MILK PRODUCTION

REFERENCES
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MILK PRODUCTION
correlated with maximum and average flow at mammary level.
Milkability in Mediterranean Italian buffalo species is characterized by long IP than DP and PP. Anyway we observed a
long duration of DP, in contrast to bovine species, this longer time could be explained with different distribution of milk
in quarters, low storage capacity of mammary cistern, and the high teat canal length.
In our study that was characterized by administration of exogenous oxytocin, it was evidenced the greater influence of
the teat canal length in milk ejection. This point is important because the teat canal undergoes considerable elongation,
with the increasing time of milking, Thomas 13 reported increase teat elongation range between 10-13%.
It is necessary to compare teat anatomy and milkability differences in all the buffalo different breeds reared in the world,
because the reported results are related to Mediterranean Italian breed, which was selected during the last 50 years for
the character of mechanical milkability. Finally it could be interesting to apply a heritability programme on milkability
traits as that effected on Brown breed (milking speed index) 15 .
1. Ambord, S. Thomas, C S. Borghese, A. Mazzi, C. Boselli, C. Bruckmaier 2009. Teat anatomy, vacuum to open the teat canal, and fractionized milk
composition in Italian buffaloes. Milk Science International: vol. 64, no 4, 351-353.
2. Bava, L., Sandrucci, A., Tamburini, A., Zucali, M., 2007. Milk flow traits of buffalo cows in intensive farming systems. Ital.J.Anim.Sci. 6 (Suppl.
1): 500-502.
3. Boselli C., Giangolini G., Filippetti F., Giacinti G., Amatiste S. 2009. Milk flow traits during lactation in Saanen goats raised in Latium region.
XVII Intenational Congress of Mediterranean Federation of Health and Production of Ruminant, Perugia – Italy.
4. Boselli, C., Rosati, R., Giangolini, G., Arcuri, S., Fagiolo, A., Ballico, S., Borghese, A., 2004. Milk flow measurements in buffalo herds. Proc. of
the 7th World Buffalo Congr., Manila, Philippines: 244-246.
5. Boselli, C., Mazzi, M., Thomas, C.S., Borghese, A., 2008. Milkability of Buffalo (milk flow curves). Borghese A, Rasmussen, MD & Thomas, CS ed.
Bull. Int. Dairy Federation, 426: 37-41.
6. Bruckmaier, R. M., and J. W. Blum. 1992. B-Mode ultrasonography of mammary glands of cows, goats and sheep during alpha- and betaadrenergic
agonist and oxytocin administration. J. Dairy Res. 59:151–159
7.Bruckmaier, R. M., E. Rothenanger, and J. M. Blum. 1995. Milking characteristics in dairy cows of different farms and during the course of
lactation. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 112:293–302.
8. Di Palo, R., Campanile, G., Ariota, B., Vecchio, D., Grassi, C., Neri, D., Varricchio, E., Rendina, M., 2007. Milk flow traits in Mediterranean Italian
Buffaloes. Ital.J.Anim.Sci., 6 (Suppl. 2): 1319-1322.
9. Dzidic A., Kaps M., Bruckmaier R.M. 2004. Machine milking of Istrian dairy crossbreed ewes: udder morphology and milking characteristics, Small
Ruminant Research, 55 (1-3): 183-189.
10. Dzidic A., Knopf L., Bruckmaier R.M. 2002. Oxytocin release and milk removal in machine-milked mares. Milchwissenschaft. 57(8): 423-424.
11. Sandrucci, A., Tamburini, A., Bava, L., Zucali, M., 2007. Factors Affecting Milk Flow Traits in Dairy Cows: Results of a Field Study. J. Dairy Sci.,
90: 1159-1167.
12. Tancin, V., Ipema, B., Hogewerf, P., Macuhovà, J., 2006. Sources of variation in milk flow characteristics at udder and quarter levels. J. Dairy
Sci., 89: 978-988.
13. Thomas CS, Svennersten-Sjaunja K, Bhosrekar MR, Bruckmaier RM. 2003. Mammary cisternal size, cisternal milk and milk ejection in Murrah
buffaloes. Journal Dairy Research, 71: 162-168.
14. Weiss D., Weinfurtner M.and Bruckmaier R. M., 2004. Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in
Dairy Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87:3280-3289.
15. http:/www.anarb.it/indici_genetici
16. http:/www.milkproduction.com
Proceedings 9 th World Buffalo Congress