Makivik Magazine Issue 62

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FALL 2002 ISSUE 62 

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• ICC General 

Assembly in Kuujjuaq: 

Recognizing years 

of Circumpolar 

Exchanges 

• Air Inuit Specials 

• Dog Team Secrets 

• Saputiit Meets with 

the Elders 

• And Much more! 

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Serving the Inuit of Nunavik

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Makivik Corporation 

Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent 

and promote the interests of Nunavik. Its membership is composed of 

the Inuit beneficiaries of the James Bay and Northern Quebec 

Agreement (JBNQA). Makivik s responsibility is to ensure the proper 

implementation of the political, social, and cultural benefits of the agreement, 

and to manage and invest the monetary compensation so as to 

enable the Inuit to become an integral part of the northern economy. 

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Makivik Magazine 

Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik s Information 

Department. It is distributed free of charge to Inuit beneficiaries of the 

JBNQA. The opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of 

Makivik Corporation or its Executive. We welcome letters to the editor 

and submissions of articles, artwork, or photographs. Please include 

your full name, address, and telephone number. 

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Makivik Executive 

Pita Aatami, President 

Johnny Peters, Resource Development Vice-President 

Adamie Alaku, Economic Development Vice-President 

Anthony Ittoshat, Treasurer 

George Berthe, Secretary 

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We wish to express our sincere thanks to all Makivik staff, as well as to 

all others who provided assistance and materials to make the production 

of this magazine possible. 

gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t / Communications Officer 

øn dW3Dxl4 / Lisa Koperqualuk 

wk5t©o3tyº5 / Translation 

mE-yyx9 XC§3 / Marie-C cile Brasseur 

xi s4W4 / Annie Okpik 

µb csÜ / Martha Kauki 

çpx rosb6 / Harriet Keleutak 

? Wl3©5 / Eva Pilurtuut 

ñu Sgo4 / Sammy Putulik 

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Published by the Makivik Information Department 

P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, Quebec 

J0M 1C0 Canada 

sçMstz / Telephone: (819) 964-2925 

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Front Cover: Annie Gordon (right) of Kuujjuaq 

throat sings with Greenland Ladies. 

ISSN 1481-3041 

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ISABELLE DUBOIS 

Ì4fNi s9lt8i / This Season 

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There were recently several 

great gatherings of Inuit in 

Nunavik. Of much importance 

was the ICC General 

Assembly in Kuujjuaq last August, 

marking their th anniversary. 

There were tremendous 

exchanges of information 

between Inuit from all regions of 

the circumpolar world. 

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Chisasibi was wonderful! 

The th Elders Conference, with youth participation, was 

held in Chisasibi early in September. Inuit were greeted there with 

exceptional hospitality from the Cree. Meanwhile, the Eastern 

Arctic Music Festival took place in Salluit in late July, and the 

Arkpik Jam Festival delighted crowds in Kuujjuaq. 

The dilemma surrounding beluga management, which has 

kept many busy over the past few months, is a topic that we prepared 

an overview of, including different opinions from various 

people involved. With winter almost here, we have provided 

secrets from past Ivakkak dog team race participants for raising a 

good team. 

This new edition of Makivik Magazine also brings a few modifications 

to the layout design that we hope you will enjoy. We 

have a variety of smaller items of interest archived in our Nunavik 

Notes, and there is one important appeal in the youth section for 

the young: Nunavik needs more technicians in the construction 

industry. If you like science and math, then go for it! 

VICKY SIMIGAK

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Air Inuit Propwash 

4 

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FALL 2002 

ISSUE 62 

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8 

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Music Festivals 

14 

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ICC's th General Assembly 

18 

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Research Observations 

26 

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Dog Team Secrets 

36 

VICKY SIMIGAK 

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Relatives of the late Elijah Menarick accept his award of recognition during 

the Avataq Elders Conference in Chisasibi. 

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Beluga Whale Discussions 

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Nunavik Notes 

42 

46 

www.makivik.org 

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Youth 

56 

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WHAT IS THIS? 

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"Mystery Photo Contest” 

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Mystery Photo Contest 

Makivik Information Department 

P.O. Box 

Kuujjuaq, QC, JM C 

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BONUS PRIZES 

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baseball caps and T-shirts 

You could win $ 

if you guess what 

this mysterious picture 

is. Mail your 

answer to "Mystery 

Photo Contest" at 

the address located 

here. Good Luck! 

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Drawing will be 

held in Kuujjuaq on 

Friday, November 

, . 

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Joe Nungak of Kangirsuk 

won $ by correctly 

answering questions in our 

Reader's Quiz from the previous 

magazine. Other prizes 

were won by Paulo Tukalak, 

Elisapee Koperqualuk, Jacob 

Tookalook, and Jeannie 

Lucassie. 

MAKIVIK magazine 

3

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By Peter Horsman 


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Forthcoming Air Inuit Specials 

for Fall and Winter 

During various field trips and meetings throughout 

Nunavik it was requested that Air Inuit provide more 

advance notice of specials or seat sales such that individuals 

could better plan to take advantage of them. The following 

thus outlines the program between now and 

February , : 

• Pre-freeze Seat Sale: October - 

• Shopping Special: 

November -Dec 

• Christmas Special (Nunavik): December -Jan 

• Deepfreeze Seat Sale: January -Feb 

The foregoing will also be advertised in Nunatsiaq 

News. Please contact your local agent for further details 

including pricing and restrictions. Air Inuit will provide a 

similar schedule for the first eight months of early in 

the New Year. 

Scheduled Service 

Enhancements for 

the Christmas Period 

On a trail basis, during the month of December and 

early January, Air Inuit has planned to increase flights to 

accommodate the traditional increase in travelling. 

These will include: 

• An extra Dash flight between Dorval and Salluit 

each Wednesday: December th, th, th and January th. 

• An additional Dash flight on Saturday, December 

th. Stops will be added in Saniqiluaq and Umiuaq on 

this date. 

• On Sunday December , complete scheduled service 

to all communities. 

The foregoing scheduled adjustments will be advertised 

in Nunatsiaq News and on FM radio throughout 

Nunavik. Please contact your local agent for further 

details of these service enhancements. 

Many pleasant flights! 

AIR INUIT 

4



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Reservation Service 

Complications 

Please cancel your reservations if your travel plans 

change. One of our persistent reservation service complications 

remains reservations for which travellers do not 

show up. Failure to show up for a flight might be for very 

good reasons, such as a change in travel plans, illness or 

the like. Nonetheless, if prior bookings are not cancelled 

other travellers cannot reserve a seat, leaving them on 

standby status and creating uncertainty for all involved. 

For example, on one recent morning there were people 

reserved on AIL Flight (Dash ) but the aircraft left 

with only passengers — a no-show factor of %. The 

effect of this becomes more acute during busy periods 

such as Christmas. For the benefit of the travelling community 

we thus request that you respectfully notify Air 

Inuit if your travel plans change. 

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AIR INUIT 

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Flight Attendant Raina Lagopodis 

Canada Post Contract Signed 

The Board of Directors and the employees of Air Inuit 

are pleased to announce that a contract with Canada Post 

for the delivery of mail and food mail throughout Nunavik 

was signed in Montreal on September , . The contract 

is for an initial five-year period and includes a second 

five-year option for a total term of years. The value of 

the contract over the -year period will be approximately 

$,,. 


5



AIR INUIT 

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(Left to right.) Traffic Agent Jacob Mulucto with Cargo Agents Alec Quarak, Johnny Angatookalook, and Caleb Nowra pause for the camera. 


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Most notably, this contract marks the first time in the 

history of Canada Post that a contract has been signed for 

a -year time period. At the signing it was recognized by 

Canada Post officials that Air Inuit’s demonstrated ability 

to meet our commitments, to realize our promises and 

establish a reliable partnership, enabled Canada Post to 

consider the ground breaking -year term. 

Our congratulations and 

appreciation is extended to all 

Air Inuit personnel whose collective 

efforts pulling in the 

same direction enabled this 

good news. We particularly 

thank those departments 

directly involved with cargo 

operations and recognize their 

good work, which is often 

accomplished in difficult conditions. 

We also express our appreciation to the commercial 

department who negotiated the contract with the 

company’s long-term stability foremost in mind, particularly 

given the present instability in the industry at large. 

We also express out thanks to Canada Post for their confidence 

in our ability and our collective work ethic. We at 

Air Inuit will energetically endeavor, over the next 

years, to ensure that this confidence has not been misplaced. 

We wish you a good fall. 

AIR INUIT 

6

@% x3ÇAw5 yKixA5 

25 Years Ago 

vg5pctŒ8if5 vtmiz5 

fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz5 

yK9oÙ9lg3u vtmi7mEcMs3ymJ5 kN5yxü5ht4, 

WNhxDys2 WzJQo3bzî3tlQ5 xsA+t !(&&–u. 

Övi WNhxDy3u, vg5pctŒ5g5 kNø5 vtmpq5 

swmN3©ic3gu4 m3Îi4 s9li4 vtmicMsJ7uJ5 

sçAtc3t4 fÑ4f5 v?mzb ckwozstq8k5 

bm5hjz Ws9 !)!–j5. 

Ws9 !)! W?9oxJ5 

b3Cuo4 eu3Dxq5 eu3DymK5 wMq8i4 

kÌi4 scsyoEi3j5 Wd/oxaymJî5gi4 wk8k5 

ˆ7mQ/sic1qgi4. yK9oÙu, fÑ4f5 wobE- 

/c3iCMs3g5 wkw5 scsyzk9l wl3Dyzk9l 

WJ8NstQym/q8i4 Ö5hmi @))-#)) x3ÇAw5 

yKixA5 wobE/c1q¯3ht4 s9lu scsyK8kl 

wl3Dy5tk9l WJ8NstK8i4>. gzoc3ht4, wkw5 

whmQ/sicMzMs3g5 Wd/tA5 wà5gu4 

Ö/smAyc3lt4 "Amerinds" Ì8N scsy6 x9Mk5 

woztbs§at9lA. WzJc3ht4, wkw5 wMQ/sJ5 

xs9ñ3Xb fÑ4 b3Czk5 ˜Xgxu5 kN5yxu9¬î5, 

Ì4fx eg3zq5 wo8ixExcC/3g5 swAwtg5, 

bm4fxl wkw5 wo8ixtsŒ3gw5 bµi kNu 

iDxD8Nt9lQ5 scsyzb É2Xzi4 N9oxi4 

wo8ixAmZ/3m¯3u4. ybmc3ht4, Ì4fx Wdè5 

scsycMsJ1qg5 bm4fx wobE/sic3g5 wkw5 

tudtq5 WJ8Nstc3m¯b N9oxi4 scsy3u4 

xg3gns7m¯3u4 tudtui4 xsM5yAtc3lt4. 

x7ml5bs6, bm4fx wkw5 W+Nyq5 wkw5 

kNzî5g5 x7ml c9lˆ5 kNzî5g5 Ws9 !)!–j5 

xg3tbsZ/1q©t9lQ5 c9lˆî5gw5 x9M[q5. 

ra9oÙul, bm4fx kÌ5 >tusJw5> kwbsQxø5 

GxqctŒ8is2 xÌA5H s5©tQlA kNooµ5 v?mz5 

x7ml wo8ixioE[4 W[c3tyQxcMzMsJ5 

>xg3tbst5y?9oxlt4 swAwt©3iu4> x7ml bm8N 

bf8ˆbsicMsJ5hi 

x{[xlbsQxz 

xgo3tbsZhxo3tlA xqctŒ8i6 kÌaJ6. 

gnst4f5 vtmi6 

kNø5 gnstq5b vtmpq5 yK9oÙ9lg3u 

vtmicMs3yJ5 n9li Jä !(&&–u. b=Zi vtmi3u 

sçAtclxaxMsJ5 kNooµ5 tudtzi4 kwbs- 

JcChx3ixt9lA r=Zg3ixgu4 kNooµ5 gnstq8i4. 

bm4fx si4ÏbsymJ5 xgx3bsA8Ng5 s?i b3Co4 

y2t7WEFs5©WEFª[7WE kwb6 !@Fx9Mq5. 

NQIA Meeting 

The Northern Quebec Inuit 

Association (NQIA) held its firstever 

general meeting in the 

Northwest Territories, which took 

place during the third week of August 

. During the week, the joint community 

councils also held an emergency 

two-day meeting to discuss the 

Quebec Government's position on Bill 

. 

Bill 101 Events 

Taqralik Magazine reviewed some 

points of the then new language legislation that Inuit 

found to be unacceptable. First of all, Quebec was only 

recognizing original Inuit language and cultural rights of 

" to years ago" as opposed to "our language and 

cultural rights of today". Secondly, Inuit were to be considered 

in the law as "Amerinds", a term then used to 

describe the "Indians" of North America. Thirdly, if Inuit 

relatives moved to Northern Quebec from Labrador or 

the NWT, their children would have been obliged to study 

in French, while Inuit students already in the region were 

permitted to choose their second language of education. 

Fourthly, the law did not say that official Inuit organizations 

had the right to choose their second language of 

operation. Furthermore, it was looking as if Inuit businesses 

with operations in the North and in the South 

would have no exemption from Bill in their southern 

offices. Finally, it was intended that new "bodies" to be 

formed (under the JBNQA) such as the regional government 

and the school board, were obliged to "introduce the 

use of French" and this was seen as a possible impediment 

to the implementation of the new Agreement. 

FM Radio Meeting 

The first ever meeting of directors of the FM community 

radio stations took place in Salluit in July . 

One of the main topics discussed at the meeting was for 

the formation of a regional body to represent all FM stations. 

Details of these and other stories from a quarter century 

ago can be read in Taqralik, Sept. / Oct. / Nov. Issue 

/ Vol. two. 

9/11 w6vsmQ/sK6 / Remembered 

mr{[s2 WNh5tq5 ƒ0Jxul m8gpxul 

s9˜DMsJK5 y2t7WE !!, @))@–u xbs5yf5 

s9˜DubEx3ght4 w6vsmQx3ght9l W?9oxMsJi4 

x3ÇAMsJu xbsy3u. d[xh9lg3icMsJ1qvlx3ht4, 

vtstA8NyMsJ5 scsyc3ht9l hâ5 

W7mEsi3Xsm¯b wªy3u. 

Makivik staff in Kuujjuaq and in Montreal came in 

early on the morning of September , to eat 

breakfast together and remember the events of one 

year earlier. Although a sombre occasion, it was an 

opportunity to get together and reflect about what is 

most important in life. 


7

Wix3iK5 

øn dW3Dxl4, gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 

Piniarnivut 

Lisa Koperqualuk, Communications Officer 

wk2Wx5 xsM5yiq5 kNui 

Inupiat Aulatsiningit Nunamini 


8 

dW3Dxl7j5 - w3iCk5 - scst/sMs3ymZm, 

s9lu bµîZ/5/q9Mz Swpc3iqgx3X5. bm5huz 

gryoMsJKz, Ì8N Swp4 §3l ftt©3m5, 

wªy3Ìt5yps5hi. w˜isq©Mz5/q9Mz Öào- 

ZlxDm. Ì8N Swp4 wkw5 wªyoµ5yxzª3ymK6, 

Wbc3tyMs3m5 xgExooµi4, X6Ït5yAts5hi, 

wfmc3tyAts5hi, wq3CstosDts5hi, x8kÇosDts5hil 

iec3tyAts5hil. Ì8N w3iC 

Swpys3ymJ6 hDysi3ui5 kNuî5hi 

wªo3[Qym/3ui, x3[ø5 kNzi wk5Jx2 yeizi 

Öm S[3igox3ixoCu xÌbzl x˜hx6 xˆNzl 

el6r Ì?i wi9Mg[is7m†4. bm8N si4ÏbC 

W7mEsAtc3g6 Ì8N Swp4 ieQ/s7mE§a7m5 

sk3ink5 wk8i4 srs3bgusk5. x˜+vuo, Swp4 

W7mEsifzk5 wk2Wxk5 xyq8kl kNogò5 

wkdtq8k5 kw5yymMeJ5 bm5huz x˜+vus5 

kNogò5 SwpoEpq5b vtmpq8i4 !((%–u. 

Ì4fx x˜+vs2 SwpoEpq5 bm4fkz 

kNogò5 wkdtq8k5 wMsi3nsAtso3g6 W[5nj5 

gÇZos3ik5 grÌ3bsQxo8kl xg3ij5 

Swpu4. x7ml Ì8N µiv êtx9, 

SwpoEp4f5 S3gi3nq8k5 wMsJ6 

sçMsJ5hi wkw5 yM3Jxus5 

vtmp3Jxq5 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 ƒ0Jxu, 

Ì4fx SwpoEp4f5 W7mEsic3gu4 

x6ftQ/s§aK5 gipAts5ht4 Swº5 

cspm/sAygcq8i4 Nsoµk5 x7ml 

Wlx3gu4 s[4vk5. W[5ngc3ui4 

xsM5yisJ6 

W7mEsicq8NS6 

wk2Wxk5, csbµ5 wªyE7ms4 

yKi5nzªoz7ml. Ì4fx SwpoEº5 

WNhxZc§aK5 xyst5yÖo5ht4 Swps2 

xg3bsAygczi4 vJyt5yAts5hil 

yKi5nsix3gj5 xyst5Öot5yAts5hil Swpi4. 

W7mEsi3nsuJx9˜5, bf5nst5yicCu bm4fx wkw5 

xsM5yi3ns§aoExq5 W[5nsA8Ngi4, s5©tQlA 

Swpi4 x˜+vü5gi4. sk3gw5 x3ÇAw5 yKixA5, 

whmN3ymJ5nsq5g6 bfQxu4 wkw5 N7ui6 

LISA KOPERQUALUK 

DÉ €n8[x9b ª7us/6 

Roy Ashenfelter of Nome. 

As Qupirrualuk my Irnik told me, I would not be here 

today if it were not for the seal. Since that realization 

came upon me, the seal is as a god, the giver of my life. Let 

me not apologize for putting it this way. For the seal 

entered into every weave and stitch of Inuit life, by providing 

for most of the essential necessities; heat, light, 

transport, clothing, and food. My Irnik hunted for seal 

from his boyhood around close to the area where he was 

born, in the Arviliit way south of Inukjuaq and on to the 

north in Puvirnituq where his father Alasuaq and his 

mother Qiluqqi settled. The significance of this story lies in 

the fact that subsistence on seals is common among most 

Inuit in the Arctic regions. In Alaska, so important is the 

seal to Inupiat and other native groups that they created 

the Alaskan Native Harbor Seal Commission (ANHSC) in 

. 

The ANHSC allows the native groups greater participation 

in resource policy and decisions regarding the use 

of harbor seals. And for Monica Riedel, the Executive 

Director of ANHSC who made a 

presentation at the Inuit 

Circumpolar Conference in 

Kuujjuaq, it also acts as an 

important vehicle to pass on traditional 

knowledge of seals to 

the public and to the youth in 

particular. Control of one's traditional 

resources remains important 

to Inupiat, in their day-today 

lives and for their future as 

well. The Seal Commission's 

work prevents the loss of the 

traditional use of seal and 

ensures its continuation into the future and in the conservation 

of seals. More importantly, it demonstrates that 

Inuit control over the use of resources, such as the harbor 

seal in Alaska, has increased in practice. Decades ago it 

may not have been imaginable to see Inuit themselves

Wix3iK5 

Piniarnivut 

tAux3ic3tlQ5 bm5hjz grÌEAtsA8Ngu4 kru4¡ 

#) x3ÇAw5 yKixA5, x˜+vs2 kNogcq5 

ñMcMs3ymJ5 sNb3bui4 xsM5yQx9MDm5ht4 kNui4 

W[5ndtui9l. !(^)–5 WQx6vust9lQ5 cspo3g[î5 

xbs5yƒcbsqQxu4 §aJk5 bm4fkz 

x˜+vs2 mò1axtq5b vtmpq8k5 x7ml x˜+vu 

s/C8ix†5 vg5pctŒ8izk5, xgc5bDmt9lQ5 kNu4 

NJ3bsJu4 kNogc3k5. Ì4fx sc3ymJ5 xyq9l 

Wix3ioEpsJ5, bm4fx kNogò5 wkdtq5 x˜+vu 

WJ8Nstc1qQxq5 kNj5 x7ml rNgw8N6 ®Ns/- 

os3tsZhx3g¬8î5 W?9oxt5yA8Ng5nst9lA kNu4. 

ho x5pŒqg5 vg5pctŒ8isJ5 bm4fkz wk2Wxk5, 

x9Mk9l x¬yxusk9l vtMs3ymJ5 !(^^–u 

kw5yht9l x˜+vu kNogò5 wMŒndtzi4; x7ml 

bm4fiz X3NbsmJi4 kNu4 xgDmstk5 dx3tbsdp5ht4, 

Wd/os3bsdp5ht9l v?mgc3tA5 

wi9äAtsix3gi4 kNÌChxDtq8i4 x˜+vs2 

kNogcq5b wkdtq8k5. bm8N xbsysozi6 

xsM5èJ7mEsymK6 Öm >kNËozJi4 dx3tbsJc3ixo3m5>. 

bm5hms2 yKixA5, kNogò5 

gryix3[sc5bym5/q5g5, W?9odtÌMs3ymZt9l 

W+Nyi5 W[5nÌc5bymJi4 kNu4 xg3iuA5 NÔtiuA9l. 

Ì4fx xyxk5 ª5tbsgw8NExcc5bMsJ7uJ5 

yMÌius5 g5yC3iq5 W9lQ5 x7ml wªyc3ht4 

mrbZhxAt5nc5yxq5ht4. 

b=Z !(&!–aogx3m5, Ì4fx x˜+vs2 

kNogcq5b WZhx3bq8i4 wi9äAtk5 Wdè5 

vJytbsMs3ymJ5 Ì5hjz i4n8 v?mzk5. bm5huz 

WA8NyZhx3ht4, x˜+vs2 kNogcq5 cutEMs3ymJ5 

WZhx3boµui4 Wtbs5ht9l §3l x˜+vs2 kNz 

dosqZ3gi4 x[5ymtbsAi xbsy9lxu4 xro3bsht9l 

R(^@.% uox8ÌMi4. do9l m3Dli4 

tusJi4 kwbsJc3ymJ6 xsM5yix3tlQ5 bm4fiz 

wi9äAtsymJi4, Öm5ãN6 mr{[4 fxS‰n8 kwbsym7m5, 

ryxi do9l m3D¬¯3ht4. vNbt©qg6, 

wl8âtA5 xq7mEstc5/q7mb wi9äAtu9¬î5 

kNc6ÏymJw5 wkdtq5 wMQ5hQ5 x[5gymJw5 

N9oq8i, Ì4fx x˜+vs2 kNogcq5b xqctŒAtQym/q5 

wozic3ymJ5 x5pŒqgk5 

kNogc3k5 mfiz xbX+v8, wk2Wx5, roq5, ƒtx4 

x7ml x¬yx8, Ì4fgx5 ÖZlx3hQ5. bm8N ÖàoymK6 

wMztÅZlx6, x˜+vs2 kNogcq5b wkdtq5 

kw5yA8Nymizk5 wMŒnstu4 WNhxD8Ny5ht9l 

Ì5huz5ãN6 gÇZc3ht4, x5pŒqgi4 whmcstZlx3ht4. 

x˜+vs2 kNogcq5b xqctŒAtz5 x6ft- 

Q/symJ6 xqi3nu4 w7uiei3nsA8NMe5ht4, 

Öm5ãN6 Ì4fkz èu+ Ñul fÑ4 b3Czil 

xqctŒ8izk5 Öà5tbsymZ5b kN[7u. ryxi, 

bm8N Wix3ioEi3tA5 w7uie9MECb1qgA5. 

