Makivik Magazine Issue 77

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SUMMER 2006 • ISSUE 77 

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WQs3n/sJ5 wcl8ixC/3g5 

Pre-sea Training for 

Fishing Industry Candidates 

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« x2Xs2 m8iq8i4 m8ib3g5 wKp[s2 nixi 

…xyq9l xuh5 

• Nunavik Justice Committees 

• Government Benefits Explained 

• Collecting Murre Eggs near Ivujivik 

…and much more 

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Serving the Inuit of Nunavik

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Ì4fNi s9li / This Season 

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2 

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wk8i4 W?9odtÌ3ymJi4 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi xqctŒ8isymJu5. 

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eg3qsChx3iu9l ®NsIi4 st3[sAt5nIi4 wkw5 wMsA8Nyd9lQ5 

b3Cu ®NsItA5 mrbZhx3ij5. 

Makivik Corporation 

Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent and promote the 

interests of Nunavik. Its membership is composed of the Inuit beneficiaries 

of the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA). Makivik’s 

responsibility is to ensure the proper implementation of the political, social, 

and cultural benefits of the Agreement, and to manage and invest the 

monetary compensation so as to enable the Inuit to become an integral part 

of the northern economy. 

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gnC5ni4 x9Max3ymJi9l, x5paxi9¬8î5. x†y, gÇDty GyM†5H, 

sçMstyl x9McystlQ5. 

Makivik Magazine 

Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik Corporation. It is 

distributed free of charge to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. The opinions 

expressed herein are not necessarily those of Makivik Corporation or its 

executive. We welcome letters to the editor and submissions of articles, 

artwork, or photographs. Please include your full name, address, and 

telephone number. 

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Wb €bu, xzJ3ç6 

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€bu xMf, xzJ3ç2 gzoz mrbZhx3if5 WD3Xoxt5yi3u4 

WA5p[7u 

€8bi w5gñ5, ®NsIoEp7mE4 

÷p Ít, x9Mt7mE4 

Makivik Executive 

Pita Aatami, President 

Johnny Peters, Resource Development Vice-President 

Adamie Alaku, Economic Development Vice-President 

Anthony Ittoshat, Treasurer 

George Berthe, Secretary 

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W[Qc5bMs3bt8i4 gn3tyAt5ni4 x9MbsJ5ni9l eu3Dxox5ti4 

W5yxymt5yicMs3gi4. 

We wish to express our sincere thanks to all Makivik staff, as well as to all 

others who provided assistance and materials to make the production of 

this magazine possible. 

eu3Dxos3t / Editor 

Ù2 uxh / Bob Mesher 

scsys2 É2Xk5 k5tEº5/ Translation 

ui xü9M4 / Minnie Amidlak 

? cn9lx6 / Eva Kasudluak 

çpx rosb6 / Harriet Keleutak 

Sgo4 wo¥5g6 / Putulik Ilisituk 

? Wl3©5 / Eva Pilurtuut 

eu3DxD3bsJ5 / Layout 

w5yx5tC tã8f8k5 / Etsetera Design Inc. 

x9MymJ1absJ5 mr{[f8k5 

Published by Makivik Corporation 

P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, Quebec 

J0M 1C0 Canada 

sçMstz / Telephone: (819) 964-2925 

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fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8izi5 W?9odtb3bgk5 ryxi. 

*Contest participation in this magazine is limited 

to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. 

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S[3igus6 €8i‰4ftymJ6 ix3dx‰4ftu4 

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sux3Jxü5tsi3u4 wo8ixhi kN[7u 

wcl8ixtk5. x5pox[iz Ù2 ux§2. 

Front cover: Willie Tullaugak of Puvirnituq is 

equipped in a safety helmet and mask while 

learning to operate fire extinguishers during the 

pre-sea training course for Nunavik fisheries. 

Photo taken by Bob Mesher. 

ISSN 1481-3041 

BERTHA ADAMS & BOB MESHER 

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nS7uAtc3iui9l, ryxi gryt5yAtq5 wk5t©§a1qg5. kN[7u vNbs2 

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Wrsn3Xg5 w8ˆD3i mJC3ht4 x©tix3bui4 w2WAh5yxixdIK5. 

Although the Government of Canada normally informs citizens about their 

support programs and services, is it seldom that this information gets distributed 

in Inuktittut. As there is also no Canadian government office in Nunavik yet, 

we are taking this opportunity to inform Inuit of these services that are available, 

including services for Canadians with disabilities as well as other benefits 

and tax breaks for individuals in the latest federal budget. Furthermore, in our 

explanation of government benefits for Nunavik seniors we outline some main 

points about the Canada Pension Plan as well as an introductory description of 

the Quebec Pension Plan. 

We present an update about the justice committees in Nunavik, which are 

growing in number and importance. Departing from other justice and social 

organizations that are run by hierarchy, the justice committees have no authority 

figures and don’t distinguish between “victims” and “offenders”. Everyone is seen 

as an equal where the challenge is to uproot problems from their source. We also 

have a story from Ivujivik mayor Adamie Kalingo telling about his community’s 

yearly harvest of murre eggs from nearby island cliffs. These Ivujivik rock climbers 

are a hearty breed for sure, and we hope that whatever activity you are into 

this season, you will do so with care.

wloq5 / Contents 

sW3¯6 @))êu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 &&-u4 

 

iDx˜3dt5 ‘xq3lt5’ ß4©WE !^-u5 @)-j5 

Vote “Yes” on October 16 th to 20 th 

04 

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Nunavik Justice Committees 

06 

Ó+ wx: i3o?9˜5 

First Air: Nirlivallaat 

11 

wkgò5 W?9odtÌEhq8i4 gryN3tyAtsJ5 

Benefits for Seniors Explained 

15 

wly3¬tc3gªozJ5 

For People with Disabilities 

19 

WdItÅ3io8i4 

Legal Tips 

22 

v?mgc4f5 Ì4yoEi3u4 W?9odtq5 

gryt5yAtsJ5 

Federal Tax Benefits Explained 

24 

MAINA KUMARLUK 

kNc3çymJ5 s9ldtz5 Ôi @!, @))^, ÔyW ˆM5©I6, wonW wk2X4, bix9o wk2X4, 

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yKÇî5ht4 wk5Jxu wl3dyoEpk5 nNIsJ[i3u4, Sr4fk5. 

National Aboriginal Day, June 21 st , 2006, Josephie Nalukturuk, Elisapee Inukpuk, Daniallie Inukpuk, 

Mary WA5pJ5 Pirti Kumarluk kN[s2 and wkq8i4 Nancy Palliser pose wearing 

traditional Inuit garb in front of this sealskin tent 

that was made by Inukjuak’s local cultural committee, Pukik. 

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Nunavik Creations 

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Caught in the Trawl 

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Inuit Cultural Identity 

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Akpyte: Strength in Numbers 

27 

28 

30 

36 

sˆ hNV / WHAT IS THIS? 

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Air Inuit Propwash 

39 

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hNs7m¯5 NMs5ylxgxD[5. hNsJE5yi3k5 NMs5yQxDtt5 

x9Mb3[f5 xs9Mt9lQ5 sKz gÇ3lt4 “Mystery Photo 

Contest” x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6 s?i gÇDtu. 

WJ8NyxdN3St5¡ 

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Nunavik Notes 

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Youth 

42 

50 

You could win $100 if you guess what this mysterious picture is. Mail 

your answer to “Mystery Photo Contest” at the address shown below. 

Good Luck! 

ñM8îAtÌEx9ä5 / BONUS PRIZES 

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y5t7WE @(, @))^-u 

Drawing will be held in Kuujjuaq on 

Friday, September 29 th , 2006 

x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 

Wos5pAtc3i6 mr{[s2 

gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 

WA5p[z5 

Mystery Photo Contest 

Makivik Corporation 

P.O. Box 179, 

Kuujjuaq, QC 

J0M 1C0 

m3Î4 mr{[4 eu3Dxq5b Év9Mc3ht4 s[iDq4 x7ml 

m3Î4 kN[7u nNá5 bfuN3©ht4 X3dI5nIq4 NXb5nIq4. 

Two Makivik Magazine T-Shirts and two 

Nunavik Creations decorative candles. 

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cz5bÔq5b m3DoxÎ2 wZ˜zi4. xyq5 

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€Nˆ6, pi ®8 x7ml ÌMyx w[9M6. 

Willie Lucassie of Aupaluk won $100 for 

correctly guessing this Air Inuit Twin Otter 

bubble window. Other great prizes went to 

Peter Koovalook, Susan Annanack, Jeannie 

Cain, and Talasia Ivilla. 

MAKIVIK magazine 

3

ß4gWE !û5 tr9lA ß4gWE @) 

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cEbsI4f5 gê8Nbs[QA8Nbq5 WzhwaJ5 N9oxk5 

gê8N[QlQ5 gryQx4viD8Ngt5 sfNi: 

www.makivik.org 

www.nilca.ca 

www.nilca.org 

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y2t7WE !!, @))û4. Ì4fNi s9li bƒtõEKA5¡ 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

4

Let’s Get Out on October 16 th to 20 th 

and Vote “Yes” for the 

Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement 

A Nunavik-wide vote will take place concerning the Nunavik Inuit 

Land Claims Agreement (NILCA) on October 16 th to 20 th , 2006. Fifty-percent-plus-one 

of all eligible Nunavik Inuit voters must vote “Yes” in order 

for it to pass. 

If the vote passes, then: 

• Nunavik Inuit will become owners of 80 percent of the land in the 

offshore with full subsurface resource rights. 

• Nunavik Inuit will receive approximately $85-million, of which $55- 

million will fund a new Nunavik Inuit trust that can make payouts 

to individuals. 

• Nunavik Inuit will have secure harvesting rights and management 

responsibilities for lands and resources. 

• Nunavik Inuit will benefit from a fully funded implementation plan... 

and much more 

Makivik Corporation urges you to get out on October 16 th to 20 th 

and vote “Yes”. 

Information on the NILCA is being sent to all the communities in 

Nunavik this summer and the Makivik executives continue to speak about 

this important matter via our local FM stations. A website can also be 

accessed which provides information on the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims 

Agreement, including an audio message from Johnny Peters describing 

its importance. 

Go on the Internet to any of these three sites to learn more: 

www.makivik.org 

www.nilca.ca 

www.nilca.org 

The Makivik executives as well as others who have been working 

to develop this Agreement will begin an information tour of all Nunavik 

communities on September 11 th , 2006. See you then! 

Here is the question that will appear on the ballot: 

Do you approve the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims 

Agreement (NILCA) and authorize Makivik to sign 

the Agreement? 

YES 

NO 

If you don’t vote, it is the same as voting “No.” Remember, a lot 

of hard work has taken place over the past 12 years to develop this 

Agreement. 

BOB MESHER 


5

xîb fxb w3cgw[oEi3u4 vt1zpi4 xbs5yƒ3typ kN[7u. 

Anita Gordon is the community justice initiatives coordinator in Nunavik. 

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WNhxctŒ5g5 Wsi3nj5 yKi3j5 

Our Justice Committees: 

Working for a Better Tomorrow 

BOB MESHER 

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6 

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wo8ixg[is5hi wo8ix[7mEs2 xsMbzî5hi. @))!u 

x3ÇAoµvn7u xîb wvJMsJK6 W?9oxbsizi4 w3cgwp- 

So far there are justice committees already up and running in seven 

Nunavik communities: Akisartuijiit Committee of Kangirsuk, Kakautik 

Committee of Kuujjuaraapik, Sungirtuijiit Committee of Puvirnituq, 

Ikitsijiit Committee of Quaqtaq, Kutsanangitut Committee of Salluit, 

Saimmautik Committee of Inukjuak, and Aupaluk (which does not have 

an official name yet). Kuujjuaq, which had a youth justice committee 

about 10 years ago as an alternative measures program, has made ovations 

to start up again, while Akulivik, Kangiqsualujjuaq and Kangiqsujuaq 

are also showing more interest. “To see one in every community — that 

would be ideal,” says Anita Gordon, who is the community justice initiatives 

coordinator for all of Nunavik. 

Anita first became interested in justice committees while living 

in Kuujjuaraapik upon graduating from a Social Sciences college program. 

In 2001, after nearly a year of helping to develop the Kuujjuaraapik 

committee, she was stationed at Makivik’s head office as a regional coordinator 

to replace Lucy Grey. With a growing number of communities 

getting their own justice committees and increased activity, Anita says

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Justice Committees 

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xfiZ˜4 gryZhMs3g5 bm5huz, xhw˜ gry5yxgxCu4, 

scMs3g5: ''h7Ë5 w3yQ5ni3u/C.'' 

wkdtQIsJ5 vmQIsJ5 vtmpxk5 giIs?9l§aK5 

w3cgwp4fi5 s{?¬8î5 wªyoEp4fk5, wMq9o N7ui6 

wvJ3bsAmo3ym§aK5. 

ø8 ¥8-lw sfNi WNhx3g6 Taiiga Vision-f8i, Ì8N 

wµôMps§aK6, wo8ixt5yi3ul, xyqil nS5pi8i4 

WNhxD5phi w3cgwpxW8k5 WNhx3ymK6 wkw5 kNoq8i 

!(((ui5. ø8 sc3S6 ''WNhx9ME5bC m8NsK4 w3òtQx3hQ5 

wkw5 bm8N w3cgwpoEi6 wk8ªoz3m5 yf5nI8ªo1zqm5, 

x9McstªozZi9l, w3cg3bsymJ8k¬8î5 ry5ytgw8Nk9lî5— 

ANITA GORDON 

she hopes there will soon be full-time local coordinators to help carry 

the workload. “I can’t always be there for every one of them. It is not just 

six anymore, it's now seven and it is getting more and more complicated 

because they are seeing more and more cases — the way to operate as 

a justice committee is more sophisticated as a result.” 

At first, the justice committee members worked solely as volunteers 

without recompense, but these days they receive a per diem for their 

time. “This is a form of saying ‘thank you’ to them,” Anita said. “But the 

people who come into a committee with the thought that they will make 

money out of it don’t last very long. They quit right away. So the people 

who do stay are the ones that are serious right from the beginning.” 

Justice Quebec and Justice Canada have funded Nunavik’s justice 

committees since the inception of the Makivik community justice program 

in 2000. Also, since 2005, funding for the part-time administrators 

comes from the NRBHSS. Makivik requests and administers the funding 

for Anita’s position and all that goes with that such as her salary, office, 

and support from the Corporation’s legal and finance departments. 

Makivik also administers funding for training and justice committee 

honorariums. 

Five is a good number of members for a justice committee. If it 

goes beyond that financially it is straining and you have to wait for more 

people to show up to form a quorum. A minimum of three is needed to 

make a good decision. 

There are no authority figures — everyone is viewed as an equal. A 

member is ideally someone who has not committed a crime for at least 

two years, although if they had been in trouble with the law previous to 

that and have not recommitted, they are accepted. Some members were 

at first doubtful about their qualifications and uneasy about the prospect 

of working with an offender. “We have to remind people that you 

w3cgw[oEi3u4 vt1zº5 WQs3nIsic3ht4 m8gEx9u. 

Justice committee members during a training session in Montreal. 

already have it in within you. We all have different knowledge, wisdom 

and experience. That doesn’t make us any better or worse than anybody. 

When people see that they are recognized and treated as human, 


7

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

vvst4 vt1zº5 ƒ4JxÇW7u w3cgw[7üht4. 

Kakautik Committee members in the Kuujjuaraapik court house. 

