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help develop a conceptual model of key issues and management<br />

objectives. The conceptual model<strong>in</strong>g process beg<strong>in</strong>s with a<br />

verbal description of important relationships between the species<br />

of <strong>in</strong>terest and its environment. The verbal description is then<br />

used to help select a set of hypothetical drivers to be considered<br />

for <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong> the model. The environmental variables (i.e.,<br />

covariates) and their relationship to the species of <strong>in</strong>terest (i.e.,<br />

response data) are referred to as a narrative model us<strong>in</strong>g a m<strong>in</strong>d<br />

map.<br />

One of the park's pronghorn antelope.<br />

(Photo courtesy of Hamilton Greenwood.)<br />

The Case of the Pronghorn Antelope<br />

A m<strong>in</strong>d map is a quick way to display potential factors affect<strong>in</strong>g variation<br />

<strong>in</strong> a focal species response, for example, the health and vitality of a<br />

population. The m<strong>in</strong>d map could be based on present-day data or legacy<br />

datasets, either of which helps visualize the narrative model, which can<br />

get rather complex. The narrative model will eventually be used to create<br />

a quantitative model to support statistical analytics, which occur later <strong>in</strong><br />

the workflow.<br />

For example, the Yellowstone pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra<br />

americana) faces a suite of risks characteristic of small populations<br />

with geographic/demographic isolation, low abundance, and low<br />

recruitment. Decision makers need a management plan based on<br />

demographic monitor<strong>in</strong>g of abundance, especially species vitality<br />

rates. This study focused on demographic monitor<strong>in</strong>g, especially<br />

recruitment and survival; ecological <strong>in</strong>teractions, especially<br />

predation rates and recruitment; and habitat assessment.<br />

Geodesign <strong>in</strong> Practice: Design<strong>in</strong>g a Better World<br />

J10221<br />

Where the Wild Th<strong>in</strong>gs Are <strong>in</strong> Yellowstone Park<br />

22

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