Media-elite interactions in post-authoritarian Indonesia

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Bibliography Readers are directed to the Appendix for a full listing of editorials cited in chapters three and five. These are not separately included in the bibliography. ABC. 2008. “Indonesia rejects claims finance minister facing sack.” 28 October. http:// www.abc.net.au/news/2008-10-28/indonesia-rejects-claims-finance-ministerfacing/184826 (accessed 20 February 2011). ABG Nielsen. 2010. Newsletter Edition 1, January. http://www.agbnielsen.com/uploads /indonesia/agbnielsennewsletterjanuary2010-eng.pdf (accessed 5 August 2016). ABG Nielsen. 2010. Newsletter Edition 3, March. http://www.agbnielsen.com/uploads /indonesia/agbnielsennewslettermarch2010-eng.pdf (accessed 5 August 2016). Adil. 2000. “Badai belum berlalu, Gus.” 31 August: 4-6. Quoted in Rakyat Indonesia menggugat Gus Dur, edited by Arsyil A'la Al-Maududi. Yogyakarta: Wihdah Press. Aditjondro, George J. 2001. “Focusing on Bulog, Brunei scams.” The Jakarta Post, 10 January. Factiva. ———.. 2009. Membongkar gurita Cikeas: di balik skandal Bank Century. Yogyakarta: Galang Press. AFPR (Agence France-Presse). 1999. “Inefficiencies’ cost two Indonesian state companies 2.8 billion dollars.” 11 October. Factiva. ———. 2000. “Indonesia's Wahid accuses former news agency head of rule by terror.” 24 March. Factiva. ———. 2001. “Thousands take to streets of Jakarta over Wahid scandal probe.” 29 January. Factiva. AJI Indonesia. 2011. “Indonesia Dikepung Skandal: Apakabar Jurnalisme Investigatif?” Blogger, 19 April. http://ajipalembang.blogspot.com.au/2012/01/indonesia -dikepung-skandal-apakabar.html (accessed 12 March 2015). 318
Alderina, Gracia. 2010. “Konstruksi realitas peran Sri Mulyani Indrawati dalam persoalan bank Century di Metro TV.” Undergraduate Thesis, Universitas Kristen Petra. http://dewey.petra.ac.id/catalog/ft_detail.php?knokat=16768 (accessed 4 March 2015). Ali, Owais Aslam. 1999. “Moderator’s reflections on Dialogue 3, Professional ethics and freedom of the press.” In The Media and the government in search of solutions, edited by Wijayananda Jayaweera, 55-65. Jakarta: Office of the UNESCO Representative to Indonesia and the Philippines. Al-Maududi, Arsyil A'la. 2000. Rakyat Indonesia menggugat Gus Dur. Yogyakarta: Wihdah Press. Antara. 2000. “Jawa Pos sit-in the height of accumulated disappointment – Ansor youth chairman.” 8 May. Factiva. ———. 2000. “Association regrets sit-in at Jawa Pos.” 9 May. Factiva. ———. 2000. “House commission VIII to summon Ginandjar next week.” 3 June. Factiva. ———. 2000. “Gus Dur diisukan berfoto dengan wanita bukan muhrim.” 23 August. Factiva. ———. 2000. “AG urged to probe Gus Dur’s rumoured extra-martial affair.” 30 August. Factiva. ———. 2000. “Clarify Gus Dur-Aryanti scandal, Moslem women demand.” 6 September. Factiva. ———. 2000. “Anybody summoned by parliament must oblige, says House speaker.” 11 October. Factiva. ———. 2001. “PKB executive warns against manipulating masses on Jan 29.” 25 January. Factiva. ———. 2001. “Reform Faction retracts supports for president.” 1 February. Factiva. ———. 2009. “Inisiator Hak Angket Century Temui Gus Dur.” 28 November. http:// www.antaranews.com/berita/163611/inisiator-hak-angket-century-temui-gusdur (accessed 4 March 2015). 319
Page 1:
Media-elite interactions in post-au
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Für Oma, Opa & Ibu Yenny ii
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The dissertation’s focus on media
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2 Elite-media interaction during th
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Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations an
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Laskar Jihad Holy War Militia LPS L
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SK Taperum Surat Keputusan, decree
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Explanatory notes A note on Indones
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who served as the ARC’s administr
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Introduction Media freedoms are wid
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their own strategic objectives. Suc
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esearch material was derived from a
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into the scandal was accompanied by
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Keadilan is based on the fact that
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After unsuccessfully applying for a
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As the sole owner of Media Indonesi
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In 2001 Jakob Oetama stepped down a
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Tempo Media Group: Tempo and Koran
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critical, investigative and objecti
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establishes the value of scandal as
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pursue their causes. It establishes
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1 Democracy and the elite Introduct
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impose tighter scrutiny upon it. Du
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interests during Suharto’s New Or
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preferred a deal with Suharto’s f
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He then compares this definition wi
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Further evidence of the argument th
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classes, peasants, women or the urb
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elite thesis does not only resonate
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Suharto first nurtured factional ri
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The position of Golkar Chair, for e
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withdrawn by the Ministry of Inform
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oadcasting to private investment. I
