Public Attitudes to Peace Walls (2015)

Public Attitudes to Peace Walls (2015)
Survey Results
Ulster University
‘constant problems’ that might result from the walls being removed. Indeed, 17% of respondents
living closest to the walls said that they would try to move away if the walls in their areas were to
come down. Greater use of CCTV and a stronger police presence were viewed by respondents as
the most appropriate response to any change in the conflict architecture where they lived.
The removal of the peace walls has been widely understood as the ultimate symbolic act of
reconciliation between two communities who have traditionally prioritised separation over
sharing. But perhaps the most uncomfortable result of the 2012 survey was that 69% of
those living closest to the walls believed that the walls must remain (for now) because of the
potential for violence (Gormley-Heenan et al, 2013). Almost two decades after the paramilitary
ceasefires, walls were still seen as a necessary protection from violence emanating from ‘the other’
community.
The purpose of this new survey, conducted in mid-2015, has been to ascertain and understand
whether public attitudes to the removal of peace walls had changed in any way over the last 3
years.
Since the last survey, much has happened in the political and policy arenas. Extensive loyalist
protests against the December 2012 decision of Belfast City Council to fly the Union flag from
Belfast City Hall on designated days and the continuing dispute over parading at Ardoyne/
Twaddell since July 2013 led to a measurable hardening of attitudes towards reconciliation and
cross-community relationships on all sides, but particularly within loyalist communities.
In addition, interface areas remain characterised by social deprivation, which has almost certainly
deepened in the difficult economic climate since 2008. The desire for change in interface areas
whether through plans to remove peace walls or to reimage interface areas through public
investment has not been matched by the scale of public funding available to actualise the
changes needed.
Against this political and economic backdrop, government policy also changed. Among the
various targets and objectives identified within the Together: Building a United Community
(TBUC) strategy, was the target of removing ALL interface barriers (peace walls) by 2023. The key
principles underpinning this intervention were that: local communities should come together to
produce a phased plan of how to reduce and eventually remove the barrier; maximum consensus
should be achieved from both sides of the wall/barrier; personal and property safety are core
issues and considerations for the plan; and departments and agencies would need to give priority
to consideration of plans. Community engagement in the process was regarded by the Executive
as critical: ‘Taking down interface barriers is not something that can be achieved without
engagement with, consent and support of the people who live there. We must be sensitive to the
views and perceptions of residents and balance this against the responsibility on us to create the
conditions within which division and segregation can become resigned to the past’ (TBUC, 2013).
It is in this political, economic and policy context that the results of the 2015 attitudinal survey on
peace walls must be considered.
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