ANITA GORDON X2 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

8 

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wªycyi6 ˆ7m[c5yxi6 grc3S6 §h5nyx3iu4 wªyzi4 

xbsys2 wª2. 

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ckw5©m¯bl ˆ7mˆ3gu4 wªyc3i6 ˆ7m[c5yxi3j5 

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vh3î5, wk7mE8k5 sç[si8k5, x7ml nS5pi4f5. 

you open up. In addition, when you are recognized and accepted, you 

tend not to be violent. You are not going to burst out and get angry, 

because your needs within you are being met. It took them a while to 

understand that, but when they did, they said: ‘why was I afraid in the 

first place?’” 

Clientele are usually referred by the court or social services, but 

some come looking for help on their own. 

Lyne St-Louis of Taiiga Vision, which provides consultation, training, 

and other support services for justice committees, started to work 

with native communities since 1999. She says, “My role is in fact to 

remind people that justice is about people and not about paper, files, 

cases and numbers — it is 

by recognizing that people 

are a priority that we 

will achieve social peace. 

Justice is not about procedures 

and court rooms, 

justice is about the respect 

of the dignity of each individual.” 

Taiiga Vision, which 

serves other native territories 

besides Nunavik, 

defines justice committees 

as independent community-based 

structures that 

address conflicts of various 

natures that can lead 

to crime or that could eventually lead to crime. The main concern of a 

justice committee is to take the time to listen to people’s needs, concerns 

and feelings in order to support them in the search of solutions. 

They provide opportunities for people to take ownership of their conflicts 

through different processes. A justice committee supports people, 

facilitates conflict resolution, brings back dialogue where there is painful 

silence, and facilitates community reintegration. It also helps to empower 

the community by providing tools to resolve conflicts and enlightens



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ANITA GORDON 

ã7ms†5 vt1zpq5 wk5Jxu wMc3ht4 o8 ã8lwu4 Gbo3Wxî5g6H. 

Members of the Saimmautik Committee of Inukjuak with Lyne St-Louis (right). 

the court by recommending culturally relevant sentences. The justice 

committees support people of all age groups and gender. Some important 

values that justice committees are based on are respect, honesty, 

sharing, courage, healing, autonomy, harmony and peace. 

Members of the justice committee are striving to bring back the 

important values of mutual assistance and a sense of collectivism. Justice 

committees use ways such as mediation, peacemaking circles, healing 

circles, sentencing circles, elders counselling, and support. 

What Anita Gordon loves about her job is that it gives her an opportunity 

to travel to the communities and meet elders. She encourages 

them to recall what it was like before there were police, courts, and social 

services. For example, when a man was habitually promiscuous, it was 

considered a serious sickness that would, if not stopped, lead to death 

— in spirit, in heart, in mind, and eventually physical death. “Cheating 

could destroy a community because of the lack of trust and jealousy that 

springs up,” Anita says. “To put it bluntly, when a man is promiscuous, 

his manhood [his penis] is like a tail. They start dragging it and become 

a slave to it. He is no longer self-sufficient and it can ruin his whole life 

to the point of death — previous generations of Inuit didn’t just watch 

and let a fellow human being suffer needlessly.” 

Anita also learned about the warning story of a hairy hand grabbing 

anyone who tried to steal. And severe steps were taken if a man 

beat his wife. A camp leader such as the best hunter or a wise woman 

would approach the abuser and tell him to stop. It was explained to 

him that his wife had already suffered enough while giving birth to his 

children and she did not deserve any more pain. If he did not change 

his ways, the wife and children would be taken away and she would 

get another husband. If his violence continued, he would be banished 

from the camp. “It was a phase system that was respected and followed 

through. They wouldn’t allow it to go on over years, they would actually 

do something about it right away,” Anita says. 

She says the communities are getting to understand and respect 

the justice committees more now than before. “The community member 

would say, ‘I don’t know who you are, I don’t know what you are, or 

what do you want.’ Not just the courts, but also the people recognize 

justice committees now. They will say, ‘My brother was helped by them 

or my son or my brother-in-law or my sister.’ They know the justice committees 

by personal association.” 


9



mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

10 

raizi, sc3bsoMsJ5 wMŒ5 xoxh8inso3t9lQ5 xatl 

s[Z3g6 s2WQIc3yxi3nso3tlA xsM1qi3nu4. 

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x7ml ''w3cgw[s2 

Wsyz''. 

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There are a number of examples where justice committees have 

worked well. One time a young man who is usually calm and friendly 

went on an angry rampage at home, smashing things and threatening 

the household. The case was diverted to a justice committee and 

he was ordered to pay for the things he had broken. A dialogue was 

opened up amongst the family and justice committee members to see 

what was behind the angry outburst. It was learned that the young 

man had witnessed his mother being beaten by his father when he 

was a child and he had no outlet for his pent up anger. He verbalized 

the need to feel loved by his parents, which led to more compassion, 

especially from his mother. In a follow-up to this case, it was reported 

that the family was happier and the young man now has more confidence. 

The training for justice 

committee members 

is provided by Taiiga 

Vision Services and delivered 

by Lyne and Anita. 

The seven-module training 

for justice committee 

members include topics under the headings: “Toward Native Justice and 

Social Peace,” “Building a Community Justice Structure,” “Introduction 

to Conflict Resolution,” “Humanistic Mediation and Peacemaking I,” 

“Humanistic Mediation and Peacemaking II,” “Sentencing Circle,” and 

“The Court Process”. 

Workers such as police officers, social workers and probation officers 

are sometimes invited to the training sessions so they can understand 

the justice committees with the intention of forming better collaborations. 

“We invite them so they will know what we are about. They will 

understand the justice committees are not a threat — not there to take 

over their job but to enhance it,” Anita says. 

Anita says there is a perception that being dealt with through a 

justice committee is the easy way out. However, it might in fact be easier 

to serve time in jail than to face reality and people affected by ones 

hurtful actions. She says, “When you are being dealt with by the justice 

committee you have to take responsibility and recognize that you did 

do something wrong and you have to make amends. You have to face 

the victim and the family, face your own family for what you’ve done, 

and face yourself too. That’s the whole point. This is not done in court. 

It takes a lot of courage and humility to go through a justice committee. 

People who go through justice committees are the ones that are 

ready to change.” 

Lyne adds, “Instead of seeing people as offenders and victims, which 

is stigmatizing, members see people that are trying to work things out 

for a better tomorrow. They witness people getting together again, trying 

to find solutions and take a step forward toward reconciliation.” 

Anita finds that although the court and other organizations do make 

a difference for serious crimes, they tend to treat “outside issues” rather 

than to prevent crimes. “This is the whole point of justice committees,” 

Anita says, “to meet the needs of the people that are not being met by 

the court and other systems like social services and police. When you 

get to the root of a problem it makes people feel acknowledged and 

accepted. When they do this on their own, they feel empowered and 

become happier human beings in the community. It is something that 

is being done one person at a time.” 

NOAH TAYARA

WîN ¥usi ‘s9lys5y‰3bsc5bo’ 

cz5bÔ3tu4 x5pos3bscto4 rxE Ílu4. 

Posing with flight officer Gary Buhler. 

wkw5 WîN yusiu4 

v t y M s 3 y mC b 1 q g 5 , 

vtyA8NyymdNo3d5¡ 

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xrroQx3tyymi3u4 WNhxDtsJ5 

sftÅN cz5bÔ5 x3dyiq5tA5 wrA†5 

xrroQx3ymtbsicõ3uJ5: 

Say “Good Day” to Penina Simiunie 

For those who do not already know Penina Simiunie, we hope you 

have had a chance to meet her! 

In November 2005, Penina joined the First Air family as customer 

services manager at our Montreal location. With over 14 years of experience 

at both First Air and Air Inuit, Penina finds that working with the 

public is extremely rewarding. “I really enjoy meeting all of our customers, 

many of whom are my friends and family, travelling to or from the 

North.” Having been born and raised in Nunavik, Penina realizes the 

WîN ¥usi wrQx3g[7üg6 Ó+ wx4fi m8gEx9u. 

Penina Simiunie at the First Air gate in Montreal. 

importance of air travel but also understands the concern some people 

have with flying far from home. “I would like all of our passengers 

to know that they are welcome and not to worry if they only speak in 

Inuktittut. I am here to greet them and to assist where possible in making 

their travel experience on First Air a pleasant one.” 

Penina has been a fantastic addition to our customer service team 

in Montreal, which is led by Alex Hesketh, First Air’s station manager. 

“First Air is a great place to work and I really enjoy working with all of 

the agents and other staff at the company,” says Penina. Penina is a very 

welcome addition to our team. The Company would like to applaud 

the efforts of all First Air employees 

who work diligently on a daily 

basis to ensure that our customer’s 

travel experience on First Air is an 

enjoyable one. 

So, on your next flight through 

Montreal, don’t be shy — be sure to 

stop by and say good day to Penina, 

she’s there to help. 

First Air and the Ilaujuq 

Fare Program 

First Air is pleased to once 

again offer our participation in the 

2006 Air Inuit Ilaujuq Fare Program. 

BOB MESHER X3 


11

i3o?˜5 

Nirlivallaat 

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kN[7usk5 yKi5ti4 vJyt8ixlQ5 WMzIK5 yKi5nt8il 

Ó+ wx4ftA5 xsMiE˜3by8i4 iEsQIc3ixSA5. 

Since joining the program in 2004, the response has been extremely 

positive and First Air is pleased that beneficiaries will now enjoy even 

lower pricing than previously experienced. 

For 2006 the Ilaujuq Fare Program will now be made available on 

the following routes at these special low fares: 

– Kuujjuaq to Montreal and return: $750 inclusive of all taxes and 

surcharges 

– Kuujjuaq to Iqaluit and return: $325 inclusive of all taxes and surcharges 

Please note that there are a number of conditions that must be met 

in order to secure an Ilaujuq seat. Please feel free to contact First Air reservations 

at 1.800.267.1247 or Air Inuit reservations at 1.800.361.5933 

for further information on the conditions or to book your next trip. 

This is an extremely valuable program for beneficiaries of Nunavik 

and we look forward to seeing you on board First Air. 

®NsItA5-yM5gn3i6 

Penny-Wise 

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12 

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Nlâ3ymAto8i4 

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evDt5nIi4 

ni3¿tEis2 

X3NymAtq5 (RRSP) 

(wMz @) 

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ra9oEyIq5 gryt5yNhxDtsJ5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 

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wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEAtoEis2 

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xro3gwAtoxa§5 sk3iq5. v4fNi ra9oi y4rbsN3tgî5ht4 

By Sheila Makiuk and Andy Pirti 

Registered Retirement 

Savings Plan (RRSP) 

(part 2) 

This second part of our RRSP information focuses on 

how a married or common-law couple can reduce their 

taxes by income splitting and contributing to their 

spouses RRSP. 

Your partner and you can save money by one simple 

method; income splitting, and it can be a very effective way to lower 

the overall amount of taxes you pay or increase your refund. This means 

more money in your pocket! 

TABLE 1 

@))%u Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtoxamJ sk3iq5 

2005 Tax Brackets 

v?mgc4f5 GvNbH 

Federal (Canada) 

kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H 

Provincial (Quebec) 

15% - $35,595 wr8iã9lî5 / or less 16% - $28,030 wr8iã9lî5 / or less 

22% - $35,595 - $71,190 20% - $28,030 - $56,070 

26% - $71,190 - $115,739 24% - sk3insgx3Xb / more than 

$56,070i5 

29% - sk3insgx3Xb / more than 

$115,739i5


Penny-Wise 

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€bus2 sk3iXst9lQ5 ni3ëAtQA8Nbq5 R^,#))at9lQ5 

The key to income splitting is that our Canadian tax system is based 

on tax brackets. As you can see in the table below, the higher your income, 

the more tax you'll pay on new income (see Table 1). 

Next we have an example of one couple’s tax liability without any 

RRSP contribution. In 2005 Mary’s salary was $75,000 and Adamie’s salary 

was $35,000 (see Table 2). 

Mary’s 2005 maximum RRSP contribution limit is $13,500 and 

Adamie’s limit is $6,300. (Recall, we explained in our previous issue of 

Makivik Magazine how to calculate an RRSP contribution limit.) They 

have a combined tax liability of $39,926 for 2005. If they each contributed 

$6,000 to their RRSP, it would reduce their income by $12,000. Here’s 

how it would affect their total tax liability (see Table 3). 

TABLE 2 

uxp / Mary €buAdamie / 

v?mgc4f5 / Federal 

Ì4¥DtQQxoq5b 

q5 / Tax Rate 

®Ns5Iñq5b sk3iq5 

Income Bracket 

Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 

Tax Liability 

v?mgc4f5 / Federal 


q5 / Tax Rate 




Tax Liability 

15% 0 - 35,595 5,339 15% 0 - 35,000 5,250 

22% 35,595 - 71,190 7,831 

26% 71,190 - 75,000 991 

vt5ht4 / Total 14,161 vt5ht4 / Total 5,250 

kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H / Provincial 


q5 / Tax Rate 




Tax Liability 

kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H / Provincial 


q5 / Tax Rate 




Tax Liability 

16% 0 - 28,030 4,485 16% 0 - 28,030 4,485 

20% 28,030 - 56,070 5,608 20% 28,030 - 35,000 1,394 

24% 56,070 - 75,000 4,543 

vt5ht4 / Total 14,636 vt5ht4 / Total 5,879 

vt5ht4 v?mgc4fk3g5 

fÑ4l v?mzª3g5 / Total 

Federal and Provincial 

28,797 vt5ht4 v?mgc4fk3g5 

fÑ4l v?mzª3g5 / Total 

Federal and Provincial 

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Ì4ftÅN sc3bsic1qM5. 

This example strictly illustrates the tax bracket rates on earned income. It does not take into account deductions for Quebec Pension Plan, Canada Pension Plan, Quebec 

Parental Insurance Plan, personal tax credits, or any dependants. 

TABLE 3 TABLE 4 

11,129 

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evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAtq8k5 R^,)))i4 

niëJ[isAt4 ckwoziEZI3bQ4: 

If Mary and Adamie contributed $6,000 each to their respective RRSP: 

Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 / Tax Liability 

uxp / Mary 25,884 

€bu / Adamie 9,029 

bm3u4 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 

vtt5hQ5 / Combined Tax Liability 

34,913 

®Nsè5 sk3iø5 R!@,)))i4 w¬8Nq5 uxps2 

ni3¿è[zk3bsJ[is2Xb wàozoCI3g5 

If the entire $12,000 is contributed to Mary’s RRSP 

Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 / Tax Liability 

uxp / Mary 23,124 

€bu / Adamie 11,129 

bm3u4 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 

vtt5hQ5 / Combined Tax Liability 

34,253 


13


Penny-Wise 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

14 

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kx5yAtt8i4 wroQxE[Q¯3lQ5 N9ogw8Nt4 ®Ns5In3ins2 

kxbq5 x7ml sk3insQx3gi4 É2Ñ5 ®Ns5Iñr8in6 

Ì4¥IDtc3tQx¯3lA. 

Combined they would instantly reduce their tax liabilities by $5,013 

(I.e. $39,926 minus $34,913). However, they can save hundreds of dollars 

more by contributing the entire $12,000 to Mary’s RRSP (see Table 4). 

Remember, any contribution made 

by either spouse cannot exceed that individual’s 

personal RRSP contribution limit. 

Mary and Adamie would save an additional 

$660 (I.e. 34,913 minus 34,253). 