WJ8Nyx3Nq8inü5ht4, iWc3ym1qNu4 rN4f5 

kNzªD8Nm¯b, kNogò5 WJ8Nstq8k5 xWEs†5 

grÌ3bsymJ5 kNÌChx3ij5 wi9äAtk5 x7ml 

x3ÇAw5 raixA5 Öm grÌD8NyoMsJ5 rN4f5 ck3l 

W?9oxt5yA8Nm¯b kNui4 nS5pA8Ny5ht9l 


holding such decision-making power! 

Only years ago, Alaskan Native groups won a battle 

to regain control over their land and resources. In the 

early s they found themselves at odds with powerful 

groups such as the Alaska Sportsmen's Council and the 

Alaska Miner's Association, who insisted on access to the 

use of land occupied by the native people. According to 

them and others in political circles, the native people of 

Alaska had no rights to land and any individual or commercial 

interests should be allowed to develop that land. 

Yet, various associations of Inupiat, Indian, and Aleut 

regions united in forming the Alaska Federation of 

Natives; and demanded that any plans for use of land be 

frozen, and that legislation be passed at the federal level 

to settle land claims of the native people of Alaska. Such 

€9KEx5 ºv2n8 N5ybQx9Mui4 trs5pJ6 

Alfred Jacobsen hauls in another seal. 

unity proved to be greatly influential and a "land freeze" 

was imposed. In the past, native groups were not being 

consulted, nor would they receive benefits from the businesses 

that were most gaining from the land they used and 

occupied. They were also at great risk of being relocated 

because of outside demands and lived mainly in poor 

economies. 

Eventually, in , Nixon's government passed the 

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA). To accomplish 

this, the Alaska Natives extinguished all of their 

claims and received one-ninth of the state's land plus 

$.-million in compensation. Twelve regional corporations 

were set up to administer the settlement, not unlike 


9

Wix3iK5 

Piniarnivut 



10 

Wsygc3ui4. grytbsQxMsJKz Dx xn8[x9gj5 

ª7usj5 ƒ0Jxu, x˜+vs2 kNogcq5 xqct- 

Œ8icMs3tNQ5 wo8ix[5ncChxEx6 W[c5yx- 

D8Nym1qg6 wk2Wxusk5. bm4fx wk2Wx5 

>x5pQ/s5yxgu4> W[c3tbsA8Nc5bymJ5, ryxi 

x5hJ7mEsMsJZu4 wr5gi4 ryxi wo8ixym- 

Jc3ymMsJ6 - x5hw©Qxc3ymJw5 s{?¬8î5 

wMc5yxD8Nlt4 S3gi3nu4 wo8ixAmicgxDt4. 

Öm !(&)–5 x3ÇAq8îo3tlQ5 xy5pX9oxoMsJ5 

W[5nc3insA8No3ht4 S3gi3nu4 wo8ixD8NExu4 

Öm WJ8Nyx3insA8Nixo3mb wk2Wx5, 

WNhZcD8Ni3nso3ht9l S3gi3ni4 WNhZ3i4 gry- 

?9oxo3ht9l kw5y?9oxExu4 N7ui6 v?m5nui4. 

Ì8N Dx scMsJK6 wµ4, >...N7ui6 grÌEc5bDm5hb, 

wh3Ec5bDm5hb grÌEZhxoD5b Wâlb5ti4, 

N7ui6 wkdt5ti4 WNhZ3Ìt5yA8Nhb x[5y- 

A8Nhb¬8î5.> Ì8N scMsJ7uJ6 doi4 x3ÇA3gymiC3hi 

grosEZhxExu4 Ì4fiz xqctŒAtsymJi4, 

x7ml xuh7mE8i4 n1zc5bExcym5hi 

Ì4fNi #)–symJi4 x3ÇAi. Wix3ioEi3tA5 

w7uieJ5nsm¯b xWEstsq8N©Zlx6, bm4fkz 

wk2Wxk5 WJ8Ny/sAmt9lA Ì4fkz xqctŒAt- 

Qym/q8k5 WJ8NytbsMs3ym1qgu4. 

wkw5 yM3Jxus5 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5, 

xbX+v8us6 kNogcsJ6 sçMsJK6 bm8N yKi5nK5 

r5yhx3hw5, xfr5g6 x?l/smÔ/3g6 ey7u4 w8i[7j5 

Kitsisuarsuit, Greenland framed by a drying sealskin. 

btcExcMz7m5 w7ui3hD8Ni3u4, yKo3yQxc- 

MzgxDt4 N7ui6 v?mc3iƒExcMzZu4. s5gCstc3hi 

wk8i4 xg3tyJi4 WJ8Nstui4 

w7uieA8Ni3j5, Ì8N scMsJK6 vJy5yxymiq8i4 

Ì4fiz x˜+vs2 kNogcq5b ckwqyx3ioEpq8i4 

X5/c§ao3mb R@)) uox8ÌMü5gi4. bm4fx 

yKo3tQ/slxaxg5 kNc6ÏymJw5 wkdtq8k5 

sc§ao3mb, rNu9¬î5 sb6rQxc5/q9MA5 w7ui3hD8NstÌChxoD5b, 

bm8N WJ8NstQZ5tA. Ì4fx 

x˜+vs2 kNogcq5b xqctŒAtQym/q5 x7ml 

x˜+vu kNogò5 SwpoEpq5 ryxi m3Îht4 

s5gCstQ/s7mt4 xg3tyAts5ht4 WJ8Nstzi4 

w7ui3hD8Ni3j5. sk3y?9oxt9lQ5 wk2Wx5 

W/5nui4 WNhx3gw5, bm8N x6ftQ/sJ6 N7ui6 

v?mÌChx3Xoxi3j5 kwliryxisANsMzo3g6. 

N5y[i3g˜6ft5 x˜+voxoD[5 wk2Wxi¡ ■ 

Makivik Corporation, except that there were of them. 

Unlike Canada, which does not have any overall treaties or 

settlements with aboriginal groups within any province, 

the ANCSA actually encompassed a variety of Native 

groups such as the Athabaskan, Inupiat, Klingit, Kodiak, 

and the Aleut, to name a few. This was due, in part, to the 

ability of the Native people of Alaska to form a federation 

where they could work toward the same goal, notwithstanding 

their differences. 

ANCSA has served as a vehicle for greater self-determination, 

much as the James Bay and Northern Quebec 

Agreement (JBNQA) has allowed us in Nunavik. However, 

and it has not meant full political autonomy either. 

Having been at a disadvantage, since they had no say as to 

who could come on their lands, the question of native 

rights was resolved by the land claims settlement and in 

the years preceding it they could then make choices as to 

who and how they could develop their regions and protect 

their customs. And as Roy Ashenfelter of Nome explained 

to me in Kuujjuaq, educational opportunity prior to 

ANCSA was quite low for Inupiat. Inupiat had "equal" 

opportunity, but because of poverty there were very few 

educated Inupiat; one had to be rich or have good connections 

to get a higher education. Then the transition from 

the s brought about better opportunities for secondary 

education. There came to be more skilled 

Inupiat, filling more positions of higher management, 

and gaining the understanding of building 

self-government. As Roy said, "To make our own 

decisions, to be comfortable with resolving our own 

problems, to hire our own people, to fire our own 

people." According to him, it took years to interpret 

the ANCSA, and there have been many challenges 

since the past years. The question of political 

autonomy is still at large, with Inupiat hoping to 

achieve it in the manner that the ANCSA has not 

fulfilled. 

At the Inuit Circumpolar Conference this year, 

an Athabaskan Native stated that the future 

depends on self-determination, that taking charge 

would be through self-government. As an example of a 

people making use of their right to self-determination he 

spoke of the success of the Alaska Native Health 

Consortium (ANHC), which was formed in . This consortium 

took over what had been administered by the 

Federal Health Service at a $-million budget. Indeed, as 

the key leaders of many aboriginal groups are saying, we 

do not have to wait for anyone to give us self-determination 

— it is our right. The ANHC, and the Alaska Native 

Harbor Seal Commission, are but two examples of Inupiat 

exercising their right to self-determination. As more and 

more Inupiat become involved in the running of their 

affairs, the course toward self-government is inevitable; 

the course may not be straight, but it is up to us to build it 

too. And when you travel next to Alaska, make sure you 

get to taste their natsiq! ■

Wd/oEi3u4 cspQx9MD†5 

x9Mb[iq5 ÷nM8 ÙEx5, Wd/oEps2 

WxC3u4 nS7ui3j5 

Legal Tips 

By Jocelyn Barrett, Lawyer 

Child Support 

dwqoÖ5, w7jw5, Ñº5, WxCs2 x8kÇq5... wl8Nt4 

®Ns/3gN3gmExlw5. 

wk©lt4 xzJçE/sA[5 WxC3j5 tAux3bk5 

WJ8Nstc3St5 WxC3j5 nS7u/sAtÌD8NExu4 xzJçE/sÔ2 

É2Xzi5, Ì8N WNhZcgx3X5. Wdè5 mo5hQ5, bmq4 

xzJçE/sÔ4 gi3DyQxc§aQxø4, xgi5 mo9lt4 

®Ns/oxE§q8i4, eg3zub WZ5nq8ªozJi4. 

xzJçE/sÔ2 É2Xz WxC3i4 wvJ3ycbsAm1qX5 

®Ns/3tA5, xWEJ5nsKt5 w6vgwp4fi4 WxC3j5 

nS7uAtÌDmlt5. Ì4fx Wd/i4 cspm/sdpA†5 yKixA5 

sç/sJcMsJK6 Ì4fx bmq4 xzJçE/sÔ4 

xtosExc3iq8i4 wªo3[zb Nlâ3bsmAtq8i4. vttbsm1qgu4 

xÌbQ/sJu4 xtos3gc1qX5, Ì5hms2 xtz 

kwbixqg6 WxCs2 wªo3ymizb wobE/sAtzi. Öm 

xÌbQ/sÔ2 wobE/sAtzi4 hot5yQxcoC/3St5 Wd/tA5 

x©ti5tA5 g5yCMs3N4 ho WxCs2 nS7u/smAt5nq8i4. 

g5yCstos3ymoD[5, Ì8N w6vgwp7mE4 grÌ3ixg6 

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mo9lQ5 sk3ioxE/symJ5 Ì4fkz 

fÑ4f5 v?mzk5 Régie des rentes du Québec–fk5. 

grÌ3bsJc3ymogx3X5, fÑ4f5 ®Ns/o- 

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tAyA8Nc5bix3g5 xzJçE/sÔ2 ®Ns5/ñq8i5 

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wo8ªylQ5. 

xuhk5 gryi3lbsm§aZlx3tlA, bm4fx WxC3u4 

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grÌ3bsymJ3tÅ3g5 s{?¬8î5 x9MymJ3tA5 

xqctŒAbsmJ3tÅ3g5 ÉEo #), !((& raixA5 

Ì4y/3bs§a5/A8âg5 s{?¬8î5 xrøJj5 „3y[s§aA8âht4. 

WxC3u4 tAuxgxD[5 xzJçzbl É2Xz 

WNhZcgx3X5, woChQxc5/q9Mt5 g5yCD8NyxC[5 WxC3u4 

nS7uiAt5ni4. 

xzJçE/sÔ2 É2Xzl xqctŒA8NqgxDt4 WxC3u4 

nS7uAt5nËozJj5 x7ml Wd/tA5 g5yCChxDmA[5, 

scom[cD8NSt5 Wd/k5 wvJ3y[s2 x9M[zk5, scomctc3lt9¬î5 

Wd/oEpu4 vmQ/c§u4 wMŒ5 Wd/o- 

E/sAtq8i4. ■ 

Diapers, milk, babysitters, baby clothes... it all costs a lot 

of money. 

If you are a single parent and your child is in your custody, 

you have the right to receive child support from the 

other parent, if he or she is employed. According to the 

law, both parents must contribute, each according to their 

financial means, to meet the needs of their children. 

If the other parent refuses to contribute financially to 

meet the needs of your child, you should make a request 

to the court for child support. In a previous legal tip, the 

importance for both parents to sign the declaration of 

birth was stressed. If the unmarried father does not sign, 

his name will not appear on the child's act of birth or birth 

certificate. You must then prove the father's identity 

through legal proceedings before making a request for 

child support. 

Once you make a request, the judge will set the 

amount of support based on the needs of the child. The 

amount of money each parent can afford to contribute 

will be considered, as will the amount of time the child 

spends in the custody of each parent. You can get a good 

idea about the amount you should be receiving as child 

support by completing the government form for determining 

child support (available at the Legal Aid office). 

Parents can, however, agree to an amount of child support 

that is higher or lower than the amount indicated in the 

table. You should have this type of agreement ratified by 

a judge. You can also request that the 

amount of child support be automatically 

indexed annually according to the rates 

set by the Régie des rentes du Québec. 

Once a judgment is made, the 

Québec Ministère du Revenu will take the 

amount of child support directly from the 

other parent's paycheque once or twice 

every month and then forward it to you. 

Contrary to popular misconception, child support 

payments are not considered as taxable income. Child support 

payments made under a judgment rendered or a written 

agreement entered into after April , are no 

longer taxable for the recipient or deductible for the 

payer. 

If you have custody of your child and the other parent 

is employed, do not hesitate to demand child support. 

If you cannot come to an agreement with the other 

parent on child support and would like to take legal procedures, 

contact the Legal Aid office if you are eligible, or 

contact a lawyer specializing in family law. ■ 


11

wr3Cz 

STAFF 

wr3Cz 

STAFF 

WNh5†5 

WNh5†5 

CORNER 

CORNER 

Ìk9 Ax5 • Donald Watt ¥M u3exÔ6 • Sheila Makiuk lw+ SÉ¥ • Louise Boiss 


12 

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x©tM3iq8i4. 

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ek[cDmKz wMsi3nsc5bd9lQ5 yKi5ti 

wªy5tA5 Wsi3nu4 WZhx3iu4 WNhx3gk5 Wlx3gu 

eg3zK5 W5JtQlQ5 bm8N WZhQxcC5tA> 

¥M u3exÔ6 

¥M u3exÔ6 d[xhAtc7mEMsJK6 mr{[f5 

®Ns/oE[z8i x9MtQ/sixo3hi WNh5tÌaQxui4 

s4gWE !-at9lA. mr{[f8k5 WNhQx1zMEy- 

Ms3ymZlx3hi ª[7WE @))!-u WNhZ3u 

s9lom3ysts1qgu4 WNh5tsy5hi ryuo 

Donald Watt 

Donald Watt's double-duty position at Makivik is as a 

Liaison Officer/Economic Development Officer, as he 

works in both the President's Department and the 

Economic Development Department. Originally from 

Kuujjuaq, he has worked for the Corporation since March 

, . 

His main assignments these days are for the 

Offshore/Labrador/Cree negotiations. He sits as an 

Alternate Member to the Nunavut Planning Commission, 

and Nunavut Water Board and Nunavut Impact Review 

Board. He is also a Landholding working group representative/coordinator 

and the project coordinator for the 

Family Budgeting Workshops to be held in Nunavik. "You 

have to be dedicated to the task at hand," he says. 

Most of all, he enjoys working towards a better future 

for the people of Nunavik. Donald's personal goal is to 

earn a university level education. Hs is very interested in 

politics and technical issues and he hopes to see self-determination 

for the people of Nunavik in the future. 

Donald realized that there were typically very few 

Inuit representatives present when it came time to discuss 

technical issues, which is something that he strives to 

improve. Finally, he comments, "I ask our fellow Inuit to be 

more involved at working toward a better future, especially 

for the sake of our children." 

Sheila Makiuk 

Sheila Makiuk was very happy to be hired on with 

Makivik as a Clerk for the Finance Department last 

October st. She actually began with the corporation as a 

part-time employee back in November and started 

full-time last April as a summer student. During that period, 

she has completed tasks for the Communications 

Department, the Finance Department, the Income Tax 

Project, the Construction Division, the President's Office, 

as well as taking reception calls on the front desk. 

As a true ambassador for Nunavik, she has provided 

information to the public at events such as the First 

Peoples' Festival and National Aboriginal Day activities in

WNh5†5 wr3Cz 

Staff Corner 

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lw+ SÉ¥ 

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gnsmNhxDti9l xyui9l sçctcD8NyxExc3iq5 W7mEs7uht4. 

lw+ x3ÇAi xuhAl8i N7ui6 Wd/oEi3u4 WA5pi3u4 

WNhZc3[sJu WNhÜ8NymJ6 xyq8il WQs3ym/c3hi 

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µ8Nsizi yKicDtc3g6 grymi3ÌExDmi3ui4 cspmi3ÌÔuZ/3bui9l 

wozJi4 s9lusJ6 to/smAtQ/q8k5. 

Montreal. "I tell people about our culture 

and how we balance the traditional and 

modern worlds. I like to eliminate stereotypes 

about Inuit, such as how we 'still all 

live in igloos' or 'all get around on dog 

teams'," she says, "I also make people aware 

of the problems we face, such as the high 

number of suicides among the young people." 

Sheila has also participated at the Inuit 

Circumpolar Conference in Kuujjuaq last 

summer as an observer for the youth as 

well as an assistant to Makivik's 

Communications Officer and writing for 

the Makivik Magazine. Further to that, she 

has helped to carry the workloads of her 

Makivik colleagues such as with payroll, 

invoice management, filing and other 

office tasks. These multiple tasks have benefited 

her in that she has become more 

informed about the many responsibilities 

and procedures of the corporation. 

While working full-time for Makivik, 

she is also assisting Nutaaq Media on a 

video being produced for the Kativik School 

Board. Besides people skills, she finds it 

necessary to be organized and energetic. 

"Most of all it is important to have a positive 

attitude," she says with an infectious 

smile. 

Louise Boissé 

Louise Boissé is Makivik's newest 

Attorney to the Legal Department, having 

started to work there last April st. Her 

duties include drafting contracts and other 

legal documents, as well as providing legal 

advice for the corporation. She says an 

attorney needs skills to become informed 

about matters at depth. It is important to 

be thorough in this kind of work. 

Furthermore, one should be well organized 

with very good communication skills. 

Louise had several years of private law 

practice as well as other experience in business 

administration before joining Makivik. 

She has also studied accounting at the 

Université du Québec à Montréal. Her wish 

is to see continued competent self-administration 

for the people of Nunavik. 

Meanwhile, one of her personal goals is to 

acquire more knowledge and understanding 

regarding all issues that she is called 

upon to deal with. 


13

gn3i÷3iu5 W1axi3Jx6 


n9li i5/l5Ìg5 @))@–u 

Salluit Music Festival 2002 

Sgo4 woy5©2 si4Ïbq5 xWE/s5hi +†? f÷hj5 

By Putulik Ilisituk from an interview with Stephen Grasser 


14 

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Ì5hm Ntz Wâl5yÜ8NMsJ7uJ6 SJEiosÜ8NoMsJ7m5 

bZ csyo3tgw8NhA ckwMsJA8âuJ6. 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

Salluit readily welcomed the coming of the music festival 

that is now held regionally every two years in Nunavik. 

The location had been decided two years previously at the 

Inukjuak Music Festival, which was where the first ever 

Nunavik-wide concert was held back in . This summer 

was the third for Salluit, where it was previously hosted in 

and . Now everyone felt it was time again to 

play host to the five-day northern style music concert, 

from July th to th. 

Local residents organized the Eastern Arctic Music 

Festival that invites accomplished and aspiring Inuit performers 

with exceptions from outside. The core funding 

was obtained from the Katinniq Trust, the Nunavik 

Tourism Association, and Makivik Corporation. As well, 

they raised a large sum of money through selling admission 

tickets, food, and souvenirs. The total cost of the 

event came close to $, , which was used for travel, 

performer fees, accommodations and other associated 

expenses. The Salluit Music Festival Committee proudly 

hosted the concert and 

thanked Air Inuit most of all for 

making the event possible. 

Performers and other people 

came from Nunavik and 

Nunavut by plane, while others 

from nearby communities also 

came by boat and canoe to 

attend. The concert, which has 

grown considerably, took place 

at the local hockey arena. Local 

workers transformed the 

cement-floored building into a 

concert hall by installing everything 

from concert lighting to sound systems (which were 

ordered just before the show) and elaborate decorations. 

The floor itself started out to be a problem in that the 

place became quite dusty, but the floor was dampened and 

thus the problem was fixed.



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All in all, about people alighted upon the community. 

It also coincided with the annual Kativik School 

Board Teacher Training Program that took place in Salluit 

and that also had many participants. The town's population 

swelled to about at the time of the event. 

The opening ceremonies had prayers and speeches by 

Mayor Qalingo Angutigirk and Master of Ceremonies 

Putulik Papigatuk, who was also an organizer. Performers 

came from Grise Fiord in the High Arctic to Sanikiluaq, 

Cape Dorset to Umiujaq, as well as other places. Long time 

singers Jobie Arnaituk from Kangirsujuaq and Etuluk 

EVA PAPIGATUK 

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The dust was no problem for dancing after the floor was dampened. 

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ystooµk5. ■ 

ÔW x3âg6 vq3hJx3us6 frbX5g do9l m3Dli4 x5hô1u4 

Jobie Arnaituq of Kangiqujuaq strums a 12-string guitar. 

Etidlole from Kingait delighted the crowds with their 

songs, among others. Cree dancers and fiddler Eric 

Shesamush from Kuujjuaraapik lightened up with their 

own brand of lively tap dance music. Grise Fiord singer 

Larry Audlaluk with his wife Annie sang tuneful Gospel 

songs. As well, singers who had recorded CDs performed, 

from Quaqtaq's Johnny, Lizzie, and Rhoda to Ivujivik's 

Louisa Kanarjuaq and Iqaluit's Jacoposie Tiklik and his 

wife. Two television crews; TNI and IBC filmed, as well as 

an independent film producer from the south. 

There were also other activities such as the picnic on 

Salluit Island for which boats and canoes were provided to 

carry participants. Alongside the concert there was also 

the shop that had people selling their wares upstairs in the 

arena. Each member of the festival organizing committee 

had a task and had about a year's preparation in raising 

funds. They invited about musicians from across the 

Eastern Arctic and a couple of performers from the south, 

who provided sweet music to the ears of all. ■ 

EVA PAPIGATUK 


15



x3W4 ÷7 @))@: gñ3i÷3tyJ5 

i5/l5Ìt5yht4 

Arpik Jam 2002: Pleasing all Tastes in Music 

¥M u6rxÔ2 x9Mbq5 

By Sheila Makiuk 


Awox7 bA3ˆ6 gn3i÷3tyJ6 gn3Êx3gymJi4 i5/l5ÌDyoxEym/3ui4 i5/l5Ìhi 

William Tagoona serenades the audience with one of his own popular numbers. 



16 

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- d[x§tcMsJ7uJ5 x3Wu4 &–Q/so3gu4 x3W4 ÷7 

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d[xQ/c3tbs5ht4 xoxh5typk5 w1qtk9l 

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bfQs3Ngw9l W1axc5bMsJK5. i5/l5Ìt5yc5bMsJ5 

Ö5hmib3il s9luib3il, vb5/gw9l, eMs5/gw9l 

This past August, all in the span of one week, Kuujjuaq 

hosted the ninth General Assembly of the Inuit 

Circumpolar Conference, an international youth conference, 

an elders' conference, daily traditional workshops, 

games, and a film festival. During the same week — 

adding to all this hustle and bustle — they also celebrated 

the cloudberry with its seventh annual Arpik Jam Festival. 

