GENOCIDE IN MYANMAR

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COUNTDOWN TO ANNIHILATION: GENOCIDE IN MYANMAR • Today, Bengalis’ intruding threatened the security and sovereignty of the country. They are doing systematically terrorism and colony by the population. In fact, some terrorist overseas organizations are providing the trainings to the young Bengalis by brainwashing and trying to plan terrorism in many ways. So, Myanmar government should pay more attention over Bengali colony and the plans of terrorism very carefully… The frontiers of the western Myanmar and the coasts from which Bengalis can enter should be covered by the high walls in order to prevent illegal immigrants. 77 ISCI discovered a leaked document apparently adopted by the regime in 1988 which reveals the State Peace and Development Council’s (SPDC) commitment to eliminating the Rohingya from Myanmar. SPDC Rohingya Extermination Plan adopted in 1988 78 1. The Muslims (Rohingyas) are not to be provided with citizenship cards by identifying them as insurgents. 2. To reduce the population growth of the Rohingyas by gradual imposition of restrictions on their marriages and by application of all possible methods of oppression and suppression against them. 3. To strive for the increase in Buddhist population to be more than the number of Muslim people by way of establishing Natala villages in Arakan with Buddhist settlers from different townships and from out of the country. 4. To allow them temporary movement from village to village and township to township only with Form 4 (which is required by the foreign nationals for travel), and to totally ban them travelling to Sittwe, the capital of Arakan State. 5. To forbid higher studies (university education) to the Rohingyas. 6. No Muslim is to be appointed in government services. 7. To forbid them from ownership of lands, shops and buildings. Any such properties under their existing ownership must be confiscated for distribution among the Buddhists. All their economic activities must be stopped. 8. To ban construction, renovation, repair and roofing of the mosques, Islamic religious schools and dwelling houses of the Rohingyas. 9. To try secretly to convert the Muslims into Buddhism. 10. Whenever there is a case between Rakhine and Muslim the court shall give verdict in favour of Rakhine; when the case is between Muslim themselves the court shall favour the rich against the poor Muslim so that the latter leaves the country with frustration. 11. Mass killing of the Muslim is to be avoided in order not to invite the attention of the Muslim countries. (The Rohingya population was 1.2 million in 1952 and, according to UNHCR report it has been reduced to 774,000 in 2008). Translation from Burmese, undated document 77 Leaked document 1, submission B: Submitted by Arakan Human Rights and Development Organization (AHRDO). 78 Leaked document 2: SPDC Rohingya Extermination Plan, adopted in 1988 on the basis of the proposals submitted by Col. Tha Kyaw (a Rakhine), Chairman of the National Unity Party. 36
2. BACKGROUND What is so striking and alarming about the ‘Extermination Plan’ cited above is that at least 7 of the first 8 elements of the plan have been effectively instituted. ISCI witnessed high levels of anger within the Rakhine community over perceived support by the international community for the Rohingya. The anger has been expressed most visibly through: • Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC) established at the demand of Rakhine leaders, ostensibly to monitor delivery of aid to IDP camps to ensure Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims receive an equal share; • protests, particularly in Yangon and Sittwe against plans by the OIC to open an office in Myanmar; UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon’s use of the word ‘Rohingya’; visits by Yanghee Lee, the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar; parliament’s decision to give holders of white ID cards (mainly Rohingya) the right to vote in 2015; 79 • violent attacks on UN and INGO offices in Sittwe in 2014 and an orchestrated campaign against INGOs seen to be disproportionately assisting the Rohingya, which resulted in, for example, the expulsion of MSF in 2014. Emergency Coordination Centre In late March 2014, and in the immediate aftermath of the Rakhine attacks on INGO offices, the Rakhine state government, with the support of the State government, operationalised the ECC in Sittwe. Chaired by the State Security Minister, the ECC is supposed to facilitate the delivery of humanitarian assistance in Rakhine. Interviews with ECC elders, however, revealed entirely different objectives on the part of those who lead the Rakhine ECC. These include monitoring the international community and its perceived ‘one-sided’ humanitarian support for the Rohingya; and ensuring that the international community directs development aid towards the Rakhine. As Thar Pwin, one of the three Rakhine elders on the ECC, declared: We monitor them – one of the motivations is to ensure equal distribution 50-50. For Rakhine we don’t need INGOs. But the INGOs are interested in the Bengalis. Yes the Rakhine don’t need them but the Bengalis do – it’s a pressure the government can’t resist. 80 When asked how the monitoring took place, Thar Pwin revealed the close ties between Rakhine natio- nalist civil society organisations and the ECC: Every township has ECC representatives and the local CSOs and ECC work together to monitor the INGOs. In Mrauk U, for example, there was an issue with the distribution of fertilizer. The 79 The decision was quickly reversed:, Nyein Nyein, ‘Thein Sein Pushes Referendum Suffrage for White Card Holders’, The Irrawaddy, 22 December 2014: http://www.irrawaddy.org/election/news/thein-sein-pushes-referendum-suffrage-forwhite-card-holders. Accessed 11 October 2015. 80 Interview with Thar Pwin, in Sittwe, 23 January 2015. 37
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