684 67
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07

Block
Table - 10(a) Teacher Information (Management Wise) (Upper Primary)
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
1-7 (UPS) Sanctioned (UPS) Working
Govt. Aided Unaided Total Govt. Aided Unaided Total
Bantwal 969 489 123 1581 839 339 123 1301
Belthangady 693 229 53 975 563 174 53 790
Mangalore City 195 396 465 1056 182 245 465 892
Mangalore Taluk 800 669 329 1798 767 366 329 1462
Moodabidre 236 143 68 447 215 79 68 362
Puttur 892 151 72 1115 720 41 72 833
Sullia 438 38 37 513 387 39 37 463
TOTAL 4223 2115 1147 7485 3673 1283 1147 6103
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07
Table – 10(b): Male-Female teacher percentage
Block Male Female
65
Female Teacher
Percentage
Bantwala 624 677 52
Belthangady 316 474 60
Mangalore City 62 830 93
Mangalore Taluk 175 1287 88
Moodabidre 119 243 67
Puttur 283 550 66
Sullia 199 264 57
Total 1778 4325 69
The above Tables reflect that
� In government lower primary schools and upper primary
schools there are about 36 and 550 posts vacant
respectively. These posts are vacant due to:
1. Normal superannuation of teachers
2. Promotions of 29 primary teachers as graduate assistant
teachers to government high schools in November 2006
� In aided lower primary schools 57 and upper primary schools
about 832 posts are vacant against the sanctioned posts.
This is due to the ban imposed by the government on fresh
recruitments to aided primary schools. These posts may be

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
filled up in the near future depending on the State
governments policy.
3.5 Teacher Classroom Ratio
Table 10 shows the distribution of teacher classroom ratio
during 2007-08.
Teacher: Classroom ratio for LPS is 1: 1.30.
• Total No. of classrooms available : 792
• No. of Teachers sanctioned : 632
• Teacher Classroom Ratio : 1: 1.25
Teacher: Classroom ratio for UPS is 1: 1
• Total No. of classrooms available : 4927
• No. of Teachers sanctioned : 4223
• Teacher Classroom Ratio : 1: 1.17
Table - 11: Teacher Class Room Ratio (Govt. Only)
Block
No. of
TRs
Sanctioned
LPS UPS
Total
Rooms
available TCR
66
No. of
TRs
Sanctioned
Total
Rooms
available TCR
Bantwal 127 151 1:1.19 969 1014 1:1.05
Belthangady 151 198 1:1.31 693 864 1:1.24
Mangalore City 7 10 1:1.42 195 212 1:1.09
Mangalore Taluk 72 83 1:1.52 800 873 1:1.09
Moodabidre 49 62 1:1.27 236 308 1:1.30
Puttur 95 127 1:1.37 892 1039 1:1.16
Sullia 131 161 1:1.23 438 617 1:1.40
TOTAL 632 792 1:1.25 4223 4927 1:1.17
Source: BEOs Report
On consolidation of the Block Level Plans for the year 2007-
08, it was found that there is a need for 485 additional classrooms
and 37 rooms for major repair. In the blocks of Bantwal,
Mangalore City and Taluk the TCR is less than the prescribed norms,
hence for the said blocks additional class rooms are required to fill the
gap in the TCR for the year 2007-08.

Table - 12:
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
In some blocks of the district, there is a need for additional
class rooms in the schools as in those schools there is an increase in
enrolment of pupils and also due to the fact that some schools have
started classes for standard 8. This is despite the fact that in some
schools of the district there is an excess of availability of class rooms
due to reduction in enrolment.
The TCR of the LPS in District is 1:1.25 and UPS is 1:1.17 it is
essential to provide Additional Class Rooms for the following reasons
� 220 schools started class 8th.
� 54 schools having computer facility.
� 475 rooms as HM/Staff rooms.
3.5.1 Teacher Pupil Ratio
The teacher-pupil ratio is 1:19 in LPS and 1:28 in UPS. There
are 596 teachers, 12319 pupils in LPS and 3673 teachers, 119555
pupils in UPS.
Block
Teacher Pupil Ratio (Govt. Only)
LPS UPS
Sanctioned Enrollment TPR Sanctioned Enrollment TPR
Bantwal 127 2692 1:21 969 28812 1:29
Belthangady 151 3400 1:22 693 20831 1:30
Mangalore City 7 135 1:19 195 5298 1:27
Mangalore Taluk 72 1226 1:17 800 22316 1:28
Moodabidre 49 754 1:15 236 5765 1:24
Puttur 95 1855 1:19 892 24800 1:28
Sullia 131 2257 1:17 438 11733 1:27
TOTAL 632 12319 1:19 4223 119555 1:28
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07
In LPS TPR is lowest in Moodabidre and highest in Belthangady. And in
UPS TPR is lowest in Moodabidre and highest in Belthangady.
Enrolment and Enrolment related indicators
In order to achieve the first objective of SSA, efforts are being taken to
identify all the out of school children and mainstream them. There were 1076
67

BLOCK
Bantwal
Belthangady
Mangalore
City
Mangalore
Taluk
Moodabidri
Puttur
Sullia
Total
number of out of school children in 2006. These children comprise of mostly
Handicapped, Children of migrating parents, Attaining the age of maturity,
Household work and others. Out of these children 1066 children have been
mainstreamed during 2006-07.Remaining 10 children were not mainstreamed
because of migration.
Table - 13: Block Wise, Category wise Enrolment
Cate
gory
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Enrolment 1 TO 5 Enrolment 6 TO 7 Enrolment in 8
B G T B G T B G T
ALL 18385 17294 35679 7925 7425 15350 4096 3396 7492
SC 990 974 1964 375 363 738 176 164 340
ST 880 834 1714 403 361 764 198 182 380
ALL 12301 11447 23748 5051 4846 9897 2720 2181 4901
SC 1231 1225 2456 547 489 1036 259 192 451
ST 695 626 1321 281 242 523 177 140 317
ALL 13839 13114 26953 5496 5513 11009 3313 3110 6423
SC 783 767 1550 334 357 691 178 161 339
ST 279 251 530 85 78 163 35 56 91
ALL 22829 21612 44441 9396 8589 17985 4988 4200 9188
SC 1127 951 2078 459 368 827 233 204 437
ST 391 414 805 157 116 273 51 48 99
ALL 4442 4120 8562 1975 1749 3724 1096 945 2041
SC 558 550 1108 261 245 506 123 123 246
ST 193 177 370 84 68 152 33 33 66
ALL 13479 12954 26433 5922 5326 11248 3409 2901 6310
SC 1763 1663 3426 747 649 1396 296 273 569
ST 740 678 1418 343 278 621 179 180 359
ALL 6522 5912 12434 2869 2655 5524 1568 1319 2887
SC 1050 935 1985 396 396 792 127 106 233
ST 486 443 929 236 226 462 142 125 267
ALL 91797 86453 178250 38634 36103 74737 21190 18052 39242
SC 7502 7065 14567 3119 2867 5986 1392 1223 2615
ST 3664 3423 7087 1589 1369 2958 815 764 1579
Source: BEOS Report 2006-07
68

SI. NoBlock
Table - 14: Block wise Boy Girl Ratio
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Block Boys Girls Total Boy-Girl Ratio
Bantwal 30406 28115 58521 1.10
Belthangady 20072 18474 38546 1.07
Mangalore City 22648 21737 44385 1.04
Mangalore Taluk 37213 34401 71614 1.08
Moodabidre 7513 6814 14327 1.08
Puttur 22810 21181 43991 1.08
Sullia 10959 9886 20845 1.09
Total 151621 140608 292229 1.23
Source: BEOS Report 2006-07
3.6 Infrastructure Facility:
With all efforts through SSA and convergence with other schemes,
still there are large number of schools require infrastructure facilities.
Out of 924 schools at elementary level; 171 schools have no common
toilet facilities; 221 schools require toilets for girls. So we require 950
units of toilets for 392 schools. 92 schools require electrifications; 758
schools need boundary walls; similarly 189 need play grounds, 274
schools require drinking water facilities and 642 schools require ramps-a
special provision for the physically challenged children. We are confident
that we will be able to provide toilet and drinking water facilities to all the
schools by the end of 2007-08. To achieve this target, of providing 100%
infrastructure facilities in all the schools of the district, there is a need for
allocation of funds for infrastructure on a priority basis for the year 2007-
08.
The following table shows existing infrastructure facilities available
in Govt. primary Schools.
Table – 15
No. of
Schools
Drinking
Water
69
No. of Schools having facilities
% Toilets % Electricity % Comp. wall %
School
Bldg.
% Ramps %
1 Bantwal 193 182 94 180 93.26 170 88.08 81 41.96 191 99 52 23.31
2 Belthangady 178 169 96 159 90.34 153 86.93 73 41.47 177 99 50 13.63

3 Mangalore City 31 31 96.87 30 93.75 31 96.87 25 78.12 31 100 17 34.37
4 Mangalore Taluk 132 128 96.96 122 92.42 124 93.93 64 48.48 125 95 40 12.12
5 Moodabidre 66 65 97 61 91.04 64 95.52 31 46.26 66 100 23 26.86
6 Puttur 184 168 91.30 176 95.65 165 89.69 73 39.67 183 99 50 15.76
7 Sullia 140 132 94.28 140 100 125 89.28 86 61.42 140 100 50 16.42
Total 924 875 94.69 868 93.93 832 90.04 433 46.86 913 98.81 282 30.52
Source: Data maintained at DPO 2006-07
The above table reflects
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
• 94.69% schools have Drinking Water facility.
• 93.93 % Schools have Toilets facility.
• 90.04% Schools have Electricity facility.
• 46.86% Schools have Compound Wall facility.
• 98.81% Schools have Building facility
• 30.52% Schools have Ramps facility
Table – 16 shows infrastructure facilities required in Govt.
primary Schools.
Sl.
No.
BLOCK
Drinking
water
Toilet Electricity Ramps CRC Add.Rooms Compound
walls
1 Bantwal 52 134 0 141 2 57 176
2 Belthangady 131 155 75 126 2 159 177
3 Mangalore City 3 15 2 15 11 14 10
4 Mangalore Taluk 0 12 27 93 5 83 101
5 Moodabidri 0 12 5 44 11 16 12
6 Puttur 60 60 16 134 4 144 146
7 Sullia 28 59 29 90 5 12 136
Total 274 447 154 643 40 485 758
Source: Data maintained at DPO 2006-07
1. 485 additional classrooms are needed as per SSA norms
and 37 rooms for major repairs.
2. 274 schools are in need of clean drinking water facility
70

3. 758 schools require compound walls
4. 154 schools require to be electrified, due to construction of
new buildings.
5. 643 schools require ramps for physically challenged
children.
3.7 Gross Enrolment Ratio (G.E.R.)
3.7.1 G.E.R. for 1-5th:
Table 17(a)
Sl.No Block Category
1 Bantwal
2 Belthangady
3 Mangalore
City
4 Mangalore
Taluk
5 Moodabidri
6 Puttur
7 Sullia
Total
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Child Population Age
Group 6-11
71
1-5 th Enrollment
( As on 30-09-2006)
GER (%)
Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot
All 18012 17014 35026 18385 17294 35679 102 102 102
SC 1081 1089 2170 990 974 1964 92 89 91
ST 949 821 1770 880 834 1714 93 101 97
All 11401 11002 22403 12301 11447 23748 108 104 106
SC 1191 1213 2404 1231 1225 2456 103 101 102
ST 605 559 1164 695 626 1321 114 112 112
All 13438 13039 26477 13839 13114 26953 103 101 102
SC 565 556 1121 783 767 1550 138 138 138
ST 132 128 260 279 251 530 211 196 204
All 22218 21018 43236 22829 21612 44441 103 103 103
SC 1078 910 1988 1127 951 2078 104 105 105
ST 378 422 800 391 414 805 103 98 101
All 4250 4252 8502 4442 4120 8562 105 97 102
SC 432 489 921 558 550 1108 111 110 111
ST 181 163 264 193 177 370 106 108 107
All 13258 13257 26515 13479 12954 26433 102 98 100
SC 1788 1667 3455 1763 1663 3426 99 100 100
ST 745 711 1456 740 678 1418 100 95 98
All 6170 6171 12341 6522 5912 12434 106 96 101
SC 1029 898 1927 1050 935 1985 102 104 103
ST 529 446 975 486 443 929 91 99 95
All 88747 85753 174500 91797 86453 178250 103 101 102
SC 7164 6822 13986 7502 7065 14567 104 103 104

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
ST 3459 3230 6689 3664 3423 7087 105 105 105
Source: Children Census 2006 and BEOs Report
The above table reflects
• GER of Sullia block is the minimum with a ratio of 101.
• GER of Belthangady is the maximum with a ratio of 106 as
some of the pupils enrolled in schools here belong to mofussil
limits.
• GER for SC & ST pupils is similarly minimum in the Bantwala
Block and maximum in the Mangalore City Block
3.7.2 G.E.R. for 1-8th:
Table 17(b)
72