VIPs, delegates, observers, and staff of the conferences, 

(and let’s not overlook the Kuujjuamiut who worked and 

accommodated these related guests) all got a chance to sit 

back and unwind after a hard days work and enjoy the 

sights and sounds of the entertainers and musicians from 

all over the circumpolar world. 

There were both recognizable and fresh faces from 

all over the Arctic who took the stage. The festival was a 

fusion of traditional and modern music, from throat 

singing, drum dancing, and accordions to hard rock, country 

music and dancing.



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Jk5. 

Familiar Nunavimmiut performers included Zebedee 

Nungak and his wife Jeannie, William Tagoona, Angava, 

Beatrice Deer, Edward Snowball, Elisapee Isaac, Charlie 

Adams, the POV Throat singers, Salluit Band, Kuujjuaq 

Youth Group, and the sibling trio Johnny, Lizzie & Rhoda. 

International performers included from Fali Kliest, Aavaat 

Choir, Chilly Friday, the Olsen Kids (who were a smash hit 

with the younger audience with hip-hop techno dance 

music and Inuttitut lyrics), Northern Lights, Aklavik Delta 

Drummers, and Sun Dogs. The Barrow Dancers, the 

Aasiaat Folk Dancers and the Labrador Drummers invited 

spectators to join in, which made it all the more exciting. 

When that opportunity arose, the courageous ones got on 

stage and danced with the entertainers. 

VICKY SIMIGAK 

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Local children enjoy the show. 

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ckw5ggw8Nk5 wk8k5. mm3nigw8NsMsJ5/q5g6 

x3Wi4 ryxi5bs6 ˆ7moMsJ7uJ6 d[xQ/cExu4 

i5/l5Ìt5yJi4 ckw5ggw8Ni4. ■ 


sN x˜+vus6 wªh5gxWs5hi Ìiy3t xJá5gmExl4¡ 

This young dancer from Alaska is amazing! 

One of the stars of the festival was a young performer 

for the Alaskan Barrow Dancers. He was definitely 

the youngest entertainer at four years old, stealing the 

spotlight every time he took the stage to dance or to 

drum! 

Another highlight of Arpik Jam Festival was a fashion 

show. Designers Victoria Okpik, who graduated from 

Lasalle College in fashion design, as well as Victoria 

Gordon and Maggie Peters York (who are studying at the 

same institution), were the first to showcase their garments 

on the catwalk. Not only were their fashions chic, 

innovative, and sexy; they also incorporated materials 

applied in traditional clothes, creating a combination of 

the old and the new. 

While adults enjoyed the show, children had fun and 

games inside the rink. Kids stood in line for helium filled 

balloons, cotton candy, a ride down an inflatable slide, a 

chance to dunk a friend in a tank of water, and an opportunity 

to win stuffed prizes from carnival style games. 

This year’s Arpik Jam Festival was a success for all age 

groups. Not only was it a time to flavour the delicious 

cloudberries, but it was also a time of pleasure for those 

having all tastes in music. ■ 


17

Éy¥4f5 

dosqZ3©AtQo3bzi4 

vtmi7mEcMs3g5 ƒ0Jxu 

ICC's Ninth General 

Assembly, Hosted by 

Kuujjuaq 

ƒ4Jx2 s[Z3gdtq5 i5/l5Ì†5 

i5/l5ÌChx7mEMsJK5 

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x5pax9l gryix3bsi[iq9l 

WNh5bsmJ5 [r ¥uZ3j5 

The Kuujjuaq Youth Singers sang 

their hearts out to welcome delegates 

from all over the Circumpolar World. 

Photo and research by Vicky Simigak.

yM2Wzb si4vsyq5 

Cover Story 

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!(^)–ib3i4. x8kÇgc3i4 kxbsJcMs3im5 ƒ0Jxu5 

The ninth Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) General 

Assembly took place in Kuujjuaq from August th to th, 

making it the first time ever for an ICC general assembly to 

take place in Nunavik. It also marked exactly years since 

ICC was first formed to represent the Inuit from Alaska, 

Greenland and Canada. (Some will recall that the Inuit of 

Russia were not included when the June th, resolution 

was signed.) The big occasion was co-hosted by the 

Northern Village of Kuujjuaq and the Kativik Regional 

Government. Kuujjuaq welcomed over Inuit delegates 

into their brand new convention centre for the international 

event. The theme for the conference was "Inuit 

Voice: Enlightening the World", with a logo showing an 

Inuk standing over a traditional qulliq with arms spread 

out below a depiction of the circumpolar world. 

Dignitaries, musicians, elders and youth arrived from 

Russia, Alaska, the Canadian Arctic and Greenland. The 

main topics on their agenda included the United Nations 

and Human Rights, Land Claims and Self-Government, 

Environment and Sustainable Development, Inuit 

Communications, Inuit Language, and Trade and 

Development. A panel speaker was available from each 

country to speak on these topics. 

In keeping with the theme of the conference, the 

young voices of the Kuujjuaq Youth Singers opened the 

ceremonies with "Oh Canada", traditional throat singing, 

and the universal song, "We are the World", which moved 

everybody to join in. While the throat 

songs filled the auditorium, young throat 

singer Akinisie Sivuaraapik along with elders 

Isaac Padlayat and Lizzie Gordon lit the 

traditional qulliq — a part of the symbol 

for "Inuit Voice: Enlightening the World". 

The event was also an opportunity 

for an international Inuit elders conference 

along with an international Inuit 

youth conference. The Avataq Cultural Institute had a special 

exhibition at the Kuujjuaq Convention Centre displaying 

their publications, herbal teas and promotional sweatshirts 

for the Inuttitut language. Prior to the General 

Assembly, Avataq had made special photo prints of 

Kuujjuaq families from back in the 's. Traditional 

clothes that had been collected in the Kuujjuaq area back 

in the 's were also on display, giving a taste of 

Nunavik's history. 

The first day of the ICC conference began with customary 

welcoming speeches. ICC Chair Aqqaluk Lynge 

acknowledged the past accomplishments of the new territory 

of Nunavut, the land claims procedures of the 

Labrador Inuit, and the recent Sanarrutik deal with 

SAMMY KUDLUK 


19

Éy¥4f5 vtmi7mEz5 

ICC Assembly 


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Nunavik and the Government of Quebec. Kuujjuaq Mayor 

Michael Gordon, and Kativik Regional Government 

Conference Chair Johnny N. Adams approached the microphone 

with special welcomes. Then Makivik President Pita 

Aatami commented, as he was welcoming the participants, 

"As a people, we have evolved and continue to 

xfr5gus5 w1qtq5 gn3ˆt5yJ6 wk5Jxu srs3bgoµul kNo3JxactŒ5g5 vtmi3Jxzi 

The Greenland Choir entertained in Inukjuak as well as at the ICC Assembly. 

evolve in separate ways due to geography and specific 

relationships with nation states. It is extremely important 

that the ICC continue to thrive and carry on its mandate as 

the organization that continues to bind our heritage, our 

past, our future, and us — hopefully to evolve in areas of 

economic and political development as well. The ICC 

brings us unity and a chance to work together on projects 

that we find important, something that we do not have 

ample opportunity for because of geography. But we 

should not let this be an obstacle". 

Quebec representatives Michel Letourneau (Member 

of the National Assembly for the Ungava District) and 

Louise Harel (President of the National Assembly for 

Ungava) were among other government officials from the 

regions represented to address the assembly. They were 

both key in obtaining funding for the construction of 

Kuujjuaq's new convention centre. 

Between the unusual intense heat and humidity and 

the black flies in Kuujjuaq, delegates were able to carry on. 

Workshops were also provided for throat singing and 

drum dancing in the local Jaanimmarik School. The Avataq 

Cultural Institute used the occasion to launch a book entitled 

"Ethnology of the Ungava District, Hudson Bay 

Territory" by Lucien M. Turner who lived at Old Chimo in 

the s. 

The highly developed Greenland Choir also entertained 

the local people and ICC delegates alike. The choir 

also made a special trip during the General Assembly to 

Inukjuaq via a chartered aircraft to showcase their 

VICKY SIMIGAK 

20


ICC Assembly 

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sç[Q/six3tlA 

Greenlandic songs. Makivik Vice President Adamie Alaku 

accompanied them for the trip. The population of 

Inukjuaq was very moved by the choir, where many shed 

tears while listening to their songs in the local Anglican 

Church. 

The one-time-use cameras that were given to each 

delegate were a hit during the General Assembly. The cameras, 

including free photo development, were donated by 

First Air. This sponsorship of free cameras also gave a local 

business, Atjiapik Photo Shop, a welcome economic boost. 

On the Agenda 

Each day of the assembly opened and closed with a 

prayer, along with live theatrical or musical performance. 

Then came the speeches spelled out in the agenda, making 

plenty of work for the large team of translators. 

The first day of talks centered on the United Nations 

and Human Rights. Ole Henrik Magga is the Chairperson 

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New Clothing Designs 

on Display 

A fashion show of women's 

clothing designed by Victoria 

Okpik of Nunavik Creations as 

well as Victoria Gordon and 

Maggie Peters (supported by 

KRG) was a dazzling attraction 

for delegates during the ICC 

Assembly. The clothing, made 

VICKY SIMIGAK 

with animal hides from the 

North, was later even reshown 

at the Arkpik Jam festival 

due to popular demand. The designs by Victoria 

Okpik and Maggie Gordon were along the lines of 

sophisticated evening wear, while Victoria Gordon's 

were of the more trendy style, appealing to a younger 

audience. 

The designs were modelled by local Kuujjuaq 

ladies, while George Okpik acted as master of ceremonies 

at the ICC venue and Adamie Padlayat presented 

them on the Arkpik Jam stage. The ICC Assembly proved 

to be an ideal setting to display these garments, bringing 

the designs into an international spotlight. One main 

purpose of such a fashion show is display the new clothing 

designs that might attract clientele to place orders, 

thus creating earning opportunities for northern seamstresses. 

So impressed was Quebec National Assembly 

President Louise Harel that she expressed her wishes to 

have another fashion show of Inuit clothing at the 

National Assembly in Quebec City for the Inukshuk 

unveiling to celebrate the economic development agreement 

between Nunavik and Quebec. 


21


ICC Assembly 


22 

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VICKY SIMIGAK 

of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (ECOSOC). 

This body was established by the United Nations to discuss 

indeginous issues in relation to economic and social development, 

culture, the environment, education, health and 

human rights. He says the main reason that the UN established 

the permanent forum is because they have increasingly 

come to recognize the urgent need to take a more 

significant approach towards indigenous issues. He mentioned 

feeling comforted by the support of the ICC, as well 

as his optimism that things "are moving in the right direction." 

He represents not only the Sammi, but all Arctic 

peoples. 

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d9ou4 wr5yJ5 s4fwyi3u4 N9osic3tlQ5 

(Left to right.) Lizzie Gordon, Akinisie Sivvaraapik, and Issacie Padlayat light the 

qulliq lamp for the opening ceremonies. 

Ronald H. Brower from Barrow, Alaska made a presentation 

on Land Claims and Self-Government. The 

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) established 

the Foundation for the creation of native corporations in 

Alaska. They consist of regional corporations and three 

of Alaska's largest village corporations that strive to effect 

self-determination and the impact of taking control of 

their economy as a means of protecting themselves and 

what they own. Business leaders agree that the corporations 

created prior to the ANCSA play an increasingly 

important role in the economic development of Alaska, 

but have a much bigger role, because Alaska native corporations 

control much of the land and resources in Alaska 

and the native corporations act as custodians of the land 

as an "environmental conscience" within the state. Native


ICC Assembly 

Highlighting the third day of meetings, it appeared 

that there remains a strong leaning towards holistic 

approaches in leadership and development all over the 

North, where social and cultural structures are so dependent 

on its natural resources. This was especially apparent 

in presentations on the environment and self-government. 

Mary Simon, Ambassador for Circumpolar Affairs, 

said the Arctic has been established as a distinct region 

environmentally, economically and socially within the 

wider global community — hence the establishment of 

Canada's Arctic Council in . She stressed our country's 

commitment towards "environmental protection and sustainable 

and equitable development" in that the two agenkN[7usk9l 

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wà5gu4 Nordic Environmental Award. 

corporations provide jobs, revenue and commitment to 

the Alaskan economy and their cultures. 

On the other hand, the Government of Greenland has 

established a Commission on Self-Government. It believes 

that in any case a model should be pursued that is an 

"upper" group of options, since these options continued to 

recognize Greenlandic people as people with external selfdetermination 

under the international law. All of these 

rights could be sought through free association under the 

external self-determination banner. This avenue carries 

the additional benefit for future generations that they 

would continue to have access to other and more far 

reaching options. This includes, for example, full independence 

— if that were their choice. No matter which 

approach (namely negotiations or unilateral decisions) is 

taken before a final decision, they should be presented to 

the Greenlandic people through referendum for acceptance 

or refusal. 

Similar to this procedure, Nunavik had their own referendum 

in early May of to go ahead with negotiations 

with our own governments where the majority of 

the population voted yes to proceed. Negotiators have 

already been named from Nunavik, Quebec and the federal 

government and negotiations have already taken place 

based on the recommendations from the population of 

Nunavik. 

Îyxus5 vtm/3gympxq5 ˆM5yxChx7mE5g5 

Russian delegates listen intently. 

VICKY SIMIGAK 


23


ICC Assembly 

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das are combined. Interestingly, she remarked on social 

issues while speaking about the environment and sustainable 

development, mentioning the "ravages" suffered by 

northern communities such as violence, social dysfunction, 

poor health and suicide. 

Hans Enoksen, Greenland's Minister of Fisheries, 

Hunting and Settlements, also connected society and the 

environment. He explained that a core issue in Greenland 

is to ensure a sustainable development in society. Not only 

the environment, but also economic, social, cultural and 

educational matters are of great importance. Reflecting 

upon media criticism about hunting, commented, "We 

must protect nature, but at the same time we must also be 

able to continue to exploit nature in a sustainable way to 

support a modern economic and social development of the 

Greenlandic society.” 

ICC is recognized as a key voice when it comes to 

Our New ICC Chair 

On August th, when it came 

time to present nominations for a 

new ICC Chair, Sheila Watt- 

Cloutier was the only candidate, 

so she happily entered into the 

position by acclaimation. Watt- 

Cloutier, who is originally from 

Kuujjuaq, has been the President 

of ICC Canada since . The delegation 

followed a tradition by nominating a Canadian to 

the chair in that the position has rotated on a regular 

basis between the four member-regions: Alaska, 

Greenland, Canada and Russia. This year it was Canada's 

turn. Watt-Cloutier replaced Aqqaluk Lynge from 

Greenland, who formerly represented ICC internationally 

for six years. Delegates also decided to change the title 

for their international leader from "President" to "Chair". 



24 

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environmental protection. Problems in the fragile Arctic 

are respected as warnings to the rest of the planet to be 

more conscious of environmental abuse. The ICC environmental 

policy project, Inuit Regional Conservation 

Strategy (IRCS), was the first environmetal policy project 

of its kind, linking up geographically and ecologically similar 

areas in three different nation states into one policy 

region. Finn Lynge, Consultant for the Greenland Home 

Rule Government, lauded ICC's prestigous Global 

Award for outstanding work in the field of environmental 

policies, and their Nordic Environmental Award in . 

However, he commented that for the past years 

there has been an ongoing "trench war" between international 

nature conservation organizations and the Inuit 

world (traditional knowledge). He suggested that the


ICC Assembly 


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Everyone joined in for the closing ceremonies. 

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g5yxi4f5 wk5t©3hi Öm kbsyoDtsixo3m5 

iEs8iz8i4 kN3JxusactŒ5gk5 wk8k5. 

Wsyc§gcsZu4 kN[7u kNo8i iE7µt5yoMsJ5 

xoxhxt5yic‰gx3mb. ra9ou vtmi7mEcõ3uJ5 

x˜+vü9lt4 @))^–u. ■ 

Inuit should become more open to "public exercises of selfcriticism." 

With a view to ethical hunting practices, he 

commented, "We will get nowhere just proceeding with a 

self-righteous rhetoric." 

The conference theme also encouraged international 

Inuit to persevere and carry Inuttitut to the next generation 

of Inuit children, which is especially important for 

Alaskan and Chukotka Inuit whose languages are nearly 

extinct in their home countries. Jana Harcharek from 

Barrow has been working at preserving and perpetuating 

the Inuqpiaq language in Alaska all of her professional life. 

"Indications are that the language is dying," she reported, 

"Our youngest speakers are in their s and getting older." 

Among other challenges she has faced, at one point the 

Alaskan Inuit have had to go to court over an "English 

Only" law. 

There was further discussion about the possibility of 

having a common writing system for Inuktitut, addressed 

by Aqqaluq Lynge of Greenland and Eva Aariak of 

Nunavut. This, it was realized, would not be a simple feat. 

It was foreseen that it could create complications from 

division among the Inuit to the danger of losing words or 

phrases unique within the context of specific areas. 

Delegates and Kuujjuamiut alike were also 

privy to an Inuit trade show on display at the 

Kuujjuaq Forum during each day of the week. 

Booths from different circumpolar organizations 

were set up on the ice surface area exhibiting 

such things as promotional publications, arts 

and crafts, and storybooks. It was the best possible 

illustration of the Assembly's final discussion 

session — "Trade and Development". Clint 

Davis from the John F. Kennedy School of 

Government summarized the "Nation-Building" 

model of economic development as a possible 

approach for the circumpolar world. The model 

includes three key ingredients; sovereignty, 

capable institutions of government, and a cultural 

match. "Economic development is essential 

for Inuit to build strong, viable communities 

that ensure a vibrant culture and society for 

future generations," he stressed. 

The discussion culminated with a -point "Kuujjuaq 

Declaration" which will serve as a guide for the ICC activities 

into the next few years and beyond. The closing ceremonies 

were a proud occasion for all Inuit. Many delegates 

commented that this was the best ICC closing ceremony 

ever. The Greenland Choir opened the floor with their 

usual prestigious Greenland Inuit songs, followed by the 

Kuujjuaq Youth Singers, the Labrador Drum Dancers and 

the Alaskan Drum Dancers. While singing a spiritual song, 

an Inuk elder closed the ceremony with a fruitful prayer in 

Inuttitut providing a renewed hope for international Inuit. 

A customary community feast of Nunavik delicacies was 

provided after the entertainment. The next General 

Assembly is to take place in Alaska in . ■ 


25

cspZhx3[u4 eu3Di6 


wcl2„5 hA8Nq3g5 byv9Mu 

x9MbsJ5 wnWx9 ƒ†j5, ßmJoEpj5 

Arctic Char Demise at Tasikallak 

By Isabelle Côté, Wildlife Veterinarian 

TOMMY GEORGE ETOK 

WNhbsmEQxcMsJK5 wcl2W[î5 #))) szÌi5g5 byv9Mu 

It was a big job to clean up more than 3000 arctic char at Tasikallak Lake. 


Jä *–u, kN[s2 cspZhx3[zb cspn3tq5 

r9oyixd/sMsJK5 xuhi4 wcl8i4 

gdC3go[ist9lA byv9Mu $@.% rMübi4 b3Cj5 

szy8io7u4 vq3hxl5Jxu5. #))) szÌk3gi4 

wcl2Wi4 S5bht4 gdzJi4 Ni/sJcMsJK6 

byzb y5/zi w6vzi9l. cspZhx3[s2 WNh5tq5 

kx5yoMsJK5 wcl8i4 wm3ul cspnC5ni4. 

wcl[î5 cspn3bsQx3gMsJ5 xs9Mtbs5ht4 sKz 

Marine Bioscience in Nova Scotia ª?yƒnü5gj5 x7ml 

wà5 xs9Mtbst9lQ5 sKz Aquatic Diagnostic 

Services of the University of Prince Edward Island–j5. 

ei3t4 kNu4 tAux3tf5 WNhx3tyoMsJ5 

wcl[i3i4 „è5ht4 by3u5 x7ml ãA3b¥5ht4 

€Exzi4 wcl8k5 wt3[sŒ4ft5nu4. 

wcl[î5 yMÌA9l wlxA9l eu3D/soCu4 

bf/sJcMsJ1qg6 m3ii4 w7mAtsymA8Ngi4 

h4fN3gcDtsA8Ngi9¬î5. ÖàoMs3ym1qizk5 

On July , researchers from the Nunavik Research Centre 

were dispatched to investigate a report of numerous fish 

mortalities at Tasikallak Lake . km northeast of 

Kangiqsualujjuaq. Over arctic char were found dead 

floating around the edges of the lake and on the bottom. 

The Research Centre staff collected fish and water samples. 

The samples were respectively sent to the Institute of 

Marine Bioscience in Nova Scotia and at the Aquatic 

Diagnostic Services of the University of Prince-Edward 

Island. The Qiniqtiq Landholding Corporation took the initiative 

to remove all the dead fish from the lake and build 

up a fence to block the entrance of the lake from fish coming 

in from the bay. 

Thorough external and internal examinations of the 

fish did not detect any lesion's that could be related to 

infectious or toxic causes. Due to the history of the case 

and the absence of other lesions, two hypothesis regarding 

26




xyq8il m3ic1q©Jc3tlA, m3Îi4 whm- 

Q/sJcChx3gcMsJK6 ck6 gdC3g[isANs7m¯b. 

bm4fx wclw5 gdAN[isJ5 WD3gè5 

WDlx3ymifq8k5 s{?¬8î5 wmz xi3ic5yxD8âg[isizk5. 

bm4fx WD3gè5 by3ü§gcsK5 xqiq5 

urJ7mEsA8N§5 wm3u S5bgw8Nht4 s{?¬8î5 

xqJx¬gxCu4 wms2 w6vzi WD§a7uht4. bm4fx 

WD3gè5 h4fND8Ny§5 xqlxv9MogxCu4, Öm 

wm3ügoµu4 xi3iu4 tAMgw8NixoCu4, s{?¬8î5 

kw5yht4 h4fN3gi4. 

WD3gè5 WD3gmEsgxDt4 Öµgw8ˆD8NC/qg5 

x7ml WDMeymgw8NExc3ht4 ƒ8iz¬8î5 yM¬8î5 

WD3g/c3iz¬8î5 WD3XoxJc3iz¬8î5 mo5hQ5. 

bm4fx xbs5yf5 W?9oxicogxCu4 WD3gè5 

hv5gmE7u4 WD3Xoxy§5. ryxi h4fN3gbø5 WD3gè5 

Wbc5yx§aqg5 wm3u bEsaqgu Wbc3ins§a5ht9l 

bEs3u kwbsA8N§a5ht9l nlà5gk5 

Gmfkz WD3¥º5 f[C3b[iq8k5H. 

cspn3bsJcMsJK6 Övi Institute of Marine 

Bioscience–u ei3ht4 bys2 WD3g/q8i4 Wbc3m¯b. 

h4fN3gi4 xJá5gi9¬î5 WD3g/i4 Ni/sJc- 

MsJ1qg6. ryxi wm3i4 cspnC5ni4 kxbsJcgw8NExc3g[i6 

WD3gè5 xysJw8N[ist9lQ5, Ì8N 

€M8 yx7WxM WD3g/i4 cspn3tmEsJ6 Institute of 

Marine Bioscience–u scMs3m5 ÖàoAN[isq8iê5hi. 

xyxA5 gdC3g[isgw8NExc3uJ5 xi3ic5yxq8ij5. 

