Professional JavaScript For Web Developers

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Chapter 2 } return iNum1 + iNum2 + iBaseNum; } return doAddition(); Here, the function addNumbers() contains a function (the closure) named doAddition(). The internal function is a closure because it captures the arguments of the outer function, iNum1 and iNum2, as well as the global variable iBaseNum. The last step of addNumbers() calls the inner function, which adds the two arguments and the global variable and returns the value. The important concept to grasp here is that doAddition() doesn’t accept any arguments at all; the values it uses are captured from the execution environment. As you can see, closures are a very powerful, versatile part of ECMAScript that can be used to perform complex calculations. Just as when you use any advanced functionality, exercise caution when using closures because they can get extremely complex. Summary This chapter looked at the basics of ECMAScript: ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ General syntax Defining variables using the var keyword Primitive and reference values The basic primitive types (Undefined, Null, Boolean, Number, and String) The basic reference types (Object, Boolean, Number, and String) Operators and statements Functions Understanding ECMAScript is an important part of <strong>JavaScript</strong> programming, which is why this chapter is perhaps the most important in this book. A good grasp of the core is vital to comprehending the rest of the topics in the book. The next chapter focuses on more of the object-oriented aspects of ECMAScript, including how to create your own classes and how to establish inheritance. 66
Object Basics ECMAScript objects are one of the unique (and useful) features of <strong>JavaScript</strong>. Chapter 2, “ECMAScript Basics,” introduced the concept that everything is an object, including functions. This chapter focuses on how to manipulate and use those objects, as well as how to create your own objects to add functionality specific to your needs. Object-Oriented Terminology ECMA-262 defines an object as an “unordered collection of properties each of which contains a primitive value, object, or function.” Strictly speaking, this means that an object is an array of values in no particular order. Although this is ECMAScript’s interpretation, an object is more generically defined to be a code-based representation of a noun (person, place, or thing). Each object is defined by a class, which can be thought of as a recipe for an object. The class defines both the interface of an object (the properties and methods that can be accessed by developers) as well as the inner workings of the object (the code that makes the properties and methods work). The compiler or interpreter uses the class to build objects according to its specifications. When a program uses a class to create an object, the resulting object is said to be an instance of the class. The only limit to the number of instances that can be created from a single class is the physical memory limitations of the machine on which the code is running. Each instance behaves the same way, but each can handle separate sets of data. The process of creating an object instance from a class is called instantiation. As I discussed briefly in Chapter 1, ECMAScript has no formal classes. Instead, ECMA-262 describes object definitions as the recipes for an object. This is a logical compromise for ECMAScript, because object definitions actually are objects in and of themselves (which I explain shortly). Even though classes don’t actually exist, this book refers to object definitions as classes because the term is more familiar to most developers and, functionally, the two are equivalent.
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Professional JavaScript for Web De
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Professional JavaScript for Web De
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Vice President and Executive Group
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Contents Acknowledgments Introducti
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Contents Scope 88 Public, protected
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Contents Simple Patterns 197 Metach
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Contents Chapter 10: Advanced DOM T
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Contents Chapter 14: Error Handling
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Contents Chapter 18: Interacting wi
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Introduction Although once supporte
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Introduction 2. ECMAScript Basics T
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Conventions Introduction To help yo
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What Is JavaScript? When JavaScript
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JavaScript Implementations What Is
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ECMAScript support in Web browsers
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What Is JavaScript? By creating a t
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The Browser Object Model (BOM) What
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Chapter 2 ❑ End-of-line semicolon
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Chapter 2 ❑ ❑ Pascal Notation
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 2 When a value is assigned
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 2 alert(typeof oTemp); aler
Page 48 and 49: Chapter 2 A few special values are
Page 50 and 51: Chapter 2 Converting to a string Th
Page 52 and 53: Chapter 2 The parseFloat() method w
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 2 This syntax is similar to
Page 56 and 57: Chapter 2 The toFixed() method retu
Page 58 and 59: Chapter 2 Next up is the concat() m
Page 60 and 61: Chapter 2 alert(oStringObject.subst
Page 62 and 63: Chapter 2 If you place this line of
Page 64 and 65: Chapter 2 The postfix increment and
Page 66 and 67: Chapter 2 1 0 0 1 0 (2 4 x1) + (2 3
Page 68 and 69: Chapter 2 var iResult = 25 & 3; ale
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 2 Note that left shift pres
Page 72 and 73: Chapter 2 In this example, a Boolea
Page 74 and 75: Chapter 2 Just like logical AND, if
Page 76 and 77: Chapter 2 Just like the multiplicat
Page 78 and 79: Chapter 2 var bResult = “23” <
Page 80 and 81: Chapter 2 operator to compare the s
Page 82 and 83: Chapter 2 if (i > 25) alert(“Grea
Page 84 and 85: Chapter 2 Labeled statements It is
Page 86 and 87: Chapter 2 The with statement The wi
Page 88 and 89: Chapter 2 For example: function say
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 2 The arguments object With
Page 92 and 93: Chapter 2 var doAdd = new Function(
Page 96 and 97: Chapter 3 The object definition is
Page 98 and 99: Chapter 3 Types of Objects In ECMAS
Page 100 and 101: Chapter 3 The Array object override
Page 102 and 103: Chapter 3 Push onto the stack top b
Page 104 and 105: Chapter 3 They wait their turns, ev
Page 106 and 107: Chapter 3 This line creates a new D
Page 108 and 109: Chapter 3 Method setFullYear(year)
Page 110 and 111: Chapter 3 This code outputs two val
Page 112 and 113: Chapter 3 Property Error EvalError
Page 114 and 115: Chapter 3 Here, Math.E is first rai
Page 116 and 117: Chapter 3 Scope Programmers in any
Page 118 and 119: Chapter 3 In this code, the functio