As you can see from the example above, 

the greater the difference between the 

spouse’s income, the greater the tax saving. 

By contributing the entire amount 

into Mary’s RRSP for the couple’s retirement, 

it actually lowered her income and 

therefore lowered the amount of taxes 

she had to pay. Adamie is already in the 

lowest tax bracket so the savings would 

not be as great. 

You can also contribute to a “Spousal RRSP”. If you do this you 

will get a tax deduction on your personal return. The contribution is 

counted along with any contributions you make to your own RRSP so 

again any RRSP contributions cannot exceed your total available contribution 

room. The Spousal RRSP — and any contributions made to it 

— are owned and controlled by your spouse. This is part of retirement 

planning, if you expect you or your spouse to earn more during retirement 

you can reduce the amount of taxes you have to pay by shifting 

some of your household's retirement savings from the spouse with the 

higher income and a higher tax rate into the spouse with lower retirement 

income and tax rate. 

xoxN3hi gnC5nyxa5hil h9obsJ6 

g1z[Q5hQ5 Ì4yIDt[i3ui4 st3bsAt5nui4 

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et3cq9l çqstymMsJ5ht4.H 

Ì4fiz rybmsJi4 W[symJ5: vNbu ry5yº5, 

The Daily/s9lbµ5 gnC5ã5’ 

Fun Fact 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

According to income tax returns filed in the spring of 

2005, 6,002,350 Canadians contributed to an RRSP in 2004. 

The national median contribution was $2,600. (The median 

is the point at which half of contributions were below and 

half above.) 

Source: Statistics Canada, The Daily

®NsItA5 W?9odtc3tbsAtq5 

kN[7us5 wkgcq5b 

Pension Benefits for Seniors in Nunavik 

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WZhxDt5nu8i4 bb3ãQxc3iui4. 

m3Dwozlx1axmî4 v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3ifuk5 

WNhZc3cè3ymo3gi4 ®Ns5Ic5bt5yAtQA8N§q5 sNi ra9oi 

sc3bsJ5. wkw5 w¬8NtsJ5nsqgw8NuJ6 Ì4fx N9oq8i5 

WA8N[c3gnsJ5, ryxi wkw5 WNhZc3ht4 wkgcsoDt4 

®NsI5nu8i4 kx5y?5g[î5 WA8N[cCI3gnsK5 bmq8i5 wkgcso3gk5 

®NsI3ÌEIsA8Nc5b§i5. 

Most people in Nunavik who are 65 years of age and older are 

entitled to receive monthly payments from government run pension 

programs. Depending on a person’s employment history and 

situation, it may be possible to start getting pension payments as 

early as 60 years of age. Moreover, people may be eligible to get a 

pension even earlier if they have a severe and permanent disability 

that prevents them from working. 

It is important for people to remember that, in order to get 

any kind of pension benefits, they must make the necessary application 

with the appropriate government. 

wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsA†5 Gwk8k5 

sc3bs?9l§5 w5©Atb3bsti4H 

Ì4fx wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsA†5 v?mgc4fk5 

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^%i4 szÌk9l b3ebµ5 sk3gv9Mi4 xrøAts§a5ht4. 

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®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3tyAts§5 b3eoµj5 sk3icc5bMsJ5 

R$*$.^#i4. 

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WA8N[c3tbsJ5 Ì4fN1z5 wkgcso3ifu8k5 

®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti5 vNbu kNc3ymJgcsgxDt4 Öm1z5 

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kNym[c1q©c5bg[isJ5 WA8NDtq9l ®NsI3ÌEc5bbqbl 

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®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti4 Wc5bD8N[c3iE§q5. 

wkw5 Ì4fN1z5 wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti4 

xro3gbsAt5nui4 WZhxDt5nui4 bb3ãQxc3g5. v?mgc4f5 

tosEAtc§5 wkw5 b3ei Wz§J3gi srsq5 ^%DMs1qiq8i 

bb3nZ3i4 WIE3ymd5hQ5. wkw5 v?mgc4f5 cEbsItA5 

gê8Nbs[zi5 WlQ5 bb3nZ3i4 WA8Ng5 s?1z5: Service Canada 

website at: www.sdc.gc.ca/ (and click on the forms button on the sidebar 

menu N3îlt4 bb3nZ5nè5 x5paxz8i4 niÇi kwbtsJu4). 

x9MÌ3[tA5 trt5y[sA8Nu5ht4 scomAtQ3çlQ5 sKz sçMlt4 

!.*)).@&&.((!$j5. 

v?mgc4f5 Wbc3tyAtcD8NEK5 xuhv9Mi4 WNhxDti4 

WNhZcq8Ngk5 WNhq8Nlt9l wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 

wvJ3bsAti4 xro3gbsAtcq8Nlt9¬DtsA8Ngi4. Ì4fx4 

wMz5 x5yCstc3g6 ®Ns5Iñ5 n©ttA5 wvJ3yIsAtœu4. 

Ì4fx WNhxDtsJ5 ®Ns5Iñi4 wvJ3ymAts§aK5 wk8i4 

NANCIANNE GREY-GARDINER 

There are basically two types of government run pension plans 

as described below. Most people will probably qualify to receive 

payments under one of these, but individuals who have made pension 

contributions as the result of their employment may be eligible 

to receive benefits from both types of pensions. 

Old Age Security Pension 

The Old Age Security Pension is a federal program, which provides 

most Canadians aged 65 or older with a modest monthly 

payment. In the spring of 2006, the basic amount paid under the 

Old Age Security Pension was $484.63 per month. 

Canadian citizens and legal residents are entitled to an Old Age 

Security Pension if they generally spent most of their years living in 

Canada between the ages of 18 and 65, regardless of whether or 

not they had a job. However, eligibility and the amounts paid could 


15

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

Ì4fx vt1zJ5 kN[7us5 WNhZ3ui4 k3cy3mo3g5 k3cEx[5gl srsq5 ˆ7myiq8k5 €3ezAt5nui4 sçAtc3g5 à !), @))^-at9lA. 

This meeting to discuss strategies for pre-retired and retired Nunavimmiut was held on May 10 th , 2006. 

BOB MESHER 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3bht4 WNhq8Ngi4 

®Ns5Iñr5©ht4 s{?¬8î5 xyxA5 ®Ns5IQx9MAt5nc1qgi4. wkw5 

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bb3ãc5bExc3g5 Wc5bq8NixgxDt4. Ì4fN1z5 WNhxDtsJi5 

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®Ns5Iñq4, vt9lt4 bm4fiz WA8NixDt4 sk3isQxo8i4 

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wvJ3yIsAti5 wozJi4 x7ml gryAmA5y WA8N[Q7mz5yQ4 

scomA8Ngy sKz !.*)).@&&.((!$j5. 

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wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3Ìa§k5 Ì4fxo 

ÖIsAtc§5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAti4. €3ebsm§aK9l Wbc3tyAt5nsht4 

W?9odti4 wkgcso3ht4 É2X‰aJ5 ®Ns5Iñr5©ht4 É2Xz 

srsq5 ˆ7myCb1qifq8k5 wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 

wvJ3bsAtb3Ìa§i4 WA8Ny1qlx3tlA. 

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srscExc3g5 ^) - ^$ xf8iq8i É2Xzl 

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mo5yxExcCI3ht4. 

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Wc5bq8ND8N[c3S6 W?9odtb3ba§i4 

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x5pZMgw8NE?q5 moZq5b W?9odtb3Xg5 

®NsI3ÌtbsAti4. 

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sKz !.*)).@&&.((!$j5. 

cEbsI4f5 gê8N[sA8NuJ5 sKz 

www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes 

fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 ®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 

fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 wvJ3yAttA5 ®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 

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N9odxgw8NZMsJ5 v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gk5 WNhxDtq8k5. 

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x5pŒZM5yxi4 WNhx3bsic3ht4 x7ml wvJ3ytŒhaÓ4 

wk8i4 W?9odtb5yxt5yZhx3ht4. wkw5 kNym[c3g5 x7ml 

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wkw5 kNym[c3g5 

x7ml WNhxc5bymJ5 

fÑ4u vmQIsQxc§aK5 

fÑ4f5 wvJ3yAt5nIi4 

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xyq5 vNbusacbsJ5 

WNhx3bsQxc§at9lQ5 

v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 

®NsItA5 WNhxDtqtA5. 

x7mlQx9M4 ho, w˜8i5 Ì4fx4 

wvJ3yAtsÔ4 ®NsIc3tyAtq4 

vg5÷E5hQ5 WNhx3ymQxc§q5. 

be affected for people who lived outside of Canada for long periods 

of time. It is also worth noting that eligible people can start to 

receive Old Age Security Pension payments when their turn 65 even 

if they are still working. 

People must make an initial application to receive their Old 

Age Security Pension payments. The government recommends 

that individuals apply six months before they turn 65. People can 

download the necessary form from the Service Canada website 

at: www.sdc.gc.ca (and click on the forms button on the sidebar 

menu). It is also possible to have them mailed to you by phoning 

1.800.277.9914. 

The federal government also offers a number of programs 

that work hand-in-hand with the Old Age Security Pension. One 

of these is the Guaranteed Income Supplement. This program provides 

additional payments to individuals 

who are receiving the Old Age Security 

Pension, but have little or no other income. 

People getting the Guaranteed Income 

Supplement must re-apply for it every year. 

In order to be eligible for this program, 

yearly income of the applicant or, in the 

case of a couple, the combined income of 

the applicant and spouse or common-law 

partner, cannot exceed certain limits. For 

more information about the Guaranteed 

Income Supplement, and who is eligible to 

receive benefits under this program, call 

1.800.277.9914. 

Another federal program that works in 

conjunction with the Old Age Security Pension 

is called The Allowance. It is designed to provide 

benefits for low-income elderly couples when one spouse or 

common-law-partner is not yet old enough to qualify for the Old 

Age Security Pension. In order to be eligible for The Allowance, a 

person must be between the ages of 60 and 64, and the spouse or 

common-law-partner of someone is actually receiving the Old Age 

Security Pension. The combined income of the couple cannot exceed 

certain limits, and there are some residency requirements. 

Someone who qualifies for The Allowance can continue to 

receive benefits if their spouse or common-law-partner dies. This 

is done through a federal program called The Allowance for the 

Survivor, and the eligibility requirements are very similar to what 

is in place for The Allowance. 

People receiving The Allowance or The Allowance for the Survivor 

must re-apply for them every year. For more information about 

these programs, call 1.800.277.9914. 

On the Internet, go to www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes 

16

wkgò5 W?9odtÌE§q5 

Seniors’ Benefits 

v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 ®NsItA5 WNhxDtqtA5. x7mlQx9M4 

ho, w˜8i5 Ì4fx4 wvJ3yAtsÔ4 ®NsIc3tyAtq4 vg5÷E5hQ5 

WNhx3ymQxc§q5. 

v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 ®NsItA5 wvJ3yAtQ§q5b 

nix8i Ì4fx fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 wvJ3yAttA5 

®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 ®NsI3Ì[sA8N§aK5 wk8k5 WNhZc3iu8i 

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®Ns5Ic5bDt5ni4 kx5yA†5 „3bsQvW§aJ5 wª2 ®Ns5Iñq8i4 

wM1qxtEAttA5 wk4 WNhZcgx3m5 x3ÇAoµu ®Ns5In3hi 

€3ebsmJk5 ˆ7mˆc5bgi4. scsys2 xyxA5 sc3bsZIDi wµ4 

grcCI3g6, wkw5 x3ÇAi xuhi WNhZcsZ3Xg5 fÑ4usa5ht4 

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x7ml bZbZsJ6 WA8Ngw8NExc3gns5ht4 W?9odt5nIi4 

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whmu5yxu5hi. 

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wvJ3bsAtq5. Ì4fxo wk8k5 É2ÑymJk5 WIsA8Ny§5 gdpJ[i6 

People who live and worked in 

Quebec will usually deal with the 

Quebec Pension Plan, while people 

in the rest of the country will usually 

deal with the Canada Pension Plan. 

Moreover, there are some situations 

where pension income can be split 

between the two plans. 

The Quebec Pension Plan 

The Quebec Pension Plan is the other type of government run 

pension program that can benefit seniors in Nunavik. It is Quebec’s 

equivalent of the Canada Pension Plan. The two programs operate 

in a very similar fashion and often work together to ensure people 

get their benefits. People who live and worked in Quebec will 

usually deal with the Quebec Pension Plan, while people in the 

rest of the country will usually deal with the Canada Pension Plan. 

Moreover, there are some situations where pension income can 

be split between the two plans. 

Unlike the Old Age Security Pension, the Quebec Pension Plan 

applies only to those individuals who have contributed to the 

plan while employed. Contributions to the Plan are usually made 

automatically through payroll deductions for people holding a 

job and earning more than a specified amount in a year. In other 

words, most people who have held a regular job in Quebec for 

extended periods of time (working for a business, organization, 

government agency, etc) probably made sufficient contributions 

at some time or another, and are probably entitled to receive some 

benefits under the Quebec Pension Plan when they retire or reach 

65 years of age. 

It is possible to get significantly larger monthly payments 

under the Quebec Pension Plan than with the Old Age Security 

Pension. However, these payments will be 

determined by the number of years and 

the amount an individual has contributed 

to the plan. At the moment, monthly payments 

vary from $397 to $1,031. Obviously, 

someone who has been employed and 

made regular contributions during most 

of their working years will be entitled 

to larger payments under the Quebec 

Pension Plan. 

For the most part, the Quebec Pension 

Plan is designed to start providing benefits 

to people when they reach 65 years of age. But if someone retires 

early, and is receiving little or no employment income, it may be 

possible for that person to apply to start receiving pension benefits 

at the age of 60. People who do this will received pension payments 

over a longer period of time, but the actual payments could be up 

to 30 percent smaller than if they waited until they turned 65 years 

of age. Once someone opts for early pension benefits, the reduced 

payments are permanent. They will not go up when a person turns 

65. It is therefore important for people to consider what is in their 

best interest before making any decision on whether or not to 

apply for early benefits under the Quebec Pension Plan. 

If someone who is entitled to receive benefits from the Quebec 

Pension Plan dies, then the spouse or the “de facto spouse” (common-law 

partner) can apply to receive some or all of that person’s 

benefits. This is called the Surviving Spouse's Pension. It can apply 

to people who are well under 60 years of age, but the level of the 

monthly payments is determined by a number of factors. 

The Quebec Pension Plan also has provisions for making a 

lump-sum payment of $2,500 to help cover the funeral expenses 

of someone who has died and was entitled to receive benefits 


17

wkgò5 W?9odtÌE§q5 

Seniors’ Benefits 

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g1z[c§a7uJ5 €3ebsymAtc3tyAtq8i4. 

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www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes/regime_rentes 

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srs3bq8iui whmu5yxu5hi. 

Once someone opts for early pension 

benefits, the reduced payments are 

permanent. They will not go up when 

a person turns 65. It is therefore 

important for people to consider 

what is in their best interest before 

making any decision on whether or 

not to apply for early benefits under 

the Quebec Pension Plan. 

under the Quebec Pension Plan. This is called the Death 

Benefit, and it can be paid to family members who covered 

the funeral expenses. 

The Quebec Pension Plan 

also makes payments to a 

person who is taking care of 

an orphan of someone who 

has died and was entitled to 

receive benefits under the 

plan. This is called the Orphan's 

Pension, and it is a monthly 

payment of $63.65 per child. 