®N2XymQxcMsJ6 wAN3ix¬7m5 

Face masks were worn due to the stench. 

byv9M xqÔ9lx/q5g6 wclc3hil xuhZM8i4. 

srsaogx3m5 yfz w5JJ7mEs§aZu 

xi3iÌ5yx§aANsqg6. srsfÌlxaogx3m5, xuh7m- 

Es5ht9l wclw5 by3üg5, xi3ioµ6 by3üg6 

xi3tE/sgw8NExcC/3uJ6. xqi3ã5 wclw5 

xi3icExc3ins§5 uri3ni5 Öà7m5 yK9oXs5ht4 

gdCy§a7mb. eu3D/symo3gw5 s9luj5 tr5hA 

bf8ˆhQ5, bm8N gdCDt[isgw8NExc3g6. 

cspZhx3[s2 x9M[z cspnEx9Mah5g5 sW3znso3uX5 

r9oyixEx3glt4 ckwoAN[is7m¯b. 

ckw9lxgu4 by6 xi3ic3m¯5 cspn3bsMs3g6 

sW3¯aMs3gu x7ml x5pŒ8ic3m¯b eu3D/s˜3ht4 

bys2 xi3izb ckw9lx©izk5 wm3bo3Xb yf4f5 

Sgwlt4 sW3znso3uX5. 

kN[s2 cspZhx3[zb x9M[z Nf3üDmJ5 

vq3hxl5Jxusi4 wvJ5yxMsJ7mb bm5huz 

r9oyix3ic3tlb. ■ 


the moralities were made. The fish either died by causes 

related to an algae bloom or due to lack of oxygen. 

Algae are naturally found in lakes. They occur in a size 

range from tiny cells floating in the water column to large 

mats of "macroalgae" that grow on bottom sediments. 

Algae may become harmful if they occur in an unnaturally 

high abundance, which then consume all the oxygen 

present in the water, or if they produce a toxin. 

The causes of an algae bloom can be complex and 

often involve a number of natural factors such as changes 

in hydrology, weather, or limnological and biological conditions. 

When the right factors that happen to favour the 

accelerated growth of algae species are present, a simultaneous 

algae bloom will result. Toxic algae blooms are, 

wcl[ixlw5 

One of the piles of dead fish. 

however, very rare in freshwater and are much more common 

in the sea were they are sometimes related to pollution 

(such as run-off of agricultural facilities). 

Very precise tests were performed at the Institute of 

Marine Bioscience to detect whether any algae were present. 

No toxic or unusual algae could be detected. But it is 

possible that the water samples were collected after all the 

algae had already disappeared. Dr Allan Cembella, Algae 

Specialist at the Institute of Marine Bioscience, said that 

this situation was, however, unlikely. 

The second possibility is that the mortalities could 

have been caused by a lack of oxygen. Tasikallak is a small 

lake and is inhabited by numerous fish. During winter, the 

thick ice cover restrains any fresh oxygen from entering 

the system. During a particularly long winter, with the 

presence of high numbers of fish in the lake, all the oxygen 

present in the lake can be consumed. Bigger fish need 

more oxygen than smaller ones and as a result will die first 

due to lack of it. With all the analysis that that has been 

done so far, this possibility appears to be most likely. The 

Research Centre is planning more studies next spring to 

investigate this hypothesis in more depth. Oxygen measurements 

in the lake were taken this summer and will be 

compared to oxygen levels via a hole drilled through the 

ice next spring. 

The Nunavik Research Centre also wishes to thank 

people from Kangiqsualujjuaq who were very helpful in 

helping us in carrying out this investigation. ■ 


27



xbsy6 r4Z[4 x8NymJ6 

One Gyrfalcon Survives 


PETER MAY 

sW3znsMs3guFsW3åMs3gu m8ii4 t9oZ3†5 

bfp/sMsJK5 ƒ4Jxu ybmsJ1qZ3gi4 r4Z“5 

m8iq8i4 xs9MspZh5tlQ5 yM3Jxu bm4fx ßmJw5 

kaw8Nvn8isht4 v2WxN3gü8iC3bsmJ5 is3Dbs§a7mb 

v?mk5 wobE/sic1qgi4 is3Dy3[i. 

Ö4fx m8î5 t9oÛaZh5g[î5 m8gpxj5 

xs9MtbsMsJ5 h3dwgu4 bf9lg3lQ5 Xy5yJk5 

wvJ3ymAt5noxa5ht4, m3Dwˆ4 m8î4 wªoMsÔ4. 

m8gpxu ßmJi4 kJx3bi4 x8ixys3tsJ6 ® 

[5psD95FGuy Fitzgerald scMsJ6, Ö4fiz 

t9oZh5g[i3i4 w˜i3ht4 ßk3yQxEJ[isix1åE5hQ5 

xW3hbsicc5bi3ui, Öµ4 ßNlx3gü8iDt4 

h4fC/3mb. r4Z[x˜Cs2 É2ÑNz 

gdMsJ1qg6–É2Xzo sW3¯uFxs/u c9lˆ5 kNz5 

s3dJ3JxÇlc5bt9lA wWJ[isMsJ6 

mr{[f5 xhw˜4 Ö5huz r4Z[7u4 xatxl7u4 

st3tbsdpoMsJ5 kN5n/zk5 xhw˜4 Jä !%- 

ao3tlA mr{[f5 xzJ3çz5 Wb €bu 

sts5poMsJK6 r4Z[7u4 s9li $)-i wªo3tlA. 

Ömo [5psD95FFitzgerald dMMsJZlx3tlA 

x8Nsm˜3izi4 vmQ/s5yxifuk5 kJx3bi4 

ßmJi4 vmpsJj5 Wb àj5 WNh5gj5 

kN[7u cspn3iu4 WA5p[7u, Ö8N r4Z[4 

xJtbsA8Ny5yxMsJ6 ckw1qyx3hi. 

r4Z[xC6 w9los3bsmMsJ6 tqQs3n[5nzi 

ƒ4Jx2 kNozb yMÌi s9lil 

do9l m3Dli hqsyn3tbsMsJK6 

kNÌ3cu3ui4, iE4vbsc5bhi s4fxÇW4f5 

wt3bsc5bgi4, wk8k5 iE4vbsi3u4 

swEd/s1qj5. xJtbsmoCb3hi s9lbµ5 

iE/5nq8i4 XJ5bsc5bMsJ6. w7uietbso3hi 

s9li doZM8i ª3c/MsJ1qg6 kNo8k5 

trgw8NCb3hi. Nf3m5, ƒ4Jxus6 ÷i b1v8 Ì5huz 

tAy5nstQMsJ6 sc5nstQ5hil kJx3bi4 

ßmJoEpk5. Wb à gryt5yAtcMsJ6 >w9lzk5 

st3tÜ8NExcMsJ/C kNo8k5 wko7j5 std1qj5. 

s9lbµ5 tqmtc5bMs/C Ü?9MA¥8iFwvs3îi m3Îi 

xî3tc5bhA, xdwm[Zk5 xs=Ays2 b3ezb k1axi 

xs9Mst1qioµCi vq3hxl4Jx2 ƒzî5gj5> Wb4f4 

xzJŒ4 ÙW à4f4 r4Z[7u4 eà5ÖoMsÔ4 WNhxD¥8i 

m3Dvñ8i hqstZhx3izi kNb3cu3ui4 w7ui9l 

ie5nysD8Ny1qioµzi. ■ 

PETER MAY 

Last spring poachers were caught in Kuujjuaq with 

seven gyrfalcon eggs that they were planning to sell on 

the international black market and charged with illegal 

possession of a protected species. The eggs were seized 

and sent to Montreal as evidence, only two of which 

hatched. 

According to Montreal 

Wildlife Veterinarian Guy 

Fitzgerald, the poachers might 

have purposely turned up the 

heat in the incubator while they 

were being interrogated, which 

would have damaged the eggs. 

Only one of the hatched chicks 

survived — the other one having 

suffered from a heat wave that 

swept southern Canada. 

Makivik hence insisted that the remaining male bird 

Wb mw 

Peter May 

be returned to its homeland and on July th, and Makivik 

President Pita Aatami brought the gyrfalcon back up when 

it was about days 

old. Although 

Fitzgerald expressed 

doubts that the gyrfalcon 

would survive 

this process, thanks 

to the vigilant care 

of Wildlife 

Technician Peter 

May of the Nunavik 

Research Centre, the 

bird was finally 

released in good 

health. 

The young gyrfalcon 

was kept in a 

hacking box on the 

outskirts of Kuujjuaq for days to get used to the area, 

fed through a small door to lessen its likelihood of becoming 

too comfortable with humans. Once released, it was 

still given food every day. The freed bird stayed around for 

about days, but then came into town. Fortunately, 

Kuujjuaq resident John Duncan caught it and immediately 

called the wildlife technician. Peter May explained, "I had 

to put him in the hacking box again because I didn't want 

him to come back into town. Every day I would release 

him for a couple of hours so he could fly around until I 

brought him to my camp at George River at the end of 

August." Peter and his brother Bobby May stayed with the 

gyrfalcon for almost two weeks while it was getting used 

to the new environment and started to hunt for itself. ■ 

28

wMŒaJ5 

m r bZhxDtc3iq5 

®Ns/dt5nos3i6 WNhZc3tsi3u4 

evo3lt4 ®Ns5/c5bC5nui4 ni3ë/wAttA5 

Family Economics 

Makivik Economic Development Department 

®Ns/dt5nos3i6 

WNhZc3tsi3u4 evo3lt4 

®Ns5/c5bC5nui4 

ni3ë/wAttA5 

Investing in RRSP’s 

®Ns5/ñ5nc5yxClx3„5 WNhZc3tsi3u4 evoD[5 

Wc5b˜3bt8i4V xuh5 wkw5 cspm5yxC/1qg5 

wMqtA9l whmgw8NExc3uht4 wªhlxq8NExu4 

bmgj1zozJi4 ni3¿èZhx3ij5. ryxio h9obsJ6 

kx5y¿9lyic1qQxz WNh5tsA8âgcDi ®Ns5/- 

ñ5nE/i4. vNbu wkgcsi3j5 ®Ns/5ni4 X3Ni3u4 

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bm3u4 gip[Q§E/t5 ˆ7m˜1qQxq5 wªZhxDtQixoD[Q5 

WNh5tsi3u4 k3cymo3lt5. 

Öà7m5 x5bâom5yxgu4 yKi3i ®Ns/tA5 

r1åm5yAtt5 WJ8Nyx˜DmA[Q5 whmcExco3St5 

®Ns/dt5nt8i4 ni3¿èQxu4 x3dtQlQ5 Nlâ3ymJtA5 

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ni3¿èi3u4 X3NymAtsJ5 Ì4y/3if5 

®Ns5/Dt5noxam§aK5 Övi x3ÇA3u 

gip[Q/[i3i st3[sAtsA8Nht4 

x7ml xjyq8NixD[Q5 w{[5 

Ì4¥ExcC/3St5. bm8N WsÔAto4 

®Ns5/ñ5 x3ÇAbµ5 Ì4y/3bsAtq5 

rybso3mb wo8k5 st3[si3u4 

Wbc3ty§aiq5 bm8Nl Öà8ixhi 

WNhZc3iu4 evy1qioµ3i, Ö8N 

s9l6 wo8k5 N9ostt9lA ®Ns5/ñt 

wk3ni3nsoC/3gns7mb Ì4¥/3bsi3uA9l wk3nEx3ymo3lt4 

g1z[QlQ5 sk3inoxam§5 Ì4¥/3if5. 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

Will you have enough money for retirement? Most 

people will be unsure or probably say they’re too young to 

start saving for retirement. The fact is that it is never too 

late to start saving for your retirement. The Canada 

Pension Plan and Quebec Plan that you contribute to now 

will not be sufficient to maintain your present level of living 

at retirement. 

So if you want to secure your financial future at 

requirement you should consider investing in a Registered 

Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP). Contributions to an RRSP 

are tax deductible in the year you contribute to it and taxable 

when you withdraw them from your RRSP. This is 

good since you will shelter this investment from income 

taxes until retirement, at which time your 

income will most likely be lower and 

taxed at a lower marginal rate. 

But why invest in an RRSP given the 

current market conditions? Well despite 

the current market you will save on your 

current tax bill and take advantage of that 

money invested in your plan (the time 

value of money). Additionally, time has 

proven that in the long run investments 

grow and are affected only in the short 

run by national and world events. 

Financial markets go through cycles and fluctuate 

(high/low) but over the long run should provide a decent 


29

wMŒaJ5 m r bZhxDtc3iq5 Family Economics 


30 

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gipic3ymMsJ5 ®Ns/i4 sk3io8i4 R$,^%$-i4. 

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whmQ1axhQ5. bm8N Öà7m5 N9ogw8Nq8i 

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WNh5tsA8âymo3li ®Ns5/ñ5nui4 kx5yi3j5 X3NymA†5 

WAbsA8NS5 yKi3u ®Ns5/Dbsc5b˜D8Nlt4 

Just as pitsiit provides nourishment for the near future, RRSP’s provide 

security for the long term. 

return depending on one’s type of investment. 

Like every year, many Canadians wait until the last 

minute to invest in their RRSP’s. You have until February 

, to contribute to your plan for the taxation 

year. Every year you can invest up to % of your earned 

income to a maximum of $, plus any unused contributions 

from prior years. Your unused RRSP contribution 

will appear on your last Notice of Assessment from 

Revenue Canada, provided you filed your income tax 

return. 

Now we will review the general guidelines for investing 

in an RRSP 

• Invest early in life. 

Start investing when you are to years old. Don’t 

wait until you are a few years away from retirement or 

you will not have enough in your plan to retire. 

• Contribute early in the year and consider contributing 

on a monthly basis. 

Discipline yourself and don’t wait until the February 

th deadline each year. 

The total amount of your RRSP will have a greater 

value at retirement. 

• Contribute the maximum you are allowed to whenever 

possible. 

Last year the average contribution made in Canada 

was $, per taxpayer. This seems low considering the 

amount of income a person will need at retirement. In 

light of this, it might be a good idea to borrow to invest in 

an RRSP for any given year. The tax savings will probably 

be higher than the interest cost of the loan. (Remember to 

pay back this loan quickly; this is not to be a long-term 

loan). 

• Have an investment plan and diversify. 

Your plan will depend on your retirement objectives, 

your expected retirement date and your tolerance to risk. 

Remember to diversify your RRSP portfolio, in other 

words don’t put all your eggs in the same basket but don’t 

over-diversify your investments. Diversifying will protect 

you from day-to-day market fluctuation in any single 

MARTHA AMRUALIK

wMŒaJ5 m r bZhxDtc3iq5 Family Economics 

x3ÇA3i WsÔi3nsZ/3uJ6 x5bgx3ÌD[5 ®Ns/dt5nt8k5 gi3DtQix3bt8i4. 

Ì4¥/3if5 st3bsAtt5 sk3insZ/3gnsJ5 

eg3qxq8i4 x5bgx3Ì[iE/3W5. Gcspm5yxExc3gt5 

st3ty5nstQQxc3it8i4 Ì4fiz x5bgx3Ì[it8i4, Ì4fx 

x5bgx3Ìt5 xfi xro3©Z3gnoxam5/q7mbH. 

• ®Ns/dt5nt8i4 kx5y[5ni4 X3Nym5yxlt5 

x5pŒ1q©tZh9lQ9l Ì4fã8Nst5ÖoZh9lQ5 x3dtQ/t5 

kx5yi3k5 

bm4fiz X3NDtQ/t5 g1z[cC/3g5 yKi5noxEym/t8k5 

WNh5tsi3u4 ev3in3k5, g1z[c3ult4 WNh5tsi3u4 

evExy[Q˜3bW5 s9lzi4 cktQ9l v2WxÖ5©i3i4. SwÅm5Öolt5 

x5pŒ1qgi4 kx5y[cD8Nit8i4, scEx9MZ/D5tA wµ4 

grc1axC/3g6 m8idtoµt5 b4vi5ãN6 c5büt5Öo4r5, 

ÖàZlxD[9l xu§lx3gi4 x5pŒ1qgi4 kx5y[c3Öo7ult5. 

x5pŒ1qgi4 kx5y[c3ik5 s9lbµ5 ®Nsè5 xsMbs[qtA5 

Nqx3Ngütbs1q©A8NClx3ht5. kx5yAtcD8Ngt5 ®Ns/dt5nt8i4 

mfx sxDtŒ1qg5 ®Ns/oEs†5 xg3lQ5 

®Ns/dt7mEcs†5, eg3qst5y“5 x7ml ®Ns5/ñoEs†5 

X3Nym/t8k5 ˆ7mˆ3tbsmJ5. 

• ®Ns/dt5ni4 kx5yA†5 xfiElQ5 X3NbmsAt5nq5 

€3eymc5blQ5 kxbt8il k3ct5yÖolt5. 

Ì4fiz x3dtQlQ5 Nlâ3ymJtA5 WNh5tsi3u4 evoD[5 

ni3¿èi3u4 X3NymAtoxE/t5 xfiEJ5nst9lQ5 €3eymJoxa§aK5. 

whm5nyxa7uÔZlx6 ®Ns/dt5ni4 kx5y[cExu4 

sk3y?9oxJi4 ®Ns/dtos3ts§tA5 GwMsAtc3[c3li 

®Ns/osChxDtq8k5 wi9Mym5yxht4 tusJ5H x3ÇAw5 sk3g5 

xiA3tlQ5 Ì4fx ®Ns/dt5nyxD§a7mb. ®Ns/i4 tAyyq8N[- 

Q5Öo5yxlQ5 WNh5tsi3u4 ev3in3k5 trstMs1qi3i - 

Ì4¥tbsicC/C[5 s9lusJ6 Ì4¥/3bsAtt5 g1z[st9lQ5. 

x©ttbsA8Nggxa§a7m5 m8N w9¬ÌEsDt5ni4 is[Chx3ij5 

®Ns/dt5nt8i4 wM1œ[c3î5, ryu ÖàtbsA8NMsClxD[5 

st3ty[QQxcC/3u/t5 X3NymAtQ/t5 W[5nc3tbs[8i4 

çqst5ÖoQxcC/3uht5 Ì4¥tbs5nstQAm1qf[Q5. 

• kNo3JxW5 yMÌi5gtA5 kx5yZhxDtQ7mEA8Nu/t5 

s9lust9lA #)-q5 kxb3W5 Ì4fiz Nlâ3ymJtA5 

WNh5tsi3u4 evoD[5 ni3¿èi3u4 X3NymAtsJt2WA5 kNo3JxW5 

yMÌk5 ni3¿ètQx3gD8Nu/t5. vNbus5 yM3Jxu ®Ns/oEi3tA5 

xsMbq5 #-gw8Nsmb. sk3iXsA8N[oµq8i4 WZhxD8Ngt5 

kNo3JxW5 yMÌi eg3qst5yAti4 x3dtc3lt5 

b4fã8NsQ4ftQlQ9l bm4fx xg3bsJ8Nmb. 

• ck3©Ex3tk5 wvJ3bsAtQA8Nbt5 cspZh{[c5yxht9l 

N9oq5 Wsi3Xsm¯b gryix[Qc5blQ5 ®Ns/oEi3u4 

WZhx3bc3g5 

rNgw8Noµ6 ck3gEx3ti4 cspZhx3[cgxCu 

eg3qst5yAti4 ®Ns/dt5nuA5 st3[syx3insA8N§6 Ö4fN1z5 

cspZhxDtcMs3ymZt4 kx5ysZgw8N§i5. N9ogw8Nq8i4 

gryix5nc5blt5 xuhxl7mb bm4fiz Nlâ3ymJtA5 WNh5tsi3u4 

evoD[5 ni3¿èi3u4 X3NymAtsJ5 xsMbsiq8ªozJi4. 

is[3bsA8Nmb ®Ns/4f[7mE5tA5, x5bgxc3typtA9l x7ml 

kx5yi3u4 ®Ns/5ni4 WA5pptA5. N7ui6 is[xEA8Nbt5, 

x9Mb3[tA9lî5 is[xElQ5, scomst4fl8î5 €3ebstlQ5 

x7mlx9˜5 cEbs/tA5 gnc5bstA†5 x3dtQlQ5 is[D8NyxC[5 

bm4fiz ®Ns/dt5nosDti4. 

w3csm5yxE5 kx5yi3u4 WQx5nstQJ5nsi3i4 WNh5tsi3u4 

ev3iã5 szy5gx¬q8ˆt9lA, gip[Q9lxExc5blQ5 gip[Qq8N- 

Ch9lQ9l. raêymJc3is/1qm5 WQx5nstQymJu4¡ ■ 

investment category. You should hold 

an investment mix of equity, bonds and 

income instruments, which reflects your 

plan. 

• Take the long-term approach to 

investing and do not disinvest. 

Your RRSP investment should be a 

long-term one in most cases. Consider 

investing the core of your investment in 

growth assets (shares of established 

companies). These should give a decent 

return in the long run. Avoid taking 

money out of your plan before retirement 

— you will be taxed on the withdrawal 

at your current tax rate. One 

exception is withdrawing your RRSP’s to 

purchase your first house, however, you 

will then have to reimburse your plan 

within a certain time limit to avoid 

immediate income taxes. 

• Maximize your foreign content. 

Currently you are allowed to have 

% of the cost of your RRSP in foreign 

property. Canada only makes up approximately 

% of the world’s markets. 

Maximize your foreign content to take 

advantage of the growth in other countries 

and to further diversify your 

investment. 

• Get Advice and shop around 

People who get advice investing in 

RRSP usually get better returns than 

those who don’t. Shop around because 

there are many places to purchase 

RRSP's. You can purchase RRSP’s 

through the major Banks, credit unions 

and through mutual fund companies. 

You can purchase RRSP’s in person, by 

mail, phone and even through the 

Internet. 

Remember to start investing in 

your retirement early, contribute as 

much as you can and as often as possible. 

