IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT ENDNOTES1Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008; H. Nimr, Human Rights & Human Security At Risk: The Consequences of Placing Immigration Enforcement and Services in theDepartment of Homeland Security, National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights, 2003; National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights,Preliminary Report and Findings of the Emergency National Border Justice and Solidarity Community Tour: Militarization and Impunity at theBorder, October 2006; T. Dunn, The Militarization of the US-Mexico Border 1978-1992: Low-Intensity Conflict Doctrine Comes Home, Center forMexican American Studies, University of Texas at Austin, 19962Andrew Morrison, et al., THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF WOMEN, World Bank: 2007.3Min Zhou, Contemporary Female Immigration to the United States: A Demographic Profile, WOMEN IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES (ed.Philippa Strum & Danielle Tarantano, 2002), 26.4Julia Gelatt, President Calls for $13 Billion in Border and Enforcement Funding in 2008, MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE (2008), available at: http://www.migrationinformation.org/USFocus/display.cfm?ID=584.5Jennifer L. Pozner, Women’s Debate Show Exposes Rape as Cost of Entry for Female Immigrants, WIMN’s Voices Blog, (available at: http://www.wimnonline.org/WIMNsVoicesBlog/?p=150.). Sylvanna Falcon, “Rape as a Weapon of War: Advancing Human Rights or Women at the US-Mexico Border,” Social Justice, Summer 2001; 28-2, pp 31-50; Gabriela Diaz and Gretchen Kuhner, Women Migrants in Transit and Detention inMexico, Migration Policy Institute, 2007 (available at: http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=586).6J. Light, Rape on the Border – Baiting Immigrants – Border Patrol Abuses; anti-immigrant politics, The Progressive, September 1996.7“Former INS Officer Gets 4-year Prison Term,” Los Angeles Times, November 23, 2004.8Crossing the Line: Human Rights Abuses Along the U.S. Border with Mexico Persist Amid Climate of Impunity, Human Rights Watch, 1995;Border Patrol Agent Pleads No Contest In Rape of Illegal Immigrant, ARIZONA REPUBLIC, July 28, 1994. See also Sylvanna Falcon, Rape as aWeapon of War: Advancing Human Rights for Women at the U.S.-Mexico Border, 28 SOCIAL JUSTICE 31 (2001).9Crossing the Line: Human Rights Abuses Along the U.S. Border with Mexico Persist Amid Climate of Impunity, Human Rights Watch, 1995.10Crossing the Line: Human Rights Abuses Along the U.S. Border with Mexico Persist Amid Climate of Impunity, Human Rights Watch, 1995.11Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.12Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.13Michael Connelly and Patricia Lerner, INS Agent Faces More Sex Charges, LOS ANGELES TIMES, June 15, 1990.14Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.15Julia Gelatt, President Calls for $13 Billion in Border and Enforcement Funding in 2008, MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE (2008), available at: http://www.migrationinformation.org/USFocus/display.cfm?ID=584.16 Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.17Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.18Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.19Leslye Orloff & Rachel Little, Overview of Domestic Violence and Battered Immigrant Issues, available at http://girlarmy.org/reader/DV%20Immigrant%20Women.pdf (citing CHRIS HOGELAND AND KAREN ROSEN, DREAMS LOST, DREAMS FOUND: UNDOCUMENTED WOMEN IN THE LAND OFOPPORTUNITY 63 (Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights and Services 1991).20Dawn Konet and Jeanne Batalova, Spotlight on Immigration Enforcement in the United States, MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE (2007), available at:http://www.migrationinformation.org/USFocus/display.cfm?ID=590.21Yves Colon, Life Became a Nightmare, MIAMI HERALD, September 7, 2000.22Nina Bernstein, Protests Brew Over Attempt to Deport a Woman, NEW YORK TIMES, February 14, 2006; Ruben Rosario, Deportation Case Is NoModel of Justice Served, ST. PAUL PIONEER PRESS, November 7, 2005.23Over-Raided, Under Siege: U.S. Immigration Laws and Enforcement Destroy the Rights of Migrants, National Network for Immigrant and RefugeeRights, 2008.Please visit www.incite-national.org for more info! P. 16