Sl.
No
Block
1 Bantwal
2 Belthangady
3 Mangalore
City
4 Mangalore
Taluk
5 Moodabidri
6 Puttur
7 Sullia
Total
Categor
y
Source: Children Census 2006 and BEOs Report
The above table reflects
• GER of Mangalore City block is the minimum with a ratio of
101.
• GER of Bantwal is the maximum with a ratio of 116 as some
of the pupils enrolled in schools here belong to mofussil limits
too.
• GER for SC & ST pupils is similarly minimum in the
Belthangady Block and maximum in the Mangalore City
Block.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Child Population Age Group
6-14
(as on Feb 2005)
The above tables show block wise, gender wise and social
group wise Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) in class 1 to 5 and 1 to 8. In
73
1-8 th Enrollment
(As on 30-9-2006)
GER (%)
Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot
All 27241 23239
50480 30406 28115 58521 112 121 116
SC 1564 1502 3066 1541 1501 3042 102 100 101
ST 1366 1256 2622 1481 1377 2858 108 110 109
All 18518 18516 37034 20072 18474 38546 108 100 104
SC 2635 2610 5245 2037 1906 3943 77 73 75
ST 1379 1246 2625 1153 1008 2161 84 81 82
All 21278 21276 43854 22648 21737 44385 101 102 101
SC 779 747 1526 1295 1285 2580 166 172 169
ST 179 165 344 399 385 784 222 233 228
All 31710 28709 60419 37213 34401 71614 117 120 119
SC 1479 1238 2717 1819 1523 3342 122 123 123
ST 521 533 1054 599 578 1177 115 108 112
All 7222 6767 13989 7513 6814 14327 104 101 102
SC 841 798 1639 942 918 1860 112 115 114
ST 287 243 530 310 278 588 108 114 111
All 22363 18364 40727 22810 21181 43991 102 115 108
SC 2540 2342 4882 2806 2585 5391 110 110 110
ST 1101 1034 2135 1262 1136 2398 114 110 112
All 9265 8865 18130 10958 9886 20845 118 112 115
SC 1388 1250 2638 1573 1437 3010 113 115 114
ST 680 593 1273 864 794 1658 127 133 130
All 137597 125736 264633 151621 140608 292229 110 112 111
SC 11226 10487 21713 12013 11155 23168 107 106 107
ST 5513 5070 10583 6068 5556 11624 110 109 110

all cases enrollment is higher than the school age population in all
blocks because of voluntary admission in the age group of 5 to 6 and
a portion of overage students in higher classes. The overall G.E.R. in
class 1-5 th is 102 and in 1-8 th is 111.
3.8 Net Enrolment Ratio (N.E.R)
3.8.1 N.E.R for 1 to 5th
Table 18 (a)
Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Enrolment 1-5
(Age Group 6-11)
School Age Population
(Age Group 6-11)
74
NER (%)
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Bantwal 18385 17294 35679 21058 19968 41026 87.30 86.60 86.96
Belthangady 12301 11447 23748 13855 13174 27029 88.78 86.89 87.86
Mangalore City 13839 13114 26953 15915 15524 31439 86.95 84.47 85.73
Mangalore Taluk 22829 21612 44441 25776 24121 49897 88.56 89.59 89.06
Moodabidri 4442 4120 8562 5141 4744 9885 86.40 86.84 86.61
Puttur 13479 12954 26433 15754 15080 30834 85.56 85.90 85.72
Sullia 6522 5912 12434 7693 7073 14766 84.77 83.58 84.20
Total 91797 86453 178250 105192 99684 204876 87.26 86.72 87.00
Source: Children Census 2006-07 and BEOs Report
3.8.2 N.E.R. for 1 to 8th
Table 18(b)
Block
Enrolment 1-8
(Age Group 6-14)
School Age Population
(Age Group 6-14)
NER (%)
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Bantwal 30406 28115 58521 30699 28272 58971 99.04 99.44 99.23
Belthangady 20072 18474 38546 20348 19104 39452 98.64 96.70 97.70
Mangalore City 22648 21737 44385 23162 22665 45827 93.84 95.90 96.85
Mangalore Taluk 37213 34401 71614 37884 35156 73040 98.22 97.85 98.04
Moodabidri 7513 6814 14327 7642 7137 14779 98.31 95.47 96.94
Puttur 22810 21181 43991 23441 21832 45273 97.30 97.01 97.16
Sullia 10958 9886 20845 10831 9933 20764 98.84 99.52 99.61
Total 151620 140608 292229 154007 144099 298106 98.45 97.57 98.02
Source: Children Census 2006-07 and BEOs Report
The tables 18(a) & 18(b) reflect
• NER for Girls in the Classes 1-8 th is good in the District.

3.9 RETENTION RATE (RR):
separately.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
The following table shows the retention rate for LPS and UPS
Table: 19(a) RR for LPS
Sl.
No
Name of Taluk
ALL SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1 Bantwal 99.52 99.81 99.66 91.63 87.50 89.49 98.26 97.12 97.72
2 Belthangady 98.25 90.92 94.76 99.72 82.22 91.52 92.54 90.67 91.72
3 Mangalore City 99.56 98.61 99.09 100 93.33 96.55 100 96 98
4 Mangalore Taluk 92.97 90.12 91.54 94.87 89.27 92.54 86.36 86.67 86.47
5 Moodabidri 93.67 90.12 92.19 95.65 99.36 97.79 98.08 100 98.21
6 Puttur 98.99 99.55 99.25 98.49 97.89 98.18 97.33 97.89 97.61
7 Sullia 99.59 99.86 99.71 96.89 88.89 93.15 94.7 95.42 95.05
District Total 98.29 96.68 97.53 97.10 90.74 94.06 95.8 94.82 94.97
Source: BEOs Report 2006-07
Table 19(b): RR for UPS
Sl.
No
RR
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
Name of Taluk
Bantwal
belthangady
Mangalore city
Mangalore Taluk
RR FOR LPS
Moodabidri
BLOCKS
ALL SC ST
B G T B G T B G T
1 Bantwal 98.89 94.74 96.93 96.86 89.92 93.32 94.66 94.32 94.5
75
Puttur
Sullia
Total
ALL
SC
ST

2 Belthangady 88.2 88.7 88.43 84.56 83.00 83.82 90.96 73.26 82.5
3 Mangalore City 99.92 99.89 99.91 98.7 99.39 99.06 100 100 100
4 Mangalore Taluk 99.52 87.34 94.48 82.33 84.89 83.59 86.87 89.89 88.3
5 Moodabidri 98.14 97.14 97.78 98.23 98.67 98.48 98.44 100 99.12
6 Puttur 99.55 99.68 99.61 98.96 98.54 98.76 98.25 97.91 98.09
7 Sullia 99.61 96.02 97.92 93.81 91 92.57 82.67 82.03 83.77
District Total 95.35 93.82 94.62 89.87 89.22 89.55 96.69 89.89 91.38
Source: BEOs Report 2006
RR
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
RR FOR UPS
Bantwal
belthangady
Mangalore city
Mangalore Taluk
Moodabidri
3.10 CAPACITY BUILDING:
Blocks
76
Puttur
Sullia
Total
ALL
School Development and Monitoring Committees were established
in Karnataka before the commencement of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyana. In
our district according to the state norms S.D.M.C. were established with
9 members who are all parents of the children studying in that particular
school. This has led to an awakening among the public about their
powers and functions with regard to the functioning of schools including
provision of infrastructure and other facilities.
� Cluster Resource Centres are formed for academic improvement of
teachers so that there is an improvement in the overall quality of
education provided by the schools. These resource centres are the
SC
ST

hub of training activity for the teachers. The Cluster Resource
Persons (CRP) appointed conduct monthly interaction meetings
with the teachers, visit schools and give necessary suggestions for
improvement of teaching learning activity. The CRPs also support
and are actively involved in implementing all the educational
programmes.
� Block Resource Centres (BRC) have been formed in each Revenue
Block with one Co-ordinator and five Resource Persons (BRPs).
They impart and organise trainings about Chaitanya, T.L.M.
preparation, textbook, evaluation, Theatre in Education etc. for
teachers. Their area of work not only includes the above
mentioned activities but also involves training of the SDMC
Members and elected representatives of the Urban and Rural Local
Bodies. BRCs are mainly responsible for quality improvement.
� At the Block Level, Block Implementation Committees (BIC), Block
Resource Groups (BRG), Block Planning Committees (BPC) are
formed to oversee the smooth functioning and implementation of
SSA activities.
� At District Level District Implementation Committees (DIC),
District Resource Group (DRG), District Planning Committees
(DPC) are formed with the same objective as specified above.
3.11 DIET(District Institute of Education and Training)
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
DIET Mangalore takes care of both the pre-service and in-
service teacher education in the district. DIET is also the apex body in
the district for primary teacher education. DIET has the freedom to
undertake studies and implement innovative schemes for the benefit
of teachers in the district.
3.11.1 Structure of DIET
The DIET has seven wings which take care of different aspects
of teacher education. The details of the seven wings are not given
here because they are already well known. Right now, the functions of
DRU are under debate. Earlier this wing worked for adult and
continuing education. But now that work is taken care of by other
departments. So DRU has to grow as a resource unit for teachers and
77

teacher educators. The ET wing is more concerned with the Mahithi
Sindhu project than any other concerns. The work load is so much on
the wing that it can not think of other possibilities. There is a need to
reorganise the functioning of this wing allowing it to concentrate on
other aspects of educational technology too.
3.11.2 Role Expectations
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
DIET is supposed to cater to the pre-service and the in-service
teacher education in the district. While the PSTE functioning is guided
centrally by the KSEEB, DIET has all the freedom to design and
implement courses in in-service teacher education. DIET has also the
responsibility to design locally suitable curriculum for primary
education, though this has not been done until now. Now that the
Mahithi SIndhu project is extended to all the government schools,
DIET has to monitor the project and ensure that the resources meant
for this project are utilised properly. DIET is the apex body in teacher
education in the district. It guides, designs and implements teacher
training programmes. It also functions as a liaison officer between the
DSERT and the various agencies concerned with education and
teachers education.
3.11.3 Linkages with BRCs, CRCs and Schools
DIET co-ordinates teacher training programmes in various
BRCs. It also monitors the functioning of the CRCs. Follow up work is
also taken up by DIET to ensure the implementation of the new
strategies taught in the training programmes. Monthly meeting are
organised to review the functioning of these agencies
3.13 CRC :
There are 76 Cluster Resource Centres in the district with 76
sanctioned posts of CRPs during the financial year 2006-07. We
proposed 22 additional CRCs for the year 2007-08 as per the norms.
Table 20
Sl. No. Name of the Block
78
No of CRCs existing
District
1 Bantwal 16

3.14 BRC :
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
2 Belthangady 12
3 Mangalore City 04
4 Mangalore Taluk 17
5 Moodabidri 06
6 Puttur 12
7 Sullia 09
Total 76
There are 5 Block Resource Centres (BRC) with 25 Block
Resource Persons (BRPs) and 5 Block Resource Centre Coordinators
(BRCC) in the district.We proposed additional 2 BRCs to Mangalore Taluk
and Moodabidre Educational Blocks.
The following table shows the block wise details of children who
are out of school in the district. In the Age Group of 6-14, as identified
by the Child Census 2006, there were totally 1076 children.
Table 21
Sl.
No Name of Taluk
79
Out of school Children 6-14
Boys Girls Total
1 Bantwal 113 80 193
2 Belthangady 46 52 98
3 Mangalore City 51 70 121
4 Mangalore Taluk 153 138 291
5 Moodabidre 24 10 34
6 Puttur 105 88 193
7 Sullia 91 55 146
Total 583 493 1076
Source: Child Census Feb-2006
Out of 1076 out of school children 1066 children have been
mainstreamed during 2006-07 and remaining 10 children were not
enroled due to migration of parents.
Details of Children with Special Needs (CWSN):

The following table shows the details of CWSN of age group 6-14
who were identified during special IED census conducted in the month of
Jan-2006.
Table 22
Sl.
No Block VI HI OPH MR LD OTHER TOTAL
1 Bantwal 66 96 221 159 6 1 549
2 Belthangady 190 103 99 213 180 129 914
3 Mangalore City 35 49 79 160 88 2 413
4 Mangalore Taluk 65 166 147 189 212 27 806
5 Moodabidre 13 24 38 33 62 3 173
6 Puttur 64 78 94 114 320 80 750
7 Sullia 50 29 97 43 43 6 268
TOTAL 483 545 775 911 911 248 3873
Source: IED census 2006
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
80

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 2: Methodology
In this chapter, the methodology employed by the monitoring team for
data collection from the field has been described under three sections namely
sampling design, tools for data collection and strategies for field data collection.
The same is given in the foregoing sections.
2.1 Sampling Design: As per the requirement of the TOR of the MHRD (GOI)
a 5% sample of schools has to be covered for field data capturing in each district
so as to represent both formal and alternative and innovative types. In order to
do this, the monitoring team has employed a multi-stage, representative and
systematic random sampling design based on the criteria of number, distribution
of blocks and category of schools.
In the first stage, 5% sample of schools was worked out for each district
from out of the total number of government formal primary schools (both
Lower Primary Schools and Higher Primary Schools) in the district. This gave the
total number of schools that need to be covered for field visits.
In the second stage, the blocks were selected from the district based on
their geographical location in the district. In every district the sample size for
blocks has been restricted so as to cover a minimum of 50% as it was not
possible to include all the blocks for purpose of field data collection due to
constraints of time, resource and quality output. However care has been taken to
include blocks which are located away from the district head quarter as well as
those which are within the district head quarter.
In the third stage, after selecting the block, the 5% sample schools
selected for the district was distributed among the sample blocks selected for field
visits. The distribution was done proportionately as per the number of schools
present in each of the blocks. Further the distribution has been done for both
categories of Lower and Higher primary schools in the block separately. Thus the
final number of schools that needed to be selected from each block and each
category of primary schools in the district was obtained by this exercise.
In the fourth stage, the actual schools for visit were selected. This was
done using the EMIS school list data obtained from the State Project Office,
Karnataka. The schools were selected from out of the list using systematic
81

Name
of
blocks
selecte
d
Beltha
ngadi
Puttur
sampling technique so as to ensure not only unbiased selection, but also true
representativeness. Thus in the final list of schools selected, care was taken to
see that it included minority schools as well as EGS upgraded types.
Alternative Innovative Education: In line with the requirement of the TOR by
the MHRD(GOI), it was necessary to include alternative innovative education
strategies in the 5% sample coverage for field monitoring. However, the
monitoring team has considered this as an additional sample component over and
above the 5% sample of formal schools selected in each district. Thus an
additional number of 5-8 schools under this category in every district covering all
types such as Residential Bridge course(RBC), NRBC (Non-Residential Bridge
Course), Tent school, Mobile School, Seasonal Migration Residential School,
KGBV, NPEGEL, Home based etc,. has been covered. The number of schools
covered under this type is presented in the table in each of the district reports.
BRC/CRC: As per the TOR by the MHRD (GOI), a minimum of 5 CRCs and 5
BRCs was also to be covered in each district for SSA field monitoring. Thus from
each district, 5 CRCs and 5 BRCs have been selected to capture the field data. So
far as selecting the BRCs, all the sample blocks have been covered. In case of
number of sample blocks selected in the district is less than five, the BRCs in the
other blocks (non-sampled) have been selected on the basis of purposive
randomness so as to make it 5. However, if the district had less than 5 BRCs, all
the available number of BRCs has been covered including the non-sampled
blocks. Similarly for selecting the 5 CRCs, a purposive random sampling
technique has been used and the selection has largely been done from the
sample blocks owing to the presence of sufficient number of CRCs in each block.
The number of BRCs/CRCs covered is presented in the table in each of the district
reports.
Thus the overall sample size selected for Dakshina Kannada district is given in the
following table.
Table 2.1: Sample Size Selected in Dakshina Kannadai District
No. of Schools Selected Alternative Schools
LPS HPS Total
3 10 13
8 17 25
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Tent
School
RBC NPEG
EL
82
Home
based
school
Mobile
School
EGS KGBV
1 - - 3 - - -
BRC CRC