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Table 1.1: Major media groups in In
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media empire to support the Prabowo
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Chairul Tanjung, whose company CT C
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presidential seat, Alwi Hamu became
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election of Miranda Goeltom as Bank
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ecame increasingly biased in favour
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The annual advertising expenditure
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[T]he mass media are drawn into a s
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media that provide the means and th
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identical interests (Sparks 2000: 4
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and trust are at stake.” 83 For M
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topic is a decisive point to sustai
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Conclusion This first chapter of th
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elationship with the media and over
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Jakarta Post, 16 June 2000). 87 Sin
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president, and that the media were
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damage, and caused the Jawa Pos to
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DPR. 102 The election outcome had d
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Cabinet dismissals and the disclosu
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I'm waiting for the formation of a
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political style, reputed cronyism,
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2.2 The DPR’s strategies The esta
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- have to decide on the amount and
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Wahid’s legitimacy (Republika, 1
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encouragement for the inquiry. 122
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2.3 The government’s strategies W
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members were involved in the arbitr
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December 2000). 126 The PKB members
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Golkar to open negotiations for com
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MPR, DPR and DPRD (The Jakarta Post
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not see any point continuing the me
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era, the executive, legislative and
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difficulties in engaging positively
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organisations were outraged over Ba
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cabinet while simultaneously insist
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frequently criticised and complaine
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Against this background Wahid’s a
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Conclusion This chapter has shown t
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3 The media’s role in Buloggate a
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espectively. Among those three news
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een handled by the DPR, it doubts w
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in case he really was allied with S
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questions the commitment of law enf
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That Media Indonesia sees the inves
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Furthermore, Surya Paloh did not ho
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According to Kompas (26 May 2000) t
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Kompas does not avoid criticising W
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The substance of Buloggate itself i
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For Kompas, the DPR’s decision to
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3.1.3 Republika: Anti-Wahid Overvie
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Both of these issues, long known as
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suggestion that Wahid step down fol
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How can it be that a president who
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While welcoming the DPR’s decisio
Page 177 and 178:
decided to replace Antara’s gener
Page 179 and 180:
legislators and ministers with a do
Page 181 and 182:
Jakarta Post, 7 September 2000; Det
Page 183 and 184:
line), in the amount of space, the
Page 185 and 186:
a political stunt and that Aryanti
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(Quodari 2001: 89). This explains t
Page 189 and 190:
the most anti-Wahid magazines (Copp
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3.2.3 Forum Keadilan Forum Keadilan
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PT Larsa, owned by Rahmat Ismail, a
Page 195 and 196:
egarded as a political tool of anti
Page 197 and 198:
profits indiscriminately.” 251 Id
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legislators to undermine the newly
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the bank’s closure during the pre
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governor, had authorized the bailou
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have their ‘parliamentary beat’
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whether media attention could be su
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The roots of this intra-elite strug
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and replacing them with Boediono an
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As these conflicts have shown it wa
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esumption, that prompted a free fal
