12 The Shortcomings <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sex</strong>ual Offender <strong>Treatment</strong>: Are We Doing Something Wrong? 275 Andrews, D. A., Zinger, I., Hoge, R. D., Bonta, J., Gendreau, P., & Cullen, F. T. (1990). Does correctional treatment work? A clinically relevant and psychologically informed meta-analysis. Criminology, 28 , 369–404. Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2004). Handbook <strong>of</strong> self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications . New York, NY: Guilford Press. Beech, A., & Fordham, A. S. (1997). Therapeutic climate <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fender treatment programs. <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 9 , 219–237. Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2007). Risk need model <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fender assessment and rehabilitation . Ottawa, ON: Public Safety Canada. Borduin, C. M., Mann, B. J., Cone, L. T., Henggeler, S. W., Fucci, B. R., Blaske, D. M., & Williams, R. A. (1995). Multisystemic treatment <strong>of</strong> serious juvenile <strong>of</strong>fenders: Long-term prevention <strong>of</strong> criminality and violence. Journal <strong>of</strong> Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63 , 569–578. Bourgon, G., & Armstrong, B. (2005). Transferring the principles <strong>of</strong> effective treatment into a “real world” prison setting. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 32 , 3–25. Burt, M. R. (1980). Cultural myths and supports for rape. Journal <strong>of</strong> Personality and Social Psychology, 39 , 217–230. Chambless, D. L., Baker, M. J., Baucom, D. H., Beutler, L. E., Calhoun, K. S., Crits-Christoph, P., Woody, S. R. (1998). Update on empirically validated therapies II. The Clinical Psychologist, 51 , 3–16. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 122 , 155–159. Dennis, J., Huband, N., Khan, O., Ferriter, M., Jones, H., Powney, M., Duggan, C. (2012). Psychological interventions for adults who have sexually <strong>of</strong>fended or are at risk <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fending. Cochrane Database <strong>of</strong> Reviews Issue: 12 . doi:10.1002/14651858 CD007507 pub2. Dowden, C., & Andrews, D. A. (1999a). What works in young <strong>of</strong>fender treatment: A meta- analysis. Forum on Corrections Research, 11 , 21–24. Dowden, C., & Andrews, D. A. (1999b). What works for female <strong>of</strong>fenders: A meta-analytic review. Crime and Delinquency, 45 , 438–452. Dowden, C., & Andrews, D. A. (2000). Effective correctional treatment and violent <strong>of</strong>fending: A meta-analysis. Canadian Journal <strong>of</strong> Criminology and Criminal Justice, 42 , 449–467. Dowden, C., & Andrews, D. A. (2003). Does family intervention work for delinquents? Results <strong>of</strong> a meta-analysis. Canadian Journal <strong>of</strong> Criminology and Criminal Justice, 45 , 327–342. Dowden, C., & Andrews, D. A. (2004). The importance <strong>of</strong> staff practice in delivering effective correctional treatment: A meta-analytic review <strong>of</strong> core correctional practice. International Journal <strong>of</strong> Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 48 , 203–214. English, K. (1998). The containment approach: An aggressive strategy for the community. Management <strong>of</strong> Adult <strong>Sex</strong> <strong>Offenders</strong>, Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 4 , 218–235. Fernandez, Y. M. (2006). Focusing on the positive and avoiding the negative in sexual <strong>of</strong>fender treatment. In W. L. Marshall, Y. M. Fernandez, L. E. Marshall, & G. A. Serran (Eds.), <strong>Sex</strong>ual <strong>of</strong>fender treatment: Controversial issues (pp. 187–197). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Fernandez, Y. M., Shingler, J., & Marshall, W. L. (2006). Putting “behaviour” back in cognitivebehavioral treatment. In W. L. Marshall, Y. Fernandez, L. Marshall, & G. Serran (Eds.), <strong>Sex</strong>ual <strong>of</strong>fender treatment: Controversial issues . London: Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Furby, L., Weinrott, M. R., & Blackshaw, L. (1989). <strong>Sex</strong> <strong>of</strong>fender recidivism: A review. Psychol Bull, 105 (1), 3–30. Gallagher, C. A., Wilson, D. B., Hirschfield, P., Coggeshall, M. B., & MacKenzie, D. L. (1999). A quantitative review <strong>of</strong> the effects <strong>of</strong> sex <strong>of</strong>fender treatment on sexual re<strong>of</strong>fending. Corrections Management Quarterly, 3 , 19–29. Gannon, T. A., & Ward, T. (2014). Where has all the psychology gone? Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19 , 435–446. Gendreau, P., & Goggin, C. (1996). Principles <strong>of</strong> effective correctional programming. Forum on Corrections Research, 8 , 38–41. Gendreau, P., & Goggin, C. (1997). Correctional treatment: Accomplishments and realities. In P. Van Voorhis et al. (Eds.), Correctional Counseling and Rehabilitation (pp. 271–279). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
276 P.M. Yates and D.A. Kingston Gendreau, P., Little, T., & Goggin, C. (1996). A meta-analysis <strong>of</strong> the predictors <strong>of</strong> adult <strong>of</strong>fender recidivism: What works! Criminology, 34 , 3–17. Hall, G. C. N. (1995). <strong>Sex</strong>ual <strong>of</strong>fender recidivism: A meta-analysis <strong>of</strong> recent treatment studies. Journal <strong>of</strong> Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63 , 802–809. Hanson, R. K. (1996). Evaluating the contribution <strong>of</strong> relapse prevention theory to the treatment <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders. <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 8 , 201–208. Hanson, R. K. (2000). What is so special about relapse prevention? In D. R. Laws (Ed.), Relapse prevention with sex <strong>of</strong>fenders (pp. 1–31). New York, NY: Guilford. Hanson, R. K., Bourgon, G., Helmus, L., & Hodgson, S. (2009). The principles <strong>of</strong> effective correctional treatment also