Sulya 5 9 14
Total
16 36 52 1 - - 3 - - - 5 5
2.2 Tools for Data Collection: As required by the TOR, for the purpose of
monitoring field level data, it was necessary to collect data from different sources
such as formal schools, alternative innovative education schools, CRCs, BRCs,
District Project Office (DPO) and the State Project Office (SPO). This necessitated
development of different kinds of tools for collecting comprehensive datasets,
both in quantitative and qualitative kinds from the field. As has been mentioned
earlier the field staff was oriented to collect the data using techniques such as
questioning, interviewing and observing during their visits to schools. Besides,
the data were also required to be gathered from several records, registers and
documents maintained in the schools. Therefore, the school schedule, in
particular has been designed in such a way that it lends itself for using variety of
techniques while collecting data from different sources. Specific instructions have
been inserted at appropriate places in the schedule to prompt the field
investigator not only to collect the required data but also for using different
techniques for the same.
In all, five different data capture formats have been developed by the
monitoring team, based on the tool given by the MHRD. The designing of these
formats involved several meetings of the monitoring team members as these
have been developed through participatory workshop modes. These
meetings/workshops were held both at RIE, Mysore and Institute for Social and
Economic Change, Bangalore. An unique feature of these formats is that they
attempt to capture every single data unit specified by the TOR be it from the
school, alternative school, CRC, BRC, DPO or the SPO. Further, the MS Excel
design used for developing the tool renders itself for smooth data keying in and
developing analysis format for data consolidation at the block, district and the
state levels as required. While the individual items in the field level data capture
formats from the formal schools and the alternative innovative education schools
(herein referred to as school schedule) have been rendered into regional
language (Kannada), all other schedules have been retained in English language.
A copy of each of the same is enclosed with the report under annexure.
Description of Tools: As mentioned earlier, five different data capture formats
have been developed by the monitoring team. The same is described hereunder.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
83

School Schedule: The school schedule includes main items such as opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grant, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning material, children with special needs, DISE, SDMC,
mid-day meals and other items such as enrolment, attendance, school health
check up, evaluation scheme, school environment and facilities, co-curricular
activities, learning attainments etc,. Under each one of these main items there
were several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to
the main item. In addition, the school schedule also included a master table
format seeking enrolment and attendance each, class-wise, sex-wise and
category-wise (general, SC, ST).
The SPO Schedule : The SPO schedule includes items relating to opening of new
schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher training,
teaching-learning materials, EGS,AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special needs,
NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, staffing pattern and position. Under each one of
these main items there were several sub-items, which attempted to capture
specific details pertaining to the main item.
The DPO Schedule: The DPO schedule includes items relating to opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning materials, EGS, AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special
needs, NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, Research and Evaluation, staffing and
BRCs,CRCs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
BRC/CRC Schedule: The BRC/CRC schedule includes main items relating to
staffing pattern and position, teacher and teacher training and children with
special needs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
Alternative Innovative Education: Under this category, separate tools have
been developed for each one so as to capture the required data from the field
visits along the lines of the TOR. Each one of them is described herein.
NPEGEL: This schedule includes items relating to model cluster school, gender
sensitive TLM, vocational education, gender empowerment for teachers,
community mobilisation for girls’ education, ECCE, activity documenting format,
frequency of reporting etc,. Under each one of these main items there were
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
84

several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the
main item.
KGBV: This schedule includes items relating to function, land identification, civil
works, sanctioned and filled in positions, enrolment and provision of facilities
including boarding and lodging arrangements and maintenance of the inmates
etc,. The specific items to elicit further information relating to each one of the
items are also included in the schedule.
RBC/NRBC : This schedule includes items relating to enrolment, attendance,
volunteers, training, mainstreamed children, infrastructure, learning attainment
levels, text books, TLM etc,. the specific questions relating to each one of these
items are also included in the schedule.
Tent/Mobile : The same RBC/NRBC schedule has been used for collecting data
relating to these types of schools with suitable modifications wherever required.
EGS Upgraded: This schedule includes items relating to up gradation, building
construction, civil works, teacher deployment etc,.
Home Based: This schedule includes items relating to child’s profile, volunteer,
education and training, mode of recruitment, monitoring support etc,.
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Logistic Support from the SPO/DPO: The data collection from the field
involved the support and cooperation of the SSA offices right from the state level
through the district level to the block and sub block levels. As such sufficient
effort was made by the MI in terms of obtaining official procedural sanctions. The
data collection from the field by the MI team was preceded by a meeting with the
SPO followed by the DPO, wherein the offices were apprised with regard to the
kinds and quality of data requirement from the offices/school and the kind of
logistic support to be provided to the monitoring teams during the field visits.
Accordingly, the field visits were planned with prior intimation to the SPO and the
DPO and after ascertaining the availability of the field functionaries for
interaction with the monitoring teams during the field visits as well as for
enabling the monitoring team in smooth data collection from the schools, CRCs,
BRCs, Alternative & Innovative Strategies and the DPO/DIET etc,.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
85

Planning: Data collection was a challenge, as it required covering 5% of the
actual number of schools in a district. As the task involved collection of data at
three levels, i.e., at the state level (SPO), at District level (DPO) and at school
level, the needed information was first segregated at three levels. The tools
meant for data collection at state level and district levels were kept separately
and the tools to be used at school level were printed in tune with the number
required in every district.
A separate meeting was held at Bangalore to train the field officers in
understanding the requirements of data collection activity. Apart from this they
were also taken to a school to actually show how different information will have
to be sought and recorded. Thus, the field officers were adequately trained in the
task of data collection work. This was necessary as they had the responsibility of
training field level functionaries whom these field officers eventually appointed.
Personnel Involved: Since the field work involved working in at least for 50
working days, and covering 5% of the actual schools in every district, the
monitoring institutes had no option but to appoint field functionaries. They
included the following. For every district, the following was planned.
Monitoring Institute to Coordinate Data Collection Work
One Field Officer
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
One Desk Officer
Four to Eight Field Investigators Per District Depending on the Number
and Spread of School Coverage
Method: The method of data collection at state, district and sub district levels
varied. At the state level, the SPO was requested to facilitate the work of
providing data from the state office. Similarly, cooperation was sought to gather
data from the district and sub-district offices through issue of official circulars and
orders. Concerned data capture formats were sent to these offices to collect the
required data. Wherever possible the soft copies of the formats were sent to
offices and the data were procured in soft copy formats by the MI. Efforts were
also made to obtain data from the DIETs as they were also involved in SSA
activities for the district.
86

Data Quality Assurance Measure: In order to ensure quality in the datasets
that were intended to be collected, all necessary precautions were kept in mind.
For instance, in the inner cover page, a provision has been made where, the
headmaster of the school will sign the booklet along with his seal and the field
investigator also signs, after the school data are recorded. Apart from this, the
data collected were physically checked, discussed and only then were received by
the field officer from the field investigators. Again the monitoring institute did a
sample check of some booklets and compared it with the list of sampled schools
to check for any deviation. After ensuring that there was no deviation from the
originally drawn set of sampled schools, they were accepted as completed work
and made available to keying in into the computer.
Keying in: The verified booklets were accepted for computer keying in. All the
school data were keyed in. They were compiled and district profiles were
prepared after integrating the data collected from the school, from the district,
from the state, apart from BRCs and CRCs.
Consolidation and Tabulation: Once the district profiles were developed, the
consolidation work got over and the collected data were tabulated. The tabulated
facts and figures became the basis for generation of the present report.
Facilitating Report Writing: The basic TOR of MHRD, GOI has been the basis
for undertaking the work and logically, the report also must be able to respond to
the issues raised in the TOR. The tabulation and integration of information drawn
from the state level, district level and sub district levels enabled and facilitated
report writing work.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
XXXXXXXX
87

CHAPTER 3: REVIEW OF AWP&B AND ANALYSIS OF FIELD DATA
1. OPENING OF SCHOOLS (BOTH PRIMARY &
UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS)
As revealed from the AWP&B, the district had planned for only 5 new primary
schools in the year 2008-09 as spill over. Under this component, 10 regular new
teachers’ salary has an approved outlay of Rs. 2.40 lakhs. There is no
expenditure under this as the teachers are yet to be recruited.
From the DPO data it is seen that all the 5 schools are sanctioned and the work
has not started as yet. 10 teachers are sanctioned, who are yet to be appointed.
From the field data, it is seen that the two new schools identified in the sample
are found to be currently working in another school. In both these cases, the
land has been identified and money released to SDMC. Even the TLE grant has
also been released to these schools, teachers have been appointed and even the
building construction is underway.
2. CIVIL WORKS
271 civil works reveals an outlay of Rs. 671.409 lakh. There is more than
adequate progress with more than 87.00 per cent of the money already being
spent.
From the DPO data it is seen that the work of the new schools is yet to be
started. Even work relating to additional classrooms, special toilets for CWSN,
BRC have not started.
From the field data, it is seen that grant has been released to all the SDMCs for
construction of 33 additional classrooms during the year. Out of this, the work
has begun in 22 cases. The progress for this reveals that 9 are in foundation
stage and the remaining 13 are in basement stage. Similarly money has also
been released for to SDMCs for construction of 3 new schools and 4 special toilets
for CWSN. On the spot observation revealed that in one case, the civil works for
additional classroom had come upto lintel level. In all these cases, the SDMC has
received both technical training and guidelines for civil works. The technical
committee is in place to supervise the quality of civil works and are also seen to
visit the sites as per schedule, and the SDMCs have maintained separate
accounts relating to all aspects of civil works. Overall the quality of civil works is
found to be quite satisfactory.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
88

3. TEXT BOOKS
78,775 children are covered under this scheme with an outlay of Rs. Rs.69.083
lakh. All the money has been spent revealing excellent progress.
From the DPO data it is noticed that altogether 73038 children from primary and
upper primary schools are found to be receiving text books. Considering the total
enrolment of 121123 in the district in these schools, the percentage of children
receiving text books works out to 60.03 per cent.
From the field data, it is noticed that
4. SCHOOL GRANTS
The district has registered excellent progress with almost 100.0 per cent fund
utilization for 2012 schools.
From the DPO data it is seen that a total of 2003 schools had received grant,
which included 1166 primary and 837 higher primary schools. The grant was
released in the month of May itself along with guidelines.
From the field data, it is seen that all the 50 schools except 2 schools had
received school grant in the month of June itself. The grant in general was
generally found to be used for repairs, furniture purchase, painting, drinking
water, electricity bill payment, plumbing work, school name board, calculator,
laboratory items, CD player etc,. In the previous year, almost all schools had
utilized the entire grant.
5. TEACHERS AND TEACHER TRAINING
Teachers’ salary (recurring) under this had an outlay of Rs. 505.08 lakhs out of
which Rs. 392.12 lakh have been spent upto January. Thus utilization is to the
tune of 77.64 per cent, which may be considered as satisfactory..
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
89

No data are provided by the DPO under this activity.
From the field data it is seen that overall 60.0 per cent of the schools have
teachers in position. About 17 schools revealed teacher absence on the day of
visit. In these schools the teachers had gone to attend training. Over 66.6 per
cent of the teachers had undergone in-service training at the DIET and BRCs.
Almost all teachers reported about giving feedback to the training programme
and same percentage of teachers reported that the training was effective. The
training covered all curricular subjects. However, teachers expressed the need for
more training in English, Maths, Hindi, Computers, administrative, social science,
life science and extra curricular subjects.
6. TEACHING LEARNING MATERIAL (TLM) GRANT
The district had an outlay of Rs. 41.18 lakhs for 8236 teachers in primary and
upper primary schools. Out of this, 83.05 per cent has been utilized upto January
2009, which may be considered as adequate progress.
From the DPO data it is noticed that Rs.30.32 lakh has been released to 6108
teachers towards TLM grant, which works out to 73.6 per cent, which is not only
less than what is revealed in AWP&B but also a poor reflection on the district’s
performance as all the grant should have been released to teachers by now.
From the field data, it is seen that except one school, in all schools all eligible
teachers had received TLM grant. All of them had received Rs.500/- per teacher.
While 64.0 per cent had displayed the TLM within the classroom, the remaining
34.0 per cent had displayed separately in the classroom. In all the schools, it was
found to be used by pupils. Similarly, all teachers had received training for TLM at
the BRCs. A large majority of schools have reported about sharing of good
practices.
7. EGS & AIE
The district reveals an outlay of Rs.20.500 lakh, out of which 86.80 per cent has
been spent. This may be considered as adequate progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district had started all the 11 sanctioned
RBC (Chinnara Angala), 1 Ashakirana (including I previous year’s) and 86 NRBC.
However, the 3 sanctioned tent schools have not been started, which rather
reflects poor planning. The proposed 120 HBE has also been started. There are
also 341 children covered under SED. While the enrolment in RBC (CA) reveals
accomplishment of the target, there is slight shortfall in Ashakirana with a
difference of 7 children. HBE and SED reveal full target accomplishment which
deserves appreciation of the district.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
90

From the field data it is noticed that one Ashakirana run by Prajgna Counselling
centre, an NGO had 50 children enrolled and during the visit to this centre, all
children excepting 2 boys had gone to school. These two boys had stayed away
due to some sickness. On interacting with these boys, it was noticed that the
facilities offered at the centre for both lodging and boarding were quite
satisfactory and even the learning levels of these boys were fairly satisfactory.
The centre also made provisions for providing academic support to these children.
The centre had adequate number of staff and they all seemed to be satisfied with
their work and emoluments.
Subsequent visits to schools to assess the learning levels of these mainstreamed
children, it is quite pleasing to note that by and large all of them had fairly
satisfactory level of learning competencies.
8. CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
6250 children were covered with an outlay of Rs. 75.0 lakh. 86.1 per cent of
this amount has been utilized so far revealing very satisfactory progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district had identified 6250 CWSN, out of
which 4153 have been enrolled, which works out to 66.5 per cent. The shortfall of
more than 25.0 per cent children under this intervention needs to be explained.
The number of CWSN provided with assistive devices is found to be 596. 21
resource teachers have been identified and 1 NGOs is found to be collaborating.
572 children out of these have been provided with HBE support.
From the field data, it is noted that in 40.0 per cent of the schools, CWSN
children had attended the medical camp. In these schools, 10 children from 11
schools were found eligible to receive assistive devices. From out of these
children, 7 children had received the aids. The remaining 3 had not received the
aids due to installation problem and lack of proper understanding of the mobility
device. Only in 2 schools, there was problem in use of hearing aid. Further, in
88.0 per cent of the schools, there was a ramp built as per requirements. In 34.0
per cent of the schools had 29 severely disabled children enrolled under home
based support. The attendance among the CWSN on the day of visit was more
than 90.0 per cent.
9. NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR EDUCATION OF
GIRLS AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL (NPEGEL)
There is no NPEGEL in the district.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
91