The orphan's pension ends 

when the child turns 18 years 

of age. 

It is important for people 

to realize that they must 

make the necessary application 

to get any type of benefit 

from the Quebec Pension Plan. 

The Quebec government 

recommends that people 

apply at least three months 

in advance of the date when 

they will become eligible for 

benefits. It is possible to download the necessary forms 

or even apply online on the government web site at 

www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes/regime_rentes 

Forms can also be picked up at the offices of 

Services Quebec. For general information anyone can 

also call 1.800.463.5185 about the Quebec Pension 

Plan. 

Other pensions and retirement income 

The information provided in this article only applies 

to government run pension plans and programs. Some 

companies, organizations, and 

different types of government 

bodies set up private pension 

plans, or make payments 

to the Registered Retirement 

Saving Plans, for the benefit 

of their employees. Some 

do not. Where such plans do 

exist, the rules and regulations 

for accessing money can vary 

considerably. 

These private plans are 

not available to the general 

public. However, people who 

are approaching retirement age and worked with a 

company or organization for a long period may want 

to enquire to see if they are eligible to benefit from any 

private pension or retirement funds. 

18

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

BOB MESHER 

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wly3¬to8i4 

Programs and Tax Breaks for People with Disabilities 

BERTHA ADAMS X2 

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sKz !.*)).^@@.^@#@j5. 

The Government of Canada offers a number of 

services, programs, and tax breaks for people with 

disabilities. For example, many people with mobility 

impairment who cannot use public transportation 

can apply for a refund of part of the federal excise tax 

on the gasoline they purchase. For more information 

about the Federal Excise Gasoline Tax Refund Program, 

call 1.800.959.5525. 

People who temporarily cannot work because 

of an illness or injury, and 

can supply a medical certificate, 

may be eligible for 

the Employment Insurance 

Sickness Benefit. Individuals 

who are looking after a family 

member with a disability 

or a serious illness who is at risk of dying, may qualify 

for the Employment Insurance Compassionate Care 


19

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Benefit. For more information about such benefits, 

call 1.800.622.6232 

The Disability Tax Credit reduces the 

income taxes that have to be paid by people 

with disabilities. If these people can’t use all 

of the tax credit because they have little or 

no income, they may be able to transfer all or 

part of the credit to their spouse, common-law partner, 

or other supporting person. Tax credits can result 

in tax saving, and maybe even a tax refund. To get the 

credit, people have to complete a Disability Tax Credit 

Certificate (Form T2201) and return it to the Canada 

Revenue Agency. Phone 1.800.387.1193 for enquiries 

about Canada Child Tax 

Benefit. 

Children under 18 who 

qualify for the Disability Tax 

Credit may also be eligible 

for the Child Disability 

Benefit, which is worth 

$166.66 a month. This 

benefit is tax free, and is 

designed to help low and 

modest-income families 

who care for a child with a 

severe and prolonged mental 

or physical impairment. 

To apply, people need a 

signed Disability Tax Credit 

Certificate and the Canada 

Child Tax Benefit application 

form (RC66). Call the 

Canada Revenue Agency at 

1.800.387.1193 for enquiries 

about this benefit. 

People with disabilities 

can often reduce their 

taxes by claiming medical 

expenses associated with their disability. It may 

also be possible for supporting persons such as a 

spouse, common-law partner or other family member 

to claim such expenses. Examples of allowable 

medical expenses include payment for certain assistive 

devices, some of the cost of adapting a new van 

for wheelchair use, costs of an attendant who cares 

for a person with a disability, and certain home renovating 

costs that allow for better access and mobility. 

Moreover, it is sometimes possible for people 

with disabilities to claim, as a medical expense, 

moving expenses of up to $2,000. 

In addition to the above, people with disabilities 

may be eligible for the Refundable Medical 

Expense Supplement if they have a low income 

and high medical expenses. 

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wly3¬tuªozJi4 

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Ì4yi4 xro3gwN6 N9osto3uX5. 

As a general rule, it is a good idea for 

people with disabilities to save all 

receipts for any expenses related to 

disability. That way they will have what 

they need to determine what they 

can claim to reduce their taxes when 

completing their income the return. 


20

Support for the Disabled 

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s?i cEbsItA5 gê8N[c3[u: www.pwd-online.ca 

The Disability Supports Deduction is another way 

that people may be able to claim certain expenses that 

enable them to go to work or school. For example, such 

expenses include sign-language interpretation, teletypewriters, 

or certain assistive devices for computers. 

This is over and above what can be claimed as a medical 

expense, although a cost cannot be deducted twice. It 

is necessary to complete Form T929 to claim expenses 

under the Disability Supports Deduction. 

As a general rule, it is a good idea for people with 

disabilities to save all receipts for any expenses related 

to disability. That way they will have what they need to 

determine what they can claim to reduce their taxes 

when completing their income the return. 

People can call 1.800.959.2221 to order any 

specialized tax forms. For general enquiries 

about personal income tax returns, call 

1.800.959.8281. 

It is also important for people with disabilities 

to realize many items and services 

used by them are exempt form the six percent 

GST tax. (Previous to July 1 st , the GST was seven 

percent.) These include medical devices and supplies 

such as wheelchairs, walkers, hearing aids, patient lifters 

and specially designed clothing. It is even possible to 

avoid paying the GST on certain recreational programs 

or camps for people with disabilities. 1.800.959.5525 

is the number to call for more 

information about the GST. 

Canada Mortgage and 

Housing Corporation (GCMHC) 

offers programs to help people 

with disabilities. These include 

the Residential Rehabilitation 

Assistance Program, which 

financially helps eligible homeowners and landlords 

make their dwellings accessible to low-income people 

with disabilities. Also, the Home Adaptations for Seniors' 

Independence Program helps homeowners and landlords 

pay for adaptations that will help low-income seniors 

with disabilities stay longer in their homes. To find 

out more about these programs, contact CMHC at 

1.800.668.2642 

It is worth noting that Paralympics athletes can 

get financial help through the Athlete Assistance 

Program. Support may include a monthly living 

and training allowance, and support for post-secondary 

school tuition. For more information about 

this, call 1.866.811.0055. 

Furthermore, thanks to the increasing number Inuit 

households attaining access to the Internet, a great 

deal of information about programs, services, and tax 

breaks for people with disabilities that are offered by 

the Government of Canada can be found at the following 

web site: www.pwd-online.ca 



21

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Legal Tips 

By Jocelyn Barrett, Lawyer 

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22 

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wvJ3tQMzIq8ªyQxø5. 

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bm8N ‘xyxA5 W[5nsA8NgtA5 ck3©Dtc3if5’ WNhxDt4. 

Young Offenders 

Kinakia Jr. is 14 years old. Knowing that his neighbours 

were away camping for the weekend, he broke 

into their house. He smashed a window, made a mess 

and stole whatever cash he could find. The next day, 

the police came to speak with Kinakia Jr. 

The Youth Criminal Justice Act 

The police, the Crown Prosecutor and the courts 

must apply the Youth Criminal Justice Act in their dealings 

with Kinakia Jr. The Youth Criminal Justice Act sets 

out the principles, procedures and sentences in all 

situations where an offence is alleged to have been 

committed by a young person aged 12 to 17. 

Canada’s stated policy with respect to young 

offenders emphasizes the need for prevention through 

addressing the underlying circumstances and causes of 

offending behaviour, the need for accountability, the 

importance of protecting society, procedural fairness, 

rehabilitation, and reintegration. The Youth Criminal 

Justice Act stresses the importance of quick 

intervention in situations of youth criminal 

behaviour and the need for the involvement 

of families and the community. 

In the near future, Nunavik’s justice committees 

may also be considered as youth 

justice committees for the purposes of the 

Youth Criminal Justice Act. The law provides 

many opportunities for communities, especially 

through the youth justice committees, to play a 

very significant role in dealing with youth crime. Youth 

justice committees may give advice on the appropriate 

out-of-court options; they can support the victim 

and help reconcile the victim and the young person; 

and they can ensure that community support is available 

to the young person. 

Under the Youth Criminal Justice Act, “extrajudicial 

measures”, which are an out-of-court option, may 

be used as alternatives to the formal legal system. If 

extrajudicial measures are used, the youth won’t go 

to court. 

The police who are dealing with Kinakia Jr. must 

first consider whether it would be appropriate to use 

extrajudicial measures before starting judicial proceedings 

against him. These measures include: 

• the police taking no further action; or 

• the police giving a warning to Kinakia Jr.; 

• the police referring Kinakia Jr. to an agency that 

can help him make better choices. 

MARY TOOKTOO

WdIoEi3u4 cspQx9MD†5 

Legal Tips 

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XyI5nsAtcD8NEK5 eg3zub ckw¬3i[iq8k5. 

If, because of the seriousness of the offence or other 

circumstances, none of the above measures would be 

adequate, another out-of-court option called an “extrajudicial 

sanction” may be used. Extrajudicial sanction 

programs are what used to be referred to as “alternative 

measures” programs. 

Before an extrajudicial sanction may be used, 

the file must be shown to a Crown Prosecutor. If there 

is enough evidence to lay charges and the Crown 

Prosecutor feels that, considering the offence and 

the circumstances, an extrajudicial sanction would 

be appropriate, the file is sent to the director of Youth 

Protection. 

If Kinakia Jr. accepts to participate in the extrajudicial 

sanction program and accepts responsibility 

for the offence, he can begin to make amends for 

the damages. A youth worker decides what would 

be the most appropriate sanction, such as for example, 

community service, repairing the damages to the 

neighbour’s house, a letter of apology or on-the-land 

counselling. In making this decision, the youth worker 

can ask for a “conference”, which may involve the justice 

committee. 

Whether or not Kinakia Jr. is going to court or is 

participating in an extrajudicial sanction program, a 

police officer, the Crown Prosecutor, the youth justice 

court judge or the youth worker can call a conference 

at any time to involve others, including family members, 

the parents and others who know Kinakia Jr. well, 

in making decisions about, for example, what type 

of extrajudicial measure should be used, what kind 

of sentence would be most appropriate or community 

reintegration plans. A justice committee may be 

involved in, or even act as, the conference. 

Kinakia Jr. has the right to a lawyer, whether he has 

been subjected to an extrajudicial measure, charged, 

arrested or detained. Kinakia Jr.’s parents have a significant 

role and must be kept informed of their child’s 

involvement in the youth justice system. In particular, 

if the police arrest or detain Kinakia Jr., they must 

inform his parents as soon as possible. 

The neighbours (as they are the victims) have the 

right to be informed about how the offence is being 

dealt with and they should be given the opportunity 

to be involved in the youth criminal justice proceedings. 

Civil liability — paying for the damages 

Even if no extrajudicial measures are undertaken 

and no criminal charges are laid against Kinakia Jr., if 

the neighbours are not reimbursed for their losses, 

they could sue both Kinakia Jr. and his parents for the 

damages and for the money they lost. 

continued on page 26 


23

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Benefits and Tax Breaks 

in the Federal Budget for Individuals 

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benefits will be seen as a slight 

decrease in deductions being taken 

out their pay check and in other cases 

individuals will be able to receive a 

tax refund after filing their income tax 

return. In order to fully benefit from 

the budget, Nunavimmiut will want to 

take advantage of various tax breaks 

and, in some cases, make the necessary 

applications and keep the receipts for 

certain kinds of expenses. 

Many aspects of Canada’s federal budget that was tabled in the House 

of Commons at the beginning of May, 2006, place more emphasis on 

tax cuts than program spending. If adopted by Parliament, this means 

that billions of dollars of benefits for Canadians 

in general will come through tax relief rather 

than new services or programs. 

For some people, many of these benefits 

will be seen as a slight decrease in deductions 

being taken out of their pay check and in 

other cases individuals will be able to receive 

a tax refund after filing their income tax return. 

In order to fully benefit from the budget, 

Nunavimmiut will want to take advantage of 

various tax breaks and, in some cases, make the 

necessary applications and keep the receipts 

for certain kinds of expenses. 

The following is a summary of some of the 

benefits that people may want to take advantage 

of in the federal budget. 

• GST rate reduced: The goods and services 

tax was reduced by one percentage point, down 

from seven percent to six percent. This reduction 

is applied automatically whenever Canadians 

purchased anything after July 1 st , 2006. 

• Canada Employment Credit: Also as of July 

1 st , people earning employment income are able 

to make use of the new Canada Employment 

Credit. The credit will provide tax relief on up to 

$500.00 of employment income for 2006 and 

up to $1,000 of income in 2007. 

• Personal tax rate changes: Another overall 

tax break will come with an increase in the 

basic personal amount that all Canadians can 

earn without paying federal income tax. Also, 

people with lower income will benefit from a 

reduction in the lowest tax rate from 16 percent 

to 15.5 percent as of July 1 st , 2006. 

As a result of the personal income tax 

and GST reductions, families earning between 

$15,000 and $30,000 a year will save approximately 

$300 and families earning between 

$45,000 and $60,000 will save almost $650 in 2007. 

• Tax deductions for trades people: The 2006 budget also provided 

tax breaks for trades people, which could apply to a few individuals in 

Nunavik. However, this benefit may only be realized if people seek to 

take advantage of it and keep the appropriate receipts. trades people 

may now deduct up to $500 from their taxable income for the cost of 

24

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tools in excess of $1,000 that they acquire as a condition of employment. 

There are requirements that apply for this deduction, but anyone hoping 

to take advantage of it should keep their receipts when purchasing 

tools in relation to their employment. 

Big news for post-secondary students in Nunavik is the 

elimination of the current $3,000 limit on the amount 

of scholarship, bursary, and fellowship income they can 

receive without paying federal income tax. Although the 

Kativik School Board does pay for many of the expenses 

for post-secondary Nunavik students studying in the 

south, much of this money was considered income on 

which the student had to pay income tax. This will no 

longer be the case at least for federal taxes according to 

the new budget. 

• Tax relief for students: Big news for post-secondary students in 

Nunavik is the elimination of the current $3,000 limit on the amount of 

scholarship, bursary, and fellowship income they can receive without 

paying federal income tax. Although the Kativik School Board does pay 

for many of the expenses for post-secondary Nunavik students studying 

in the south, much of this money was considered income on which 

the student had to pay income tax. This will no longer be the case at 

least for federal taxes according to the new budget. 

The federal budget also provides for a new tax credit for the cost of 

textbooks for full-time post-secondary students for 2007 and later years 

calculated as $65.00 for each month a student is in full-time attendance 

at school. 

BOB MESHER 


25

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continued from page 23 

PITA AATAMI COLLECTION 

mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 €bu xMf Wb €bul p7 SEx8t+ niÇî5©4 ui+bs 

kNc3çymJoEpk5 srs3bgusi9l vNbu. 

Makivik executives Adamie Alaku and Pita Aatami on each side of Jim Prentice, 

the minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Canada. 

• Fitness tax credit: Beginning in 2007, the government introduced a 

new fitness tax credit of up to $500 on eligible fees for programs of physical 

activity for each child under age 16. The government will announce 

which physical fitness programs should be eligible for this credit — in 

the meantime, keep your receipts. 

• Assistance for persons with disabilities: The budget also has some 

good news for families 

with a child with disabilities. 

The maximum annual 

Child Disability Benefit goes 

up $256 to $2,300 effective 

July 1, 2006, and eligibility 

for this benefit will generally 

be extended to middle 

and higher-income families. 

