ADRP1-02

Military Terms
earliest arrival date – (DOD) A day, relative to C-day, that is specified as the earliest date when a unit, a resupply
shipment, or replacement personnel can be accepted at a port of debarkation during a deployment. Also called
EAD. See also latest arrival date. (JP 5-0) See FM 4-01.
echelon – Separate level of command. (ADRP 1-02)
echelon formation – A unit formation with subordinate elements arranged on an angle to the left or to the right
of the direction of attack (echelon left, echelon right). This formation provides for firepower forward and to
the flank of the direction of the echelon. It facilitates control in open areas. It provides minimal security to
the opposite flank of the direction of the echeloning. (FM 3-90-1) See also box formation.
echelon support – The method of supporting an organization arrayed within an area of an operation. (ATP 4-90)
economy – Providing sustainment resources in an efficient manner to enable a commander to employ all assets
to achieve the greatest effect possible. (ADP 4-0)
effect – (DOD) 1. The physical or behavioral state of a system that results from an action, a set of actions, or
another effect. 2. The result, outcome, or consequence of an action. 3. A change to a condition, behavior, or
degree of freedom. (JP 3-0) See FM 3-53, FM 3-57, ATP 3-09.24, ATP 3-53.2, ATP 3-57.60, ATP 3-57.70,
ATP 3-57.80, ATP 3-60.
electromagnetic compatibility – (DOD) The ability of systems, equipment, and devices that use the
electromagnetic spectrum to operate in their intended environments without causing or suffering
unacceptable or unintentional degradation because of electromagnetic radiation or response. Also called
EMC. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38.
electromagnetic hardening – (DOD) Action taken to protect personnel, facilities, and/or equipment by blanking,
filtering, attenuating, grounding, bonding, and/or shielding against undesirable effects of electromagnetic
energy. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38.
electromagnetic interference – (DOD) Any electromagnetic disturbance, induced intentionally or
unintentionally, that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of
electronics and electrical equipment. Also called EMI. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38.
electromagnetic intrusion – (DOD) The intentional insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths
in any manner, with the objective of deceiving operators or of causing confusion. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38.
electromagnetic jamming – (DOD) The deliberate radiation, reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy
for the purpose of preventing or reducing an enemy’s effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum, and with
the intent of degrading or neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38.
electromagnetic operational environment – (DOD) The background electromagnetic environment and the
friendly, neutral, and adversarial electromagnetic order of battle within the electromagnetic area of influence
associated with a given operational area. Also called EMOE. (JP 6-01) See FM 3-99.
electromagnetic pulse – (DOD) The electromagnetic radiation from a strong electronic pulse, most commonly
caused by a nuclear explosion that may couple with electrical or electronic systems to produce damaging
current and voltage surges. Also called EMP. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38, ATP 3-05.11.
electromagnetic radiation – (DOD) Radiation made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and propagated
with the speed of light. (JP 6-01) See ATP 4-32.
electromagnetic spectrum – (DOD) The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity.
It is divided into 26 alphabetically designated bands. (JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-38, ATP 3-13.10.
electromagnetic spectrum management – (DOD) Planning, coordinating, and managing use of the
electromagnetic spectrum through operational, engineering, and administrative procedures. (JP 6-01) See
FM 3-38, FM 3-99.
electronic attack – (DOD) Division of electronic warfare involving the use of electromagnetic energy, directed
energy, or antiradiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading,
neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability and is considered a form of fires. Also called EA.
(JP 3-13.1) See FM 3-09, FM 3-38, ATP 3-13.10.
7 December 2015 ADRP 1-02 1-31