10. KASTURBA GANDHI BALIKA VIDYALAYA
(KGBV)
There is no KGBV in the district.
11. DISTRICT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR
EDUCATION (DISE)
The district reveals an outlay of Rs. 88.34 for MIS, out of which 50.0 per cent has
been spent so far.
From the DPO data it is seen that all aspects relating to EMIS are in place.
From the field data it is seen that all sample schools except one school had
received data capture formats in time and all teachers had received training in
this regard. All schools reported about 5% data verification by the BRCs/CRCs.
12. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION
The district records 52.80 per cent fund utilization under this, which may be
considered inadequate. Under innovative activity also, there is inadequate
progress as the district reveals fund utilisation to the extent of 33.35 per cent
only.
13. FUNCTIONING OF VEC
Excellent progress is seen with 100.0 per cent fund utilization.
No details are available in the DPO data.
From the field data it is seen that all schools except one school had SDMC in place
as per norms. These schools also were in possession of the SDMC guidelines.
There was regular monthly meeting of the SDMCs in these schools. over 90.0 per
cent of the schools revealed attendance in SDMC meetings between 51-100.0 per
cent. In the remaining schools, the attendance ranged between 10 to less than
50.0 per cent. More than 75.0 per cent of the schools reported about 50 to 100.0
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
92

per cent attendance of women members in the SDMC meetings. Close to 50.0 per
cent of the schools reported about all SDMC members having undergone training.
Over 30.0 per cent of the schools reported about 50 to 80 per cent of the
members having undergone training. Majority of the members expressed good
opinion about the training.
14. STAFFING AT STATE AND DISTRICT LEVEL
With regard to staffing at the DPO, all are in place excepting two FDCs. Similarly
at the BRCs, except one, all coordinators are in place. However, 4 BRPs (HS) and
5 BRPs (PS)3 BRPs are vacant in BRCs and in CRCs, there are 14 vacancies.
15. MID-DAY MEAL SCHEME
All schools served variety of hot cooked food under mid-day meal. The schools
also displayed daily menu list. Schools also reported about greens and vegetables
being part of the MDM, although not regularly. The number of schools, which
served same menu was negligible. In general all children took mid day meal. As
per records of the school, only less than 30.0 per cent of the schools revealed
some minor differences in the number of children enrolled, attended and took
MDM. These differences were quite small and single digit. There was almost
concurrence in the numbers based on the head count and as revealed in the
MDM registers. Even there was not much of a difference between the number of
children who took MDM on the day of visit and on the previous day thereby
suggesting consistency in the MDM beneficiary statistics. In fact it was noticed
that in some of the schools, the excess food was again served in the evening
during remedial teaching programmes. Sometimes, some of the children also
packed and carried MDM home.
All schools reported about receiving the food grains on time regularly. The food
grains were delivered to schools. About 8 schools reported about not having
sufficient buffer stock. Except two schools, all other schools received cooking cost
well in advance. In times of delay either the HM or the SDMC met the cost. There
was no discrimination of any kind with regard to caste and gender either during
serving of the food or in seating arrangement. A little over 10.0 per cent of the
schools reported about not being able to adhere to the menu. All children
expressed satisfaction with respect to quantity and quality of the food served
under MDM. Pleasantly all schools provided micronutrients and deworming
regularly. All schools were seen to maintain health card for children. All schools
cooked food in the school itself. More than 95 % of the schools had sufficient
number of staff for cooking MDM. Most of them were drawn from SHGs and
belonged to disadvantaged communities. While all cooks received Rs.800/- p.m.
the assistants received between Rs.400-500 p.m. the remuneration was received
regularly. All schools used gas for cooking MDM. All schools had potable water for
drinking. The general environment of cooking and eating MDM was clean and
safe. All children are found to take MDM in orderly manner and were also found to
be encouraged with respect to personal hygiene and water conservation. While in
30.0 per cent of the schools the SDMC/panchayats participated in the MDM
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
93

programme many times, in 66.0 per cent of the remaining schools, they were
found to participate only occasionally.
16. ADDITIONAL ITEMS CHECKED DURING SCHOOL
VISITS BY MI
From the sample schools from the field, it is noticed that the total working days
ranged from 226 to 236. The average of the same was found to be 230. Over
72.0 per cent of the schools had good building, another 22.0 per cent had
partially good building and in only one school the building was not good. All
schools had clean environment. More than 95.0 per cent of the schools have good
classrooms with adequate light, ventilation and blackboard. However, while 62.0
per cent of the schools had adequate play ground facility, another 26.0 per cent
of the schools have small play ground and another 10.0 per cent of the schools
have no play ground at all. Over 82.0 per cent of the schools have TLM and
another 16.0 per cent of the schools have insufficient TLMs. Over 60.0 per cent of
the schools have insufficient play equipment. However large majority of the
schools let children use them.
Over 92.0 per cent of the schools had organized health camp. In 22.0 per cent of
the schools, there was low attendance problem for which efforts are made by the
SDMC to visit homes of such children and providing all incentives to them. There
was continuous and comprehensive evaluation system in place and grading
system was being adopted for pupils assessment. About 12 schools reported
about under and over aged children. There were more underaged than overaged
children. 5 schools reported about children leaving the school in the past six
months and 3 schools reported about these children joining other schools. Overall
rapport between pupils and teachers was quite good.
REMEDIAL TEACHING
The district had planned remedial teaching for 13,392 children with an outlay of
Rs. 66.960 lakhs. There is inadequate progress with 61.0 per cent utilization.
During the visit, it was noticed that the remedial teaching was in full swing after
the school hours. It was reported by the school, that all children were involved in
the remedial programme within the given budget and there was full cooperation
from the parents. Similarly teachers seemed to be seriously engaged in this
activity.
BRC
The district reveals excellent progress with 98.3 per cent fund utilization
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
94

CRC
The district reveals excellent progress with almost 100.0 per cent fund utilization.
SSA OVERALL TOTAL
The district had an overall allocation of Rs. 2218.676 lakh allocation for the year
2008-09. Out of this, Rs.1757.852 lakh has been spent so far accounting for close
to 80.0 per cent, which may be considered quite satisfactory.
The district is a special focus district (SFD) during the year 2008-09.
Under this, the district has focused on SSA activities relating to minority
community (Muslims). It is seen that the district had initiated activities
through release of a public notification in press calling for NGOs
participation for mainstreaming girls from muslim communities.
Accordingly, two NGOs, Zamait Ullah Falah and VALORED were
identified to undertake innovative activities in this direction. From the
field data it is noticed that a total amount of Rs.12.25 lakh was released
to carry out activities in all the 7 blocks in the district. The activities that
were organized under this intervention included awareness campaigns
for religious and community leaders, mother and fathers. In addition,
seminar relating to minority children was organized at block level and
also a field study of the minority children were also undertaken. Special
awareness campaigns for muslim girl children were also organized at the
block level. In Mangalore taluk, a 12 month RBC has also been started.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
***********
95

1 23003 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA
DAKSHINA KANNADA DISTRICT
292402 BELTHANGADY GLPS, BENGILA
2 23010 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GUPS, ANIYOOR
3 23038 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GUPS, KORANJA
GLPS, KANIYOOR
4 23045 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY KASABA
GUPS,
5 23056 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY KASHIPATNA
6 23082 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GLPS, KUNTINI
GUPS, ELANEERU
7 23091 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GUTHYADKA
8 23104 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GUPS, UMBETTU
GLPS,
9 23118 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY SOOLABETTU
GUPS,
10 23135 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY PANDIJEVALYA
11 23150 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY GUPS, KEMMATE
GUPS,
12 23178 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292402 BELTHANGADY SARALIKATTE
13 23710 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, AITHOOR
14 23717 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, ARIYADKA
15 23729 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, BAJATHUR
G.L.P SCHOOL
16 23743 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR AMAI
17 23749 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, MITHADKA
GUPS,
18 23752 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR BETTAMPADY
19 23764 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GLPS, IDYADKA
GUPS,
20 23765 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GOLITHATTU
21 23779 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, MURA
22 23791 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GLPS, HOSTHOTA
23 23795 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GMUPS, KEYYURU
24 23796 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, THEGGU
25 23798 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GLPS, ETTIYADKA
GUPS,
26 23807 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR ONTHRADKA
27 23822 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, KONAJE
28 23833 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GLPS, VALYA
29 23837 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GMUPS, KAVU
GUPS,
30 23840 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR MADANNURU
GUPS,
31 23849 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR ALANTHADKA
32 23863 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR GUPS, PADNUR
GLPS,
33 23870 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR CHENNAVARA
GUPS,
34 23877 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR KUMARAMANGALA
GUPS,
35 23910 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR KUTTINOPINADKA
GLPS, SANJAYA
36 23925 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292404 PUTTUR NAGAR
37 23934 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GLPS, NIDUBE
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
96

38 23935 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA
GUPS,
DEVARAKANA
GUPS,
39 23949 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA KANTHAMANGALA
GMUPS,
40 23967 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA ARANTHODU
41 23968 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GLPS, BILIYAR
GUPS,
42 23983 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA DEVACHALLA
43 23989 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GLPS, SEVAJE
44 23999 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GUPS, VALALAMBE
45 24015 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GUPS, KENYA
46 24019 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GLPS, MOOVAPPE
GUPS,
47 24025 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA BANGLEGUDDE
GUPS, MITHADKA
48 24043 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA MARKANJA
49 24058 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GUPS, PERUVAJE
50 24059 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA GLPS, GOONADKA
GLPS,
51 24071 2924 DAKSHINA KANNADA 292405 SULLIA KODIYALABAILU
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
97

SSA Monitoring of Udupi District of
Karnataka: A Report
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Prepared by
Dr. M.D.Usha Devi
ISEC, Bangalore
Submitted to
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Government of India
2009
Preface
The present monitoring report relating to Udupi District of Karnataka is an
outcome of the task assigned by the Ministry of Human Resource Development,
Government of India, and the task accomplished by the Institute for Social and
98

Economic Change, (ISEC) Bangalore for monitoring progress and implementation
of SSA activities in Karnataka.
The task required visiting two blocks in the district as sample blocks
covering 33 schools, four BRCs and five CRCs along with capturing activities
under Out of School Strategies and civil works. The monitoring task has been
accomplished satisfactorily with the cooperation extended by the State Project
Office, the District Project Office and the sub-district office functionaries and the
project team members. In particular, Sri. N. Shivaprakash, Dy.PC of Udupi district
and his SSA team who extended excellent support in the field at various stages of
this work deserve special word of appreciation and thanks from us. The
coordinator is indeed thankful to the MHRD for having given this wonderful
opportunity to visit different districts, understand the implementation of SSA
across the blocks in the district and to prepare reports based on the analysis of
the field data captured. Our thanks are also due to the State Project Director,
Director (SSA Programmes), programme officers from the state project office,
SSA Mission, GoK and all those who have provided excellent cooperation in this
endeavour.
The coordinator is also thankful to the Director, ISEC for extending full
support to carryout the SSA monitoring task. The entire project team deserves
the appreciation for the professional support rendered at various stages in this
huge monitoring task.
The final report is prepared keeping in view the terms of reference given
by the MHRD. It is hoped that the readers of this report would get a picture of
how Udupi district is performing in implementing SSA programme.
Project Team
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
99
M. D. Usha Devi
Coordinator,
MHRD/GoI SSA
Monitoring
Karnataka
Position in the Project
1 Dr. M.D.Usha Devi Coordinator & MHRD Team Lead
Member, Udupi District
2 Mr. Datta Saraf
Desk Officer, Udupi District

3 Sri. P. Mahadeviah
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
100
Field Officer, Udupi District
4 Sri. Gurudas Field Investigator, Baiandoor Block
5 Sri. Krishna Field Investigator, Udupi Block

Preface
Project Team
Content page
Chapter 2: Methodology Used:
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Contents
Chapter 1: District Profile and Historical Background
2.1 Sampling Design
2.2 Tools for Data Collection
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Chapter 3: Review of AWP&B and Analysis of Field Data
101

DISTRICT PROFILE
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 1
Udupi is a newly bifurcated district from DAKSHINA KANNADA. Which come into
existence on 01-07-1998. It is located in the South Western part of Karnataka
having Dakshina Kannada in the South, Uttara Kannada in the North, Shimoga
and Chikamagalur in the East and Arabian Sea in the West as its borders. The
district has a coastal belt of about 110 K.M. N.H. 17 passes through the coastal
line, which connects the state with Kerala and Maharastra.
Udupi is well known in India for its famous Sri Krishna temple. It is also
known for hotel business, education, banking, communication, transport, etc.
Udupi City :
Udupi City, the district center is famous for lord Sri Krishna Temple and Ashta
Mathas. It is also a commercial and educational center. Malpe is the biggest
fishing labour of Karnataka and one of the important business centres which is
about 6 kms from Udupi city.
Manipal :
Manipal is well known for its educational institutions and medical facilities.
Kasturba Hospital and Medical college attracts hundreds of students from abroad.
Manipal University of Manipal is having a number of educational institutions.
Kollur :
Kollur is famous for Sri Mookambika Temple, which is a holy place for Hindus. It
was established by Sri Shankaracharya, the Adwaitha philosopher. Now it attracts
thousands of pilgrims from allover the country.
Karkala :
A Taluk Centre and it is famous for Gomateshwara statue. Nitte is one of the
important education centres of the district which is very nearer to Karkala.
Maravanthe, Kaup, St. Mary's Island, Malpe Vadabandeshwara, Attur Church,
Barkur are the important places of tourism.
102

Climate and Occupation:
There is a heavy rainfall during monsoon i.e., between June and September. The
district receives an average rainfall of about 4000mm. Perspiration is a common
phenomenon during summer because of high humidity. Winter is not too cold
here. The Agriculture is one of the important occupations of the people. Paddy,
Sugarcane, Coconut, Areca nut are the some important crops. Fishing is another
important occupation of the people. The people of Udupi are also known for their
banking and hotel business. Sugar Factory, Tiles and Bricks factories, Cashew nut
factories are the small industries.
Some great persons of the District:
Madhwacharya, a great Dwaitha Philosopher was born in this district, who
established Asta Mathas of Udupi. In the field of literature Udupi gets top
position. Dr. Kota Shivarama Karanth and Dr. U.R. Ananthamurthy are the two
famous Jnanapeeth Awardees. Gopalakrishna Adiga, is a great poet of the
district.
Prof. U.R. Rao one of the greatest scientists of the country belongs to this district.
Ex. LokSabha Speaker Justice K.S. Hegde, Ex. Minister of Central Cabinet T.A. Pai
are the great political leaders of our district. In the film industries Shyam
Benegal, B.V. Karanth are the names of this district. Prakash Padukone, a
famous Badminton player belongs to this district.
Yakshagana is one of the folk arts of the district attracts thousands of people.
Yakshagana melas (Troups) travel in various foreign countries and is praised by
them.
Kannada, Tulu, Konkani are the languages of the district. Billavas, Mogaveeras,
Bunts, Brahmins are the prominent communities. Christians and Muslims are also
in significant number. There are backward communities like Koragas, Kudubis,
Schedule caste and Schedule tribes etc. The people of Udupi are forward in
literacy, and they are peace loving and hard workers.
In Udupi district public awareness about the importance of education leads to a
high literacy rate, voluntary enrollment and also retention. There is a lot of
encouragement for education by the community leaders, voluntary organizations,
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
103