• P e n s i o n I n c o m e 

Credit: The federal budget 

also provides a tax break 

for elders. The maximum 

amount eligible for the 

Pension Income Credit will 

increase from $1000 to 

$2000 for the 2006 tax 

year. 

• Universal childcare 

benefit: — Starting in July 

2006, families will receive 

$100 per month (up to $1,200. per year) for each child under age six. 

Allowance families who receive the Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB) will 

receive the new benefit automatically, but those who do not should 

apply by completing and submitting a CCTB form to the Canada Revenue 

Agency. For more about this, people can phone 1.800.387.1193. 

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mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

26 

Legally, parents are responsible for supervising and educating 

their children. The law assumes that, if children are well supervised 

and educated, they will not hurt others or cause damages. This legal 

assumption means that parents can be held liable for damages caused 

by their children. If a child under the age of 18 acts in a way that hurts 

another person or causes damages to property, the child’s parents can 

be legally responsible for paying for those damages. 

In order for Kinakia Jr.’s parents to not be held responsible for paying 

for the repairs to the house and reimbursing the stolen cash, they 

must prove that they did everything they could to adequately supervise 

and educate Kinakia Jr. Basically, they must prove that their behaviour 

didn’t lead to the damages. A court will take into account the type 

of example the parents show, among other things. Courts have been 

severe with parents who ignore their children’s bad behaviour. Even 

parents who do not live with their children can be held responsible for 

their children’s actions.

kN[7u nNá5 WNh5ymo3bq5 

Nunavik Creations Review 

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m8gpxü5gj5 scomlt4 sKz: !.*)).&$%.***). 

Training to Make Bags 

Nunavik Creations is planning to provide a bag-making course 

to Nunavik seamstresses at the sewing shop later this summer 

in Salluit, pending funding from Kativik Regional Government 

Employment and Training. Expert 

bag designer Giselle Desilets, who 

has her own exclusive bag-making 

business in Montreal, would teach the 

one-week course. She will teach the 

seamstress how to make such bags 

as knapsacks, coin purses, handbags 

as well as agenda folders. Depending 

on the available time, the Nunavik 

Creations seamstresses might also 

be given a training session on how 

to make wallets, which require special 

details. These items will be made 

out of sealskin and leather, but some 

of the bags will also be made from 

fabric. So far Nunavik Creations has all 

women sewers, but would welcome 

men as well in this course. 

Meanwhile, the Nunavik Creations seamstresses have 

been busy catching up with orders for our other products. 

Nunavik Creations designer Vickie Okpik has also been busy 

buying material for the sewing centres, which involves visiting 

several different suppliers. In order to make bags for instance, 

it involves visiting leather suppliers, zipper makers and lining 

suppliers. Visiting suppliers takes time in order to find out which 

fabrics or leather would be better for certain products. Vickie 

sometimes has to visit two or more suppliers before finding 

the best price for the fine quality materials used to produce 

Nunavik Creations products. A lot of my time has also gone 

into preparing patterns for the bag-making course. Vickie has 

been working with Giselle to develop the plan for the course 

and select which styles of bags would be 

most appropriate to present to our excellent 

Nunavik seamstresses. Nunavik Creations has 

decided to begin with some basic bag patterns, 

which will evolve and become more 

detailed as required. 

Nunavik Creations is also preparing to 

make eider down filled parkas, particularly 

eider down from Nunavik. The short-style 

patterns, colours, and fabrics have been chosen for this new 

line of parkas. Nunavik Creations would like to obtain more 

eider down for this project. If anyone would like to sell some 

eider down to us, or to find out more about the bag making 

workshop, please contact Vickie Okpik at Makivik’s Montreal 

office. Dial: 1.800.745.8880. 

BOB MESHER X2 


27

klx3tbsmJ5 

Caught in the Trawl 

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x©tIsMsJK5 ƒ4Jxu sW3zngcso3tlA WQs3ntbsJ5 

WI‰3gwNZMsMsJ5 wo8ixtbsAtu8i4 Marine Emergency 

Duties A1u4 x7ml sux3glt4 €8igc3X5 yK9oXslt4 

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vNbs2 wm3Wzi ra3Mix3iu4 WA8NstbChx3iu4 

x7ml iEsAtsZhx3uht4 xfr5©2 wm3Wzi 

sux3Jxi4 WNhxctc3iu4, ÖàozogxDt4 

yM3JxustA5 WNhctŒ9MEyZI3g5. 

A Pre-sea Training program 

was completed in Kuujjuaq 

in late spring with most of 

the trainees completing 

the course and passing the 

Marine Emergency Duties 

A1 and Marine Advanced 

First Aid courses. In addition 

they completed a course in 

Seamanship, which included 

gear mending and other twine and rope splicing. These trainees will 

receive their certificates and will be selected to go fishing. It is important 

that they have a passport for these voyages as they usually stop 

in Greenland during the summer months. We congratulate 

those that successfully completed the 

training. 

Makivik Corporation is also involved in a 

number of issues that surround the fishery. We have 

recently become involved in the development of 

a shrimp promotion program that will hopefully 

increase our sales in China. This program will involve 

the offshore shrimp license in Canada and hopefully 

the offshore vessels from Greenland, therefore making 

this a truly international project. 

BOB MESHER X3 

x5pŒ1qgi4 cutEsti4 xgEs3ng5 --- sux3Jux wfx9Mgcygx3m5 hv5gu4 w3XD8N§a7m5. 

Learning to use different kinds of fire extinguishers — a fire onboard a fishing boat could easily be a disaster. 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

28

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

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swmN3gysti4 x8kÇ3ym5ht4. sux3Jxütsi3u4 WQs3nIsJ5 sfxaMsJ5 Awo 

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©i x3Ng3l. 

Swimming in the icy water. It is easier to swim as a team than alone, wearing these emergency 

suits. The pre-sea trainees were Willie Tullaugak, Yassie Etok, Willie Angnatuk, Arthur Tooma, Troy 

Hunter, Jonathan Andersen, Alupa Kauki, Juillie Cooper, and Tony Angnatuk. 

BOB MESHER X4 

wo8ixtbs[7üQxc3uJ5 

WI‰Dy3bsixDt4. 

Classroom instruction is also 

required for the certificate. 

d7jxÔi4 swmN3gysti4 xg5yxD¥5. 

The proper way to employ emergency 

flares. 


29

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NOAH TAYARA 

Ìk9 †l x9Mbq5 

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Inuit Cultural Identity and Self-Esteem 

Donald M. Taylor 

McGill University 

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30 

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wkw5 wl3Dy5tA5 wobEIsmAtz Wsqgu4 h3Cbsic3ym7m¯5 

Low self-esteem is so crippling. It makes people feel negatively about 

themselves and it is also a barrier to their success in important relationships, 

in their job and in their school achievement. What possible 

link could there be between cultural identity and self-esteem? This is 

an extremely important question for two reasons. First, we have all 

heard over and over again how low self-esteem can have such a negative 

impact not only on how we feel about ourselves, but also on our 

chances of succeeding in anything we try to accomplish. Second, in the 

last issue we learned how Inuit cultural identity has been negatively 

affected by colonization. So, if there is a connection between cultural 

identity and self-esteem, it is crucial that we understand how they are

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Cultural Identity 

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Öà7m5, rNoµ4f5 WsJu4 N7ui6 WJEstc5yxDmJw8NsJ5. 

bm8N Wâlbc3uJ6 s2Wo3tbsymi5tk5 bm8N N7ui6 

WJEstc5yxi6 NlâèAtsA8NExz bm8N N7uiK5 

gê8Ng4f5 xy5pbsA8N[c3tlA. xuh7mE8i wo8ix[7üg5 

s5©tQlQ5, wo8ix†5 wo8ixt5ypuk5 scs5Jbsq8N§a7mb 

xoxN3©Qxq5, x5pQIsq©Qxq9l WJ8Nic5yxht9l 

s[4vsht4 wª5ht4. bm4fx whx3ãº5 Öµ5ãN6 scsyc§a7uJ5 

wk7mE8k5 iEs8icDm5ht4 bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc5yx§aiz 

xqoQx3bsX5 Wâlbc1qi3nsix3tlA whm÷3iu4, v?3Ni3ul 

x7ml wuxl7u4 xglv8iu4. 

ryxi bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc5yxi6 Nr5 Wym?V 

whmc3isJ6 WsJi4 Wsqgi9¬î5 s?5tªozJu4 Nrrx6 

WQx3[cExc3S6. bm8N kwbs§a7m5 hNhx3it8k5, x7ml 

rNsi5tk5. xyxA5 sc3bsA8NuJ6 rsQxc3SA5 N7ui5tk5 

xWEstu4 wµ4, ‘rNsKzV’ s2WEIcDm i5Il5Ìt5y§aQxu4 

ekwñ§agxDml, Öm N7ui6 WJEstc5yxgEMzKz. 

ryxi bfuN5yxgE1qgxDm v1ah5gÔgxDml, N7ui6 

WJEstc5yxgEZI1qgz. Öà7m5, bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 

w7ui4 kwymI5tk5 kwbtbs§aK6, s?5tªozJi4, Wsy5tk9l, 

x7ml Wix3iE§5tk5, s2WEIc§Az5b rNsAy5tk5. bm8N 

W5Jtco3S6 Öm, rNgw8Ns2 N7ui6 WJEstcD8Nizi4 

xy5ºMzAb xy5pgw3çExc3gA5 WsyEIs§i4 wk7j5 

rNsi3ui4 s2WEIc3iE§zi4. s5©tQlA, wo8ixt5ypu9¬î5 

xzJçEIsJu9¬î5 wvJD8NX5 s[4vu4 wk7u4 wo5ytlA rNsiz 

W9lA wàoc5bt9lA ‘kÌi4 w1qDy3u4 wo5ynstQ§aKt5. 

w1qaxc5bo‰3bt5 m3D[gw8NhQ5 gñŒ3ymogxC[4r5’ s{?¬8î5 

‘bf8No3Sz hj5 kÜ5 xoxQIc§aQxz wo8i4 W1axctcExu4. 

Öm1z5 ekw5©§aZ[.’ w2WQIsQxo4 bm8N ckwosD5pisJ6 

W5Jtc9ME§aqm5 N7ui6 WJEstc3iu4, ryxi s[4vu4 wk7u4 

wo5yt5y¯§a7m5 ‘i5Il5Ìt5yA8NExu4’ x7ml ‘ekw5©Qxu4’. 

bm4fx WsyEIst9lQ5 wMQIsy§6 s[4vs2 wª2 whmizk5 

rNs7m¯3u4 WsJu4 N7ui6 WJEstQixoCuQ5. gê8Ngu4 s[4vu4 

wk7u4 scstIsJc3X5 WsJQxq5 W5Jtc1q©li ck3¬î5 

grc3ixq5g6. 

wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIsmi3j5 x7ml N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 

wk7u4 cspmQxcgxDi rNs7m¯3u W?9oxt5yAt5nuk5 N7ui6 

WJEstcD8Ni3ui4, csmQxc3SA5 Nr5 bm8N ‘N7ui6 whmc3isJ6’ 

kw§a7m¯5. ryxi xyxA5 wo5yME8insA8NgA5 rN9MEs7m¯b. 

gX5ymibµ5 csbm5yx6 rNgw8N6 w2WQIc§a7m5 whmQo3bui4, 

w2WQo3bui9l WsyEo3bui9l x7ml hNs7m¯b gryZhx3hQ5. 

bµi wª2 wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIsmAtz Wbc9MEQxc§aK6. wª2 

wl3Dyz wªy3u4 X3âiymAts§a7m5. bm5hjz wl3DyctQ5gk5 

cspmt5yAts§6 hâ5 w9oEIs7m¯b, hâ9l gCZ5nMEs7m¯b 

linked. That is the only way we can promote positive rather than negative 

self-esteem. 

Self-esteem: overused and misunderstood 

These days everybody blames everything on low self-esteem. 

Oprah Winfrey blames her weight problem on low self-esteem. We are 

told that student failure, unsuccessful relationships, and the problems 

of alcohol and drugs are all rooted in low self-esteem. So, no wonder 

everyone wants to have positive self-esteem. 

The problem is that we are led to believe that self-esteem is a 

favourable evaluation we have of our 

self that can be changed directly. In 

many schools, for example, students 

are told over and over again by their 

teachers that they are wonderful, 

special and talented young people. 

Therapists send the same message to 

their adult clients in the hopes that a 

boost in self-esteem will conquer the 

problems of anxiety, depression and 

alcohol abuse. 

But where does self-esteem 

come from? Feeling positively or negatively 

about our self has to come from 

somewhere. It comes from what we 

do, and who we are. In other words 

we need to answer for our self the 

question, “Who am I?” before we can 

answer the self-esteem question, “Do I like myself?” If I believe I am musical 

and patient, then I will likely have high self-esteem. But if I think I 

am unattractive and shy, I will probably have low self-esteem. Thus, selfesteem 

comes from our personal attributes, that is, the attributes, the 

characteristics, and the way we do things, that we believe capture who 

we are. It stands to reason, then, that to change a person’s self-esteem 

we must first change the characteristics that the person believes defines 

who they are. For example, a teacher or parent can help a young person 

learn about who they are with feedback such as, “You really learn those 

new songs quickly. I hear you singing them after you have only listened 

to them twice”. Or, “I can see why your younger sister likes playing with 

you. You are always so patient.” Notice that the feedback never refers 

to self-esteem directly, but instead helps the young person learn that 

they are “musical” and “patient.” It is these characteristics that become 

part of the young person’s idea of who they are that will lead them to 

have positive self-esteem. Directly telling the young person that they 

are good for no reason will have very little meaning. 