It is never too early or too late to 

start! ■ 

SAMMY KUDLUK 


31

klx3tbsJ5 

Caught in the Trawl 


32 

wcl8ixiK5 vJyJw5 Wsygc3utA5 wq3Cic3ht4 

Ì4fx gn3tyA†5 x9Mbso3tlQ5 Gy2t7WE 

@))@–uH. x3[4 sux3Jx6 !!–[5hi wcl8ixymo3g6 

!@–zi9l WQxMzoMs3uht4. ra3ä5 

xrq5 vb2Xox5/A8âuÔZlx5 iEs8Nhil xr5gQx- 

ZMANst9lQ5 ryxi m3Îi4 b6®i4 ho bfixqgA5 

ckw9lxgu4 xr5gEx3î5 h3êic3ixm¯b. 

sux3Jxu WNh5gn3ysi3u4 yK9oXs5pymMzJ5 

mr{[f5 x7ml i9oÏE5nstQixo3hb kÌi4 

WNh5gn3i4 wo8ixtbsMsv9lt4 bmguz >bEsoxMsCi 

hqsyn3iu4 wk5Jxu srx5nso3X5. 

rNgw8N6 wo8ixcbsAmZ/3g6 bb3ãgw8NExc3g5 

yf5n/i4 xs9MtlQ9l x9MÌ3[f5, hv5gf9¬î5 

x9M[5tk5. 

xuh7mE8i4 wcl8ixtc3gA5 xuh7mE8i4 

x3ÇAi WNhx3tQ/symo3gi4 wMq9l S3gi3n- 

ªc5bymo3ht4 WNhZ3k5. wcl8ixi6 x5pQ/sqg7mE7u4 

wªyc3uJ6 bm4fxl wk©ˆ3tg5 xuhi4 

b6ri4 xs9MymQxcMz5hi xq3Cui5 wMui9l. 

xu§qgi4 sk3yQx3bsymo3uJ5 ra3MD8NbK5b 

sdà8iq5 %%)–u5 &)*–k5, bµi er3Ì¬9l 

xfr5©l xf8izi b=Zi x3ÇAu. ÖàoA8NyMs3g5 

xqctŒZhxctcMs3hb Ì4fiz Northwest Atlantic 

Fisheries Organization–fi4 x7ml vNb4fi4Fxfr5gusi4 

bm8N wcl8ixiEymo3bK5 x7ml WA8Nyymo3iK5 

ƒÖ5 !& Sn8tq8i4 vNbusk5 bm5hjz 

wm3ËozJi4 xJw8NstQym/K5 kwbsym5noCb3g5. 

bm8N sk3yQx3tbsymJ6 ®Ns/osDtsQx9M- 

D8NMzJ6 R&(,))) ÌMi4 x3ÇAbµ5. 

mr{[f5 wcl8ixioE[zb WNhx3[z5 

WNh5ty1ah5g5 kÌu4 wk7u4 WQs3ntbsix3tlA 

Ì5hjz WNhx3[j5 WNhx3bsQxc§i4 vmQ/sQxc§i9l 

x5pŒqgi4. Ì8N wk4 wcl8ixEx3ymJi4 

moc5bExc3ixg6, WNhxcbslil xsM5yº5 

v7Xiq8i4, vtmQx3gcbsc5blil v?m4f5 vtmt5yiq8k5. 

Swp[i3i4 is[3isJ6 vJyMzq8Ng6 b=Zi 

x3ÇÅMzJ3u. eu3DMzKA5 bm8N Swp8ixi6 

xqoQx3bsA8N[c3m¯5, wMstbsA8NC/3m¯b Swº5 

s3hq5 xyxk5 kNo7j5 WNhxZst9lA. x7ml5bs6 

eu3Dctc3ixuJA5 mò5ti4 nS7up4fi4 vt[4 

kNooµ5 v?mzi9l xg3bsJcD8Nm¯5 s3hwèAtu4 

xg3bs§a7uJ3u4 kNÓ3usk5. scomstymo3gA5 

North Bay Harvesters–f9l grÌ3ymo3hbl 

xrosEiq8k5 wMscbsc5bixoExu4. 

eu3Dix3uJA5 hNi4 moZ3tA5 Wâlbc3ixm¯5b 

kx5yi3ËozJi4 Swº5 s3hq8i4 h3êymstq8il 

is3DtcD8Ni3u4. mr{[f5 is3Dtc§aK5 s3hu4 

Ì4fkz N5y6 tudtz8k5, Ì4fx vg5pcbs7mb 

Ì4fiz er3Ìl4 tudtzk5. 

Our fishing effort is proceeding at a normal yearly pace 

as of writing (September ). Aqviq has completed 

trips and was starting trip number . Indications are that 

prices have stabilized and we may even expect some small 

increases but it will be a couple of months before we see 

the impact of these increases. 

Recruiting of crew for the vessel continues to be a priority 

for Makivik Corporation and we will soon begin 

selection of new recruits to follow the Pre-Sea Orientation 

course given in Inukjuak this fall. If anyone is interested in 

completing this course, they should fill in the appropriate 

forms and mail or fax them to our office. 

We have many fishers who have been with the operation 

for many years and some have progressed into other 

successful careers. Fishing is a very different lifestyle and 

requires that the individual be able to spend many months 

away from their home and family. 

We have had a small quota increase, from tons to 

tons, in area SFA (Davis Strait) for the year. This was 

as a result of negotiations at Northwest Atlantic Fisheries 

Organization (NAFO) and Canada / Greenland where our 

experience in the fishery and our original positions of 

requiring % of any quota for Canada in that area has at 

last been worth the effort. The increase equates to 

$, per year. 

The Makivik Fisheries Division is hoping to hire a 

trainee very soon. This individual will be trained in many 

aspects and responsibilities of the Division. It will require 

the individual to take fishing 

trips on the vessels, work with 

the operating companies, and 

attend many government 

meetings. 

Seal purchasing and harvesting 

will continue for the 

next year. We will be reviewing 

the possibility of extending 

the seal harvest, which would 

include seal fat collection to one other community. In 

addition, we will be reviewing with the Hunter Support 

Program and the Kativik Regional Government the possibility 

of using a grading program similar to that in 

Nunavut. We have established contact with the North Bay 

Harvesters and have decided to participate in their auction. 

We will also review what regulatory problems we 

may have with respect to the collection of seal fat and the 

impact in the market. Makivik Corporation sells the fat to 

Natsiq Inc., which is a joint venture with (the Baffin) 

Qikiqtaaluk Corporation.

klx3tbsJ5 

Caught in the Trawl 

kw5yoMs3uJA5 >kN[s2 ra3Mzi4> Éy¥4f5 

vtmi3Jxc3tlQ5 x7ml vJy5yxg7mEsMsJ5hi, 

m3Dwi4 is[3ix“8i4 is[x5nc3tbsJc3tlA x7ml 

wMq5 É5©tQ/sc5bMsJ5ht4. Ì4fx ra3ä5 

W/symMs3g5 sux3Jxu5 >x3[4u5> x7ml ra3ä5 

is[3bstbK5 wvJ3yym§5 bm4fiz wcl8ixti9l 

wMq8il kN[7usi4. Ì4fx is[x5ã5 

is[3ix[o8k5 is[x5nstbsA8Ng5 kNo8i 

xqic3ht4 227gr (8oz)–u4 !%–bc3ht4 mq5bq5 

x7ml ra3Mq5 cMm5ht4, nsî/3ym5ht9l x7ml 

bEs3u wZ/siƒ5ht4. 

We introduced "Nunavik Shrimp" during the ICC Assembly 

and it was very successful. Two retailers carried the product 

and some were given as special gifts. The shrimp is 

from the vessel Aqviq and any shrimp we sell helps the 

fishermen and their families from Nunavik. The product is 

available to retailers for sale in the communities in trays of 

gr (oz.) There are trays per case: Cooked and Peeled 

and Seacooked. 

wtZüg5 

On the Hoof 

srx5nst9lA is[3tyiEMs3bK5 WQxMsJK6 

y2t7WE whoo3tlA. is[3[Zä5 is[x5nc3tbsc5bix3g5 

d[xh{[j5 kÌj9l x3ÇAj5 tr9lt4. 

É5©t5ã5 is[5nstbs˜3uJ5 Ì4fNi5ãN6 s9li. 

xuh7m‰5 Ü9lgw[QQxoK5 bf5nst5yi4f5 

sXQxcMz/K5, ryxi W/st5ypK8i4 wMc3lb 

Öà8ixbK5 sX5ym/K8îoD5b. 

xuxpÜ5 kNzi is3DtcChx3ymiK5 h4fwg7m- 

EsoMs3g6 y2t7WE !!–u x3Çi Wi3lgcMsJt9lA 

x7ml eu3Dymo3hb xuxpÜ5 kNzi 

W/st5yiE§5ti4 ckwoz5yxo3m¯b x6rhExDm5hQ5. 

bµio is3Dtc3iEMs/K5 g5g[is2 Xbs/zi4 

kN[7ul wkw5 yM3Jxus5 vtmi3Jxzi9l 

vJy5yxg7mEsMsJ6 sk3iã5 is[3ix“5 is[- 

x5nc3tbst9lQ5. Ì4fx is[3ix[xl4fl fxX4fl 

ª5yymo3g5 Ì5huz is[x5nu4. 

O ur fall buying season started in late September. 

Retailers and specialty stores will be selling through to 

Christmas and the New Year. The gift market will also be 

buying in the same period. There are also many promotional 

shows to attend, but we will be doing this with our 

distributors for each area of the country. 

The market in the United States has remained very 

slow following the / situation from last year and we 

have reviewed our US distribution 

in order to re-establish ourselves. 

Meanwhile the sales of caribou 

paté in Nunavik and during the 

ICC were very good with most 

retailers carrying the products. The 

FCNQ and the Northwest Company 

have both moved some of this 

product. 


33

kÌ5 xgxá5 

New Books 

kN[4: wk8k5 xsMbsJ6 

wo8ixioEi6 fÑ4 

srs3bgzi 

Nunavik: Inuit-Controlled 

Education in Arctic Quebec 


kwbsym5ht4 sfkz University of Calgary Press, 

the Arctic Institute of North America x7ml vg5pi4fk5 

Gvt[4 W?9oxJoEpq8k5H, Ì4fx kN[7u kNooµ5 

W?9oxt5ypq8k5 vtmpQ/sJ5, Ì4fx kN[4: 

wk8k5 xsMbs5hi wo8ixioEi6 fÑ4 srs3bgzi 

si4vsyc3g5 kN[7u wo8ixioEis2 

W?9oxymo3izk5, WQx1zstc3ht4 trQx1zymJi4 

bs3¥v5bti4 xJe3gwpi9l trst5hA 

vt[4 wo8ixioE[zk5 x7ml Nlâè6vusymiq8k5 

Ì5hms2 xsMbsizi4 Ì4fkz 

kN[7u wo8ixioEi3u4 cspn3tk5. 

Ì8N si4Ïos3g[i6 Ann Vick–Westgate, 

eu3Dymo3iC3g6 rsmstAtsymJi4 fÑ4 b3Czb 

wkq8k5 bm5hjz WJtQ/sJi4, W/symo3gi9l 

h/sq©ymo3gi9l wkoµ5 wo8ix[dtq8k5 bµi 

kNzi, x7ml yK9oÙu wk8k5 xsMbsic3gu4 

wo8ixioEi3u4 vNbu. xuh7mE8i4 x3ÇAi4 

WNhxctc3ymo3hi kNogò5 wkdtq8i4 

W?9oxt5yZhx3tlQ5 WQx3tyt9lQ9l 

wo8ixioEst5ni4 wkoµk5 wo8ix- 

[q8ªozJi4 kwbt5yic3gi4 wl3Dyq8i4, 

Wsygcq8il bf8ˆbq8il, Ì8N 

xgxZos3g[i6 si4ÏosMs3g6, W[c- 

D8NogxCu, x6ftc3hi wkw5 iWq8i4, 

wMst5yhil èWt k1zs2 WQx1zt5yAtq8i4. 

Ì4fx xgxá5 si4vsyc3g5 x©t/symJi4 

wk7mE8k5 wo8ixtbsymJk5 Wsygc3u4, 

eg3zq9l wr5gi4 x3ÇAi4 wo8ixtbsymiq8k5 

xJe3gwpk5 v?m4fl 

wo8ix[q8k5, w3abq9l c9lˆk5 

wo8ixExc5bymiq8k5 x7ml s9lu 

wo8ix†5 W/‰6vusJw9l vt[s2 

wo8ix[q5tA5, wl8Nt4 si4vsyE/s5ht4 

gn3tyAtoxa5ht4 kN[7us wo8ixioEis2 

WD3Xoxymo3izk5 bm4fNi x3ÇÅymo3gi. 

wkgw8Nsq5gw5 

scsyc3tbs7uJ5 

bf8ˆb3ui4 wo8ixioEi3j5 kN[s2 

kNoq8iusacbsi3uA5, 

x7ml 

xzJçE/sJw5 WxC3k5, wo8ix†9l, xsM5yº9l 

x7ml gryix3tm‰5. Ì4fx xgxá5 kwbt5yuJ5 

kN1axi4 Ö5hmib3il x5paxi4 kxbsymJi4 

x?b6 WsygcoE[zk5 mr{[4 fxS‰nj9l, Ì4fx 

kN[4: wk8k5 xsMbs5hi wo8ixioEi6 fÑ4 

srs3bgzi xgx3bsA8Ng5 bf8ˆDtslt4 s9lu 

wkw5 wªyEo3bzi4. Gxrc3g5 R#(.(%–i4H 

Co-published by the University of Calgary Press, the 

Arctic Institute of North America and Katutjiniq (KRDC), 

Nunavik's Regional Development Council, Nunavik: Inuit- 

Controlled Education in Arctic Quebec relates the history 

of the development of education in Nunavik, from the 

arrival of the first traders and missionaries to the creation 

of the Kativik School Board and the more recent evaluation 

of its operations by the Nunavik Education Task 

Force. 

The author, Ann Vick-Westgate, takes a detailed look 

at the complex debate of the Northern Quebec Inuit about 

the purposes, achievements and failures of the public 

schools in their region, the first Inuit-controlled school district 

in Canada. Having worked for many years with 

Native peoples to develop and initiate educational programs 

in public schools that reflect their culture, traditions 

and perspectives, the author made a point of telling this 

story, whenever possible, through Inuit voices, including a 

forward by Zebedee Nungak. 

The book discloses the 

experience of elders who 

were educated traditionally, 

their children with a few 

years of education in mission 

and government schools, 

their grandchildren who 

attended southern high 

schools or residential 

schools, and current students 

and recent graduates 

of the Kativik schools, all 

contributing to a well-documented 

report on the evolution 

of the school system in 

Nunavik over the years. 

Non-Inuit also share their 

views on the issue of education 

as residents of Nunavik 

communities, parents of 

Inuit children, teachers, administrators and expert consultants. 

Illustrated with maps and rich historical photographs 

from the collections of the Avataq Cultural 

Institute and Makivik Corporation, Nunavik: Inuit- 

Controlled Education in Arctic Quebec offers the readers a 

unique view into contemporary Inuit society. (Price: 

$.) 

34

kÌ5 xgxá5 

New Books 

wkdtQ/sJk5 sz?u, 

bys/3Jx2 kNzi 

kwbsQx1zg[is5ht4 !*($–u wMstbs5ht4 

Ì4fkz x3ÇAbµ5 gn3tyAtq8k5 Smithsonian 

Institutes Annual Reports of the Bureau of American 

Ethnology, kÌaJ5 Ì5hm Lucien M. Turner 

xgxZox[iq5 kN[4: wk8k5 xsMbs5hi 

wo8ixioEi6 fÑ4 

srs3bgzi kwbs6vuMs3g5 

ƒ0Jxgc3u. 

Ì4fx xgxá5 kwbsMs3g5 

wkw5 yM3Jxus5 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 

ƒ0Jxu 

xsA+tsMs3gu. yM3Jx2 

v5pzi5 WymJoµ5 

vtmQx3gymJ5 wÏMsJK5 

ƒ0Jx2 ƒzi4 sux4f[zi5 

WQx3ht4 c/Ex4f5 

ƒ0Jxgcox3tbs5ht4, bZ 

iE7µtbsicy5ht4 

wcl2Wu4. Ì4fx xgxá5 

scsyE/sQx1zMs3g5 

sçpj5 Îb frxW7j5 

x?b6 WsygcoE[z8iusj5, ra9oc3hi mr{[s2 

x9Mt7mEzi4 ÷p Ítu4 x7ml wk8k5 

vtmpQ/sJu4 Ì4fkz vNboµu kNc6ÏymJw5 

ckwqyx3ioEpq5b vtmpq8k5 s÷W Ax5, 

x7ml5bs6 wkw5 bW‰5 vNbu scomstoE[zk5 

+†?8 ex8bEj5. scsyE/sym7umb ra9osMs3gi 

mr{[s2 eu3Dxq8i, mr{[f9l x?b4fl 

Smithsonian–f9l vg5pctŒ5ymo3g5 x6rhwQx3ht4 

Ì4fiz si4ÏbsMs3g[i3i4. 

Ì8N Lucien M. Turner ƒ0Jxgc3j5 trMs3g[i6 

!**@–u. Ì8N WNhxZc3g[isZlx6 yM8ixtsi3u4 

so8iu9l gryix3iu4 WA5phi xuxpÜ5 

sNb3tnq8i4, W?9oxt5yJ[is7uJ6 grc5yxgi4 

ckwozic3gi4 wkw5 u5ñk5 x7ml 

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scsyzi9l mo5hQ5 si4vsyq5. Ì5hms2 

x5pox[iq5 wkw5 xs9˜ym[iq8i4 x7ml 

wk©ˆ3tgi4 yK9oXscbsymo3g5 x5pos3bsQx1zg[i3k5 

srs3bgusi4. Ì5hms2 WNhx3ym/ztA5, 

Ì8N gi3Dtc3ymJ7mEsK6 Ì4fx Smithsonian 

kxbq8k5, Ì8N xfiib4f[4 wobE/smic3m5 

yM3Jxoµu. ƒ0Jxgc3ühi Ì8N Lucien M. Turner 

kx5yJ[i6 x5pŒqgi4 wkw5 Wdtgc5n/q8i4 

mfiz x8kÇi4, gd5yAts§i9l nN3Dti9l. bm4fx 

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kwbtbs5yxic3g5 Ì4fNi xgxZoxEym/q8i, bZ 

x9Mbst5yymixo3m5 xuh7mE8i4 wkw5 wl3Dyzb 

W6fyq8i4. kwbsym5ht4 McGill-Queen's University 

Press–fk5 vNbu, Ì4fx kwbsQx9MymJ5 Lucien M. 

Turner WNhx3ym/q8k5 ho xysMs3ym1qg5. 

Gxrc3g5 R@(.(%–i4H 

Ethnology of the Ungava District, 

Hudson Bay Territory 

Originally published in as part of the Smithsonian 

Institutes Annual Reports of the Bureau of American 

Ethnology series, a new edition of Lucien M. Turner's 

Ethnology of the Ungava District, Hudson Bay Territory 

was recently launched at Old Chimo. The book launch took 

place during the ICC General Assembly in Kuujjuaq 

last August. Delegates from all over the circumpolar 

world crossed the Koksoak river in small watercrafts 

from Kuujjuaq's new marine infrastructure to 

Old Chimo, where they enjoyed an outdoor meal of 

arctic char. The groundbreaking volume was introduced 

by master of ceremonies Rhoda Kokiapik of 

the Avataq Cultural Institute, followed by speeches 

from Makivik Corporate Secretary George Berthe, 

Inuit Director of the National Aboriginal Health 

Organization Robbie Watt, and Inuit Tapiriit 

Kanatami Director of Communications Stephen 

Hendrie. Makivik, Avataq and the Smithsonian collaborated 

to re-edit this anthropology classic. 

Lucien M. Turner arrived in Old Chimo in . 

Although he was there primarily to conduct meteorological, 

atmospheric and tidal observations for the U.S. 

Army's Signal Corps, he developed a meaningful rapport 

with the Inuit and spent most of his free time studying 

their way of life and language, and recording their stories. 

His images of the people’s camps and formal portraits of 

individuals are among the earliest examples of photography 

in the Arctic. Through his work, Turner also contributed 

significantly to the collections of the 

Smithsonian, one of the world's premier museum institution. 

While in Fort Chimo, Turner collected various artefacts 

from the Inuit, including clothing, weapons and 

tools. These artefacts, which are preserved at the 

Smithsonian Institute, are illustrated in great detail in his 

book, contributing to an extensive record of the material 

culture of the Inuit. Published by McGill-Queen's 

University Press in Canada, Turner's work remains timeless. 

(Price: $.) 

Ì4fx bmq4 xgxZoxaymÔ4 W/sA8Ng5 xgxZ3i4 

is[3ix[q8i s{?¬8î5 cEbs/4f5 w8gix5f5. 

trn3bsA8Ng5 sfN1z5: 

Both of these books are available in many bookstores or 

on the Internet. You can also order them directly through: 

Georgetown Terminal Warehouses (GTW) 

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Georgetown, ON LG R 

y?iz / phone: () - s{?¬8î5/ 

or --- xrc1qg6 /toll free 

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or --- toll free 

cEbs/4f5 / e-mail: orders@gtwcanada.com 


35

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Ivakkak Qimutsitiit Share their 

Secrets to a Good Dog Team 

HARRY WHITE 

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xbs5yf3typ 

By Isabelle Dubois, Ivakkak Race Coordinator 


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Dogsledding was what first attracted me to the North. 

As a musher myself, I felt privileged to partake in the 

organization of Nunavik's dog team race, Ivakkak. Having 

gone on long dog team journeys on the Lower North 

Shore of the St-Lawrence River, it was nice to once again 

share such an experience with others alike, travelling from 

one community to another in Nunavik. Coming from a 

different background, I learned a lot from these 

men for whom dogsledding is part of their 

heritage. 

As we shared our secrets along the 

trail, I thought that others who have a 

dog team or are planning to start one 

could benefit from this information to 

prepare for the coming season, and 

maybe even to participate in the next 

Ivakkak. The race will take place in 

March , from Kangiqsujuaq to 

Akulivik. 

Every person has their own way of 

handling dogs, but I am sure you will find 

something useful in the following. 

However, any qimutsitiq (musher) will say the 

elders are the best ones to provide advice about 

dogs, as most of them remember the days when dogs were 

their only means of transportation in the winter. 

PHOTO: EMANUAL LOWI 

36

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Dedication as a prerequisite 

Dog team owners all agree on the importance of 

being able to provide well for their huskies. "Raising sled 

dogs not only requires knowledge, but also patience and a 

lot of time," explains Harry Okpik. He says that it takes at 

least a couple of years to raise a good team. They may 

know how to pull, but they might not listen enough to be 

çp s2W4 e1uui4 iE4ÜJ6 

Harry Okpik feeding his dogs. 

trustworthy out on the land right away. Owning dogs 

might become discouraging for anybody who has never 

had a team before because there is a lot of work involved, 

so it is better to start with a small team. "You also need 

money,” Harry adds, "whether it is to go out hunting and 

fishing to feed your dogs or to buy dry food at the Co-op.” 

Ivakkak champion Junior May mentions, keeping 

a dog team is also very rewarding. "One of the best 

things about having a dog team is that you'll never find 

yourself bored. There is always something to do," he says. 

Raising a team of top dogs 

There are many ways to start your own dog team. 

Most people will usually get a couple of dogs from somebody 

else. For example a lot of dogs in Inukjuak come from 

Charlie Inukpuk's litters. He says that puppies from the 

same mother get along better, making them easier to 

raise. Although some may inherit a whole dog team, Masiu 

Nassak finds that it's more fun to raise your own dog 

team, breed your own dogs and train them yourself from 

the start. 

Like most dog owners, Charlie Watt Jr. doesn't like to 

tie up his puppies. "I like to let them roam around so that 

they gain more confidence and grow better and healthier,” 

he says. Meanwhile, Nutaraaluk Iyaituk likes to keep his 

puppies loose around the house and lets them play with 

the kids, so that they get used to people and don't become 

wild. 


37




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According to Nutaraaluk, puppies also have to be 

taught some manners from the beginning, otherwise they 

can develop bad habits such as chewing harnesses or 

ropes. That doesn't mean one has to get physical. As 

Bobby Novalinga advises, hitting dogs is not a way to raise 

them. If you hit them, they won't respect you. They'll just 

be scared and will never be good dogs. 

Harry Okpik says he spends quite a bit of time with 

his dogs from the time they are puppies, letting them get 

to know him. He names them and begins teaching them 

commands right away, which allows the young dogs to get 

used to his voice and the way he orders them around. 

"That's how I can determine which ones understand the 

most and which ones I can count on," he says. 

Adamie Qumak adds that it's important to start training 

dogs when they are young so that they will develop 

strong muscles and be able to pull longer when they get 

older. For example, Harry Okpik makes his puppies pull a 

log or a rock while following their mother around and 

Bobby Novalinga allows children to use his dogs to pull 

them on a small sled. 