Taluk
NGO’s, Sri Krishna Math, Sri Kshetra Dharmastala, Sri Kshetra Kollur and many
individual personalities.
Table 1.10 Details of Villages, Hoblies ,Village Panchayaths and
Municipalities:
No of
Village
s
No of
Hobalies
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
No of
Village
Panchayat
s
104
No of
Municipalities
No of
ward
s
No of
Habitatio
ns
No of
M.L.A.
Seats
Kundapura
Udupi
99
106
3
4
56
61
1
2
9
47
768
818
2
3
1
Karkala 50 2 29 1 6 777 1 -
Total 255 9 146 4 62 2363 6 1
Area
Source: Statistical Department
The above table shows that there are 255 villages, 146 village panchayaths, 9 hobalis,
2 municipalities, 1 town panchayath and 1 city municipalities in the district.
DISTRICT DEMOGRAPHY:
Density of
Population
Table 1.11 The Taluk wise area and Density of the District is as
below:
Kundapura Udupi Karkala Total
1559.72 sq.
K.M.
929.24 sq.
kms
1072.37 sq. kms
242 570 192 287
3880.00 sq.
kms
Udupi district has only three taluks viz,- Kundapura, Udupi and Karkala and total area
of the district is 3575 sq. kms. The density of population is high in coastal area. The
district has some forest areas, hilly and western ghat areas in the eastern part of
Karkala and Kundapura taluks. The district has a long coastal belt in the western part
i.e. of about 120 Kms of length. So fishing is the main occupation of the people of the
coastal area. In the eastern part of the district, agriculture is the main occupation.
Sugar factory, tile factories, cashew factories are some of the small industries.
Table 1.12 Taluk wise Population as per 2001 Census:
Taluk Male Female Total
No
of
M.P.
Seat
s

Kundapura 174463 202909 377372
Udupi 250345 277206 527551
Karkala 96733 107838 204571
Total 521541 587953 1109494
Source: 2001 Census
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
POPULATION COMPARISON 1991-2001
0
486409
521541
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
551690
587953
105
1038099
Male Female Total
1109494
1991
2001
Though Udupi taluk is the smallest, it is densely populated because of urban area
and coastal area. In Kundapur and Karkala, because of hilly and forest areas in
the eastern part the density of population is less. When we study the decadal
population growth of the district between 1991 and 2001, it shows that there is a
slow growth of population compared to other districts of the state.
The sex ratio is 1,130 females per 1000 males as per 2001 census. As per
1991 census, the population of Udupi district was 10,38,099. 71395 population
increased in 10 years. The annual population growth rate is 0.68%. The
population growth rate of the state is 2.19%. Udupi district stands first in the
state with least population growth rate.
Table 1.13 Comparison of District Population with the Population of State and
Country:
Taluk
2001
Male Female Total
1991
Male Female Total
Udupi (in Lakh) 5.21 5.87 11.09 4.86 5.54 10.37
Karnataka (in
Lakh)
268.99 259.52 528.51 229 220.70 449.70
India (in Lakh) 5312.77 4957.38 10270.15 4375.98 4063.33 8439.31
Source: 2001 Census and 1991 Census

Literacy Profile:
Taluk
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table 1.14 Taluk wise Literacy Rate of the District- 1991
Census
Literates Literacy Rate
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Kundapura 106506 91124 197630 79.06% 56.83% 66.98%
Udupi 176619 166755 343374 86.06% 72.06% 78.80%
Karkala 62410 62481 124891 83.44% 70.24% 76.29%
Total 345535 320360 665895 83.58% 66.64% 74.47%
Source: 2001 Census
Table 1.15 Taluk wise Literacy Rate of the District- 2001
Census
Taluk Literates Literacy Rate
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Kundapura 129943 124017 254960 84.50% 68.20% 75.70%
Udupi 198869 195898 394767 91.20% 79.80% 85.10%
Karkala 74613 74965 149578 87.10% 76.20% 81.30%
Total 403425 395880 799305 88.20% 75.20% 81.27%
100.00%
80.00%
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
83.58%
88.20%
Source: 2001 Census
LITERACY RATE COMPARISON-1991-2001
66.64%
75.20%
106
74.47%
81.27%
Male Female Total
1991
2001
Taluk wise literacy rate of 1991 and 2001 shows the increase of literacy in each
taluk and in both genders. In Kundapur literacy rate increased from 66.98% to
75.70%, In Udupi from 78.87% to 85.10%. and in Karkala from 76.29% to
81.30%. Total increase of literacy rate in the district is from 74.47% to 81.20%.
The school facilities available in the district and awareness among the public

about the importance of education are the main causes for high literacy rate. Still
there is a significant difference of 12% in literacy rate between male and female
population. So it is the responsibility of the community to take care of the girl
education.
As per Census report 2001 it is noticed that following villages have more than
15% SC population
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
SC Population in a village
Block Village name ST %
Brahmavara KELARKALABETTU 15.72
Byndoor HALLIHOLE 15.00
Karkala PADUKUDOOR 18.26
Karkala RENJALA 16.93
Karkala MUDAR 16.13
Karkala KADTHALA 15.83
Kundapura HESKATHOOR 17.42
Kundapura KALAVARA 17.23
Kundapura HALNAD 16.19
Kundapura KEDOOR 15.58
Udupi AMBALPADY 18.45
And it is noticed that following villages have more than 15% ST population
ST Population in a village
Block Village name
ST %
Brahmavara HERADI 32.20
Brahmavara HOSOOR 25.57
Brahmavara HALUVALLI 24.09
Brahmavara CHERKADY 21.58
Brahmavara KUKKEHALLI 16.81
Brahmavara AROOR 15.86
Brahmavara 38 KALTHUR 15.73
Brahmavara BELLAMPALLI 15.07
Byndoor YELJITH 24.87
Byndoor KOLLUR 21.20
Byndoor JADKAL 21.05
Byndoor EDMOGE 18.33
Byndoor KAMALASHILE 17.74
Karkala KABBINALE 22.28
Kundapura AMASEBAILU 24.30
Kundapura KULANJE 21.42
Udupi ARTHRADI 15.88
107

Out of these 17 villages in Yeljith, Kollur, Jadkal, Edmoge, Kamalashile, Kabbinale
and Arthradi the identified STs belong to the minor tribe, i.e., Koragas,
Malekudiyas and Hasalas. Amasebailu is a Naxal probe area. Therefore a special
focus has been given in these areas.
Educational Profile
Udupi is one of the educationally forward districts in the state. From
Anganawadies to universities and from basic education to highly professional
educational institutions are functioning in the district. These institutions made the
district stand first in the academic field. A brief educational profile is given below.
Name of the blocks
Educational institutions
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table 1..16
Kundapura Byndoor Brahmavara Udupi Karkala Total
Primary school (govt) 62 94 38 14 66 274
Higher Primary school
(govt)
70 91 59 46 84 350
Primary school (aided) 2 1 7 6 3 19
Higher primary school
(aided)
22 11 70 67 40 210
Higher school 35 26 46 59 35 201
P.U colleges 15 8 11 19 9 62
T.TI 2 1 1 2 2 8
B.ED colleges 0 0 0 1 0 1
Polytechnic college 0 0 1 3 0 4
Medical college 0 0 1 0 0 1
Engineering college 1 0 1 0 1 3
First grade college 4 1 6 7 4 22
Total 213 233 241 224 244 1155
Source:DDPI office& DEO
ACESSS:
Block
Total No. of
habitations
Table 1.17Primary Access Ratio by Habitation
No. of habitations
which have primary
schools within 1
K.M.
108
Ratio
No. of habitations
which have U.P.S.
within 3 K.M.
Ratio
Kundapur 376 370 98.40 369 98.13
Byndoor 392 390 99.49 356 90.81
Brahmavara 406 389 95.81 389 95.81
Udupi 412 412 100.00 411 99.75
Karkala 777 774 99.61 774 99.61
Total 2363 2335 98.81 2299 97.27
Source : 2006 children census

The above table reveals the ratio of total habitations and number of habitations
that have primary schools within 1 km and number of habitations that have upper
primary schools within 3 km. Udupi block has achieved 100% of primary access
ratio. Byndoor and Karkala have achieved in 99.49% and 99.61% respectively
and Brahamavara block has to achieve 4.19% to reach the 100% access ratio.
Because of scattered habitations and some habitations are existing on the
foothills of Western Ghat where opening of upper primary schools are not feasible
as per present norms of SSA yet to reach the school accession . To achieve this
goal in AWP&B-2007-08, 12 months Bridge course , 4 Months Seasonal Bridge
Cource and Tent schools are proposed to provide the education in such
habitations. Both physical and financial facilities will be provided to those centers
and a better primary access ratio will be maintained.
School Access Ratio by Child Population
Block
Total child
population of
all habitation
6-10 11-14
Table 1.18
6-10 child
population having
Primary school
within 1 K.M.
Access
Ratio
%
11-14 children
population
having U.P.S.
within 3 K.M.
Access
Ratio %
Kundapur 14307 9159 13270 100 9088 100
Byndoor 16543 11490 15838 100 11106 100
Brahmavara 18754 11974 17523 100 12155 100
Udupi 18194 11333 16903 100 11597 100
Karkala 16119 10202 14774 100 10227 100
Total 83917 54158 78308 100 54173 100
Source: 2006 children census
This access ratio is prepared for the habitations more than 100 for primary school
and 200 for Upper Primary School. But lot many number of habitations which
have populations less than 60 are having no access with in the prescribed
distance. Udupi district has five Educational Blocks. Viz., Kundapura, Byndoor,
Brahmavara ,Udupi, and Karkala. At the block level there is a Block Education
Officer (BEO) who looks after the educational administration.
Table 1.19 showing Blockwise access to schools in the District as on 30-
09-2006
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
109

Sl.
No Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
LPS UPS ECCE
Govt
Social
Welfare
Local body
Aided
Unadided
Others
110
Total
Govt
Social
Welfare
1 Kundapura 60 2 - 2 8 0 70 69 1 - 22 12 0 104 0 11 222
2 Byndoor 92 1 - 1 6 1 101 90 0 - 11 9 1 111 0 10 144
3 Brahmavara 38 0 - 7 7 0 52 58 1 - 70 13 0 142 0 18 255
4 Udupi 14 0 - 6 4 0 26 45 1 - 67 21 0 135 0 31 252
5 Karkala 65 1 - 3 11 0 80 83 0 - 40 9 1 132 0 10 214
Total 269 4 - 19 37 1 329 345 3 - 210 64 2 624 0 80 1087
Source:DDPI office& DEO
The above table reveals the total number of school functioning in the district
Kundapura ,Byndoor and Karkala blocks have more number of Govt schools
whereas Udupi and Brahamvara blocks have more aided and unaided schools
.Govt schools are more in rural areas than in urban areas . There is 614 Govt
schools and 5 schools belongs to social welfare , 5 other schools like Ashrama. So
in totally there is 624 schools will come under Govt schools .There is no single
teacher school in district
210
UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS
64
19
345
LOWER PRIMARY SCHOOLS
37
269
GOVT
AIDED
UNAIDED
GOVT
AIDED
UNAIDED
Local body
Aided
Unadided
Others
Govt. HPS - 51.6 %
Aided HPS - 34.13%
Un Aided HPS - 9.45%
Govt. LPS - 82.0%
Aided LPS - 10.97%
Un Aided LPS - 5.63%
Total
Aid
Unaid
AWCs

Sl. No.
Blockwise details of school teachers:
Block
Sanctioned posts
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table 1.20 Blockwise details of school teachers
Teachers in position
Male
Female
Total
% of female
Teachers
111
Vacant posts
Private Aided
school Teachers
Male
Female
Total
% of female
Teachers
Private Unaided
school Teachers
Male
Female
Total
% of female
Teachers
1 Kundapura 656 256 506 762 66.4 154 83 68 151 45.03 22 110 132 83.33
2 Byndoor 906 197 371 568 65.3 88 45 21 66 31.82 23 41 64 64.06
3 Brahmavara 505 254 297 471 63.9 34 245 170 415 40.96 32 181 213 84.98
4 Udupi 341 131 192 323 59.4 18 141 232 373 62.20 32 228 260 87.69
5 Karkala 646 205 346 546 63.3 100 103 100 203 49.26 32 94 126 74.60
Total 3054 1043 1617 2660 60.7 394 617 591 1208 48.92 795 654 795 82.26
Source:DDPI office& DEO
The above table reveals the teachers position in Govt., Aided and Unaided schools
of the district. 60.7% teachers are female. The posts for SC and ST categories
remains as backlog because of insufficient number of candidates as SC/ST
population in this district is comparatively low. Process of redeployment of excess
teachers is under process. 107 teachers are newly recruited.Out of 394 vacant
post 137 post were shifted to the other district and 150 posts are vacant . There
is no single teacher school in this district.
Block
No of
Sanctioned
Posts
Table 1.21 Pupil-Teacher Ratio:-
No of
Enrolled
pupils in
class
1-7 (Govt.
Schools)
Kundapura 656 14796
Byndoor 906 20448
Brahmavara 505 11267
Udupi 341 7551
Karkala 646 14764
Total 3054 68826
Working
Teachers
568 26:1
762 27:1
471 24:1
323 23:1
546 27:1
2660 26:1
P.T.R
(working)
P.T.R
(sanctioned)
23:1
23:1
22:1
22:1
23:1
23:1

The above table shows the blockwise picture of pupil teacher ratio. When we
consider sanctioned posts the P.T.R. is 23:1. If we consider teachers in position
for P.T.R., the P.T.R. is 26:1. So, there is no demand for teachers’ recruitment in
this district.
The pupil teacher ratio seems to be quite low. The two main reasons for
these abnormal projections are mentioned below. The first and foremost reason is
the success in achieving small family norms. The annual birth rate is just 6.9
which is almost 1 /3 of that of the state which is 17.86 and of the country is 17.84.
The second reason is scattered population. We do not find habitations having
large populations. 50% of the habitations are with population less than 200.
Therefore enrolment in the schools is naturally low. There are 224 primary
schools having enrolment less than 60 and 122 UPS with enrolment less than
140. But it is mandatory to maintain 2 teachers in all primary schools and one
teacher per class in UPS. So the PTR is naturally low.
Teacher Classroom Ratio:
There are 2449 class rooms in the district .Out of which 508 rooms are major
repairable rooms .Constructions of this buildings are made out of mud.Hence all
the major repairable classrooms are to be displanted .Therefore these major
repairable class rooms are considered as building less .And during the year
2007-08 budget provision is made for construction of 508 class rooms in places
which have to be displanted.
In addition to this most of the HPS do not have separate HM’s rooms . Since
there are number of programs like Akshara Dasoha ,Radio Program ,Edusat
Program are running the schools all together .That means class programs are
running in one class room in very congestive.Hence a separate room to H.M is
needed for the HM. So 130 HM’s rooms are proposed during the year 2007-08.
BLOCKS SANCTIONED
Table 1.22
NO.CLASS ROOM TEACHER CLASSROOM
POST
RATIO
Kundapura 656 467 1:0.71
Byndoor 906 686 1:0.75
Brahmavara 505 409 1:0.80
Udupi 341 330 1:0.99
Karkala 646 557 1:0.86
Total 3054 2449 1:0.82
Drinking water and toilet facilities:
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
112