Cultural identity and self-esteem 

If a person must know who they are in order to develop self-esteem, 

we need to know where this “idea of the self” comes from. As we have 

seen, feedback from others gives a person a clue as to who they are. But 

there is another more fundamental way that we learn about who we 

are. Every waking minute of every day a person is paying attention to 

their own thoughts, feelings and behaviours, and trying to understand 

them. This is where a person’s cultural identity is crucial. Culture is like 

a blueprint for life. It tells the members of a cultural group what is val- 


31

wl3dy5tA5 rNsiK5 

Cultural Identity 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

32 

x7ml ck6 bm4fx gÇá5 WIsA8Nm¯b. xÌb5yxEIsJ5 xˆNyxEIsJ9l 

gip§aJ5 bm5huz wl3Dys2 X3Nymstzi4 xzJ3çEIsJk5, Ì4fxl 

gipix3tlQ5 eg3zuk5. bm8N whmQgxD[s4, wl3Dy6 bf5nst5yJ6 

X3Nymstu4 wªo3iu5 wl[3bsi6 trst5hA. hNoµ5 wo5yIsQxø5, 

ck6 wo5yIsJ5nsm¯b, ck6 xyuk5 WsycExc3m¯3u, x7ml hNi4 

Wsy3i4 w9oEIsJc3m¯5 x7ml N9oq5 N7mq5©m¯b, 

kwbtbs§5 r9oc5yxgj5 Nlâ3bsmJj5 wl3Dy3j5. 

r9oc5yxgu4 wo3DycgxCu4 rNgw8N6 grymA8Nix3g6 

rN9MEs7m¯3u. 

xyxA5 bm8N bf8ˆbsicD8NuJ6, rNgw8N6 

bf8ˆD8NCI3g6 wl3Dyui4 b3C©t3ÔI3tlA x7ml 

rsA8Nli xWEsti4 N7ui6 rNsi3uªozJi4. 

s5©tQlA, wl3DyCk5 cspmtbsKz bm4fx rNZM4f5 

W[cD8NExq5 i5Il5Ìt5yA8Ni3u4 ekw5©i3ul. 

cspmtbs§a7uJz bm4fx w9oN3gm¯b WsyE5hQ5. Öm 

bm5hjz wl3Dy3tA5 grymst5nc3if5 cspmA8No3dz, 

yK9oÙu N7ui6 i5Il5Ìt5yyxD8Nm¯3m ekw5©m¯3m¬8î5 

s{?¬8î5 etzîgw8N§a7m¯3m, x7ml gzozA5, 

wl3DyCk5 cspmtbsix3Sz WJEstc3gns7m¯3m5 

bm4fiz WsyEA8Nb4vi4. wl3Dyct4vk5 WJ8Ni3nsicDm W5JtQlA 

i5Il5Ìt5yA8NisJ6 ekw5©i3l, cspmtbsMzKz rN9MEs7m¯3m. 

x7ml, wl3DyCk5 w9oDh5tbsAm WsyE§4vi4 Öm S3gJu4 N7ui6 

WJEstc3ixSz. Öm, rNoµ5yxf5 r1åm5yic3S5 r9oc5yxgu4 

wl3Dyc3iu4 wvJ3yixgu4 wk7u4 bf8î3ui4 N7ui6 x7ml b=Zz5 

N7ui6 bf8î3uA5 W?9oxt5yA8Nix3g5 N7ui6 WJEstcD8Ni3ui4. 

c9lˆk5 trbsymi6, wkw9l wl3Dyz x7ml N7ui6 

WJEstc3i6 

ckwqyx3gu4 N7ui6 WJEstcExcgxDi wk7u4 cspmJcExo4 

rNs7m¯3u, x7ml N7ui6 cspmQxcgxDt4 wkw5 r9oc5yxgu4 

wl3DycExø5. yKixA5 x9MMsJQKz mr{[s2 eu3Dxq8i kwbsMsJi4 

sçAtc3hz ck6 bEs2 xrxius5 

tr{[c3g[is7m¯b kN[7usi4 §3l m3Îi4 

®No7ui4 n[3Jxos÷3ht4. xò9˜, bEs2 

xrxius5 kÌi4 nNmJi4 trs5pymJ5, ryxi, 

trymi3uA5, h4ftEymJ5 wkw5 wl3Dy3tA5 

wªyEymIq8i4. bm8N grc3S6 wµ4 bm8N 

wkw5 wl3Dyz, r9oc5yxg7mEsym5hi 

bEs2 xrxiusk5 trbsMs3tNQ5, NlN3yymt9lA 

trbsymogxCu4. wkw5 r9oc5yxgu4 

wl3DycExø5 cspmQxcgxDt4 rNs7m¯3u4 

x7ml W?9oxt5yAtQlA N7ui6 WJEstc3iu4. 

bEs2 xrxiusk5 trbsymisJ6 wkw5 

wl3Dyzi4 r9oc5yxt5yA8âym7m5 

x7ml s9lu NlN3güo3hi. bm5hjz bZ 

wkw5 xuh7m‰5 whw9osDtc§aK5 

N7ui6 WJEstc5yx§aqi3u4. N7ui6 cspmic1qfi grc3m5 

W?9oxt5yAt5ncD8âli W?9oxt5yAt5nu4 ckwqyxgu4 N7ui6 

WJEstc3iu4. 

N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 WsyQx3bsixqg6 gê8Ng3tA5 wk8i4 WsJu4 

whmt5yqgxD5b WsyzªozJi4. s2WEIc3Sz ckwqyxgu4 N7ui6 

WJEstcD8NyixExu4 bm4fx kN[7us5 N7ui6 r9oÌ3tyQx5yxXb 

r9oc5yxgu4 wkw5 wl3DyztA5 wob3ymstzi4 bm5hm1z5 bEs2 

xrixi5 trbsymi5tk5 ÖàotbsymJu5. 

ued, what goals are important and how to achieve these goals. 

Grandparents transmit this cultural blueprint to parents, who, 

in turn, pass it on to their children. If you think about it, a culture 

offers a detailed blueprint from the cradle to the grave. 

Everything from what needs to be learned, how it should be 

learned, how to treat others, and what behaviours 

are valued and which ones are unacceptable, are 

all described in a clearly defined culture. With a 

clearly defined culture, a person is in a position 

to understand who they are. 

Put another way, a person can look to their 

culture as if it was a mirror, and answer questions 

about who they are personally. For example 

my culture tells me how musical and patient 

the average person is. It also tells me if these 

are valued characteristics. So from this cultural 

information I can figure out, first, whether I am 

personally musical and patient or whether I am 

just average, and second, my culture will tell me 

whether or not I should be proud to have these characteristics. 

If I am higher than the average member of my cultural 

group with respect to music and patience, it will help me know 

who I am. And, if my culture values these characteristics then I 

will have high self-esteem. Thus, every person needs a clearly 

defined culture to help him or her form an image of who they 

are personally, and then from that image of the self, they can 

develop self-esteem. 

CHESLEY MESHER 

Colonization, Inuit Culture and Self-Esteem 

To have a healthy self-esteem a person must know who 

they are, and in order to know who they are people need a 

clearly defined culture. In my previous article 

for Makivik Magazine we discussed how 

the coming of Europeans to Nunavik was 

a double-edged sword. Yes, Europeans 

brought new technology, but they also, 

through colonization, reduced the Inuit 

cultural way of life. What this means is 

that Inuit culture, which was very clear 

before contact with Europeans, became 

very confused as a result of that contact. 

People need a clear culture in order to know 

who they are and in order to develop selfesteem. 

European colonization has made 

Inuit culture unclear and it is currently in a 

confused state. This is why so many people 

suffer from low self-esteem. No clear culture means no possibility 

to learn about the self. No knowledge about the self means 

no opportunity to develop a healthy self-esteem. 

Self-esteem will not be improved by directly trying to 

make people feel better about themselves. I believe a healthy 

self-esteem will only be realized when Nunavimmiut themselves 

redefine a clear Inuit cultural identity from the ravages 

of colonization. 

MARY TOOKTOO

wkw5 x3â5 kN[7us5 Nlâ3yAtz5 

i¯8i6 k3cMs3o 

tE9los5 !u $j5 @))%, x3â5 kNo8i5 xgi5 kN[7us5 yñWu9l vtMsJK5 S[3i©2 gxX÷q8i 

sçctŒ5ht4 whmQI3ui4 W5JtQ5hQ5 Wlv8î5 kNo7ui. Ì4fx x3â5 Nlâ3yAtosMsJK5. 

Nunavik Inuit Women's Manifesto 

Stop Violence 

From August 1 st to 4 th , 2005, one representative from each Nunavik community met at a camp near Puvirnituq 

to discuss violence in their communities. These women adopted the present manifesto 

xfislxo3m5 cspm1qy3gDmA8âC5tQ5 i¯8iî5, W÷3§tî5, 

v2WxñEî5, x3dˆ3tEî9l h3êymJ7mEslxo3mb s?5ti4, 

eg3zt8i, w¬8Â9l kN[7usi4 k3cd9MEo3cK5. 

cspm1qy3gbsdpA8âdA5 iXcDbs5ÖodpA8âhbl 

i¯8ii3u4¡ 

wªctŒ5yxc5bD8NymiK5, wvJ3t- 

Œ5yxc5bymiK9l, vJyQx9Md?K5. 

eg3zK5 vmQIs5yxdZ5tQ5 ãmlt4 

t3oN3gü9lt4 WD3Xoxd9lQ5. 

wkAw5yxChx¯3iu4 eg3zt8i4 

whµ¬tc¯§Ai3nsA5b i¯i6 

ryxi k3cD8Nd6. xÖ¡ i¯i3u4 

GWlv8iu4H Nq3y[cMs3b¡ 

x3Nshb €8it3bsAm§A1qMA5, 

eg3zt8il x3dN3bsdpZb 

N9oxA9¬î5 tu4f5 whm4f¬8î5 

xN3Cb wlxi. s?A5 x3NsJA5 

xJw8NChx§aKA5 eg3zK5 

sMW3nstc5yxgüd5hQ5. v2Wxñ3bsixlw5, dkJ3ixbsixlw5, 

W l v5 b s i x l w5 c k o µ6 x N3 C t 8 î d 1 q m E2 X K 5 ¡ 

xsM5IExDtQIs1qfil bm8N Wsy3§tsQxc1qmE5g6 

Ì K z o µ6 v J y g w8 N Mz K 5 h ê C b 3l i . e g 3 z K 5 

i¯Ist1qMs3MK5¡ i¯i6 k3cMs3o¡ 

i ¯8 i J [ i 6 w h m Q J 8 â [ s o D i W l v8 i [ i 3 u k5 

XyIs1q©AtcExc1qM6. 

kNø5 yKo3tq5, xzJ3cs†5 WNh{[i, wvJ3†5, N9oxgw8Nl 

gn3?M5bsA8NCI3g5 i¯8iu4 GWlv8iu4H k3ct5yQxMs3o5¡ 

wkw5 r=Zg3tq5, wk8k5 kN[7usk5 iDx3bsymJ5 bm3ul 

tudtq5, v?à9l, i¯i3u4 k3ct5yQxMs3o5, ñ9ME9lA 

i¯i6 GWlv8i6H k3cME1qioµzi. ß5©t5yxaQxc3iy 

n3etQxMs3ys4¡ 

For too long now we have been witnessing the rise of violence and its 

impact on us, on our children, and on our society in general. 

We can no longer watch from the sidelines as violent acts continue 

to permeate our society. We wish to break the walls of silence 

surrounding violence! 

The future of Nunavik lies with our 

children. We wish to assert the right 

for our children to grow in peace 

and security, and only in this way 

will the cycle of violence be put 

to an end. 

We Inuit women of Nunavik 

demand that violence directed 

against women and children 

must stop. Child sexual abuse 

is absolutely intolerable 

and must end. All types of 

violence, whether physical 

or psychological, against women and children must cease to occur. 

If we continue to not act against violence, our children and we will 

continue to bear the scars, for inaction perpetuates the cycle of 

violence. 

When a violent perpetrator is being forgiven, the forgiveness must 

not translate into immunity for abusers. 

Authorities must act against violence and end the impunity. 

The women of Nunavik demand social justice for their communities. 

Our organizations — Nunavik local and regional authorities as well 

as the federal and provincial governments — must deal with the 

epidemic of violence. 

MARY TOOKTOO 

kN[7usoµ5, kN[7ul tusJ5 eu3DyxExø5 Ì8N Nlâ3yAtoxK5 

nS5pIs5yxExc3m5 xqDttA5. kN[7u wªyK5 ã7mX9oxdlA. 

All Nunavimmiut are invited to reflect on this manifesto, adopt it and act 

against the violence that affects our communities, so that our hearts, our souls 

and our lives may focus on creating a better life for all Nunavimmiut. 


33

Wix3iK5 

øn dW3Dxl4, gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t 

Piniarnivut 

Lisa Koperqualuk, Communications Officer 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

34 

wk4t©5 x©tA8Ni5ti Nîo3ebV 

y8N©mtg5 whmQIsMsJ7m5 wk4tg5 scsyK5 ßmt5yxq8Nix3lA 

kN[7usoµ9l wkw5, wk7mEsZlxDt4 WxCsZlxDt9¬î5 wk4tg5 

sç5yxq8ND8Nix3tlQ5. bm8N Öàozt9lA gryN3g6 x9Mix3hQ5 

!(*@at9lA wkgò5 vtmiz8i S[3igu scsyEIsMs3ymJ5, 

bm8Nl scsyEIs?5hi x3ÇAbµ5yx6 !(*)ui5 n3etbsMs3ymt9lA 

x?b6 WsygcoE[4. 

vt1zî5 wMq8i whµlAtcc5bymJ5 sçAy3u4. 

xbsy3u4 x3Nu4 wkgw8Nu4 sc3gc3ym7uJ6 sçhaoEx5ti4 

sc3bt8i4 WI‰1qhb. ß5gCstQlA xuh5 scD9os§5 ‘q’ 

MJu4 wào1q¯3ht4 ‘q8Nm’. bm8N scsyEIs1axhi 

kwMs3g[isJ5nsJ6 xuhi scsy3i 

Öà¬§a7mb. scsbsc5bym7uJ6 

scs¥3yo3iK5, Wsygc3ªozJilx1ax6 

xg3bs§aA8âgi4. ß5gCst5nyx6 

bmguz xyspi5ti4 Wsygc3ªozJ5 

s9lu 

xg3bs§aA8âCu4 

sc3bs§aA8âg5. cspms¥5 

scs¥9l x9lys3gk5 xg3bsc5bymJ5 

cspmIsA8âg5. 

sN whµl8NuJ6 wk4tg5 

so3âyAtosExc3i6. Ìjy 

dm6 WNhxMs3ymJ6 w7uie5hi 

so3âyAtos3hi. WN§†5 kÌ1aX9oxJ5 

xg3bsA8NyxClx3tlQ5 WNhx3bq8i4 

wvJDtslt4 who5tyAtsym7uJ5 wk4tg5 

x9MAyoµi4 kw5yA8Nym1qNu4. xuh5 wkw5 

sçAtcc5bMsJ5 xyspIsiê5ht4 x9MAy3i4 

G’É’, ‘Ñ’, ‘Ö’ xyq8ilH sçAtcc5bht9l Ì4fx wk4tg5 

x9MA¥5 „I3bsymiq8i4 xqDtsymt8NQ5 Öà8izk5 

ˆ7mQIsc5bMsJ1qg6. Gbm8N ÖàMeymJ6 Ne5bstgò5 

xu§1qgi4 x9MA8Nc5bMsJ7mb. s9luso3go w¬8Nyxt4 

wk4tg5 x9MA¥5 Wbc§ao3g5, Nf3mb kÌi4 x9Mstxl8i4 

Ne5bsti9l kwt5yymJ5.H 

Ì4fx W5JtQ5hQ5 xyq9l, wkgò5 vt1ziz8i 

grÌoMsJ5 scsyoEi3u4 vt1zpc3gnsizi4 

WsomIs5yxdlA Ü9lxbs5yxdlAl wk4tg5 scsy6 

vmpsix3lt9l wk4tg5 scsy3u4. 

Öm1zi5 scsyoEi3u4 vt1zic§ao3g5 kN[7u 

wk4tg5 scsys2 É2Xzªèº5Fgñº5, wo8ixt5yº5, wo8ix†5 

wkgò9l vtctŒ5ht4. x?b4fi wk4tg5 scsy3i4 

x9MymA†5 kxbsymJ5 csbµ5 xg3bs§aA8âg5 kÌ9l 

scs¥5 s9lu wªyso3©u xg3bs?5g5 €8ixys3iËozJ5, 

WdIoEi3j5, Wix3ioEi3j5 xyq8kl. 

x?b6 WNhxDtc3ymJ7mE4 x3ÇAi4 x?t9l 

b9om9li4 xiA3gi4 Ü9lxDtc9ME5hi wk4tg5 scsy3u4 

csbµ3yst5ti4. ryxi WNhx3bsQxc7mEq8Ng6 wk4tg5 

scsy6 h4fX9oxm5 sxD5ybs?5hi c9lˆtg5. csbµ5 

sçJ5 wk4tg5 c9lˆtg9l sxD5ygw§a7mb s9luso3g6 

kN[7us5 wkw5. 

Where are we in our capacity for Inuktittut? 