When they are two or three months old, Ivakkak 

champion Tamusi Sivuaraapik lets his dogs follow the 

team. When they are five or six months old, Charlie Watt 

Jr. says that they are usually ready to be harnessed with 

the rest of the team. At 

this point, one can start 

using heavier commands 

with them. Harry Okpik 

says if a dog is a good 

puller, you might want 

to start to train it as a 

leader by walking in 

front and pulling the dog 

to the right and to the 

left while repeating the 

commands "Auk" for 

right and "Hada" for left. 

Bobby Novalinga adds 

that the second place from the front is also a good place to 

train a new leader. 

Dogs are like teenagers until they are around two 

years old. They are very active and prone to mood swings. 

Bobby Novalinga and Junior May agree that even though 

their bodies are strong, they are not quite fully built, especially 

for sustaining long distances day after day. If planning 

to participate in the Ivakkak dog team race, consider 

bringing dogs that are at least two years of age. "Of 

course," recommends Charlie Watt Jr., "if they are really 

well trained, they might be okay. But I wouldn't bring a 

whole team of young pups for the race." 

Let the dogs out: Uit! Uit! 

As Lucassie Alayco insists, the more time you spend 

with your dogs, the more you will get to know them. Most 

men who participated in Ivakkak go out with their dogs at 

least every weekend in the wintertime, and as much as

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Body: Generally 

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back, a stumpy 

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Head: Well-proportioned, 

a bit wide, with a dome-shaped skull and a square 

pointed muzzle, generally black or dark brown. Often has a 

mask around the eyes (taqulik). 

Ears: Triangular-shaped, short and held erect and slightly 

pointed towards the front. 

Eyes: Generally brown, almond-shaped, slightly oblique, not 

too wide open, with dark eye rims. 

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back. 

Fur: Thick, straight, long or semi-long, often longer around 

the neck and chest, forming a lion-like ruff. Colours vary 

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any combination of these. 

Weight: Around to kilograms. 

Height: Around to centimetres, sometimes more (from 

the withers down). 


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possible during the week. 

In order to participate in Ivakkak, a dog team has to 

be able to cover an average of miles at a time, within 

the short daylight hours of the winter, and maintain this 

pace day after day. This is something to consider for anyone 

intending to participate in Ivakkak. Try taking your 

dogs out for day trips as much as you can, even overnight 

if possible. “If your dogs are trained for a certain distance, 

that’s what they’ll get used to," explains Harry Okpik. 

Prior to the race, some will increase the dogs' training 

by taking them out every spare chance they have. Last 

winter, Junior May often took his dogs out on his lunch 

hour break and after work, besides the usual weekend outings. 

Some will just increase the distance, but keep the 

same intensity in training. “By this time, my dogs usually 

have found their own pace," explains Charlie Watt Jr. 

"Be careful not to tire the dogs out too much before 

the race,” warns Adamie Qumak. Tamusi Sivuaraapik, who 

travelled from Puvirnituq to Kangirsuk prior to the race 

last year, can attest to that. “It was a bit too much for the 

dogs. They were already tired when I started the race," he 

recalls. 

It is usually too hot to make dogs pull anything in the 

summer. A lot of dog teams are kept on islands, fed every 

day or so by their owner. Bobby Novalinga says that by 

running free, the dogs build more muscle and can also 

develop a hierarchy in the pack. Junior May adds that this 

freedom allows them to escape from mosquitoes and to 


39



When it comes to feeding dogs, everybody agrees 

that country food is the best. Some owners feed their dogs 

fish and caribou, and others seal, walrus or whale meat — 

depending on what is available. The dogs should be well 

fed. As Harry Okpik says: "I cannot eat if my dogs are hungry. 

I feel guilty." 

Dogs do not need as much food in the summer 

because they are less active, but they should always have 

enough water. In the fall, they should be fed more fatty 

foods, which will help their fur to grow thick, advises 

Harry Okpik. "During the cold winter days, feeding your 

dogs fat becomes even more important, as they will need 

it to keep warm," adds Bobby Novalinga. During the dog 

team race, most participants found that the dry food sold 

in the Co-ops was more convenient to carry, while cone1ü5 

ie5nq5b u5ñA5 w¬8Nt4 e1uc3g5 

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iEymJgxÇlQxu4 woCN3©/3m5. 

e1ü5 sW3¯uFxs/u iec9lxExc1qi3ns§5 

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>srsao3m5 e1ü5 iE4vym5yxExc§5 dwi8Ngi4 

es/Jx¬d1qj5> scEx9MuJ6 ÙW k?o1z6. 

refresh themselves in the surrounding water. Alternate 

solutions can be found if no nearby island is available. For 

example, since the CNV asks for dogs to be tied up, Masiu 

Nassak keeps his dogs fenced in and lets them run free 

inside the pen. 

When the ice starts to form, it’s time to bring the 

dogs back to land and start thinking about training again. 

A good way to train them before the snow arrives is to let 

them loose so they can follow a vehicle. “Most dogs will 

follow their master because if they don’t, they know they 

will stay chained up the next time," says Harry Okpik. 

Some owners also harness their dogs to a four-wheeler so 

they can get use to pulling again. 

Breakfast of champions 


rNoµ4f5 xqctQAtc3S5 iegw8â5 e1uk5 iE4vst5yxaiq8i4 

Everyone agrees that country food is the best for hungry dogs. 


40 

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ckw1quJ5, uri3nsÊxgw8Nc5blQ5 wª2 

Z/3bzb nixi5. e1ü5 wtZq5 ka9Mymo3Xb 

vM5ystk5 ”Vaseline”-k5 ß8iystk9l Zincofaxk5 

uax3bsA8NuJ5. vM5ys†5 €8ixystbø5 

"Polysporin" x7ml "Ozonol" mu5yxDtsA8NuJ5 eoD3k5 

"Superglue" -j5 wti3ã5 iWt9lQ5. cJ3©tl xbsy6 

€3eAtsA8Nhi wt5bgk5FxNrb5gk5. 

Ömo yi5bgx9oQx3gZlxD[5 s{?l8î5 

Ü?9MAyi xu§1qgi4 xs9MymMzZlxD[5 w7ui4 

Ìjy yKxÇW4 e1uui4 yKo3g6 

Tamusi Sivuaraapik leading the way for his dogs. 

SwÅm/c3Öo5yxExc3gt5. ckw5gc3ixm¯5 

cspmN1qm5. N5ny5yxq8Nc5bExc3gt5 wfxM5y- 

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ie5nt8i4. 

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x3dtQix3bi hJcMzZlx3m¯5 

cspmN5/q7m5 e1ut8k5 NM5bsyxD8NExc3St5. ■ 

taining all the necessary nutrients dogs need. Charlie Watt 

Jr. suggests using "Tender Flake" lard as a substitute for 

seal fat, which the dogs need as they will be burning a lot 

of energy every day. Harry Okpik recommends feeding 

them enough during the race to keep them active, but not 

so much that they will get lazy. 

Better safe than sorry 

Good training and sufficient food alone do not prevent 

dogs from catching diseases. Make sure that their 

site is kept clean. Do not leave dog feces around for too 

long, and check the droppings periodically for worms. 

Most dogs that eat raw meat will get worms, but this is 

nothing that a small pill can’t fix. Ask the veterinarian 

about it when he is in your community this fall. 

Make sure that your dogs are vaccinated against 

rabies, distemper and parvovirus. These shots are provided 

by the travelling veterinarian and can save your dogs' 

lives. Last year, a lot of dogs in Akulivik died from an outbreak 

of distemper. Proof of vaccination will be required 

for dogs entering the Ivakkak race this winter. Contact 

your CNV to find out when the veterinarian is coming to 

your community. 

Always carry a first aid kit for you and your dogs. 

Make sure it contains a disinfectant such as peroxide or 

rubbing alcohol, which won’t freeze. Also bring scissors to 

cut hair in case of injury and tweezers to remove objects 

from a wound. A needle and thread will be useful for 

emergency stitches and for minor harness or clothing 

repairs. Bandages and a couple of pieces of wood can also 

come in handy in case of a bone injury. 

Most treatments and medicines prescribed for 

humans (such as painkillers) are also good for dogs, used 

in smaller dosages. A good way to 

prevent and treat wounds on the 

paws is to use “Vaseline” or a zinc 

paste (such as "Zincofax") which 

is normally used on babies' bottoms. 

Ointments such as 

"Polysporin" or "Ozonol" will also 

help to heal scars, while 

"Superglue" will take care of deeper 

wounds. A bowl of rice is also 

good to treat diarrhoea. 

Whether you are going out 

overnight or just for a couple of 

hours, always think of your own 

safety as well. You never know 

what can happen. Make sure that you bring something to 

start a fire or to warm yourself up. It is a good idea to 

bring a sleeping bag even if you are warmly dressed. Bring 

a snow knife or shovel and some food in case you get stuck 

in a storm. 

Remember that your dogs are not the only ones who 

need preparation. You, as the master of this equipage, 

should lead by example and always be prepared for 

unforeseen events that the trail may present. ■ 


41

nS5pymi6 eMlZ3i4 

ra¿5nK8k5 xaNh5tk5 

Protecting Beluga for Future Generations 


x9Mbq5 wnWx9 gSx2 wvJ3bshi yÌ+ s9Wx8+rj5 

By Isabelle Dubois in collaboration with Stas Olpinski 


42 

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eMlZ3ixEx3g-nsJE?o3g5 

whµl4vu4 

iq3tbs1qMeõ3iui4.> 

Biologists from the Department of Fisheries and Oceans 

(DFO) have been coming up North to monitor the status 

of the beluga whale populations in Nunavik for close to 

years. In , a survey done in Ungava Bay revealed 

alarming results, which led DFO to advise Inuit hunters 

that a management plan, including community quotas, 

was becoming necessary to ensure that numbers did not 

continue to decline, particularly in the Ungava Bay region. 

An aerial survey of the region done by DFO in 

indicated that beluga from the Ungava Bay stock had not 

increased and those in the Eastern Hudson Bay stock 

had also fallen. In , following consultations with Inuit 

representatives and community tours, DFO introduced 

a five-year co-management plan with new quotas in order 

to prevent the beluga population from a further decline. 

Over this period, the word "quota" has become familiar 

to Inuit, even to those who don't speak English. 

Although quotas are something people here have 

become accustomed to, it is far from being widely accepted. 

On the contrary, some believe that the advent of quotas 

has affected the Inuit way of life and maybe even incited 

people who did not hunt beluga to do so. Quaqtaq Mayor 

Johnny Oovaut, explains: "The quota system has panicked 

Inuit. Before we had quotas, we never saw people all the 

way from Kuujjuaq or Kangiqsualujjuaq come here to hunt 

beluga. If they couldn't hunt beluga in their area, they 

could always count on getting their share of mattaq. But 

now that there are quotas, everybody feels the urge to go 

hunting for beluga, in fear that they won't get their share." 

That feeling is even more present amongst the Inuit 

communities now that the quotas have been revised and 

brought down once again. In fact, following a more recent 

aerial survey conducted by DFO in the summer of , 

the new three-year management plan that was put into

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bm4fx ex3aÔ5b w5glq5 ßmJk5 wMst9lQ5 eMlá5 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

Beluga Management 

place in the spring of , and to which both Inuit hunters 

and DFO officials had agreed, has now been amended. 

The new data showed that the Ungava Bay population 

remained very low and that the Eastern Hudson Bay population 

had dropped drastically, from about , whales in 

to only , as of August . In addition to reduced quotas, 

certain communities have been obliged under this year's interim 

management plan, to hunt in geographically disparate areas 

at great distance from traditional hunting locations. 

According to DFO, if hunters had respected the quotas 

suggested by them over the past years, these numbers 

would have shown a slight increase. As DFO Research 

Scientist Mike Hammill reports: "The Eastern Hudson Bay 

population could number around , beluga today. But if 

the current levels of hunting is sustained, there will be no 

more beluga in the Eastern Hudson Bay within to years." 

In order to remedy this situation, Inuit hunters have 

amongst other things seen their quotas slashed. However, 

not everybody agrees with DFO's new numbers. "We don't 

believe that the beluga are depleting. 

In fact, from the reports that 

we get from local hunters, we 

think that they are increasing,” 

says Anguvigak President Paulusie 

Novalinga. Like many others, the 

Nunavik Hunting, Fishing and 

Trapping Association President believes that it's impossible 

to really know how many beluga there are. 

Most hunters do not agree with the methods used 

by DFO to count the whales. Even though aerial surveys 

enable scientists to cover a greater area in a short period 

of time, it might not be the most effective method."For 

one, the aerial survey was done in August, when the best 

time for counting the whales is in June, when they are starting 

to migrate,” explains Amaamak Jaaka, an elder from 

Kangiqsujuaq. As his son Yaaka M. Yaaka points out, "It is 

also a well-known fact that whales have means of communication 

that far exceed even the best sonar.” In other 

words, whales are very sensitive to sound and, as it travels 

underwater, the drone of an airplane engine can easily drive 

them away, preventing the scientists from seeing them at all. 

Johnny Peters believes that noise is the primary reason 

for beluga not showing up close to the shore or in certain 

estuaries, staying away from Inuit traditional hunting 

areas. "When I was a young boy, there was no such thing 

as outboard motors. Our forefathers used qajaqs and umiaks, 

which were steered by manpower and sail. Today, we 

cannot get by without our machines and the related noise 

has caused certain species, like the beluga, to change their 

migration route,” explains Peters, who is Makivik's Vice- 

President for Resource Development. 

For the past two years, the Nunavik Research Centre 

(NRC), which is administered by Makivik under Johnny 

Peters, has been studying the effect of underwater noise 

exposure in the Nastapoka and Little Whale estuaries 

between Kuujjuaraapik and Umiujaq. The and 

studies, conducted in partnership with DFO research scientists 

and the local HFTAs, have shown that beluga may 


43


44 


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eMlá5 W5Öo/sQxc3m¯b, yKicDbsq8Nut9lA 

kN[s2 eMlZq8i4 kat5yÖoNhx3i6. 

Ömo v?mgc4f5 Wd/1awi5nz5 W5JtQlA, 


remain away from the estuaries due to the noise from outboard 

traffic, which is even greater in such enclosed areas. 

This past summer, NRC Director Bill Doidge and DFO 

Research Scientist Véronique Lesage, along with HFTA 

representative Paul Anowak, measured underwater noise 

levels with hydrophones, while also accounting for water 

depth. The results will be used to better determine the 

level of noise that beluga are exposed to in their habitat 

and will provide information that can be used to minimize 

disturbance by boat traffic. 

While present at Little Whale River, Bill Doidge was also 

joined by DFO Research Scientists Mike Hammill and Yves 

Morin to install satellite transmitters on beluga. With the help 

of Moses and Caroline Weetaltuk from Kuujjuaraapik, as well 

as Jaco Niviaxie, Sarwillie and Jack Anowak of Umiujaq, 

seven whales were tagged during the month of July. These 

satellite tags enable scientists to keep track of the migration 

pattern of the beluga, helping them determine where they 

are for several months after placement of the tags. 

It is thought that whales from all stocks in the Nunavik 

region over-winter in the ice-free waters of Hudson Strait prior 

to migrating to their respective summering areas during 

the spring. Since whales are hunted during their migration, 

Hudson Strait communities (where hunting is still permitted) 

are likely to harvest at least some whales from either 

the Eastern Hudson Bay or the Ungava Bay stocks, which are 

listed as "threatened" and "endangered", respectively, by the 

Committee On the Status of Endangered Wildlife In Canada- 

(COSEWIC). This is why Makivik and DFO urge hunters 

to provide them with beluga samples (a tooth and a piece 

of skin from each whale killed). While the tooth will establish 

the age of the beluga, genetic analysis of the skin will enable 

scientists to determine from what stock the whale originated. 

With knowledge of when and where a whale was hunted 

and from what stock it originates, migration routes and 

the timing of migration will be better understood. With 

these data, better management decisions may be taken 

as to when, where and which whales should be harvested with 

the view of avoiding the depletion of Nunavik beluga stocks. 

As a consequence to the pending federal legislation, 

the Species at Risk Act (SARA), which is expected to be 

proclaimed by the spring of , there is additional urgency 

in trying to ensure that the beluga stocks in Nunavik are not 

further depleted. To assist in this process a "Beluga Recovery 

Team" has been formed. The team is composed of Inuit 

representatives such as Johnny Peters and Paulusie 

Novalinga, as well as Sandy Gordon of KRG, joined by DFO 

representatives Anne Lagacé, Mike Hammill and Danielle 

Baillargeon. As the name implies, the team's objectives are to 

provide constructive recommendations based on traditional 

knowledge and scientific information to ensure that the 

numbers of whales is stabilized in the short term and starts 

increasing over the mid to long term. Meetings of the recovery 

team members with DFO officials and Nunavut representatives 

will take place over the winter period to seek acceptable 

solutions prior to the start of next year's beluga hunt. 

The participation of Inuit in the research surrounding 

beluga is important and scientists are starting to realize that if

CHARLIE ARNGAK 


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Young Julia Arngak participates in a beluga hunt near Kangiqsujuaq 

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(vJyJ5 m2WZ3u ^&) 


they want to get their point across, they will also have to listen 

to what Inuit have to say. For the first time in the history 

of DFO, the Fisheries and Oceans Minister, accompanied 

by his Deputy Minister Dr. Peter Harrison and DFO's Quebec 

Region Director General Jean-Guy Beaudoin, paid a visit 

to Nunavik last August. In expressing DFO's intent to work 

together with the Inuit, Minister Robert Thibault declared, 

"We understand the importance of the beluga for the survival 

of the culture. Our objective is not to keep the Inuit from 

hunting beluga, but to ensure that the stock is there for future 

generations." Minister Thibault also confirmed DFO's desire to 

further involve Inuit when conducting field research on beluga. 

Moreover, pursuant to the Minister's visit, Makivik 

signed a $ , contribution agreement with DFO 

to assist Inuit from certain communities in accessing 

beluga whales from sustainable stocks and to conduct 

a scientific hunt aimed at collecting samples to confirm 

genetic identity of harvested whales. 

In an initiative administered by the Kativik Regional 

Government Renewable Resources Department, DFO will 

also bring elders down to the Maurice Lamontagne 

Institute in Mont Joli this fall in order for them to 

share their knowledge of the beluga whales with DFO 

scientists. Barrie Ford, an Inuit student, has already 

spent part of the summer working with DFO scientists 

at the DFO Research Institute in Mont Joli, tagging 

seals and surveying whales by boat. 

This exchange of information will certainly help 

both scientists and Inuit to better understand each 

other's methods of assessing the beluga population 

and, perhaps, to find a solution that could suit both 

parties. As HFTA Executive Secretary Jimmy 

Johannes suggests, "Science alone cannot dictate 

what solution to adopt concerning the beluga 

whales; traditional knowledge can also teach scientists 

a lot." Johnny Peters also points out that "a lot 

of management-based customs to prevent over-harvesting 

existed and still exist among the Inuit, but 

are not written". 

However, Paulusie Novalinga says Inuit will have to 

take quotas into account if they want to make sure the 

beluga are around for future generations. Amaamak Jaaka, 

who acts as a community agent in Kangiqsujuaq, agrees, 

saying, "I believe that what DFO is trying to do is correct, in 

the sense that they are trying to protect the wildlife. If we 

abuse our wildlife, we are the ones who will suffer the consequences." 

Johnny Peters concludes, "Hunting beluga is different 

today. Our way of life has changed as change is a part of 

life. Even though it’s not always pleasant, we have to live 

with it. What we Nunavimmiut can do now is work 

together to find a solution, in collaboration with the 

government, as we are also part of Canada. We cannot 

think only of ourselves — we also have to think of our 

descendants so that they too can depend on the wildlife. 

The survival of our way of life depends on these natural 

resources, and that is why, fºor the sake of our future, we 

have to safeguard what we have.” ■ 


45

kN[7u W?9oxJ5 

ho ®Ns/c3tbsJ5 fÑ4 b3Czius5 

Funds to Northern Quebec 

sfx ®Ns/c3tyA8Ngw5 Solidarity Fund QFL 

vJyt5yAts§aK5 xuhZM8i4 yKi5noxaymJi4, 

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Ì4fkz Solidarity Fund QFL–fk5 

xzJçE/sJ6. 

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ALACIE MUNIK 

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cladouceur@ndq.fondsreg.com. cEbs/4f5 

bfQxD8Nu/y sKz www.fondsftq.com. 


46 

The Solidarity Fund QFL fulfils several missions, one of which is to invest in Quebec's businesses and to provide them 

with technical support to enhance their development. By investing in small and medium enterprises, the regional solidarity 

funds contribute to the creation and sustenance of jobs throughout the province. 

The Solidarity Fund QFL has recently announced an increase of $-million to the capital of its regional fund in 

Northern Quebec, bringing the total investment in this five-year-old regional fund to $-million. "We are pleased with 

the Northern Quebec Regional Fund’s performance to date and are therefore increasing its budget by $-million to enable 

it to continue supporting job creation and the emergence of solid business projects,” stated the Solidarity Fund QFL 

President and Chief Executive, Mr. Pierre Genest. 

Since its inception in , the Northern Quebec Solidarity Fund has partnered with companies in the region, 

including Katinniq Transport and Arctic Consultants. Projects investments total over $-million and have created or 

maintained jobs. As of June , , this regional fund’s partner companies employed people. 

"Decisions in the region are made by people of the region, for the well-being of the region", noted Mr. Genest. Each 

region has its own board of directors, responsible to decide where to allocate their funds. Under the direction of Mr. 

Claude Ladouceur, the Northern Quebec Solidarity Fund Board of Directors is composed of Cree members from the James 

Bay area, while Jean Dupuis represents Nunavik with another member to be appointed by KRDC. The regional fund’s priority 

is to help develop tourism, communications and transport industries, and to promote regional natural resources. 

For more information, contact the Northern Quebec Solidarity Fund QFL in Chibougameau at () -, by fax 

at () -, or by e-mail at cladouceur@ndq.fondsreg.com. You may also log onto the Solidarity Fund QFL's Web 

site, at www.fondsftq.com

N U N A V I K notes 

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kNuk5 xs9MMs1qi3ui ra9oÙEo3bzk5 

kNo7j5 vq3hJxj5 ÉoMsJ7uJ6. 

Back to Nunavik after 70 Years 

After years away from her motherland, Susie 

Banquet was reunited with her Inuit relatives in 

Nunavik last summer. Born in Kangiqsujuaq in of 

an Inuk mother (Sarah Qupirruq) and French father 

(Joseph Grasset), Susie had gone away to France with 

her father at the age of eight. She first visited Salluit 

(where her mother had eventually lived) to meet up 

with her half-brother Johnny Uqittuk 

("Qaqangaarjuk"). She then stopped in Kangirsuk 

(where she had lived for four years with her father). 

Joseph Grasset, a former Hudson Bay manager, had 

left two other children behind in Kangirsuk with their 

mother (the late Susie Kudluk), Jacob Kudluk and 

Annie Nassak. Susie ended her Nunavik visit in 

Kangiqsujuaq before going back to her home in 

France. 

MARY AITCHISON 

CHARLES DORAIS 

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cz5bÔ3ixî5, kN4fÔfb4f5 

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wMs7ut9lQ5 yr©tA5 

x3dyi5ã5. bm8N gnsmct- 

Œ8iu4 WZhx3iE?5bz5 

W?9oic7mEMsJ6 x7ml 

Ì4fx wkw5 ra9ou 

ª[7WEso3X5 vt1ziEQx9M˜3bui4 

yKic5yxi3nso3ht4. 