Page 120 and 121: Chapter 3 Some got around this prob
Page 122 and 123: Chapter 3 Car.prototype.color = “
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 3 } } Car.prototype.showCol
Page 126 and 127: Chapter 3 StringBuffer.prototype.ap
Page 128 and 129: Chapter 3 } } } return -1; This met
Page 130 and 131: Chapter 3 Summary ECMAScript provid
Page 132 and 133: Chapter 4 Shape Ellipse Polygon Cir
Page 134 and 135: Chapter 4 All new properties and me
Page 136 and 137: Chapter 4 The apply() method The ap
Page 138 and 139: Chapter 4 ClassB.prototype.name =
Page 140 and 141: Chapter 4 In ECMAScript, the class
Page 142 and 143: Chapter 4 } Rectangle.prototype = n
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Chapter 4 the limit in an effort to
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Chapter 4 Dynamic prototyping suppo
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Chapter 4 } } ClassZ.prototype.sayM
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Chapter 4 In this case, the supercl
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Chapter 4 Rectangle.prototype.getAr
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Chapter 5 Although originally creat
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Chapter 5 ❑ ❑ Code Maintenance
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Chapter 5 on the following line. Ne
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Chapter 5 alert("A is greater
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Chapter 5 Figure 5-2 The next tag i
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Chapter 5 The Browser Object Model
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Chapter 5 Frameset Example
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Chapter 5 ❑ resizeTo(w, h) — re
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Chapter 5 As mentioned previously,
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Chapter 5 To determine if the user
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Chapter 5 Books Be careful not to o
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Chapter 5 Here, the code uses linke
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Chapter 5 you want to track where u
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Chapter 5 This code writes a tag t
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Chapter 5 The method assign() accom
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Chapter 5 Property/Method Descripti
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DOM Basics The Document Object Mode
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DOM Basics Today XML is one of the
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DOM Basics The Document Object Mode
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DOM Basics The node is considered
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DOM Basics The W3C has also publish
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DOM Basics Checking the node type Y
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Accessing specific nodes You alread
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DOM Basics To access the element w
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DOM Basics You’re not done quite
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DOM Basics This sample page replace
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DOM Basics To get and set the src a
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DOM Basics ❑ ❑ ❑ deleteCaptio
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DOM Basics Document Element html El
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DOM Basics var node3 = iterator.pre
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DOM Basics Hello World! List i
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DOM Basics var oOutput = document.g
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DOM Basics necessarily mean that th
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Chapter 7 This regular expression m
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Chapter 7 var sToChange = “The sk
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Chapter 7 This code matches the let
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Chapter 7 Note that [a-z] matches o
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Chapter 7 You can read this regular
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Chapter 7 For the second regular ex
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Chapter 7 Expressions to match lead
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Chapter 7 In this, reRedOrBlack mat
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Chapter 7 Lookaheads Sometimes you
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Chapter 7 It is, in fact, easier to
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Chapter 7 reB.exec(sToMatch); alert
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Chapter 7 Common Patterns On the We
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Chapter 7 The isValidDate() functio
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Chapter 7 } } } bIsOdd = !bIsOdd; A
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Chapter 7 Validating e-mail address
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Browser and Operating System Detect
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The important things to note in thi
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Detecting Opera The simplest and be
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Depending on which browsers you pla
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All about Events JavaScript’s int
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All about Events document 3 bubblin
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All about Events Some have also cal
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Using this method of assignment, th
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All about Events var oDiv = documen
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Properties/methods Internet Explore
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All about Events Property/Method Ty
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Detecting Shift, Alt, Ctrl To detec
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Getting the target The object at th
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All about Events When the button is
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All about Events Using the mouseove
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All about Events if (oEvent.fromEle
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All about Events Event properties F
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All about Events ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Th
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All about Events The actual res
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All about Events window.onscroll =
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All about Events In the second part
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All about Events DOM Property/Metho
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All about Events }; } return oEvent
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All about Events oEvent.eventPhase