Drinking water and toilets are of top priority. It is our duty to ensure pure and
safe drinking water to all the children as well as toilets. Toilet and water facilities
are provided in various other schemes like ARWSP, NGY, Swatchchgrama Jala
Nirmala Yojana Total sanitation compaign and Swarnajala. We are confident we
have provided toilet and drinking water facilities to all the schools both for boys
and girls separately.
Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
LPS
Table 1.23
UPS
Having
No. of
drinking
Schools
water
%
No. of
Schools
113
Having
drinking
water
Kundapura 132 116 87.88 71 66 92.96
Byndoor 185 133 71.89 89 74 83.15
Udupi North 97 87 89.69 59 58 98.31
Udupi South 60 57 95.00 46 44 95.65
Karkala 150 139 92.67 83 80 96.39
Total 624 532 85.26 353 322 92.53
Source: EMIS as on 30-09-2006 and DPO
Block
Table1.24 showing availability of common toilet facilities:
LPS UPS
No. of
Schools
Having
Toilet
%
No. of
Schools
Having
Toilet
Kundapura 132 106 80.30 71 61 85.92
Byndoor 185 150 81.08 89 73 82.02
Udupi North 97 81 83.51 59 50 84.75
Udupi South 60 51 85.00 46 40 86.96
Karkala 150 121 80.67 83 69 83.13
Total 624 509 81.57 348 293 84.20
Source: EMIS 2005-06 and DPO
Block
Table1.25 showing availability of girls toilet facilities:
LPS UPS
No. of
Schools
Having
Toilet
%
No. of
Schools
Having
Toilet
%
Kundapura 132 100 75.76 71 59 83.10
Byndoor 185 99 53.51 89 67 75.28
Udupi North 97 78 80.41 59 53 89.83
Udupi South 60 53 88.33 46 45 97.83
%
%

Electricity:
Karkala 150 111 74.00 83 67 80.72
Total 624 441 70.67 348 291 83.62
Source: EMIS as on 30-09-2006 and DPO
Electricity is a must in school as more emphasis is given to educational
technology. To watch Keli Kali and Edusat programmes electricity is a primary
necessity. So this year it is being planned to provide electricity to 147 schools.
Block
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table1.25 showing Schools having Electricity
LPS UPS
No. of
Schools
Having
Electricity %
114
No. of
Schools
Having
Electricity %
Kundapura 132 109 82.58 71 70 98.59
Byndoor 185 132 71.35 89 84 94.38
Udupi North 97 87 89.69 59 59 100.00
Udupi South 60 56 93.33 46 44 95.65
Karkala 150 134 89.33 83 82 98.80
Total 624 518 83.01 348 339 97.41
Source: EMIS as on 30-09-2006 and DPO
Block
Table1.27 showing Schools not having Electricity
LPS UPS
No. of
Schools
Not
Having %
Electricity
No. of
Schools
Not
Having %
Electricity
Kundapura 132 23 17.42 71 1 1.41
Byndoor 185 53 28.65 89 5 5.62
Udupi North 97 10 10.31 59 0 0.00
Udupi South 60 4 6.67 46 2 4.35
Karkala 150 16 10.67 83 1 1.20
Total 624 106 16.99 348 9 2.59
Compound Wall facilities:
Source: EMIS as on 30-09-2006 and DPO
Compound Walls arealso necessary to save the public property and protect the
children from accidents in road margins. It is advised in schools, which lie in the

forest areas or located in the cities. Hence this year 100mtrs per school
compound wall construction provision has been proposed.
LPS
Table 1.28 showing schools having compound wall
UPS
Block
No. of
Schools
Having
Compound %
No. of
Schools
Having
Compound %
Kundapura 132 22 16.67 71 17 23.94
Byndoor 185 12 6.49 89 9 10.11
Udupi North 97 16 16.49 59 13 22.03
Udupi South 60 12 20.00 46 11 23.91
Karkala 150 21 14.00 83 15 18.07
Total 624 83 13.30 348 65 18.68
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table1.29 showing schools not having compound wall
LPS UPS
Block
No. of
Schools
Having
Compound %
No. of
Schools
Having
Compound %
Kundapura 132 110 83.33 71 54 76.06
Byndoor 185 173 93.51 89 80 89.89
Udupi North 97 81 83.51 59 46 77.97
Udupi South 60 48 80.00 46 35 76.09
Karkala 150 129 86.00 83 68 81.93
Total 624 541 86.70 348 283 81.32
Table 1.30 - I to V
Sl.No Block
1 Kundapur
2 Byndoor
Gross Enrolment Ratio (G.E.R.) :-
Child Population 6-
10 as on Feb 2006
115
I-V (30-9-2006)
Enrollment GER
Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot
All 7322 6985 14307 7697 7354 15051 105.1 105.2 105.2
SC 561 519 1080 560 537 1097 99.8 103.4 101.5
ST 314 313 627 347 318 665 110.5 101.5 106.0
All 8516 8027 16543 8588 8135 16723 100.8 101.3 101.0
SC 500 510 1040 523 514 1034 104.6 100.7 100.00
ST 578 504 1082 585 520 1105 101.2 103.1 102.12
All 9559 9195 18754 9718 9190 18908 101.1 100.0 100.82
SC 699 802 1501 790 898 1688 113.0 111.9 112.45
3 Udupi North ST 677 663 1340 678 671 1348 100.1 101.2 100.59
All 9216 8978 18194 9304 9255 18856 100.9 103.0 103.63
SC 628 623 1251 726 711 1437 115.6 114.1 114.86
4 Udupi South ST 399 423 817 409 453 902 102.5 107.0 110.40
All 8257 7862 16119 8667 8223 16890 104.9 104.5 104.78
SC 912 872 1784 1089 994 2083 119.4 113.9 116.76
5 Karkala ST 677 608 1285 689 669 1358 101.7 110.0 105.68

Total
Table 1.31 - I to VIII
Sl.
No Block
1 Kundapur
2 Byndoor
3
4
Udupi
North
Udupi
South
5 Karkala
Total
Table 1.32 - VI to VIII
Sl.
No Block
1 Kundapur
2 Byndoor
3 Udupi North
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
All 42870 41047 83917 43974 42157 86428 102.5 102.7 102.9
SC 3300 3313 6613 3688 3654 7339 111.7 110.2 110.9
ST 3245 2511 5151 2708 2631 5378 119.8 107.8 104.4
Source: Children Census 2006 and E.M.I.S. 2006
Child Population
6-13as on Feb 2006
I-VIII (30-9-2006)
Enrollment GER
Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot
All 11814 11552 23366 12519 11972 24491 105.96 103.63 104.8
SC 892 854 1746 951 875 1826 106.61 102.45 104.58
ST 526 483 1009 596 496 1092 113.30 102.69 108.22
All 14476 13557 28033 14733 14349 29082 101.77 105.84 103.74
SC 818 808 1626 865 861 1726 105.74 106.55 106.15
ST 885 855 1729 892 856 1748 100.79 100.11 101.09
All 15632 15096 30728 15886 15185 31071 101.62 100.58 101.11
SC 1147 1226 2373 1259 1294 2553 109.7 105.5 107.58
ST 1106 1092 2198 1142 1139 2281 103.2 104.3 103.77
All 15015 14509 29524 15386 15060 30446 102.4 103.7 103.12
SC 970 1015 1985 984 1020 2004 101.1 100.4 100.95
ST 661 675 1336 684 681 1365 103.4 100.8 102.17
All 13771 13053 26824 13888 13774 27664 100.8 105.5 103.13
SC 1537 1417 2954 1573 1424 2997 102.3 100.4 101.45
ST 1102 1028 2130 1108 1050 2158 100.5 102.1 101.31
All 70708 67767 138475 64250 61120 125392 110.0 105.4 110.4
SC 5364 5320 10684 5108 4868 11106 105.0 109.2 103.9
ST 4287 4122 8409 4361 4222 8644 101.2 102.4 102.3
Source: Children Census 2006and E.M.I.S. 2006
Child Population
11-13as on Feb VI-VIII (30-9-
2006
2006) Enrollment GER
Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot Boys Girls Tot
All 4592 4567 9159 5645 5251 10896 122.9 114.9 118.9
SC 333 335 668 393 341 734 118.0 101.7 104.1
ST 212 170 382 220 178 398 103.7 104.7 104.1
All 5960 5530 11490 6314 5681 11995 105.9 102.7 104.3
SC 318 311 629 319 312 629 100.3 100.3 100
ST 307 340 647 350 374 724 114.0 110.0 111.9
All 6073 5901 11974 7157 6400 13557 117.8 108.4 113.2
SC 448 424 872 500 450 950 111.6 106.1 108.9
ST 429 429 858 430 430 860 100.2 100.2 100.2
4 Udupi South All 5802 5531 11333 6601 6023 12624 113.7 113.4 111.3
116

5 Karkala
Total
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
SC 342 392 734 428 415 843 125.1 105.5 114.8
ST 262 252 514 285 273 558 108.7 108.3 108.5
All 5514 4688 10202 6290 5535 11825 114.0 118.0 115.9
SC 625 545 1170 710 551 1261 108.3 101.1 107.7
ST 425 420 845 440 423 863 103.5 100.7 102.1
All 27941 26217 54158 32007 28890 60897 114.5 110.1 112.4
SC 2066 2007 4073 2261 2022 4283 109.4 100.7 105.1
ST 1635 1611 3246 1624 1528 3152 100.6 102.9 102.9
Source: Children Census 2006 and E.M.I.S. 2006
The above tables show block wise, gender wise and social groupwise gross
enrollment ratio in class 1 to 5, 6-8 and 1-8. In all cases enrollment is higher
than the school age population in all blocks. This is because of voluntary
admission in the age group of 5 to 6 and overage students in higher classes. The
overall G.E.R. in class 1 to 5 is 102.9, 6 to 8 is 110.4 and in 1 to 8 is 112.4.
Table1.33 Net Enrolment Ratio (N.E.R):
NET ENROLMENT RATIO (CLASS 1 to 5)
Block
Enrolment 1-5
(age group 6-10)
117
School Age Population
(6-10)
Net Enrolment
Ratio(NER) (%)
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Kundapura 7697 7354 15051 7619 7288 14307 98.9 99.1 99.0
Byndoor 8588 8135 16723 8516 8027 16543 99.1 98.6 98.8
Udupi north 9718 9190 18908 9559 9195 18754 98.3 99.9 99.1
Udupi south 9216 8978 18194 9304 9255 18856 99.0 97.0 98.0
Karkala 8667 8223 16890 8657 8162 16119 99.8 99.2 99.5
Total 43884 41880 85766 42870 41047 83917 99.02 98.76 98.88
Source: Children Census 2006 and E.M.I.S. 2006
Table1.34
NET ENROLMENT RATIO (CLASS1 to 8)
Block
Enrolment 1-8 (age
group 6-13)
School Age Population
(6-13)
Net Enrolment Ratio(NER)
(%)
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Kundapura 12519 12772 24491 12814 12552 23366 97.6 98.2 97.9
Byndoor 14733 14349 29082 14476 13557 28033 98.2 94.4 96.3
Udupi north 15886 15185 31071 15632 15096 30728 98.4 99.4 98.9
Udupi south 15386 15060 30446 15015 14509 29524 97.5 96.3 96.9
Karkala 13888 13774 27664 13771 13653 26824 99.1 99.1 96.9
Total 64250 61120 125392 70708 67767 138475 98.16 97.48 97.79
Source: Children Census 2006 and E.M.I.S. 2006
Table1.35

NET ENROLMENT RATIO (CLASS 6 to 8)
Block
Enrolment 6-8
(age group 11-13)
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
School Age Population
(11-13)
118
Net Enrolment Ratio(NER)
(%)
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Kundapura 5645 5251 10896 4592 4567 9159 98.0 98.8 98.4
Byndoor 6314 5681 11995 5960 5530 11490 95.0 97.3 96.15
Udupi north 7157 6400 13557 6073 5901 11974 94.8 92.2 94.0
Udupi south 6601 6023 12624 5802 5531 11333 97.8 92.0 94.9
Karkala 6290 5535 11825 5514 4688 10202 97.6 99.6 98.6
Total 32007 28890 60897 27941 26217 54158 96.64 95.9 96.4
Source : Children Census 2006 and E.M.I.S. 2006
The above three tables show blockwise and genderwise net enrolment ratio in
class 1 to 5, 6 to 8 and 1 to 8. In all cases the school age population is higher
than the actual enrolment of that age group in all blocks. The overall N.E.R. in
class 1 to 5 is 98.88, 6 to 8 is 97.79 and in 1 to 8 is 96.4. The N.E.R. of all blocks
is almost similar. In this district N.E.R. is high due to public awareness about the
importance of education.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT:
Baseline assessment:
Baseline assessment was made in the district in order to assess the present
status of education. This work was done by the faculties of College of Teachers
Education, Mangalore under the direction of DSERT. Fifty primary schools of the
district were selected through random selection.
Examination was conducted to the students of first, third and sixth standard.
School schedule, teacher schedule and student schedule of class 3 rd were
prepared by the selected field workers. The complete process has been
computerized and the further process is under progress at DSERT. The result of
the baseline assessment reveals the present educational standard of class 1 st 3 rd
and 6 th . It indicates the improvements to be taken. The classwise and
subjectwise results of the district are given in the following tables.
Primary Education Development Indicator:

For every 10,000 population of the age group 6 to 13, 972 teachers are
in position in the district. The teacher pupil ratio is 1:23 for working and 1:26 for
sanctioned posts.
Appointments in Project Institutions:
Teachers :
23 new primary schools have been opened during the project period from 2001-
2005 and 8 EGS have been converted into new primary schools in the year 2006
.So 32 new primary school have provided with school building and 62 new
teachers are recruited . These teachers salary is being paid by the SSA.
CRC :
There are 42 Cluster Resource Centres in the district. 42 Cluster Resource
Persons are working. All the CRPs who have completed 3 years of service at CRCs
will be replaced by the newly selected CRPs.In udupi block due to non availability
of prescribed qualified teachers all 7 crc posts are filled on deputation .Dyring the
year 2007-08 eductional blosks such as Byndoor and Bramhavara have been
provided 14 CRC foe each block.So with this totally 70 CRCare working in the
district.
BRC :
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table1.36
Block working
2007-08
Provision
Kundapura 7 -
Byndoor 7 14
Brahmavara 7 14
Udupi 7 -
Karkala 14 -
Total 42 28
There are 3 Block Resource Centres and 15 BRPs and 3 BRCCs are in the district
out of which two BRCC’s posts are vacant(udupi & karkalla). For time being the
senior BRP is incharge of the concerned block.All the BRPs who have completed 3
years of service at BRCs will be replaced by the newly selected BRPs.It is planned
to provide two more BRC s for the educational blocks.
Vacancy Position
Taluk Highschool Highschool Total
119

(Arts) (Science)
Kundapura - - -
Udupi - 1 1
Karkala 1 1 2
Total 1 2 3
Out of school children:
Children census held in Feb 2006 it revealed that there are 505 children are out
of school. Out of these 44 are physically challenged and they cannot attened to
school of their own and remaining 461 children.Out of 461 children 274 children
are brought in to the mainstream through various programs like special
enrollment drive. And out of 187 children 103 children by mistake double
entered. In that 83 children 63 children are migrated to their own district. So only
21 children are still remaining as out of school.
The real problem arises from immigration of laborers from North-East Karnataka
districts. They come for begging during Ganesha festivals and Mahanavarathri
and will remain in this district for about 4 months. Some of them come in search
of employment during the month of November and go back during March and
April. These children have to be brought to the educational arena through tent
schools, EGS or some other means. In our out of school strategy all efforts are
being made to school these children. So it looks very abnormal to provide funds
under out of school strategies where there are a little number of out of school
children.
Number of Schools with Pupil teacher ratio :
In general pupil teacher ratio is very low in our district. But the distribution of
teachers is not even in all schools. There are schools having PTR more than 40.
This is mainly because of the reason that large number of LPS have less than40
strength and HPS with less than 80 strength. Therefore we cannot rule out the
need of the additional teachers by just looking into the PTR of the district.
Block
40 >50 >60 >80
Kundapura' 128 4
Byndoor 172 5 1 7
Brahmavara 91 2 4
Udupi 58 2
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Pupil teacher ratio
120
Teacher
less

Karkala 133 3 3 10
Total 583 14 4 23
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
121

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
CHAPTER 2: Methodology
In this chapter, the methodology employed by the monitoring team for
data collection from the field has been described under three sections namely
sampling design, tools for data collection and strategies for field data collection.
The same is given in the foregoing sections.
2.1 Sampling Design: As per the requirement of the TOR of the MHRD (GOI)
a 5% sample of schools has to be covered for field data capturing in each district
so as to represent both formal and alternative and innovative types. In order to
do this, the monitoring team has employed a multi-stage, representative and
systematic random sampling design based on the criteria of number, distribution
of blocks and category of schools.
In the first stage, 5% sample of schools was worked out for each district
from out of the total number of government formal primary schools (both
Lower Primary Schools and Higher Primary Schools) in the district. This gave the
total number of schools that need to be covered for field visits.
In the second stage, the blocks were selected from the district based on
their geographical location in the district. In every district the sample size for
blocks has been restricted so as to cover a minimum of 50% as it was not
possible to include all the blocks for purpose of field data collection due to
constraints of time, resource and quality output. However care has been taken to
include blocks which are located away from the district head quarter as well as
those which are within the district head quarter.
In the third stage, after selecting the block, the 5% sample schools
selected for the district was distributed among the sample blocks selected for field
visits. The distribution was done proportionately as per the number of schools
present in each of the blocks. Further the distribution has been done for both
categories of Lower and Higher primary schools in the block separately. Thus the
final number of schools that needed to be selected from each block and each
category of primary schools in the district was obtained by this exercise.
In the fourth stage, the actual schools for visit were selected. This was
done using the EMIS school list data obtained from the State Project Office,
Karnataka. The schools were selected from out of the list using systematic
122

Name
of
blocks
selected
sampling technique so as to ensure not only unbiased selection, but also true
representativeness. Thus in the final list of schools selected, care was taken to
see that it included minority schools as well as EGS upgraded types.
Alternative Innovative Education: In line with the requirement of the TOR by
the MHRD(GOI), it was necessary to include alternative innovative education
strategies in the 5% sample coverage for field monitoring. However, the
monitoring team has considered this as an additional sample component over and
above the 5% sample of formal schools selected in each district. Thus an
additional number of 5-8 schools under this category in every district covering all
types such as Residential Bridge course(RBC), NRBC (Non-Residential Bridge
Course), Tent school, Mobile School, Seasonal Migration Residential School,
KGBV, NPEGEL, Home based etc,. has been covered. The number of schools
covered under this type is presented in the table in each of the district reports.
BRC/CRC: As per the TOR by the MHRD (GOI), a minimum of 5 CRCs and 5
BRCs was also to be covered in each district for SSA field monitoring. Thus from
each district, 5 CRCs and 5 BRCs have been selected to capture the field data. So
far as selecting the BRCs, all the sample blocks have been covered. In case of
number of sample blocks selected in the district is less than five, the BRCs in the
other blocks (non-sampled) have been selected on the basis of purposive
randomness so as to make it 5. However, if the district had less than 5 BRCs, all
the available number of BRCs has been covered including the non-sampled
blocks. Similarly for selecting the 5 CRCs, a purposive random sampling
technique has been used and the selection has largely been done from the
sample blocks owing to the presence of sufficient number of CRCs in each block.
The number of BRCs/CRCs covered is presented in the table in each of the district
reports. Thus the overall sample size selected for Udupi district is given in the
following table.
No. of Schools
Selected
LP
S
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
Table 2.1: Sample Size Selected in Udupi District
HPS Total
Baiando
or
10 13 23
Udupi 2 8 10
Total
Tent
School
RBC NPEG
EL
123
Alternative Schools
Home
based
schoo
l
Mobil
e
Schoo
l
EGS
KGB
V
1 - - 3 - - -
BRC CRC
12 21 33 1 - - 3 - - - 5 5

2.2 Tools for Data Collection: As required by the TOR, for the purpose of
monitoring field level data, it was necessary to collect data from different sources
such as formal schools, alternative innovative education schools, CRCs, BRCs,
District Project Office (DPO) and the State Project Office (SPO). This necessitated
development of different kinds of tools for collecting comprehensive datasets,
both in quantitative and qualitative kinds from the field. As has been mentioned
earlier the field staff was oriented to collect the data using techniques such as
questioning, interviewing and observing during their visits to schools. Besides,
the data were also required to be gathered from several records, registers and
documents maintained in the schools. Therefore, the school schedule, in
particular has been designed in such a way that it lends itself for using variety of
techniques while collecting data from different sources. Specific instructions have
been inserted at appropriate places in the schedule to prompt the field
investigator not only to collect the required data but also for using different
techniques for the same.
In all, five different data capture formats have been developed by the
monitoring team, based on the tool given by the MHRD. The designing of these
formats involved several meetings of the monitoring team members as these
have been developed through participatory workshop modes. These
meetings/workshops were held both at RIE, Mysore and Institute for Social and
Economic Change, Bangalore. An unique feature of these formats is that they
attempt to capture every single data unit specified by the TOR be it from the
school, alternative school, CRC, BRC, DPO or the SPO. Further, the MS Excel
design used for developing the tool renders itself for smooth data keying in and
developing analysis format for data consolidation at the block, district and the
state levels as required. While the individual items in the field level data capture
formats from the formal schools and the alternative innovative education schools
(herein referred to as school schedule) have been rendered into regional
language (Kannada), all other schedules have been retained in English language.
A copy of each of the same is enclosed with the report under annexure.
Description of Tools: As mentioned earlier, five different data capture formats
have been developed by the monitoring team. The same is described hereunder.
School Schedule: The school schedule includes main items such as opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grant, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning material, children with special needs, DISE, SDMC,
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
124

mid-day meals and other items such as enrolment, attendance, school health
check up, evaluation scheme, school environment and facilities, co-curricular
activities, learning attainments etc,. Under each one of these main items there
were several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to
the main item. In addition, the school schedule also included a master table
format seeking enrolment and attendance each, class-wise, sex-wise and
category-wise (general, SC, ST).
The SPO Schedule : The SPO schedule includes items relating to opening of new
schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher training,
teaching-learning materials, EGS,AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special needs,
NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, staffing pattern and position. Under each one of
these main items there were several sub-items, which attempted to capture
specific details pertaining to the main item.
The DPO Schedule: The DPO schedule includes items relating to opening of
new schools, civil works, free text books, school grants, teacher and teacher
training, teaching-learning materials, EGS, AIE, NRBC, RBC, children with special
needs, NPEGEL, KGBV, DISE, SDMC, Research and Evaluation, staffing and
BRCs,CRCs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
BRC/CRC Schedule: The BRC/CRC schedule includes main items relating to
staffing pattern and position, teacher and teacher training and children with
special needs. Under each one of these main items there were several sub-items,
which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the main item.
Alternative Innovative Education: Under this category, separate tools have
been developed for each one so as to capture the required data from the field
visits along the lines of the TOR. Each one of them is described herein.
NPEGEL: This schedule includes items relating to model cluster school, gender
sensitive TLM, vocational education, gender empowerment for teachers,
community mobilisation for girls’ education, ECCE, activity documenting format,
frequency of reporting etc,. Under each one of these main items there were
several sub-items, which attempted to capture specific details pertaining to the
main item.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
125

KGBV: This schedule includes items relating to function, land identification, civil
works, sanctioned and filled in positions, enrolment and provision of facilities
including boarding and lodging arrangements and maintenance of the inmates
etc,. The specific items to elicit further information relating to each one of the
items are also included in the schedule.
RBC/NRBC : This schedule includes items relating to enrolment, attendance,
volunteers, training, mainstreamed children, infrastructure, learning attainment
levels, text books, TLM etc,. the specific questions relating to each one of these
items are also included in the schedule.
Tent/Mobile : The same RBC/NRBC schedule has been used for collecting data
relating to these types of schools with suitable modifications wherever required.
EGS Upgraded: This schedule includes items relating to up gradation, building
construction, civil works, teacher deployment etc,.
Home Based: This schedule includes items relating to child’s profile, volunteer,
education and training, mode of recruitment, monitoring support etc,.
2.3 Strategies for Field Data Collection
Logistic Support from the SPO/DPO: The data collection from the field
involved the support and cooperation of the SSA offices right from the state level
through the district level to the block and sub block levels. As such sufficient
effort was made by the MI in terms of obtaining official procedural sanctions. The
data collection from the field by the MI team was preceded by a meeting with the
SPO followed by the DPO, wherein the offices were apprised with regard to the
kinds and quality of data requirement from the offices/school and the kind of
logistic support to be provided to the monitoring teams during the field visits.
Accordingly, the field visits were planned with prior intimation to the SPO and the
DPO and after ascertaining the availability of the field functionaries for
interaction with the monitoring teams during the field visits as well as for
enabling the monitoring team in smooth data collection from the schools, CRCs,
BRCs, Alternative & Innovative Strategies and the DPO/DIET etc,.
Planning: Data collection was a challenge, as it required covering 5% of the
actual number of schools in a district. As the task involved collection of data at
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
126

three levels, i.e., at the state level (SPO), at District level (DPO) and at school
level, the needed information was first segregated at three levels. The tools
meant for data collection at state level and district levels were kept separately
and the tools to be used at school level were printed in tune with the number
required in every district.
A separate meeting was held at Bangalore to train the field officers in
understanding the requirements of data collection activity. Apart from this they
were also taken to a school to actually show how different information will have
to be sought and recorded. Thus, the field officers were adequately trained in the
task of data collection work. This was necessary as they had the responsibility of
training field level functionaries whom these field officers eventually appointed.
Personnel Involved: Since the field work involved working in at least for 50
working days, and covering 5% of the actual schools in every district, the
monitoring institutes had no option but to appoint field functionaries. They
included the following. For every district, the following was planned.
Monitoring Institute to Coordinate Data Collection Work
One Field Officer
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
One Desk Officer
Four to Eight Field Investigators Per District Depending on the Number
and Spread of School Coverage
Method: The method of data collection at state, district and sub district levels
varied. At the state level, the SPO was requested to facilitate the work of
providing data from the state office. Similarly, cooperation was sought to gather
data from the district and sub-district offices through issue of official circulars and
orders. Concerned data capture formats were sent to these offices to collect the
required data. Wherever possible the soft copies of the formats were sent to
offices and the data were procured in soft copy formats by the MI. Efforts were
also made to obtain data from the DIETs as they were also involved in SSA
activities for the district.
127

Data Quality Assurance Measure: In order to ensure quality in the datasets
that were intended to be collected, all necessary precautions were kept in mind.
For instance, in the inner cover page, a provision has been made where, the
headmaster of the school will sign the booklet along with his seal and the field
investigator also signs, after the school data are recorded. Apart from this, the
data collected were physically checked, discussed and only then were received by
the field officer from the field investigators. Again the monitoring institute did a
sample check of some booklets and compared it with the list of sampled schools
to check for any deviation. After ensuring that there was no deviation from the
originally drawn set of sampled schools, they were accepted as completed work
and made available to keying in into the computer.
Keying in: The verified booklets were accepted for computer keying in. All the
school data were keyed in. They were compiled and district profiles were
prepared after integrating the data collected from the school, from the district,
from the state, apart from BRCs and CRCs.
Consolidation and Tabulation: Once the district profiles were developed, the
consolidation work got over and the collected data were tabulated. The tabulated
facts and figures became the basis for generation of the present report.
Facilitating Report Writing: The basic TOR of MHRD, GOI has been the basis
for undertaking the work and logically, the report also must be able to respond to
the issues raised in the TOR. The tabulation and integration of information drawn
from the state level, district level and sub district levels enabled and facilitated
report writing work.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
XXXXXXXX
128