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dominated policy-making and the wid
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Century scandal’s disclosure, hei
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also implicate President Yudhoyono
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an indicator of the support for an
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parliament (Inilah.com, 30 November
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14 December 2009; Republika, 18 Dec
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and the subsequent parliament plena
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Legislators were aware that televis
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In an effort to discredit Sri Mulya
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4.3 The government’s strategies E
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Sri Mulyani also denied rumours tha
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funds to Yudhoyono’s inner circle
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politicians, but instead ‘mood dr
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Aburizal Bakrie she could not risk
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Following Centurygate’s initial d
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Papers’ (Buku Putih). 331 Besides
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Anti-corruption fighters the calibr
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Century. Among other assertions, th
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Using the DPR as a forum, Yudhoyono
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5 The media’s role in the Bank Ce
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the 2009 elections (Mohamad, 18 May
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the president. Media Indonesia is c
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Disclose in order to confirm the is
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scrutinize the committee. For examp
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Furthermore, by heading an editoria
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welcomes the committee’s final co
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Meanwhile, the relationship between
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5.2 Kompas: Avoiding conflict and p
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Although writing in the next paragr
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During the course of the investigat
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y prejudice against key officials i
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justice, but also deal with other e
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coalition’s duty to support and t
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Kompas Gramedia Group (KGG) itself
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not fault the government’s bailou
Page 287 and 288: The public needs to be provided wit
Page 289 and 290: ecome a signal that paralyses the t
Page 291 and 292: President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Page 293 and 294: open the possibility of Vice-Presid
Page 295 and 296: case. However, Tempo particularly h
Page 297 and 298: ather than question the witnesses (
Page 299 and 300: investigation and resolution of the
Page 301 and 302: The president’s affirmation is im
Page 303 and 304: Ultimately, Tempo (14 March 2010b)
Page 305 and 306: That’s why, after observing the B
Page 307 and 308: Stating that “[t]hrough well-cont
Page 309 and 310: New Order and its ‘Berkeley mafia
Page 311 and 312: Bakrie as one of the biggest sponso
Page 313 and 314: eform and corruption eradication. B
Page 315 and 316: The prominence of mediated allegati
Page 317 and 318: authority of the parliamentary inqu
Page 319 and 320: explained through the shifting inte
Page 321 and 322: that the magazine has endorsed sinc
Page 323 and 324: their role as actors the owners or
Page 325 and 326: Appendix B Scandal disclosure (May
Page 327 and 328: 8 December 2000 Bertugas Kembalinya
Page 329 and 330: Appendix D Listing of all the magaz
Page 331 and 332: Appendix F Scandal disclosure (Augu
Page 333 and 334: 21 January 2010 Kewajiban Lapor Kek
Page 335 and 336: 16 February 2010 Akrobat Pansus 17
Page 337: 14 February 2010c Gertak sambal res
Page 341 and 342: ———. 2013. “Jakob Oetama: I
Page 343 and 344: BBC. 2000. “Wahid's masseur 'flee
Page 345 and 346: Butt, Simon, and Tim Lindsey. 2012.
Page 347 and 348: Detikcom. 2000a. “Tak Sendirian T
Page 349 and 350: Dhyatmika, Wahyu. 2014. “Who Owns
Page 351 and 352: ———. 2001. “Akbar disodok i
Page 353 and 354: ———. 2005.”Journalists in I
Page 355 and 356: Hewison, Kevin, Richard Robison, an
Page 357 and 358: Indonesia. 2001. Skandal Bulog-Brun
Page 359 and 360: ———. 2006. “Between the lin
Page 361 and 362: ———. 2000. “Presiden Ingin
Page 363 and 364: ———. 2009. “Hari Ini Tim Se
Page 365 and 366: Koridor.com. 2000. “Panji Bantah,
Page 367 and 368: Lull, James, and Stephen Hinerman,
Page 369 and 370: ———. 2000. “Repotnya kalau
Page 371 and 372: ———. 2009b. “Gugat Pansus A
Page 373 and 374: NDI (National Democratic Institute)
Page 375 and 376: Pemilu Indonesia. 2009. “Inilah T
Page 377 and 378: ———. 2000. “Kapolri Diperin
Page 379 and 380: ———. 2001. “Marzuki Darusma
Page 381 and 382: Saragih, Samdy. 2009. “Metro TV v
Page 383 and 384: Slater, Dan. 2004. "Indonesia's acc
Page 385 and 386: SWA. 2011. “Belanja Iklan di Indo
Page 387 and 388: .com/id/arsip/2010/05/10/LU/mbm.201
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———. 2014. “Indonesia media
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———. 2000. “Sapuan question
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———. 2001. “Everything will
Page 395 and 396:
———. 2009. “What's at stake
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Tokoh Indonesia. 2003. “Panda Nab
Page 399 and 400:
Vatikiotis, Michael. 2001. “Freed
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Wibisono, Adwin. 2007. “Don't rel
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