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All about Events } var oTextbox = d
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Chapter 10 CSS Style Attribute back
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Chapter 10 var oDiv = document.getE
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Chapter 10 This example passes the
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Chapter 10 ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ medi
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Chapter 10 In this example, three
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Chapter 10 } function getBackgrou
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Chapter 10 node in question. For ex
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Chapter 10 If you plan to use DOM r
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Chapter 10 Hello World oRange
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Chapter 10 ❑ setEndAfter(refNode)
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Chapter 10 Interacting with DOM ran
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Chapter 10 The following code accom
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Chapter 10 Comparing DOM ranges If
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Chapter 10 The closest thing to the
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Chapter 10 Comparing IE ranges Rang
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Forms and Data Integrity Form eleme
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Forms and Data Integrity Comments:
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Forms and Data Integrity //is the f
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You can actually mimic the behavior
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allowed in the text box. So to crea
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Forms and Data Integrity Select T
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Forms and Data Integrity }; } } } }
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Allowing/blocking characters in tex
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Forms and Data Integrity main diffe
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Forms and Data Integrity You must u
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Forms and Data Integrity You may as
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Forms and Data Integrity Because bo
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Forms and Data Integrity Even thoug
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Forms and Data Integrity This metho
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Forms and Data Integrity TextUtil.a
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Forms and Data Integrity The autosu
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Chapter 12 }; return -1; } else if
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Chapter 12 Smith Johnson Hend
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Chapter 12 This section of code cre
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Chapter 12 Smith John Johnson Bet
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Chapter 12 Last Name First Name
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Chapter 12 Creating a conversion fu
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Chapter 12 Using this methodology,
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Chapter 12 The concept Keep in mind
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Chapter 12 } }; if (vValue1 < vValu
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Drag and Drop One of the biggest im
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Drag and Drop } Try dragging th
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Drag and Drop function handleDragDr
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Drag and Drop In this example, all
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Drag and Drop This is essentially t
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Drag and Drop oEvent.dataTransfer.e
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Drag and Drop } } oEvent.srcElement
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Drag and Drop function handleMouseD
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Drag and Drop function handleMouseU
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Drag and Drop } return (iX >= iX1 &
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Drag and Drop The zDraggable object
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Drag and Drop position: absolute; l
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Chapter 14 some other reason, perha
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Chapter 14 Figure 14-2 The other op
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Chapter 14 The problem with IE/Mac
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Chapter 14 Figure 14-7 Opera 7 (all
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Chapter 14 In this example, an exce
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Chapter 14 Handling syntax errors T
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Chapter 14 Mozilla’s extensions t
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Chapter 14 Determining the type of
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Chapter 14 Note that the check for
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Chapter 14 Mozilla, Safari, and Ope
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Chapter 14 As you can see, this red
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Chapter 14 The last utility window
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Chapter 14 Figure 14-14 Foreground
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Chapter 14 Under each file (JavaScr
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Chapter 14 Figure 14-19 You also ha
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Chapter 14 Adding a watch adds a va
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XML in JavaScript With the rising p
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XML in JavaScript using the string
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Retrieving XML After you’ve gotte
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XML in JavaScript This line of code
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XML in JavaScript As long as you in
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XML in JavaScript Unfortunately, th
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XML in JavaScript try { var oXmlDom
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XML in JavaScript var oXmlDom = new
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XML in JavaScript Document.prototyp
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XML in JavaScript With this code ad
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XML in JavaScript }; } this.parseEr
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XPath support in IE Microsoft saw f
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XML in JavaScript XPathResult.ORDER
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XML in JavaScript If you feel like
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XML in JavaScript As you can see,
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XML in JavaScript Employees