apply to sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders: A meta-analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36 , 865–891. Hanson, R. K., & Bussière, M. (1998). Predicting relapse: A meta-analysis <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fender recidivism studies. Journal <strong>of</strong> Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66 , 348–362. Hanson, R. K., Gordon, A., Harris, A. J. R., Marques, J. K., Murphy, W., Quinsey, V. L., & Seto, M. C. (2002). First report <strong>of</strong> the collaborative outcome data project on the effectiveness <strong>of</strong> psychological treatment for sex <strong>of</strong>fenders. <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 14, 169–194. Hanson, R. K., Harris, A. J. R., Scott, T., & Helmus, L. (2007). Assessing the risk <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project (User Report No. 2007-05) . Ottawa, ON: Public Safety Canada. Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics <strong>of</strong> persistent sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders : A meta-analysis <strong>of</strong> recidivism studies. Journal <strong>of</strong> Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73 , 1154–1163. Hanson, R. K., & Yates, P. M. (2004). <strong>Sex</strong>ual violence: Risk factors and treatment. In M. Eliasson (Ed.), Anthology on interventions against violent men . Uppsala: Department <strong>of</strong> Industrial Relations. Hanson, R. K., & Yates, P. M. (2013). Psychological treatment <strong>of</strong> sex <strong>of</strong>fenders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 15 , 1–8. Kear-Colwell, J., & Pollack, P. (1997). Motivation and confrontation: Which approach to the child sex <strong>of</strong>fender? Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24 , 20–33. Kingston, D. A., Yates, P. M., & Firestone, P. (2012). The self-regulation model <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fender treatment: Relationship to risk and need. Law and Human Behavior, 36 , 215–224. Kingston, D. A., Yates, P. M., & Olver, M. E. (2014). The self-regulation model <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fending: intermediate outcomes and post-treatment recidivism. <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 26 , 429–449. Knight, R.A., & Prentky, R.A. (1990). Classifying <strong>of</strong>fenders. Handbook <strong>of</strong> sexual assault. Applied Clinical Psychology , pp. 23–52. Långström, N., Enebrink, P., Laurén, E.-M., Lindblom, J., Werkö, S., & Hanson, R. K. (2013). Preventing sexual abusers <strong>of</strong> children from re<strong>of</strong>fending: Systematic review <strong>of</strong> medical and psychological interventions. British Medical Journal, 347 (f4630). Laws, D. R. (1989). Relapse prevention with sex <strong>of</strong>fenders . New York, NY: Guilford. Laws, D. R. (1996). Relapse prevention or harm reduction? <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 8 , 243–248. Laws, D. R. (2003). The rise and fall <strong>of</strong> relapse prevention. Australian Psychologist, 38 (1), 22–30. Laws, D. R., & Marshall, W. L. (2003). A brief history <strong>of</strong> behavioral and cognitive behavioral approaches to sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders: Part 1. Early developments. <strong>Sex</strong>ual Abuse: A Journal <strong>of</strong> Research and <strong>Treatment</strong>, 15 , 75–92. Levenson, J., & Prescott, D. S. (2013). Déjà vu: from Furby to Långström and the evaluation <strong>of</strong> sex <strong>of</strong>fender treatment effectiveness. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sex</strong>ual Aggression, 20 (3), 257–266. Lösel, F., & Schmucker, M. (2005). The effectiveness <strong>of</strong> treatment for sexual <strong>of</strong>fenders: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal <strong>of</strong> Experimental Criminology, 1 , 117–146. Lowenkamp, C., & Latessa, E. (2002). Evaluation <strong>of</strong> Ohio’s community based correctional facilities and halfway house programs . Unpublished manuscript, Division <strong>of</strong> Criminal Justice, University <strong>of</strong> Cincinnati, OH.
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Pref ace It can be wise for a field
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Contents 1 Problems in the Classifi
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Contributors Adam J. Carter , Ph.D.
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48 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Certain pa
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64 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Importantl
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68 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. offenders
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72 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Conclusion
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74 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Babchishin
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76 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Grove, W.
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78 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Hilton, N.
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80 R.J.B. Lehmann et al. Pedneault,
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108 R.J. Wilson and M.H. Miner Conv
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110 R.J. Wilson and M.H. Miner Circ
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112 R.J. Wilson and M.H. Miner Visu
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130 R.J. Wilson and M.H. Miner King
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8 Responsivity Dynamic Risk Factors
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342 J. Tabachnick et al. Tharp, A.
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344 Index Adolescent sexually abusi
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346 Index Offense-supportive attitu
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348 Index Structured assessment of