The dream was to ensure that Inuktittut remained alive and well and 

that all Inuit in Nunavik, whether they were adults or children, would 

continue to speak Inuktittut completely. This is the sense we get when 

we see the proceedings of the 1982 elders conference held in Puvirnituq, 

organized almost every year since the Avataq Cultural Institute was 

created in 1980. 

During that particular conference some of the concerns listed were 

about how we spoke. One Inuk woman stated how we 

were starting to speak and not complete our sentences. 

For instance, most people were saying 

“ngi” rather than the complete “nginnama”. 

This was probably a slang expression, 

such as occurs in any language. 

Also listed was the loss of certain 

vocabulary, especially language 

related to specific traditions 

that are being discontinued. 

An example of this type of 

loss would be knowledge 

and terminology related 

to hunting seals through 

breathing holes. 

Another concern 

was the work being done 

to produce an Inuktittut dictionary. 

At that time, Tamusi Qumaq was working, virtually on his own, 

to finish a dictionary. While the technology was present to aid in compiling 

Inuktittut words, technology was also placing its limits on the use 

of syllabics in the writing system. Several Inuit spoke about the loss of 

a full vowel variant of syllabics (“ai”, “pai”, “tai” and so on) and how this 

part of the Inuktittut writing system had been removed without our 

approval, quite inappropriately. (This phenomenon was caused by 

the limitations of the older IBM Selectric typewriters, which could handle 

only three columns of syllabic characters. Nowadays the full set of 

syllabic characters is back in use, thanks to improved printing and typesetting 

technology.) 

For these reasons and more, the elders conference decided that a 

language commission should be set up to ensure the preservation and promotion 

of Inuktittut and act as the watchdog over Inuktittut issues. 

Since then, annual terminology workshops have been held in 

Nunavik with the participation of Inuktittut language translators/interpreters, 

educators, students, and elders. Avataq carries a database of 

Inuktittut terminology that includes a collection of Inuktittut words that 

are no longer in daily use and a collection of new terminology adapted 

to the modern society we live in today containing new words from the 

fields of medicine, law, politics and so on. 

Avataq has done much work related to language over the past 

25 years, which has truly promoted the use of Inuktittut in our daily 

activities. Yet more work needs to be done concerning the erosion of 

LISA KOPERQUALUK

Wix3iK5 

Piniarnivut 

bmgm whµl8Niz sçAtso‰Ms3ymJ6 !(*@u 

vt1zic3tlQ5. Ìjy dm6 scMs3ym7m5 ‘wkw4 

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X3Ntsix3gi4 vt1zpi4 †y7WE @))%at9lA 

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s9lu. cspnDtsix3gi4 scsy3u4 n3etbsJc3ymo3g6 

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Wix3ioEº9l. ß5gCstu4 x©tMsJ7uJ5 à2 b3ezi @))û 

wk5Jxu, vtmixDyc3ht4 Ì8N xg3bsc5b˜3g6 xyq8k5 

kN[7u kNo8k5 x3ÇAu òJu. gryN5yxDtsZI3gu4 wk4tg5 

scsy6 ckwozo3m¯5 cspnDtc˜3g5 bft5yAtsZI3gi4 

wk8i4 v?mi9l xsM5IExDtsQxo8i4 scsyK5 wk4tg5 

vJyt8ixD5tA §aÔtlAl. 

’wkw4 

scsyzi4 

nS7uZhx§aKA5 

grymJx¬if5tª1qg6 

ryxi nS7uZ5nsJEZ5tA.’ 

Inuktittut because the mixing of Inuktittut with English is occurring in 

greater frequency. Both languages are being combined into the daily 

speak that most Inuit of Nunavik are aware of nowadays. 

Concerns about this were already being echoed in the 1982 conference. 

Tamusi Qumaq said, “We work to protect the Inuit language not 

because we have a great knowledge of the language, but because we 

feel that we need to protect it. We need all the help we can get from people 

who have the knowledge. One wishes Inuktittut were taught more 

to schoolchildren. Young boys and girls speak English to each other 

these days. One day these children will be parents. If they barely speak 

Inuktittut, their children will not learn it. That’s why it’s important that 

efforts be maintained so that our language doesn’t die.” 

Twenty-five years ago, we could claim that 100 percent of Inuit spoke 

only Inuktittut in their homes. Today’s statistics show us 

that over 95 percent speak Inuktittut in their homes. 

So even though Inuktittut may be one of the strongest 

aboriginal languages in Canada, it is in danger. 

We hear and interact with youth today who are speaking 

a mixed language of Inuktittut and English, we 

work daily in languages other than our own, and 

there is a very strong expectation among Inuit 

parents that their children must know English 

or French in order to have a job. 

In an article in the June 25th, 2006 

edition of New York Times, author Clifford 

Krauss explained the findings of Thomas 

Berger in his report to the federal minister 

of Indian Affairs. He writes that 75 percent of 

Nunavut's 30,000 people speak Inuktittut as their 

first language while the principal language of 

the government remains English. Thus, Berger 

concludes, “’the people of the new territory 

speak a language which is an impediment 

to obtaining employment in their own 

public service.’" If Tamusi Qumaq was 

concerned then we should be deeply 

concerned today — in fact we should 

be alarmed! 

In 2005, Consilium, an independent 

consulting firm, submitted 

a Report on Inuktittut and Other 

Indigenous Language Protection and Promotion 

Models to Avataq. This report led Avataq to create a planning committee 

in December 2005 that would clarify the language situation today. 

Plans have moved ahead to do a diagnostic of the language situation 

today at the community level with the participation of youth, workplaces, 

elders, as well as political actors. A pilot project was done at the 

end of May 2006 in Inukjuak, and the workshops that have been held 

there will serve as a model for all the other Nunavik communities in the 

coming year. It is hoped that the diagnostic will serve to show a clear 

picture of the Inuktittut language situation and clearly show the population 

and other interests, such as government, the actions needed to 

keep our language alive and strong. 

MARY TOOKTOO 


35

x4Ñ5: §aic3insK5 

xuhwa5ht4 

x9Mbq5 €bu coa2 

Akpyte: Strength In Numbers 

By Adamie Kalingo 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

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Wz§J3gi4 srsc3hz ybmsJ1qZ3gÌEx[8inso3hz sux3ghb 

sux4f5 yKj5 brio4f5 $)i4 wtZ8i4. 

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kNos5hi Wbc3inj5 x7ml xqi3nj5; 

c9lˆ3tg5 Ö5hmi Ös?Ms3g6 ‘n4M4u4’, 

wKp[4 c9lˆtg5 x9MbsmAtc3tlA wµ4 

‘wK4p[4’, Ì8N kNo4 kNo9l©IMs3ym1qg6 

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Gß7mts÷3gj5H — x3ÇÅ6 !(&#ao3tlA 

stoMs3ym7uJz cIEx4ƒzo3uhzo. 

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kNø5 n9lw5, wKp[4, S[3ig wk5Jx6 

x7ml ƒ4JxÇWs2 wkgw8Nq8i4 

ry4yic3tlQ5. 

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raizi xfis9lxq5g6 †gChxyMs3ymJA5 

vq3hxl7u4 Gvq3hmExl4 is[3tk5 

kNym[sJ[is7m5 w9l[iq5 Ì?î5g5H, kKxl4ƒu5hbl, 

raizA9l xNso3[s2 kKzi çq7uhb Ì8N kKxl4 fÑ4 

kNo3Jxzb b3Cu kK9lgz. bmsô3tlb t1uxZñlw5 

w¬8Nbo dz5nax3gA5 b2Xsz 

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bf8NhbH b2Ùi w8ˆDxl8i. bm3u4 

bsg5bK5 bbuymZMgw8NN3tlQ4. 

bm4fx bf5nsiq5 

sc3bsJ8Nq5g5. swb“1zo3hb 

xJá9osj5 wMqtA5 iWE5©hb 

i9oc5bClx3hb wµ4, ‘€1, ò¡’ 

All of us were smiling as we gazed 

upwards at the akpaaluit (awesome 

murres) and the innaarruit (cliffs). 

Both sights were just mesmerizing 

and unbelievable. Words could not 

describe the scene. With eyes wide in 

amazement, some of us exclaimed, 

pointing, “Look at those! Look over 

there!” And as we looked, we shouted, 

“Wow! Hey!” 

My first encounter with the largest colony of thick-billed murres 

happened on our voyage by sea in a 40-foot wooden boat when I was 

six years old, going on seven. We travelled all 

day as a family in a borrowed boat, as we were 

moving on to the bigger and more prosperous 

village of Salluit; then called "Sugluk". Ivujivik, 

at that time spelled "Ivugivik", was nothing 

more than a Roman Catholic Mission building 

surrounded by Inuit tents and shacks. I think 

there were three other families doing exactly 

the same thing as ours that summer, but I can't 

recall whether they were in different boats in 

the same voyage. 

As the boat’s engine puttered along, the 

birds flew off the cliffs in tremendous numbers. Qavavauq, white teacup 

beside him, moved the tiller side to side with determination, making 

sure we didn’t hit any rocks under the swift currents. Someone shouted, 

“Qilalugaaluit!” I saw the white beluga whale 

they were talking about. For some particular 

SAMMY KUDLUK 

reason, no one shot at it. 

Little did I know I’d return to those same 

cliffs of Kinginniyuaq (Highest Point) and 

Uummanaq (That Which Resembles a Heart) 

— this time in 1973 by freighter canoe. I’d been 

hired by the Northern Quebec Inuit Association 

to head a small team of Inuit to administer 

the populations of Salluit, Ivujivik, Puvirnituq 

(Povungnituk), Inukjuak (Port Harrison) and 

Kuujjuaraapik (Great Whale River). 

Akulivik and Umiujaq didn’t really exist as 

villages in 1973. We had hired Issaki Padlayat 

to transport us. Issaki used to live in Ivujivik, 

so he knew the area well. 

Soon after we had a tea break at 

Kangiqsualuk (Big Bay, or the ruins of 

Wolstenholme Post), we rounded Eric Cove, then 

again rounded Anaulirvik (Cape Wolstenholme). 

By then the birds were constantly streaming 

past us this way and that in the wind. They 

were everywhere, like a great swarm of mosquitoes. 

Now and then an incredibly foul smell 

of their dung would come, blown in our direction 

by the wind. 

All of us were smiling as we gazed upwards at the akpaaluit (awesome 

murres) and the innaarruit (cliffs). Both sights were just mesmerizing 

and unbelievable. Words could not describe the scene. With eyes wide in 

36

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

m8î5 Wrsn3bsŒ3ymoEu4 kNo7u xu3çDts§5. 

The collected eggs are gathered and shared by the community. 

ADAMIE KALINGO 

dMs5tQvbMs3ymIK5. Nioµ5yx©I3ht4, §3l r5gExZñl5tg5 

xu§tQo3ht4. trbsosu÷3uhbl xN3ixlq8k5 xkEj5 ne[sgxC5b 

âc5bhQ5. 

w¬8Nbo dz5nax3gA5 b2Xsz €3lz5hb x4Ùl8i4 

Gx4XZñl8i4 bf8NhbH b2Ùi w8ˆDxl8i. bm3u4 

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bs4fNi w8ˆDxl8i s{?¬8î5 tqm5ht4, x4Ùlw5MIs§5, 

bm8Nl sc3bsAtQ§E?z5 Ì4fx xhÅ6 bfuN3gxl7mb. 

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$#-$* u5yt8i h3ctDts2 

b3ñWq8i4 bric3ht4. 

wtZc3ht4 wm3usb5nIi4. tqm§5 

xuhwÇl5ht4, wnD?3Jxht4. 

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iEI5nÌE?5bu8i4. wµs2 

d˜i Sw5JMsv§5, x3cixoCu4 

xfis1qg6 x3csmc5bht4. 

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døoz3i4 y4Au5tlA eg3zui4 

iE4ÜAtQMzIu8i4 sb3eIsZu 

b2Ùi w8ˆD3u. 

amazement, some of us exclaimed, pointing, “Look at those! Look over 

there!” And as we looked, we shouted, “Wow! Hey!” 

One thick-billed murre is an akpak and is not really all that impressive 

by itself. Two of them are called akpaak. Three or more of 

them are akpyte. And when they congregate on those cliffs 

or are flying around, you really have no choice but to call 

them akpaaluit because they are truly awesome. 

Akpyte have a white underside that reaches 

upwards into a point under their throats. Their heads 

and backsides are jet black. Their wings are also black 

on top but grey underneath. They are 43 to 48 centimetres 

in length. They have black webbed feet. They fly in 

flocks, flapping their wings swiftly. 

Their diet consists of tiny ocean-going fish we call quleeligyte, which 

they catch in the depths of the water. They will first swim on water, then 

dive for a couple of minutes. One can see an akpak with a catch that it 

will then deliver to its young waiting 

on a rocky ledge. 

Akpavineet (ones that used to 

be a thick-billed murre) were eaten 

raw in the past. Nowadays, Inuit prefer 

to boil them. No one has ever 

come across a fatty akpaviniq. When 

boiled, the meat is brown, much 

like the colour of a nirliviniq (one 

that used to be a greater Canada 

goose). Its liver is among the best 

there is. Many Inuit will dip the meat 

x4X[î5 iEIs?Ms3g5 xNso3[s2 nixî5g5 x2Ñ5. 

in misiraq (rendered beluga whale 

Akpyte gather on cliff ledges near Anaulirvik. 

cMmt8NQ5. s9luo, wkw5 

oil) for taste. 

iEAh8ins§ao3g5 ßJoxEmJi4. x4X[i3u4 dwiJ[i3u4 

Akpyte start arriving in little numbers when there’s still plenty of ice 

bfMs3ymJc1qg6. sJoxaymogxCu4, iez vJ§6, and snow in March. They are drawn to swift waters that generate fish, as 

ADAMIE KALINGO 

ADAMIE ALAKU 


37

xxxxxxxxxx 

Story title 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

38 

mJC3g6 Wrsn3hi. 

Climbing for eggs. 

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€bu coa wKp[7usk5 yKo3t. 

ADAMIE KALINGO X3 

eM4 x2Xbo“1z6. 

The sky is filled with Akpyte. 

fast moving waters tend to have more wildlife than still waters. By May 

and June, they are pretty well established at their same little corner of 

the world that they were at the previous year. It’s known that they can 

live for as long as 21 years but it may be true they can live a lot longer. 

By necessity, they produce munneet (eggs) on those rocky ledges 

by late June. Each egg is slightly different in size and a lot different in colour. 

Some are pale blue to the point of almost being white, while others 

are aquamarine with black splotches. They 

are about seven centimetres long and are 

shaped like hot air balloons, making them 

harder to roll off the ledges. 

The eggs are much sought after by the 

Inuit of the village in early July, as soon as 

the danger of floe ice is over and travelling 

18 kilometres to Uummanaq on Qikirtaseet 

(one of the two islands forming Digges 

Islands) is relatively safe, as deemed by the 

young men. 

It takes a hearty breed to get there and 

yet a harder breed to free-climb the high, 

slippery ledges. Toting buckets attached to 

long ropes, the lively young men patiently collect the eggs until the containers 

are filled. Then they hang the buckets on down to the next man 

until the men in the canoes empty them into a bigger container. 

The ledges are streaming with urine and dung and are extremely 

dirty and odorous. 