Naskapi 

Hospitality 

At the request of the 

Makivik Board of 

Directors, a party from 

Nunavik including 

Makivik representatives 

George Berthe, Adamie 

Alaku, Jobie Tukkiapik, 

Neil Greig, and Charles 

Dorais, as well as Air 

Inuit President Peter 

Horsman were treated 

to two days of fine hospitality 

by the Naskapi 

of Kawawachikamach, 

Quebec, on September 

th and October st. 

The aim of their visit was 

to explore the possibilities 

of business ventures 

or joint ventures. Several 

points on their agenda 

concerned transportation 

such as aviation, 

railway freight and passenger 

services, and 

snowmobile trails. Lines 

of communication were 

broadened by the visit as 

the Inuit look forward to 

the next meeting with 

the Naskapi in 

November. 


47

kN[7u W?9oxJ5 


48 

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wvJ3ymstq5 

Canadian Heritage’s Aboriginal Women's Program 

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x©t/sAmZ/3g5 WZhxD†9l, bm4fx mi/sJ5nsK5 ÉEo !–ais/Ms3tNA. 

x3â5 vNbu ckwoziq8k5 - x3Ni4 wvJ3yms†5 

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ckwoziq8k5. bm5hjz ®Ns/c3tyAtsA8Ngk5 grjxAtoxaymJ5 wl8â- 

ªozK5 ryxi ybmlxaxi4 gÇZc3ht4 mfiz: 

G!H Ü9lgwlt4 gÇZ3i4 

wvJ3ymsti9l, WA5p[slxax§î5gi4 

r9oc3[cd9lQ5 x3â5 

bf8ˆDyq5 x7ml x3Nk5 

wMst5yAtsA8Nix3tlQ5 

grÌ3bsQxo8k5. 

G@H x3â5 tudtq5 wMstbs- 

A8Nd9lQ5 wkoµk5 gÇZos3is- 

Jj5, wMc3tlQ5 gÇZ3i4 wMst5yJi4 

kNc6ÏymJw5 

v?mq8i4. 

G#H wkoµ5 gryt?9oxlQ5 

Ü9lgwAt5nj5 Wix3ii4 x3â5 

x5pŒcbsiq8kxzJk5. 

G$H WosutlQ5 Wix3î5 

xg5yxD8Niq5 vJytbsJi4 

x3Nk5 Wsyosut5yQxDts5ht4 

x3Ni4. 

ALACIE MUNIK 

The objective for this program 

is to enable Aboriginal 

women to influence policies, 

programs, legislation and decision 

making that affect their 

social, cultural, economic and 

political well-being within 

their own communities and 

Canadian society while maintaining 

their cultural distinctiveness 

and preserving cultural 

identity. 

There are two components 

to this program. The 

first is called the Family 

Violence Initiative, and it 

enables Aboriginal women to 

address violence-related issues 

within the nuclear as well as 

extended family within 

Aboriginal communities. The 

second component is called 

the Self-Government 

Initiative, and it enables 

Aboriginal women to participate 

fully and equitably in the 

consultations and decisionmaking 

processes. 

National and regional 

Aboriginal womens’ organizations 

often make use of this 

program to access funding, 

but it is also open to community 

based organizations representing 

the interests of 

Aboriginal Women. The funding 

cycle for projects under 

this program is the federal 

government’s fiscal year 

which runs from April st to 

March st. In order to ensure 

that there will be sufficient 

time to properly consider proposals 

and applications, they 

should be submitted well in 

advance of the first of April.


Status of Women Canada: 

Women’s Program. 

Women’s organizations 

also have the option 

of applying for funding 

under Women’s Program, 

which is now administered 

as part of Status of Women 

Canada. The funding guidelines 

for the Women’s 

Program are very general, 

but they do highlight four 

key objectives. 

() To promote policies 

and programs within key 

institutions that take 

account of women's perspectives 

and enable 

women to take part in 

decision-making 

processes. 

() To facilitate the 

involvement of women's 

organizations in the public 

policy process, including 

policy processes 

involving Aboriginal 

governments. 

() To increase public 

understanding in order 

to encourage action on 

women's equality issues. 

() To enhance the 

effectiveness of actions 

undertaken by women 

to improve the situation 

of women. 

For more information about applying for funding for regional 

or community based projects under the Women’s 

Program, contact below. 

gryQx9MDmJ5 ®Ns/3ÌChxDmstk5 kNooµkxzJi4 

kNo8ªozJi9¬î5 WNhxC5nk5 Ì4fx x3Ni4 

wvJ3yms†5 xÌA3gi4 scM[cD8NSt5 sKz: 

Status of Women Canada 

Québec and Nunavut Regional Office 

St. Denis Street 

Montréal, Québec, HX K 

y?iz/phone: --- s{?¬8î5/ or () - 

yK9oXs5hi wkgw8Ni xJe3gwp3Jxa3g6 

First Inuk Diocesan Bishop 

y2t7WE !%-aMs3gu, x8gÔ xbA5Ìl4 

n9lus6 yK9oÙagw8NMsJ5/q9M6 

wkgw8Nshi xJe3gwp3Jxa3hi, yK9o- 

ÙaMsJ7uZu vNbus5n/s5hi kNc3çym- 

Jcts5hi xJe3gwp3Jxa3hi. srs3bgu 

g5yx[oEp4f5 xsM5y[c§aK5 xqJxl7u4 

kNu4 xqio7u4 #.(-uox8i4 

y4rbsoz5ht4 rMübi4, WQx3ht4 

yeis2 kw[xi5 ˜Xgxu5 tr5hA JÏ8 

kNz yeis2 iW{[xisi3n6 vNbü5g6, 

s{?¬8î5 scD8Nu/K5 vNboµ2 $)- 

zi4 xqicExz. bm8N kN wkdtc3g6 

%#,))) u5ñi sk3io8i4 

wMst9lQ5 !*,))) €1ov4f5 mo5tq5. 

€8gÔ xJe3gwp3JxD3tbsicMsJK6 wcl8i 

w5Jâ5g6 Ôts2 g5yx[zi. 

PATRICIA D’SOUZA, NUNATSIAQ NEWS 

Last September th, Andrew 

Atagotaaluk of Salluit became not 

only the first Inuk Bishop of the 

Anglican Arctic Diocese, but he is also 

the first ever Canadian-born native to 

be installed in this position. The Arctic 

Diocese covers a territory of . million 

square kilometers, reaching from 

Labrador in the east to the Yukon border 

in western Canada, or almost 

percent of the whole country. The 

region has a population of about 

,, including , Anglicans. 

The installation ceremony for the 

new Bishop took place at Iqaluit's St. 

Jude's Church. 

For more information about applying for funding under 

the Aboriginal Women's Program, call or contact below. 

bm5hjz gryQx9MDmJw5 ®Ns/i4 

g5yCstkxzJi4 Ì4fx kNc6ÏymJw5 x3â5 

wvJ3ymstq5b xÌA3gi4, sçM[cD8NSt5 sfkz: 

Aboriginal Peoples’ and 

Human Rights Program Directorate 

Canadian Heritage 

Eddy Street, th Floor 

Hull, Quebec, KA M 

y?iz / phone: () -. 

PATRICIA D’SOUZA, NUNATSIAQ NEWS 


49

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Nf3üu5hQ5. 

50


Sanarrutik Fact 

In the previous issues of Makivik Magazine, a section called “JBNQA Fact” was printed to highlight the elements 

involved in the implementation of The James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement within Nunavik. Since there was 

a new Agreement, Sanarrutik: the Partnership Agreement on Economic Development and Community Development 

in Nunavik, recently signed by Makivik and the KRG with the Québec Government, we will now provide certain details 

of its contents instead. 

. Funding for community and economic development projects 

.. Québec will pay to Makivik and KRG jointly or, subject to 

agreement of the parties, to Makivik and KRG separately, the 

following amounts totalling: 

• $-million in the first year of the Agreement; 

• $-million in the second year of the Agreement; 

• $-million in the third year and each subsequent year of the Agreement. 

The first annual payment shall be made within sixty () days of the date of execution of this Agreement and 

thereafter the annual amounts shall be paid in four () equal installments approximately three months apart. 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

The Association of Montreal Inuit (AMI) now has a place to call home from which they can meet some of their needs as 

a thriving community. No longer will the Association work only from a small office-storage space provided by Makivik 

with Victor Mesher's cell phone as the only means of communication. While the new premises are under renovations at 

the time of this writing, the AMI hopes to be in it’s new headquarters by mid-October at the latest, with an official opening 

on the November th. 

The building is divided into three areas. The first area is designated for an Inuit Arts and Crafts boutique, which will 

be called “Creations Aurore Boreale / Aurora Borealis Creations”, in reference to the splendorous northern lights. It will 

sell products produced by Inuit for southern clientele: items such as clothing, Nunavik Arctic Foods products, books and 

magazines on the Inuit culture and the Arctic in general, as well as Inuttitut music, carvings and paintings. Any excess revenue 

generated through sales will go back into their charity for various activities. As an example, they hope to be able to 

sponsor Inuit children living in Montreal to attend a summer camp next year. The second section of the building will be 

used for the AMI’s offices. 

The third section of the building will have a much larger 

purpose for the general Inuit population in Montreal, functioning 

as a cultural / drop-in center. Much of AMI's future activities 

will center on this section, including many of their monthly 

feasts. It will also be open to the general Inuit public in the 

daytime from AM to PM. On the weekday evenings from 

PM to PM, they plan to have different activities organized for 

the various segments of the Inuit population living in the area 

such as a study hall for Inuit students or a space for women in 

Montreal for medical reasons — perhaps as a change of atmosphere 

from Nunavik House and a place to do some sewing and 

socializing. The space might also be used for Inuttitut courses. 

Much of the inspiration for this facility comes from the 

fact there is a similar structure in Ottawa, which gathers funding 

from various federal departments and general public programs. 

This is the direction the AMI will pursue in the coming 

months to put some meat on the skeleton provided by the good 

graces of the Makivik leadership. A special word of thanks goes 

out to Makivik President Pita Aatami and his generous and 

thoughtful Board of Directors. 


51

kN[7u W?9oxJ5 

xbˆ3Jx6 

bf8ˆbsA8No3g6 

b3Co÷Dt4f5 

Atanarjuat now 

Available on Video 

IGLOOLIK ISUMA PRODUCTIONS 

vNboµul xuxpÜ9l kNzi bf8NC5nyxaiC3bsc5bMsJ5hi, Ì4fx 

xbˆ3Jxf5, W/sA8No3uJ5 iW5n/4f5 i5/Dts÷W4f¬8î5. b3Co÷3[u 

bfMs3ym1qgxD[4r5, µ8Nf5 is[D8No3bt5 Ì4fx b3Co÷oxaymJ5. kwbsym5ht4 

Ì4fkz Alliance Atlantis/Odeon Films–fk5, Ì4fiz 

N7ui3ÌD8No3St5 xbˆ3Jxf8i4 is[3lQ5 Nioµ6 vNbu. Ì4fx 

is[3bsA8NuJ5 fxX4fi5 is[3[xl7u¬8î5. 

Acclaimed in theatres across 

Canada and the U.S., 

Atanarjuat, the Fast Runner is 

now available on video (VHS 

and DVD). If you haven't had 

the chance to see it on the big 

screen, now is your chance to 

get your hands on this landmark 

film. Distributed through 

Alliance Atlantis/Odeon Films, 

you can now obtain your own 

copy of Atanarjuat in video 

stores across the country. Ask 

for it in your local Co-op or 

Northern store. 


b3nnu4 WostAbst5yi6 

Logo Contest 

nMcstÌChQ5 

WIN $500! 

kN[7u kNu4 tAux3tf5 vg5pctŒ8iz5, n3etbsic3cuMs3g6 

®Ns/i4 cq3ifosChx3tsA8âli tusÔix3tlA vtt5y[s5hi 

kN[7us5 kNu4 tAux3toµq8i4, eio3S6 kN[7usi4 wMsdp5hi 

b3ndt5nui4 nNZhx3tlA, r4Zg3iubl W/5nEQxo7ubl grzi4 

kwbt5yyx˜3gu4. 

scom5nstQA8N[oµ5yA5 scomc5boE5y ckwozJ5nsJE/s7m¯5 b3n6 

gryix3ly ñMcstb3gbc5nC/C5y R%))-i4. 

cspmt5yA†5 sKz gC3tlQ5 mr{[f5 x9M[z5 ƒ4Jxu x9Mb3[f5 

x9Mcstz5 ry5Jto4 !&(-u4 gÇDtc3hi wµ4 Makivik Corporation, 

P.O. Box , Kuujjuaq, QC, JM C. --- 

Contact: Mylène Larivière, Makivik Corporation, P.O. Box , 

Kuujjuaq, QC, JM C. --- 

R%))-i4¡ 

The Nunavik Landholding 

Corporations Association, 

which has recently been created 

as a non-profit corporation 

regrouping all Landholding 

Corporations from Nunavik, is 

seeking participation of 

Nunavik people in order to 

find a proper image representative 

of its spirit, duties, and 

responsibilities. 

Call as soon as possible for necessary 

details about this logo 

contest, and your chance to 

win $. 

52


b9om5 wkw5 

wo8ixt5ypsi3u4 

WA8Nstb3cu3g5 

Five New 

Inuit Teacher Graduates 

b4vi x3ÇAu b9om5 

wkgw8â5 WA8Nstbo- 

MsJQK5, W/‰Dtb3ymJi4 

!)) szÌi sk3ic3tyo3g5, 

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n9li Jä !!-u5 #) tr5hA WQs3ntbsAtui4 

WNhxDy3i Wzhi W/‰oCu4 WJ8Nstb3g5 gi/s- 

MsJ5 fÑ4 v?m4f5 gi§z8i4 Brevet d'enseignement 

du ministère de l'Education du Québec-u4 GfÑ4 kNo3Mzi 

woãA8NstH É2Xc3tlA mrx9 wo8ix[3Jx2 WA8Nstb3tyAtQ§zi4 

woãi3u4 kNogc5n/i4 x7ml 

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b4vi x5paxu wMc3ht4 wMq8i4 woãpQMsJ/u8i4 

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wo8ix[3JxziH, xix5 b¥, wä5/ w7S x7ml lwn 

xat4Q6-n[x3J4 GWJ8Nstb3g5H, €i xMf Gwo8ixt5yps2 

wvJ3tzH x7ml uxp É5yn8 Gvt[4 

wo8ixioEi3u grjx5typsJ6 wkw5 woãº5 

wo8ixtbs[z8i4H yKC3yÙ5 Gnsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H: 

Wx5y €Ncb4 Gwo8ixt5yps2 wvJ3tzH pi Ùon-wS 

x7ml Ïo wk2X6-cn9lx6 GWJ8Nstb3©H. sWA§5pmE2XK5 

b4vi x3ÇAu WJ8Nstb3ht4 W/‰DtÌMs3g5¡ 

This year five more Inuit graduated, bringing the 

total to over who have completed the -credit 

KSB / McGill Inuit Teacher Training Program since its 

foundation in . Course sessions are offered twice 

per year in Inuttitut. 

After completing their program during a threeweek 

session in Salluit from July th to th, the 

graduates each received the Brevet d'enseignement 

du ministère de l'Education du Québec (a provincial 

teaching diploma) as well as the McGill University 

Certificate in Education for First Nations and Inuit. 

The graduation ceremony was held on July at the 

Ikusik school. Special thanks were extended to Annie 

Alaku of Salluit who contributed to make this year's 

summer session and graduation most enjoyable. 

The graduates pose here along with some 

of their professors and program administrators. Back 

row (from left to right): Valentina De Krom (Director 

of the Office of the First Nations and Inuit Education 

at McGill University), Annette Tassé, Elijah Imbeault 

and Louisa Angutigirk Saviadjuk (graduating students), 

Annie Alaku (Adjoint Professor), and Mary 

Aitchison (KSB Director of the Inuit Teacher Training 

Program). Front row (from left to right): Betsy 

Annahatak (Adjoint Professor), Jeannie Palliser Epoo 

and Caroline Inukpuk Kadsalluak (graduating students). 

Congratulation to this year's graduates! 

MARY AITCHISON 


53

kN[7u W?9oxJ5 


vb5/g[i3j5 

vtmJ[î5 iWq5 

Throat Singing Conference 

CD Launched 

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WA5pht4 kN[7usl kNÓ3usl vb5/tq8i4 xyst5yÖoic3ht4 wl3DytA5 

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vb5/tq8i4 xyst5yÖoAm5ht4 vb5/i3u4 kN[7ul kNÓ3ul. Öà5gu4 

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S[3igu ci1ålx3tyŒ4ftc3ht4 w9ø5 x9oiq8i4 cExq5b N9oq8îht4. 

grjx5tbs5ht4 sfkz Inuit Communications Systems Limited, Ì4fx ys9[x 

4¬5yxl y8t Exil wMc3ht4 x6rhwpu4 vbE8 Kêu4 iWosD8NyMsJ5 

@*–i4 vb5/ti4. Ì4fx iWox[î5 x6rh3bsQxyMsJ7uJ5 Kwox7 bA3ˆj5, ej4 

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vg5pctŒ8iz5, x?b6 WsygcoE[z5 x7ml wkw5 scomstoEp4fk5 

(Inuit Communications Systems Limited). 

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vb5/i3u4 WNhx3tf8k5 x?b4f5 !%–Qo3bzi4 wk7mE8i4 vtmi7mEc3tyt9lQ5 

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yaE u5ymbo7usb6 òd/symMsJ7uÔ4 Ì5huz iWu4 kw5yQx1zic3tlA. 

cEbs/4f5: www.avataq.qc.ca 

If you would like to obtain this special CD for $ with 

unique throat songs done by beginners and professionals 

from Nunavik and Nunavut communities, you may contact: 

Ì8N vb5/gw5 iWz i5/DtxW7üt9lA W/sA8Ng6 

R#)–k5 vb5/gc3hi WQx1zgi4 x7ml Woiso3gi4 

kN[7usi9l kNÓ3usi9l kNoq8i5 WymJ3i4, 

sKz sçMA8NSy x9Mly¬8î5: 

Avataq Cultural Institute 

Park Avenue, 

Suite 

Montréal, Québec 

HV H 

--- 

www.avataq.qc.ca 

In September of , 

Avataq Cultural Institute 

held the first throat singers 

conference ever specifically 

for Nunavik and Nunavut 

throat singers to preserve 

the cultural art in today's 

modern society. Puvirnituq 

hosted this special event. 

During this conference, 

young children, young 

women, and elders got 

together to share ideas and 

their talents about throat 

singing. From beginners to 

experts, all got the sense of 

how important throat 

singing is in a fast paced 

world. For some it was a 

realization that throat 

singing has a way to bring 

people together, especially 

for the elders and youth 

alike. The late Aisa 

Koperqualuk from 

Puvirnituq also got recognition 

from Avataq for steering 

Puvirnituq throat 

singers back in the 's to 

continue the throat singing 

amongst Inuit women. 

The outcome of the 

conference was to start a 

working group for Nunavik 

and Nunavut throat singers 

to safeguard throat singing 

amongst Inuit in Nunavik 

and Nunavut. An important 

event like this could not be 

missed. To mark the special 

event, each throat singing 

pair recorded their songs 

during the conference at 

the Co-op Hotel in 

Puvirnituq using mattresses 

to control the acoustics in 

one of the accommodating 

rooms. Under the direction 

of Inuit Communications 

Systems Limited (ICSL), 

54


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v7XisJ6 xyxi4 x5ybsAtcMzo3m5 

Nunavik Creations–u4. 

cEbs/4f5 bfQxD8No3bt5 sKz 

www.nunavikcreations.com 

QIMUK DESIGN 

Sylvia Cloutier and Cindy Rennie along with Producer / 

Director Katherine Fry took the time to record 

throat singers. The original recordings were then mixed 

and finalized by William Tagoona from Qimuk Music 

Incorporated in Kuujjuaq along with a cover design 

specifically done by Qimuk Design. The recording was 

possible with the support of the Nunavut Department 

of Sustainable Development, the Nunavut Department 

of Education, the Kivalliq Inuit Association, the Avataq 

Cultural Institute and Inuit Communications Systems 

Limited. 

Finally, a year later, the Throat Singing Conference 

CD was launched by the Throat Singing Working Group 

during the Avataq Cultural Institute's th Elder's 

Conference in Chisasibi. The Working Group Members 

introduced the production of the CD to the Chisasibi 

public as well as the Youth and Elder Conference delegates. 

The members were even interviewed on the local 

Chisasibi radio station about the CD and throat singing 

among Inuit. To keep the unity between Nunavimmiut 

and Nunavummiut, Nunavut throat singers (who are 

also Working Group members) Romani Makkik from 

Igloolik and Susana Singorie from Pond Inlet were invited 

for the special launching of the CD. 

HEIKO WITTENBORN 

Web site Address 

Change 

The Nunavik Boutique Web Site, 

which was launched at the Makivik 

AGM in Tasiujaq last spring and promotes 

clothing, and arts and crafts 

made in Nunavik, already moved to 

another location on the Internetet. The 

new address reflects a name change in 

the company itself, which will now be 

called Nunavik Creations. You can now 

log onto: www.nunavikcreations.com 


55


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56

Inuit Youth 

Exploring the World 

By Sheila Makiuk 

€8t jxcs+ s[Z3gi4 sç[o4 

Andy Moorhouse addresses the youth participants. 

While the youth participated in the 

ICC General Assembly in the new 

Kuujjuaq Convention Center on the 

first and last days, the Inuit 

Circumpolar Youth Conference 

(ICYC) had their own agenda to abide 

ºby in the Adult Education Center. 

The ICYC convene every four years to 

discuss matters pertaining to the 

youth. It is formed of representatives 

from Canada, Russia (Chukotka), 

Greenland and the United States 

(Alaska). Unfortunately, the only 

youth representative from Chukotka 

could not join her peers to discuss 

their current issues. The ICYC has a 

similar model to the ICC but from a 

youth perspective, and one of their 

goals is to amplify their voice so that 

they can be heard. 

After an opening ceremony performed 

by the Kuujjuaq Youth Group, 

Mayor Michael Gordon welcomed 

the delegates to Kuujjuaq and 

Interim President Audrey Saganna 

presented him with a gift as a token 

of the ICYC's appreciation. The 

President of Saputiit Youth 

Association of Nunavik, Andy 

Moorehouse also greeted the representatives 

accompanied by Vice 

President Jonathan Epoo. Guest 

speaker Aqqaluk Lynge, ICC 

Executive Council Member (and former 

ICC President), gave a speech 

which recognized the youth’s importance, 

and reminded them they are 

the ones to carry on the traditional 

ways to future generations. 

Each country first delivered a 

report of their progress in the previous 

four years and plans for the next. 

Adamie Padlayat, President of the 

National Inuit Youth Council, introduced 

a five-year action plan, where 

emphasis was on culture and language, 

traditional education, and suicide 

prevention and intervention. 

Alaska announced that a 

Memorandum of Understanding was 

signed in April between the Alaskan 

Federation of Native Youth and the 

ICYC. George Olsen of Greenland 

reported little development due to a 

lack of participation. Olsen however 

informed the ICYC of a plan to establish 

working groups with the help of 

the government to expand Inuit 

Youth International in Greenland and 

eventually worldwide. The Russian's 

activities in the past four years dealt 

with issues such as language preservation, 

financial difficulties for continuing 

education, unemployment, 

and prevention of alcohol abuse. 