“QUALITY OF LIFE” POLICING WHAT ARE “QUALITY OF LIFE” AND “ZERO TOLERANCE” POLICING?The practice of ordermaintenance policing ispremised on society beingdivided into two groups,the “ orderly” upstanding,law- abiding citizen and the“ disorderly” criminal- in- themaking.Once in existence,this construct is used tojustify policies that treatthe disorderly person as onewho “ needs to be policed,surveyed, watched,The concept of “zero tolerance” came out of federal drugenforcement policies of the 1980s. 2 It refers to a policy ofallocating additional law enforcement resources to areas wheresome form of crime is said to be endemic, and then applyingimmediate and harsh responses to even minor violations, withlittle or no consideration for individual circumstances. 3The term “quality of life” policing was first used in New YorkCity in the early 90s, during the Giuliani administration. It refersto a practice of heavily policing a number of normallynon-criminal activities such as standing, congregating, sleeping,eating and/or drinking in public spaces, as well as minoroffenses such as graffiti, public urination, panhandling, littering,and unlicensed street vending. 4relocated, controlled.” 1“Quality of life” policing is based on the “broken windows”theory — which says that allowing broken windows and othersigns of “disorder” to exist in a neighborhood quickly leads, if left unchecked, to an explosion of serious crime by“signaling that the community is not in control.” 5 When coupled with the “zero tolerance” approach, this type ofpolicing favors arrests in situations where a warning or citation would otherwise be issued. This in turn contributes tosoaring criminalization, largely of people of color, and increased police brutality.When combined, these law enforcement practices are often referred to as “order maintenance policing.” WHERE DO THESE PRACTICES COME FROM?New York City has served as both a laboratory for implementation of the “brokenwindows” theory and a leading edge of the “zero tolerance” and “quality of life” lawenforcement trends. As early as 1993, former New York City Mayor Giuliani introducedthe “Quality of Life Initiative,” openly citing the “broken windows” theory as the basis for“zero tolerance” policies enforced by the NYPD. 6 HOW HAVE THEY SPREAD?A number of cities have been quick to follow New York’s lead. Police in Tampa,Washington D.C., and Chicago, among others, have stepped up enforcement of "qualityof life" laws. 7 One of the first acts of the New Orleans police commissioner appointed inthe late 90s was to hire consultants familiar with the New York approach to train hisofficers. 8 Some cities, such as Los Angeles, Oakland and Chicago, to name a few, have Art by Cristy C. Road, croadcore.orgalso initiated "anti-gang" policing campaigns using anti-loitering ordinances and youth curfews. 9 In early 2007, theDenver Police Department announced plans to expand “broken windows" policing to the Cole-Whittierneighborhoods, which are predominantly Black and Latin@. 10Please visit www.incite-national.org for more info! P. 17
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CRITICAL LESSONS FROM THE NEW JERSE
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ORGANIZING FOR COMMUNITY ACCOUNTABI
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Support Our Work!Join: The S.O.S. C
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KNOW YOUR RIGHTS!Police violence an
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WHAT CAN WE DO?We have been taught
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PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH WHAT
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PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCHFIERCE
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This survey is being conducted by S
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FIERCE! Survey on Police Harassment
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DisabilityOther (please explain):16
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The 100 Stories ProjectRaise Your V
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The Martus database allows us to en
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Safe Streets Community Survey #1Nam
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Have you ever changed your behavior
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This survey is from a group of orga
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SAMPLE WORKSHOPSAMPLE WORKSHOP ON L
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SAMPLE WORKSHOPQuestion 5 - What is
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CRITICAL RESISTANCE - INCITE! STATE
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RESOURCES & ORGANIZATIONSThe follow
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RESOURCES & ORGANIZATIONSFenced OUT
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RESOURCE CDThis toolkit is accompan
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EVALUATIONWE REALLY APPRECIATE YOUR