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XML in JavaScript The setStartMode(
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XML in JavaScript var oProcessor =
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Chapter 16 Cookie ingredients No ch
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Chapter 16 The setCookie() function
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Chapter 16 } %> for (int i=0; i < c
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Chapter 16 The one restriction on s
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Chapter 16 Hidden Frames A trick th
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Chapter 16 } setTimeout(function ()
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Chapter 16 with the HTTP status of
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Chapter 16 Assuming that you have s
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Chapter 16 It also helps to have a
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Chapter 16 var oReader = new java.i
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Chapter 16 oConnection.setRequestPr
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Chapter 16 } else if (navigator.jav
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Chapter 16 }; }, 10); } else { aler
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Web Services In the past two years,
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Web Services xmlns=”http://schema
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Web Services The pertinent informat
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Web Services var oResult = window.e
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Enhanced privileges Contacting a di
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Web Services ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑
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Web Services Once again, the first
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Web Services } onError: function (s
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Web Services } else { alert(“Prox
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Web Services var oService = new Web
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Web Services This line of code crea
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Interacting with Plugins The Web is
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Interacting with Plugins ❑ ❑ Ac
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Detecting Plugins As with most Web
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Interacting with Plugins } document
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Interacting with Plugins if (naviga
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Interacting with Plugins Figure 18-
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Interacting with Plugins } } else {
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Interacting with Plugins } var oApp
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Interacting with Plugins This examp
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Interacting with Plugins The JSObje
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Interacting with Plugins Back to th
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JavaScript-to-Flash communication F
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Interacting with Plugins Flash Cons
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Interacting with Plugins on(release
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Interacting with Plugins Lastly
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Summary Interacting with Plugins Th
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Chapter 19 If all three of these co
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Chapter 19 The preceding code displ
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Chapter 19 If the script isn’t si
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Chapter 19 This example places the
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Chapter 19 alert(sJavaScriptHello);
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Chapter 19 takes for the script to
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Chapter 19 One of the best tools fo
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Chapter 19 Use array and object lit
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Chapter 19 (window) MyFirstName = "
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Chapter 19 Remember Computer Scienc
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Chapter 19 Keep these algorithms in
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Chapter 19 } iSum += aValues[i]; i+
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Chapter 19 iLoopCount = Math.floor(
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Chapter 19 JavaScript gotchas JavaS
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Chapter 19 Use array and object lit
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Chapter 19 Using the JavaScript com
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The Evolution of JavaScript So far
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The Evolution of JavaScript You wil
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The Evolution of JavaScript Types N
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The Evolution of JavaScript This cl
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The Evolution of JavaScript Note th
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The Evolution of JavaScript As you
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The Evolution of JavaScript var oXm
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The Evolution of JavaScript var oXm
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The Evolution of JavaScript If you
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The Evolution of JavaScript In the
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Index Index SYMBOLS + (add operator
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avoiding hard-coded strings, 569-57
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close() method of document object,
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Konqueror/Safari, 239-241 language,
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try...catch statement, 423-427 vari
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F factory paradigm, 90-92 findPlugi
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history of browser window, 148 of J
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XML DOM support in Mozilla and, 455
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getAllResponseHeaders(), 495 getCom
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findPlugin() function, 538 helper a
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parsing error description of, 412-4
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eferences to object, 69 referencing
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size of array, 71 slice() method Ar
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MIME type, 537-538 range collapse,
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vector graphics, 133 Venkman breakp
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Professional JavaScript For Web Developers

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