They also made recommendations for 

improving communications between 

the Yupik and the ICYC by proposing 

English language lessons for the 

youth representatives. 

After their presentations, the 

youth focused on the items in their 

agenda as follows: 

. Development and Future of ICYC 

. Arctic Council: The Future of 

Children and Youth of the Arctic 

. Health 

. Employment and Education 

. Language and Communication 

Guest speaker Mary Simon, 

Canada’s Ambassador for 

Circumpolar Affairs (and also a former 

ICC President), lectured on the 

role of the Arctic Council and 

informed the delegates about a sponsorship 

program for student internship 

overseas. Simon also encouraged 

the youth to broaden their horizons 

and strike a balance between the 

Qallunaat and Inuit world to change 

and improve situations in the North. 

Robbie Watt, Inuit Director of 

the National Aboriginal Health 

Organization (NAHO), delivered a 

presentation on NAHO, with an aim 

to get the youth involved in all fields 

of the health care system. 

Jaylene Wheeler explained how 

students in Alaska were faced with 

conflicts of traditional values and 

education. They solved this dilemma 

by creating a balance. If a student 

SHEILA MAKIUK 


57

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■ 

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Nunavik Player 


VICKY SIMIGAK 

58 

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Miali Coley of Iqaluit, new President. 

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iWos3li 

sdàQi3ÙEym/z: hÍDtu4 k3cCh8i6 

v?Ei3Xq5: dW3Dw5 

Name: 

Lucy Johannes 

Date of Birth: 

October , 

Place of Birth: 

Kuujjuaq 

Home community: 

Kuujjuaq 

Favourite people: 

My family 

Favourite Sport: 

Inuit baseball 

Favourite Food: 

Spaghetti 

Occupation: 

Daycare Educator 

Future Goals: 

To become a professional accordion 

player and record my own album 

Most difficult obstacle to overcome: To quit smoking 

ISABELLE DUBOIS

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Technicians Needed for Construction 

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Öà5g5 WNhá5 WNhZE/sQxcDt4 grymicExcC/3g5 ry5yAtoEi3u4 cspn3imE7ul. v5hô5yxgxD[5 

bm4fiz wo8ixDmQxu4 xoxQ/cD[5, Öà5gi4 W9lfQxo8i4 WNhZ3Ìgw8NExcC/3St5 kN[7u. bm8N 

nNº5 WNhxZc3[z whm5nys3[QMs3ixò5. 

There is a lot of construction happening in Nunavik these days, and with the fast growing population in the region, construction 

is a good field for Inuit students to think more seriously about. This is because with more and more people, we 

will certainly need more infrastructures such as homes, institutions, and transportation facilities. 

During this construction season alone, the Makivik Construction Division has two marine infrastructures well into 

completion — in Kuujjuaq and Ivujivik. Furthermore, before next Christmas it is expected that brand new residences 

in five Nunavik communities will be ready for occupancy. 

The construction division has also grown to provide seasonal employment for workers. But there is more to construction 

than jobs such as manual labour, heavy equipment operating, or carpentry. Nunavik is presently lacking in its 

ability to provide experts who are skilled in the more technical jobs as electricians, plumbers, project managers, surveyors, 

architects and quality controllers. 

These kinds of professions require people who are interested in math and science. If you are motivated and already 

happen to have an interest in these subjects, chances are that you can look forward to a very rewarding career in Nunavik. 

Give the construction industry some thought. 

wanted to go seasonal hunting or 

whaling, teachers assigned them a log 

book to keep track of what they 

learned on the excursion, which 

allowed students to earn grades. This 

model could be applied all over the 

circumpolar world. 

On the final day of the sessions, 

the members elected a new executive 

council and chairperson to mandate 

ICYC for the next four years. The 

executive council consists of two 

appointed individuals from each 

country and the President, for a total 

of nine members. Audrey Saganna of 

Alaska stepped down as Interim 

President, and -year-old Miali Elise 

Coley of Iqaliut, was elected new 

Chairperson. She, along with Upaluk 

Poppel and Bjarne Lyberth of 

Greenland, Lee Ryan and Elizabeth 

Hensley of Alaska, and Jonathan 

Epoo of Canada formed the newly 

elected body of the ICYC. The two 

Russian representatives have yet to 

be determined. 

It is planned that these individuals 

will meet again at the next Inuit 

Circumpolar Youth Conference in 

Alaska scheduled for to 

exchange reports of their progress. 

The ICYC and youth committees on 

all levels are vital considering that 

percent of the populations in the circumpolar 

world are youth ( years 

old or younger). Most of the individuals 

involved are pursuing an education 

in various fields; deeming them 

tomorrow’s potential leaders. ■ 


59

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x7ml #H R!@,))) ÌMi4 

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wk5tg5 

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s[4vq8k5. 


VICKY SIMIGAK 

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VICKY SIMIGAK 

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yñyWusi4 wvJ3y/sAtb3gi4 wk5tg5 won3bsi5nuk5 

Patricia Menarick received a check of $12,000 on behalf of the Chisasibi Inuit to support Inuttitut courses. 

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E8i4 

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bm5hjz vtmi7mE7j5. ■ 

60

Saputiit Meets with 

the Elders 

By Adamie Padlayat 

kN[7u W1axt 

Nunavik Player 

The biannual Avataq Elders 

Conference was hosted in Chisasibi 

this past September, to which the 

youth were also invited to attend. In 

these meetings, the youth had voting 

seats, meaning they were able to sit 

and debate in the conference. This 

was the first time that the youth 

were given the opportunity to not 

just sit and listen, but to be able to 

vote and voice their concerns. 

Three main items that the 

Saputiit Youth Association of 

Nunavik presented were: ) Beluga 

Management, ) Language, and ) a 

$,. donation for Inuttitut 

courses for the youth in Chisasibi. 

A Saputiit Board of Directors 

Meeting 

Since most of the youth were 

Saputiit delegates from most of the 

communities, Saputiit had a meeting 

in one of the rooms in the same 

building that the elders met in. 

In the meeting, Saputiit made 

changes regarding the Tapiriilirnik 

Board and travelling members. Sandy 

Arngatuk of Tasiujaq and Jimmy 

Ohituk of Kangiqsujuaq were elected 

to the Board. Also, Jeffrey Fleming of 

Chisasibi was acclaimed Hudson Bay 

Representative for the Saputiit Youth 

Association of Nunavik. 

The Saputiit Youth Association 

of Nunavik President Andy 

Moorhouse gave a financial report of 

activities and of the - budget, 

which was passed. They also 

passed a resolution for the 

Sanarqutiit funds, which will assist 

Saputiit to be more autonomous with 

their organization. 

The Saputiit Youth Association 

of Nunavik gave a donation of 

xtz: 

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wªo3[zb kNoz: yñyW 

xq3Czb kNoz: yñyW 

wk5yxdtq5: 

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W1axDt5yxdtz: X+r5Ù9 X5bu4 S6Üi6 

ie5yxdtz: 

i3o[i6 

hNhxDtQ§q5: 

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fºo8j5 

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x{[xlbEi3Ùq5: hNc1qg5 

v?Ei3Ùq5: 

mz5ystJ5 

Name: 

Date of birth: 

Place of Birth: 

Home community: 

Favourite people: 

Favourite Sport: 

Favourite Food: 

Occupation: 

Future Goals: 

Most difficult obstacle to overcome: 

$, for the Inuit of Chisasibi to 

have Inuktitut courses. Patricia 

Menarick received the cheque on 

behalf of the Chisasibi Landholding 

Corporation Manager Raymond 

Menarick. She is Raymond's sister. 

When she received the donation she 

was in tears, thanking everyone and 

wishing to understand her language 

because she had lost it, and saying 

that the money will help the youth to 

learn what is being lost. 

Saputiit requested that the 

youth be invited into the beluga 

Paula Menarick 

October , 

Chisasibi 

Chisasibi 

My family and my daughter Creelyn 

Basketball 

Goose 

Fancy Shawl Dancer and new mother 

to Creelyn 

Continue my education and own a 

business 

None 

meetings or discussions as they had 

felt like they were excluded. They 

had a few questions concerning beluga 

management in Nunavik. 

The Saputiit delegates were also 

very impressed during their the visit 

to the Hydro-Electric Dam in La 

Grande. 

On a final note, members of the 

Youth Association also wish to take 

this opportunity to thank the Avataq 

Cultural Institute and the elders for 

inviting us to the biannual conference. 

■ 

VICKY SIMIGAK 


61


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ƒ0Jxu, x7ml bm5huz WNhxZc- 

Dm5hi yÍfËu. 

÷8-÷4 ¥r8 

Jean-Jacques Séguin 

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wvJ3yms†5 wMs[s- 

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wªh5gk5 x7ml Öà9lxg5ãN3k5 

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ÌKzl bEs2 xrxkusª3tyic3li, 

xuxpÜ9l kNzk5 

x7ml xyq8k5 yM3Jxusk5. ■ 

PATSY TULUGAK 

62

International 

Exchanges Program 

By Virginie Boussonnière 

The International Exchanges 

Program is a new project designed for 

youth in all Nunavik communities. 

The Program is open to young people 

to years of age, but some exceptions 

may be considered. 

The Program is supervised by 

Frankie Gordon and Silas Snowball of 

the Kativik Regional Government 

Recreation Department in Kuujjuaq. 

Already several partners are involved, 

including Makivik Corporation, Air 

Inuit, the Ministry of Regions 

(Northern Québec Region), and there 

is hope that several other organizations 

will also be enlisted for support. 

The program aims to improve 

accessibility for young people to various 

existing exchange programs and 

systematize international exchanges 

between Nunavik and the rest of the 

world. Initially, exchanges will focus 

mainly on the Brittany region of 

western France. 

The purpose of the exchanges 

will be to forge links between 

Nunavik and the rest of the world 

and to promote Inuit culture abroad. 

Two main categories of projects 

stand out. The first involves athletes 

and artists, while the second targets 

young students and workers who 

wish to expand their knowledge 

through specific on-the-job experiences. 

In the first instance, exchanges 

will be accessible to youth with specific 

skills in a traditional field such as 

Inuit games, throat singing, and carving 

(soapstone, caribou antlers or 

bone). Secondly, it will be accessible 

for youth who have the motivation, 

adaptability and level of schooling 

necessary to do well in a work and 

professional experience abroad. The 

length of stay abroad may be from 

Wx3-l4 MD+ Gnsuxi3y6H bf8Nbst5yJ6 wkw5 W1axDyq8i4 swAw7mE4f5 kNzi ¥8-µ¬u 

Pierre-Luc Larouche (left) demonstrating Inuit games in St-Malo, France. 

one to weeks, depending on the 

project. 

In August , a group of 

young athletes, singers, and a carver 

went to Saint-Malo during the 

Annual Sailing Competition from 

Québec City to Saint-Malo. The group 

represented Inuit culture admiringly 

well to a highly receptive and interested 

French audience. Following 

that, two young carvers from 

Inukjuak went to Picardy and 

Normandy to demonstrate their talents 

and compare their techniques 

with that of French carvers. One 

week was devoted to artistic sculpture 

and the second to commercial 

and industrial sculpture. This was 

only the first of a series of exchanges, 

to say nothing of the participation of 

people from the medical field in an 

international conference on "Family 

Circumstances". 

Furthermore, a first communeto-commune 

exchange was successfully 

held last summer when a young 

man from the Communes 

Community of Baie du Mont Saint- 

Michel, Gurvan Hallou, spent eight 

weeks in Kuujjuaq acting as a facilitator. 

He worked at the Old Fort Chimo 

summer camp and also organized 

soccer competitions for Kuujjuaq 

youths. At the same time, Patsy 

Tulugak of Puvirnituq was working 

in France, also as a facilitator. Both 

young people were enchanted by the 

experience and wish to continue to 

promote dissemination of their 

respective cultures. Patsy will spend 

the coming year working on the 

development of International 

Exchanges for Nunavik youth by taking 

charge of the International 

Exchanges Program. 

The project is also meant to 

include youth from the James Bay 

area and Cree communities, thus covering 

the entire population and territory 

of Northern Québec. Virginie 

Boussonière from southern Brittany 

has started to organize the 

International Exchanges Program in 

Kuujjuaq, and wishes to initiate a 

similar action in Chibougamau. 

The target of the International 

Exchanges Program is to involve 

about fifty young Inuit and as many 

young French people in exchanges 

each year. Depending on its success, 

the Program should range over a 

period of one to four years and 

extend to Europe, the Americas and 

the rest of the world. ■ 

PATSY TULUGAK 


63

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Air Inuit's Jean Dupuis (left) with Frédéric Dion and local kids. 

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xsMJi9l x5pox[iq8i4 xsMic3hi 

sKz wZ˜j5 s4fwDtlt4 

www.artscite.com/puresproductions. 

ts5bs6 sWAh8iJxui4 

Nf3nmE8iui9l cspm/sdpK6 

xsMi3ui nS5pympQMs/uk5 

wMst9lQ5 wkw5 cz5bÔq5 

wvJ3ymicctsMsJJ5. ■ 

ADAMIE PADLAYAT 


64 

An Adventure Dream 

Come True 

Within a -day time period last 

summer, adventurer Frédéric Dion 

crossed the province of Quebec from 

Three-Rivers to Ungava Bay, and 

climbed Mount Iberville (the highest 

peak in the province) along the way. 

Travelling alone, he went up the 

St-Lawrence River to Baie-Comeau. 

From there, onto Kuujjuaq through 

the Manicouagan River and 

Caniapiscau River systems, and 

beyond by plane to a point close to 

Mount Iberville. After the ascent, he 

paddled on to Kangisualujjjuaq and 

then took a plane for home. 

"I saw this goal as an opportunity 

to live an extraordinary adventure 

and to actually do something I had 

been dreaming of for over two 

years," he writes, "As in normal daily 

life, I experienced joyful and sorrowful 

moments. Each day brought up 

unforeseen obstacles and difficulties. 

In order to pass the test, I had to 

adopt a positive attitude." 

He calls his ambitious expedition 

"A Dream on the Horizon", and hopes 

to share the story of it through conferences 

in schools and professional 

institutions. His theme is motivation 

and the importance of dreams and 

challenges. Those with Internet 

access can see photos and video clips 

of the trip on his website at 

www.artscite.com/puresproductions. 

Dion also expressed much gratitude 

to those who supported him 

along the way, including the sponsorship 

that he received from Air Inuit.■

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ye8ilxMs3ymZi. ÌKz st5noCbMsJ7uJz x3ÇAw5 ## xiA3tlQ5 @))!-at9lA, xfixl4 sux3gMsJA5 

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WxCs5hz. xoxQi3ÙEym/C cz5bÔDl4 trt9lA wµk5 u5hi ÷i à[is3Úg6 cz5bÔ3tsuJu4 É2Xc3hi 

trMs3ymJ6. e7ut8i4 xsMpJz, µ si8Ns2 xgMs3ym/q5 kN[ox3hi vq3hj5, sc3ymJ6 e7ut8kÅ6 

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e7uyx7mEx¬Ms3ymJi4. xÌbZl r9oi3usa5hb N5yysExc5bMs3ymJA4 ej5yf5 xÌbZ xqJxl7u4 

N5yMs3ymJ6. sto3hb N5ys2 çzîMs3ymJz cj†8i. cspymJz xuhi4 kN[7usi4 wM4vi4 &#-i4 

cb1at5nc3gz, Wzhi xzc3hz ybmi4 x/c3hz xÌb7ml wMq8i4. xNˆ7m5 wMoµvn5yxq5 

vq3hxl4Jxus5 ƒ4Jxul bm8Ngx6. o“N nlx3yx6 

A Story of Killiniq 

Levina Saluarsiak, Aupaluk 

MARTIN SCOTT 

x3nî5 csmt5y?5g5 kN[oµu 

The northern lights that shine so bright all over Nunavik. 

I was born in Killiniq on November , . In we moved to Aupaluk and then we moved to the other side of the 

bay in Aupaluk in . I like living in Aupaluk better than in Killiniq. The climate is warmer, there is more fauna and the 

skies are less overcast. It is very different in Killiniq where the weather is colder and you cannot go places by ATV or truck. 

There are a lot of polar bears there. The wind constantly blows and almost daily the skies are overcast — the sun hardly 

ever shines there. 

I finally got to go back there in the year , years after we had left. We took a long boat ride that lasted for 

nearly hours. When we got there I saw our first house that was known back then as "matchbox houses". These houses 

had been cleaned and set on fire to burn away. At this site I found my mother's ulu. She recognized it as her own when I 

showed it to her and she started using it again when she was sewing clothing. 

I have a vivid memory of my childhood. The thing that made me happiest was when an Otter aircraft landed in the 

water in front of our village in Killiniq. The pilot may have been Johnny May, along with a co-pilot. I remember our husky 

dogs. Mark Onningnak took my father's dog team to go to Kangirsuk in Nunavik. He later told us that our dogs saved his 

life when he was in danger. I recall when government had our dogs slaughtered back in . 

Those dogs were very good huskies. When we lived in Killiniq, my father and I would go seal hunting by dog team. 

My father once caught a very big seal and I remember sitting on the seal, which was on top of the qamutik as we headed 

back home. I learned that I had many relatives in Nunavik. I have cousins with three uncles from my mother's side 

as well as four aunts from her side too, and more from my father's side. Most of my relatives from my mother's side are 

living in Kangiqsualujjuaq although some of them live in Kuujjuaq. This is my story. 


65

wZsy6 

Recipe 

x3W/6 ÷m 

Arpik Jam 

kN[7us5 wkw5 m3Îi4 w3ò§aK5 - Wlx3gu 

ƒ4Jxus5 - gnoCu4 rNgw8Nu4 >x3W4 ÷7u4> 

sc3gi4. yK9o6 w3cbs1qis/§a1qg6 gn3î3u4 

N9osi3ysDtc3is?5g6 x©t/sc5bymo3g6 x3ÇAi 

ybmsJ1qZ3gi xiA3gi. ra9o6 w3cbs§6 Ö8N 

mm3g6 wZ/s§6 x3W[i6 Gc9lˆtg5 cMmJ5 

r1uNsèH iE/s§a5hi ixd/u ßo5ÌymJü5tlA 

ckgw8Nl8î5 iE/s?5hi. Ömo X3NExgJv9Mu4 

xgw8ND3tQxc§a5hi gn3ˆt5yi4f5 N9osi3ysi5nu4, 

wZsy6 mm3gosDt W/Exr8insK6. xuh5 

wkw5 w7uA5 ÷mosDyc3tlQ5, sN h3dwgu4 

wZlA ÷m1aD8Nyx3g6. 

There are two things that come to mind when people in 

Nunavik — especially people in Kuujjuaq — hear somebody 

talking about "arpik jam". The first thing is the fantastic 

musical festival that has been taking place for the 

past seven years. The second thing is the delicious treat 

that we make from cloudberries (bakeapples) to eat with 

toast or whatever. While it takes an enormous amount of 

planning and preparation to put on a music festival, the 

recipe for the dessert is less complicated. Many people 

have their own special ways to make jam, but here is one 

proven recipe that works fine. 

wÛ5ã5 / Ingredients 

• x3„5 / cloudberries 

• Wb5nFmm3nst / sugar 

• S5Jysts/6 / corn starch 

• wm6 / water 


66 

xgi5 xbsy6 cÔ5b6, wMQxo4 wm3u4 

cÔ5bs2 et3czb et3czi4 h4Ügu4 

t3t?9oxlA. t3to3X5 wMlA xbsy3u4 

s3[s÷l7u4 Wb5nu4Fmm3nstu4 Gmm3iz 

ˆ7mQo3Ö5 mo9lAH. S5Jysts/u4 wm3j5 

xs5tElt5 cJ5bs2 et3czb et3czi4 

i9oN3gv9Mu4 wmc3tlA, Ì8N S5Jysts/bo4 

sxD5ystlA t3tgk5 x3Wk5, Öm1z5 

clwq8Nyx3lAFwaMq8Nyx3lA. sN3tlAl8î5 

i9oN3tlAl8î5 mm3g6 iEoD4. 

For each cup of berries, add /-cup of water and bring to a 

slow boil. Then add a heaping tablespoon of sugar (more or 

less to taste). Dilute a tablespoon of corn starch in / cup of 

cold water and add this to the boiling berries, stirring constantly. 

Enjoy hot or cold.


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wµ sc3hi >s2WDh2Szo wm3WoEp4f5 €éZhxDtcExq5 cªZlx3X5m, nS5pymNhx3mb i3Jtdt5ti4, xg3ilA5b 

i3Jti4, s?A5 ryxi W/CoAt5nt8i4 nNZ5b s?A9l ryxi h3Cbsic˜3hb bm4fkz Wix3icDtQix3bt8k5>. 

>xaNh8i6 Ö5hmi©5/A8âm5. wªy5tA5 Wix3igcK5 Öµ5ãNo5/A8âhil. bm4fx xy5p-?9oxî5 wªy5b 

wMQ7mQ5, d[xN5ãN3Xq4v-lx3tlQ5, vJy5nlb ryxis?7m5> sc3g6 ÷i Wb. Ì4fizl scsyc3hi scEx9MuJ6 

>s?A5 kN[7ustA5 s9luso3g6 WNhctŒAtcD8NSA5 €eAt5nysctŒalb, WNhxctQq8ˆlQ5 v?msJ5 

sW8NCi vNbusk5 wMQ/sZ5b> N7ui5ti4 ryu whmQ/gxc3gns5/q9MA5 ra¿5nK5 whmcys5pym-Qxc3uz5tQ5, 

ie5nb3[nc˜d9lQ5 i3Jti5. bm8Nl ra¿c˜3iK5 W5JtQlA Wbc‰3gdt5ti4 kaMet5yÖoNhx3gnsKA5> Öµ4 

scsyc3hi mr[f5 xzJ3çzb gzoz xg3gni4 WA5p[7u whoJtc3S6. ■ 

SAMMY KUDLUK 


67

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xatAl4 ysÇ{ gWzi 

One example of Chisasibi generosity: youth and elders were treated to goose cooked over an open fire in Dora Angotiguluk Seroff’s teepee. 

VICKY SIMIGAK 

mr{[f5 kNo8i r4Zg3tq5 

Makivik Board Members 

Wo swÌ9g6, yñyW 

êm8 u4WZ6, ƒ4JxÇW4 

s÷W gfl, sus/6 

Xsly cs5yx6 swÌl4g6, wk5Jx6 

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€bu mqs6, wKp[4 

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ãMy Ít, bys/6 

ÔW b3exW4, ƒ4Jx6 

rxi €y?4, b3XzJ6 

Awo €Nˆ6, vq3hxl4Jx6 

Billy Weetaltuk, Chisasibi 

Raymond Mikpegak, Kuujjuaraapik 

Robbie Tookalak, Umiujaq 

Paulusie Q. Weetaluktuk, Inukjuak 

Josie E. Tullaugak, Puvirnituq 

Peter Matte, Akulivik 

Adamie Mangiuk, Ivujivik 

Adamie S. Keatainak, Salluit 

Markusi Qisiiq, Kangiqsujuaq 

Lizzie Kulula, Quaqtaq 

Martha Kauki, Kangirsuk 

Davidee Angutinguak, Aupaluk 

Silas Berthe, Tasiujaq 

Jobie Tukkiapik, Kuujjuaq 

Kenny Assevak, Taqpangayuk 

Willie Annanack, Kangiqsualujjuaq

Makivik Magazine Issue 62

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