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“... reward farmers who manage the land most sustainably.” Kevin Sawford (rspb-images.com) 24
EU Environmental Law The Birds and Habitats Directives are a global gold standard in conservation. They confirm that cross-border cooperation is essential to deal with many environmental problems. However, not all EU environmental law is as effective as it could be. In other areas, it is clear that multi-national co-operation is helpful, but major reforms are needed: Common Agricultural Policy: EU farm subsidies are vital for farmland conservation. However, the system is mired in its history of production-based subsidy and needs reforming. Money available for transfer from direct subsidies (Pillar 1) to payments for good land management (Pillar 2) should be increased to 25% of the overall budget. This could provide almost £500 million extra every year for rural development. In the UK, the Government should transfer the maximum amount available in this Parliament to reward farmers who manage the land most sustainably. Emissions Trading Directive: The EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) has led the world in setting a price for carbon and an overall limit on industrial emissions. This reduces EU emissions while avoiding market distortion between Member States. However, far too many EU Allowances were released onto the market (initially for free) and too many offsets were allowed, leading to consistently low prices. Major change is needed to establish an effective and reliable market for carbon emissions. Left: brown hare in grassland. 25
Page 1 and 2: Defend nature How the EU nature dir
Page 3 and 4: Contents Foreword 5 Summary of reco
Page 5 and 6: Foreword The world’s most importa
Page 7 and 8: Summary of recommendations “ For
Page 9 and 10: “The robin: voted Britain’s nat
Page 11 and 12: Introduction: the laws that protect
Page 13 and 14: • Encourage good management of la
Page 15 and 16: Better for wildlife “ We focus on
Page 17 and 18: Some have also suggested that the a
Page 19 and 20: Nature and climate change Already,
Page 21 and 22: Better for people “ Biodiversity
Page 23: Andy Hay (rspb-images.com) “Peopl
Page 27 and 28: Better for business “ Industry an
Page 29 and 30: wide range of species. Changing the
Page 31 and 32: The myth of bats and newts Some spe
Page 33 and 34: Forward, not back “ Environmental
Page 35 and 36: In relation to European Protected S
Page 37 and 38: the Government should plan for enri
Page 39 and 40: kites. The Directives have also hel
Page 41 and 42: Conclusion From the warmth of watch
Page 43 and 44: to implement EU legislation in the

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