CHAPTER 3: REVIEW OF AWP&B AND ANALYSIS OF FIELD DATA
1. OPENING OF SCHOOLS (BOTH PRIMARY &
UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS)
As revealed from the AWP&B, the district had 3 new primary schools under spill
over in the year 2008-09. Under this component, six regular new teachers’ salary
has an approved outlay of Rs.1.440 lakhs. There is no expenditure under this as
the teachers are yet to be recruited.
From the DPO data it is noticed that 3 schools have been opened during the year
for which land has been identified and funds released to the SDMCs.
2. CIVIL WORKS
240 civil works reveals an outlay of Rs. 404.8 lakh. There is adequate progress
with 73.0 per cent of the money already being spent.
From the DPO data it is seen that there are 3 new schools and 95 additional
classrooms in the current year. Out of these all except 3 additional classrooms
reveal civil works progress at various stages.
From the field data, it is seen that the 2 schools in the sample reveal
construction work at various stages. One of them reveal foundation and another
one reveals progress upto lintel level. In all these cases, the SDMC has received
both technical training and guidelines for civil works. The technical committee is
in place to supervise the quality of covil works and are also seen to visit the sites
as per schedule, and the SDMCs have maintained separate accounts relating to
all aspects of civil works. Overall the quality of civil works is found to be quite
satisfactory.
3. TEXT BOOKS
41706 children are covered under this scheme with an outlay of Rs. Rs.35.99
lakh. All the money has been spent revealing excellent progress.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
129

3. TEXT BOOKS
41706 children are covered under this scheme with an outlay of Rs. Rs.35.99
lakh. All the money has been spent revealing excellent progress.
From the DPO data, however, it is seen that 22,475 children in primary schools
have received text books. The difference needs explanation.
From the field data it is seen that 6 schools reveal non receipt of text books in
more than one class and more than 10 students in these schools had not
received text books. By and large the OOS children who were mainstreamed in
these schools had joined school late and hence not received text books.
4. SCHOOL GRANTS
There is excellent progress with 100.0 per cent utilization.
From the DPO data it is seen that a total of 1414 schools had received grant,
which included 855 primary and 559 higher primary schools. The grant was
released in the month of May itself along with guidelines.
From the field data, it is seen that all 33 schools had received school grant, which
was generally found to be used for repairs, furniture purchase, painting, drinking
water, electricity bill payment, plumbing work etc,. In about 2 schools, the
amount was used for Pratibha karanji, which calls for explanation.
5. TEACHERS AND TEACHER TRAINING
Teachers’ salary (recurring) under this had an outlay of Rs. 212.85 lakhs out of
which Rs.170.48 lakh have been spent upto January. Thus utilization is to the
tune of 80.09 per cent, which may be considered quite satisfactory.
The district had a target of 5352 teachers to be trained under in-service training
for an outlay of Rs.74.928 lakhs. The utilization is seen to the extent of 38.08
per cent, which may be considered far less than adequate progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that 4550 out of 5352 teachers were trained under
in-service. Although, 6 new teachers were were proposed to be trained under 30
days induction, the district had not been able to do the same.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
130

From the field data it is seen that overall more than 97.0 per cent of the schools
have teachers in position. None of the teachers were absent in any of the sample
schools on the day of visit. Over 75.0 per cent of the teachers had undergone inservice
training at the DIET and BRCs. More than 96% reported about giving
feedback to the training programme and over 95.0 percent of teachers reported
that the training was effective. The training covered all curricular subjects.
However, teachers expressed the need for more training in English, Maths,
Science, Hindi, Computers, Yoga, administration, gender etc.
6. TEACHING LEARNING MATERIAL (TLM) GRANT
The district had an outlay of Rs.26.76 lakhs for 5352 teachers in primary and
upper primary schools. Out of this, 85.01 per cent has been utilized.
The DPO data concurs with the above statistics with respect to TLM grant.
From the field data, it is seen that excepting in one school, in all schools all
eligible teachers had received TLM grant. In one school, the amount received
was less than Rs.500/-. All teachers had utilized the grant as per guidelines and
in 48.5 per cent of the schools, the TLM was displayed in the class, while in the
remaining, it was kept separately in the classroom. In all the schools, it was
found to be used by pupils. Similarly, more than 80.0 per cent of teachers had
received training for TLM at the BRCs. A large majority of schools have reported
about sharing of good practices.
7. EGS & AIE
The district reveals an outlay of Rs.32.78 lakh, out of which little over 78.0 per
cent has been spent. This may be considered adequate progress. However, the
tent school and the SED reveal no progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that under OOS, the district has planned for 69
children under HBE along with the previous year 268 children, one feeder school
and transportation for 190 children.
8. CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
131

1595 children were covered with an outlay of Rs. 19.14 lakh. The entire amount
has been utilized so far revealing excellent progress.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district had identified 6498 in the current
year, all of whom were enrolled in schools. Out of these CWSN 911 have been
provided with assistive devices. 14 resource teachers have been identified and 2
NGOs are collaborating. 337 children out of these have been provided with HBE
support.
From the field data, it is noted that in 69.7 schools, CWSN children had attended
medical camp. In these schools, 45 children had attended medical camp. Out of
them 14 were identified to receive assistive devices. From out of these children
10 had received aids and appliances. The aids received included hearing aid,
spectacles, wheel chair and MR kit. Three schools reported about not receiving
the aid due to ‘parents not interested’ and problems relating to further medical
examination. Only one school reported about problem in using the wheel chair
due to lack of proper road. Further, more than 72.0 % of the sample schools had
a ramp built as per requirements. 7 schools out of the 33 sample schools
revealed severely disabled children enrolled under home based support. There
was satisfactory attendance among the CWSN in the sample schools.
9. NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR EDUCATION OF
GIRLS AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL (NPEGEL
There is no NPEGEL in the district.
10. KASTURBA GANDHI BALIKA VIDYALAYA
(KGBV)
There is no KGBV in the district.
11. DISTRICT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR
EDUCATION (DISE)
The district reveals an outlay of Rs. 54.379 for MIS, out of which more than 61.0
per cent has been spent so far. This may be considered just adequate progress.
The LEP component under this which includes Nali-Kali provisions and MP3
Players for Urdu schools has not been utilized at all.
From the DPO data it is seen that all aspects relating to EMIS are in place.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
132

From the field data it is seen that all sample schools except one had received data
capture formats in time and all teachers had received training in this regard. All
schools reported about 5% data verification by the BRCs/CRCs.
12. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION
The district records 51.0 per cent fund utilization under this, which may be
considered as unsatisfactory. Even under innovative activity, there is inadequate
progress with only 32.66 per cent fund utilization. This is a cause of concern.
From the DPO data, it is noticed that all proposed researches have been
sanctioned and all sanctioned during the previous year have been completed.
13. FUNCTIONING OF VEC
Excellent progress is seen with 100.0 per cent fund utilization.
From the DPO data it is seen that the district has constituted 624 SDMCs as per
required norms. All of them have been given guidelines. Overall 68.74 per cent
of the members had received training.
From the field data it is seen that all schools had SDMC in place as per norms.
These schools also were in possession of the SDMC guidelines. There was regular
monthly meeting of the SDMC. Only 9 schools revealed all members attending the
meetings. In other schools, the attendance was around 70.0 per cent. More than
55% schools reported about 100.0 percent attendance among women members
in the SDMC meetings. Large majority of the schools (67.6%) had about 20-30%
of the members who had undergone SDMC training. The SDMC in general
contributed to upkeeping of school environment and overseeing teachers’ and
students’ attendance. In one school the SDMC appointed an honorary teacher.
14. STAFFING AT STATE AND DISTRICT LEVEL
With regard to staffing, it is noticed that while the DPO has all staff in place, there
are vacancies in BRCs and CRCs. While BRCs indicated 7 vacancies, the CRCs
indicated as many as 18 vacancies. This is a sad reflection as it directly impacts
monitoring of quality of education in schools.
15. MID-DAY MEAL SCHEME
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
133

By and large all schools served variety of hot cooked food under mid-day meal.
The schools also displayed daily menu list. The number of schools, which served
same menu was negligible. In general all children took mid day meal with the
exception of one or two who either went home to have lunch or brought packed
lunch. As per records of the school, only less than 30.0 per cent of the schools
revealed some minor differences in the number of children enrolled, attended
and took MDM. There was almost concurrence in the numbers based on the head
count and as revealed in the MDM registers. Even there was not much of a
difference between the number of children who took MDM on the day of visit and
on the previous day thereby suggesting consistency in the MDM beneficiary
statistics. In fact it was noticed that in some of the schools, the excess food
remained was again served in the evening during remedial teaching
programmes. Sometimes, some of the children also packed and carried MDM,
when it was in excess. Schools also reported about greens and vegetables being
part of the MDM. However, greens were occasionally used and some common
vegetables grown in the region like brinjal, cucumber and tomato were usually
cooked in the sambar.
All schools reported about receiving the food grains on time regularly. More than
90 per cent of the schools reported about having sufficient buffer stock. Except
two schools, all other schools received cooking cost well in advance. In times of
delay either the HM or the SDMC met the cost. There was no discrimination of
any kind with regard to caste and gender either during serving of the food or in
seating arrangement. About 85 per cent of the schools were able to adhere to the
menu. More than 95.0 per cent of the children expressed satisfaction with respect
to quantity and quality of the food served under MDM. Pleasantly all schools
provided micronutrients and deworming regularly. All schools cooked food in the
school itself. More than 95 % of the schools has sufficient number of staff for
cooking MDM. Most of them were drawn from SHGs. While all cooks received
Rs.800/- p.m. the assistants received between Rs.400-500 p.m. the
remuneration was received regularly. More than 90.0 per cent of the schools used
gas for cooking MDM. All schools has potable water for drinking. The general
environment of cooking and eating MDM was clean and safe. All children are
found to take MDM in orderly manner and were also found to be encouraged for
personal hygiene and water conservation. While in 40.0 per cent of the schools
the SDMC/panchayats participated in the MDM programme many times, in 60 per
cent of the remaining schools, they were found to participate only occasionally.
16. ADDITIONAL ITEMS CHECKED DURING SCHOOL
VISITS BY MI
From the sample schools from the field, it is noticed that the total working days
ranged from 226 to 235. The average of the same was found to be 230. over
70.0 per cent of the schools had good building, close to 25.0 per cent had
partially good building and in only one school the building was not good. All
schools had clean environment. More than 95.0 per cent of the schools have good
classrooms with adequate light, ventilation and blackboard. However, while 63.3
per cent of the schools had adequate play ground facility, another 18.2 per cent
of the schools have small play ground and an equal per cent of the schools have
no play ground at all. Over 81.0 per cent of the schools have TLM and another
12.0 per cent of the schools have insufficient TLMs. Only 27.3 per cent of the
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
134

schools have insufficient play equipment. However large majority of the schools
let children use them.
Over 93.0 per cent of the schools had organized health camp. Only 3 schools out
of the 33 have low attendance for which efforts are made to visit homes of such
children and providing all incentives to them. There was continuous and
comprehensive evaluation system in place and grading system was being adopted
for pupils assessment. Only 3 schools reported about under and over aged
children. 3 schools reported about children leaving the school in the past six
months and 2 schools reported about these children joining other schools. Overall
rapport between pupils and teachers was quite good.
REMEDIAL TEACHING
The district had planned remedial teaching for 5929 children with an outlay of Rs.
29.645 lakhs. There is adequate progress with more than71.0 per cent utilization.
During the visit, it was noticed that the schools had engaged children in remedial
teaching after school hours on a regular basis.
BRC
The district reveals adequate progress with 75.45 per cent fund utilization
CRC
The district reveals adequate progress with more than 77.0 per cent fund
utilization.
SSA OVERALL TOTAL
The district had an overall allocation of Rs. 1321.957 lakh allocation for the year
2008-09. Out of this, Rs.963.034 lakh has been spent so far accounting for more
than 72.0 per cent, which may be considered fairly satisfactory.
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
***********
135

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
136

UDUPI DISTRICT (L.P.S.)
GLPS RAMANA KODLU -
Department of
1 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR BELLAL
AJRI
Education
Department of
2 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR GOLIHOLE GLPS GOLIHOLE URDU
Education
Department of
3 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR GOLIHOLE GLPS HOSERI
Education
GLPS KADALI HOSOOR -
Department of
4 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR HOSOOR
HOSOOR
Education
GLPS MEKKE, JADKAL -
Department of
5 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR JADKAL
JADKAL
Education
Department of
6 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR KERADI GLPS HALADI KERADI
Education
GLPS NAGUR KANNADA
Department of
7 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR KIRIMANJESHWARA 576250
Education
Department of
8 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR NAVUNDA GLPS MASKI 576224
Education
GLPS KOTEBAGILUTALLURU
Department of
9 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR TALLUR
576216
Education
GLPS HULKADIKE -
Department of
10 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR YELJITH
YELAJETH
Education
Department of
11 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI BADAGABETTU 80 GLPS RAJEEVANAGARA
Education
Department of
12 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI KUDI GLPS KUDI - KUDI
Education
GLPS MANIPURA -
Department of
13 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI MANIPURA
MANIPURA
Education
GLPS PADUBETTU
Department of
14 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI PERNANKILA PERNANKILA
U B M C AIDED HPS
Education
15 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI SANTHOOR
SANTHURU Pvt. Aided
Department of
16 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI UDUPI UA GLPS KARAMBALLI 576119
Education
AWP & B FOR 2007-08
137

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
UDUPI DISTRICT (H.P.S.)
1 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR BELLAL
GHPS BELLALA 576233 -
BELLAL Department of Education
2 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR GOLIHOLE GHPS ARESHIROOR 576214
GHPS GUJJADY 576247 -
Department of Education
3 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR GUJJADI
GUJJADI
GHPS SULUGODU -
Department of Education
4 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR HALLIHOLE
HALLIHOLE Department of Education
5 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR HEROOR GHPS RAGIHAKLU 576224
GHPS IDURUKUNJNADI
Department of Education
6 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR IDURKUNNADI 576233
GHPS MOGERI 576219 -
Department of Education
7 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR KERGAL
KERGAL
GHPSKUNDABARANDADI
Department of Education
8 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR KUNDABARANDADI 576235 -
GHPS NUJADY I 576233 -
Department of Education
9 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR NOOJADI
NOOJAD
GHPS KOTEBAGILU
Department of Education
10 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR PADUVARI
PADUVARI Department of Education
11 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR THAGGARSE GHPS THAGGARSE Department of Education
12 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR YADTHARE GHPS MUDDODI 576214 Department of Education
13 UDUPI 291604 BYNDOOR YELJITH GHPS YELAJITH Department of Education
14 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI HEJAMADI GHPS HEJAMADI - KODI
GHPS MALLARU GENERAL -
Department of Education
15 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI MALLAR
MALLARU Department of Education
16 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI PANGALA GHPS PANGALA - PANGALA
GHPS SANTHURU KOPLA -
Department of Education
17 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI SANTHOOR
SANTHOOR
U B M C AIDED HPS
Department of Education
18 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI SANTHOOR
SANTHURU Pvt. Aided
19 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI UDUPI UA GMHPS VOLAKADU Department of Education
20 UDUPI 291602 UDUPI YENAGUDDE GHPS ACHHADA - Department of Education
138

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
YENAGUDDE
139

AWP & B FOR 2007-08
140