However, we all know it is what's inside those eggs that counts 

most and it is the only chance the young men will be able to distribute 

the eggs to the 56 households of the village. And the eggs are much in 

demand. A large crowd of Inuit will greet the couple of canoes that come 

back after a long hard day. Inuit will clean the eggs then boil them. Once 

the shells are peeled off, one sprinkles the egg with salt before consuming 

it. Its taste is very good, unlike that of any other bird. 

By July, Qikirtaseet is teeming with birds laying eggs. The cliffs bearing 

the birds are about four kilometres long and about 600 to 800 metres 

high. Within that space are hundreds of thousands of akpyte. The akpyte 

easily number into the millions. There are even more on the mainland 

of Nunavik between Akpaayuit and Anaulirvik where the cliffs are much 

higher. Some people will swear that there are millions upon millions. 

Whichever way you look at it, the sight of the colony is one of those 

wonders that, once experienced, will stay embedded in one’s mind for 

the rest of your life. And even a well-grown man such as myself will not 

cease to be awed upon being put among this scenery. 

Adamie Kalingo is the mayor of the Northern Village of Ivujivik.



wkw5 cz5bÔq5b ‘wo5yym5yxg5 wnDq5’ 

®NsIc3tyi3u4 WNhxDtq5 

wkw5 cz5bÔq5b vtmpq9l WNh5tq9l 

sWA§5pK5 sfiz wkw5 cz5bÔq5b ‘woymi3j5 

wnDq5’-dtuA5 WNhxDtu8i5 ®NsI3ÌtMs3bu8i4. 

Ì4fiz WNhxDtc3iuA5 wo8ixti4 wo8ixbu8i4 

vJy5yxi3u4 Wt5yNhxDtcClx3ht4 iEsAtcq8N§aQK5 

wo8ix†5 wo8ix‰3ymoDt4 wkw5 

cz5bÔq8i WNhAmyMeZI3iq8i4. 

Air Inuit “Wings of Knowledge” 

bursary program 

Air Inuit’s board of directors and employees 

congratulate the following recipients of 

AIL’s “Wings of Knowledge” program. While 

the program is intended foremost to encourage 

Nunavik youth in the pursuit of their 

studies, it also encourages consideration of a 

career with Air Inuit as a vocational choice. 

BOB MESHER 

wo8ixti4 ®NsIc3tyA†5 

wo8ix[4 

Bursary Recipients 

School 

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µ4 C+b8 

Ù5E4 Ù9M÷5 

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ƒ4Jx6 

Matthew Sequaluk 

Mark Ruston 

Patrick Padlayat 

Jaanimmarik School 

Kuujjuaq 

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pi x3Ng4 

y†[ X0º 

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dx3b6 

Lydia Ningiuruvik 

Jeannie Angnatuk 

Steve Page 

Isummasaqvik School 

Quaqtaq 

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ui xMf 

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vq3hJx6 

Mary Mangiuk 

Louis Tardiff 

Minnie Alaku 

Arsaniq School 

Kangiqsujuaq 

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Natasha Angutigirk 

Lydia Saviadjuk 

Leslie Tarkirk 

Ikusik School 

Salluit 

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Benjamin Annahatak 

Maria Airo 

Sammy Airo 

Sautjuit School 

Kangirsuk 

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Samantha Winnie Angutiguluk 

Andy Aragutak 

Asimauttaq School 

Kuujjuaraapik 

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Annie Novalinga 

Charlie Tookalook Crow 

Terence Tookalook 

Kiluutaq School 

Umiujaq 

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Anna Kasudluak 

Minnie Elijassiapik 

Aibillie Nastapoka 

Innalik School 

Inukjuak 

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Mina Surusilla 

Susie Tulugak 

Maggie Nutaraaluk 

Iguarsivik School 

Puvirnituq 

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Sarah Kudluarok 

Caroline Meeko 

Walter Meeko 

Martha Qittosuk 

Nuiyak School 

Sanikiluak 

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Karianne McKenzie 

Tania Vollant 

Zacharie Ambroise 

Melodie St-Hillaire 

Julian Audlarock 

Noella George 

Kanatamat School 

Schefferville 

Badabin Eeyou School 

Whapmagoostui 


39

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40 

cz5bÔu cspmJ7mE4 x8tE Eñ3. 

Engineer André Richard. 

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x9o‰3gi xs4Ay &ao3X5. 

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Gx9o‰u, WzJx8i x7ml ie5ygiH. 

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Ì4fkz Wzhk5 kNo8k5 Évb5gu4. 

• cz5bÔtA5 WA5Isc5bõ3uJ5 sz?us9l bysI3Jxus9l 

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trbsc5bylt4 x7ml sfNi s9li Wzhi xbsyx3blt4 

cz5bÔic5bõ3ht4 É2Xz8i, WzJx8i ybmz8il. 

• WA5pAtsJ5 yK[x9u5 y5yx9j5 sk3yQx3bsicõ3uJ5 

s9li ybmsJ1qZ3gi cz5bÔc3tyc5bylt4 wMQostlA 

x9oqhz3u cz5bÔc3tyi6. 

czb[5nos3ym5ht4 cz5bÔc3tyAtoµ5 ry5Jtq5 

€3eQx3bsicõ3g5 ckw5gu4 cz5bÔc˜3m¯5 x9MymAtsJ5 

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Dash 8FÌ+ * 800 

HS748 m3Doxlw5 &$*ø5 700 

Twin Otter m3DoxDw5 600 

King AirFcz5bÔCDw5 r1wx5 500 

BOB MESHER 

Scheduled service enhancements 

In response to requests from various individuals and organization in 

Nunavik and Schefferville, AIL’s board of directors recently approved the 

following changes in scheduled service which will be effective throughout 

the network on Monday, August 7 th . 

• Direct (with no changing of planes) Dash 8 service from Dorval to 

and from Salluit on both the Hudson and Ungava coasts will operate 

in a parallel manner three days a week (Monday, Wednesday 

and Friday). 

• The all-stops Dash 8 flight on the Ungava coast will consequently 

be rescheduled to Tuesday instead of Wednesday. With this alteration 

of the Ungava Dash 8 flight, connections from Nunavik to 

Sept-Iles and the Lower North Shore will now be available three 

days a week via a connection in Schefferville. 

• Wednesday scheduled service from Radisson to Kuujjuaraapik, 

Sanikiluak and Umiujaq will be accomplished with an HS748. This 

means that periodic direct scheduled service between Umiujaq and 

Sanikiluak is available for passengers and that scheduled mid-week 

cargo service from Radisson to these communities will be provided. 

• Service between the Ungava and Hudson coasts will also be provided 

five days per week with two flights on Monday and Friday 

and one flight on each of Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. 

• Service between Schefferville and Sept-Iles will be increased to 

seven days with the addition of a Saturday flight. 

All scheduled flights will be renumbered so the type of aircraft scheduled 

to the flight will be easily identifiable. 

Aircraft 

Series 

Dash 8 800 

HS748 700 

Twin Otter 600 

King Air 500 

The airline also introduced a third King Air 100 in June, dedicated 

to charter and fleet backup service. 

We anticipate further service refinements towards the end of the 

year but Air Inuit users will be consulted before these prospective alterations 

are enacted. 

Forthcoming Air Inuit Specials 

Summer Sale July 17th – August 6th 

Berry Picking Special August 14th – September 3rd 

Pre-Freeze Seat Sale October 1st – October 31st 

Christmas Shopping Special November 13th – December 10th 

Christmas Special December 11th – January 7th 

Deep-Freeze Seat Sale January 15th – February 18th 

Air Inuit will additionally announce Nunavik-wide specials for events 

such as music festivals during the summer. 

Leased in Iceland 

On May 12 th Captain Normand Noel, Captain Dominic Deluca and 

base engineer André Richard departed Dorval with AIL Dash 8 C-FDAO for


Story title 

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Ì4fiz WNhxcbsc5bMs3g5 cz5bÔ2 iEsQIs[7ui 

tr5yxiEZI3bzi4 WA8Ny5yxMs3mb. 

BOB MESHER 

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WNhx3ti4 É+M8j5 xs9MMs3tNQ5. 

Air Inuit chairman George Berthe (2 nd from left) with crew before they leave for Iceland. 

Reykjavik, Iceland. The aircraft was leased there until late July mainly by 

Air Iceland for service between various points in Iceland and Greenland. 

Although all of Air Inuit’s work is important, it was pleasant to be in a 

new area, meeting new organizations in the international market. We 

congratulate all members of Air Inuit who worked on the project to 

ensure that the aircraft arrived as scheduled. 

AIL’s Canada Post Award of Excellence 

Air Inuit received the Canada Post Award of Excellence this past 

May 24 th at a ceremony held in the Canada Post National Control Centre 

in Ottawa. This is quite a distinguishing award considering that only 10 

companies were selected out of 12,000 suppliers throughout Canada 

and in all fields. 

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x9MÌ3[oEpq5H, Wb dx+m8l Gwkw5 cz5bÔq5H. 

Presentation of the Canada Post Award (L-R): Jacques Côté (Canada Post), Michael Voland (Air 

Inuit), Pita Aatami (Makivik), Moya Greene (Canada Post), and Peter Horsman (Air Inuit). 

To be considered, you have to attain at least 98 percent delivery 

on contract targets. In each case they mentioned something particular 

that justified the selection — for Air Inuit they mentioned that whenever 

things went wrong (such as the weather, etc.), our airline performed 

well above contractual stipulations to ensure that they were put right 

as soon as possible. 

CANADA POST 


41

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Order of Quebec 

for Johnny Adams 

DANIEL LESSARD 

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WtbsJ5nMEsK6, wlq3ghzl sWA§5pmE2XC.’ 

Former Kativik Regional Government chairman 

Johnny Adams was appointed as a Knight of the 

National Order of Quebec on June 20th, 2006 in 

Quebec City. He was honoured as a key person in 

maintaining the working relationship between the 

Quebec government and the Inuit, as well as for his 

work in acquiring many services and essential infrastructures 

in Nunavik. Quebec government minister 

Pierre Corbeil, who personally supported Johnny for 

this honour, proudly welcomed Johnny’s appointment, 

saying, “Mr. Adams certainly deserves this title, and I 

congratulate him most sincerely.” 

BOB MESHER 

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42 

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rNsizªoz5ht4 x5paxaQxq8i4. 

Our Own Photo ID Cameras 

Realizing it was about time that Nunavik caught up with the 

rest of the world in having official photo identification, Makivik 

has persistently worked to get photo ID cameras set up in each 

community and these efforts have paid off. This is an especially 

important service considering that, as of January 2007, anyone 

travelling to the USA by boat or plane will have to have a passport, 

and anyone travelling across the border by car will need an 

official government photo ID. Also, since the infamous 911, security 

restrictions for travellers within Canada also 

require photo identification and Nunavimmiut 

previously could not obtain any form of official 

photo identification within the region. 

Paid for mainly by federal Indian and 

Northern Affairs, with some money from Quebec 

as well, each Nunavik community now has two 

photo ID cameras. One camera is in the local 

landholding office for the new JBNQA beneficiary 

card, which is not accepted as official photo 

ID for travellers. The other camera is set up in the respective 

northern village offices, complete with proper lights and backdrop 

for official portraits. If you need a photo for a passport or 

health care card then the CNV is the place to go. In Kuujjuaq, 

unlike the other communities, you will need to come to the 

Makivik office to get your picture taken. CLSCs in the Hudson 

Bay and Hudson Strait communities can already provide new 

health cards with photos on them, and it is expected that the 

Ungava Bay CLSCs will start doing this by September. 

Also, thanks to the KRG’s Department of Employment 

and Training, two instructors travelled to the Nunavik communities 

to train several residents in each community to use 

the cameras. If one person is unavailable to take your picture, 

one of the others should be able to do it. A fee of $15.00 per 

photo is charged for anyone under 55 and $10.00 for those 

over 55. The beneficiary card photos are taken for free and are 

not accepted as official photo ID for travellers. 

ISABELLE DUBOIS

Nunavik 

notes 

Uplifting Reward for Hard Work 

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xuh1amb xJá5gmEsMsJ6. wMq5 wk4Jxus5, n9lus5, 

dx3bus5, vq3hus5 vq3hJx3usl.’ 

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ƒ4g6, nN4 €Nˆ6, m fX, s5ge b3exW4, xµ8b St, y8t 

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douÅ3†5 xsM5yp7mEz Wb b1v8, wo8ixt5ypz p+o8 2Mu8b8 

x7ml xro3bsZi wvJMsJ6 Ô8 €7+gÇ1. 

BOB MESHER 

English secondary-1&2 students at Jaanimmarik School in Kuujjuaq got 

a bird’s eye view of the local area as a result of their success in running a 

thrift shop throughout the school year. Using the money raised by the 

student venture, along with a reduced 

fare compliments of Nunavik Rotors, 

each student and staff who helped with 

the project went for a 20-to-25-minute 

helicopter ride in the afternoon of May 

29 th — a beautiful day for sight seeing! 

The thrift shop project was a community 

effort, whereby local households 

donated used items and a store was set 

up in a basement classroom. Besides 

skills learned by the students, the 

recycling project was good for the environment 

and provided a valuable service 

to residents. Teacher Anne Marie Lewis 

said, “The community response was 

absolutely tremendous. After it caught 

on the influx of customers was amazing. 

Some even came from Inukjuak, Salluit, 

Quaqtaq, Kangirsuk, Kangiqsujuaq.” 

The hard-working students were 

Peter Koperqualuk, Johnny Kooktook, 

Sanak Annanack, Emma Cooper, Uttuqi Tukkiapik, Amanda Berthe, Cindy 

Saunders Dufresne, Elene Tooma, Emma Munick, and Kitty Gordon. They 

learned that if you have a good work ethic, the reward could be uplifting. 

Thanks also go to Nunavik Rotors manager Peter Duncan, teacher 

Ghyslain Plamondon and volunteer Joan Armstrong. 

BOB MESHER ANNE MARIE LEWIS 

wk4tg3g5 WdI3ªozJ5 iWos3bsmJ5 

cEbsIs2 gê8NbstzîtbsJ5 

Ö4fx x3â5 xµq5i4 ÖIsJ5 WdItÅ3gi4 grymAt5nsht4 

iWos3bsmJ5, kwbsm5ht4 vg5÷a5ht4 Éducaloifk9l x7ml 

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cEbsIs2 gê8NbstzA5 s?i ˆM5bsA8Nht4 

www.educaloi.qc.ca/en/arnait/inuit_info. 

Ì4fx Éducaloi tusÔK5 wo8ixt5yAtc§5nIs5ht4 

WdIªozJi4 x7ml ®NsIi4 çq3ifos3tsNhxCt4 n3etbsmJ5 

fÑ4 kNo3Mzius5 gnsmtbsc5bd5hQ5 hNi4 WJ8Nstc3m¯b 

hNi9l WI5nc3m¯b grymt5hQ5 WdItÅ3gi4 scsy3u4 

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wkgcsJ5 xg3il5bsJ5nsq8iq8ªozJ5, WNh{[u w5yÅ3il5gj5 

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s8i¬tc3is2 ckw¬DtsQxc3iq8i4 x7ml kox3if5 

Wi3lbsmi3ËozJ5 xro3bsAtbq9l. 

Inuktittut Legal Audio on the Net 

The Arnait Amaangit legal information audio capsules, which were 

produced jointly between Éducaloi and Makivik and aired over the 

radio, are also available www.educaloi.qc.ca/en/arnait/inuit_info. 

Éducaloi is a non-profit organization that exists to inform 

Quebecers of their rights and obligations by providing legal 

information in everyday language. The Arnait Amaangit legal information 

topics are Child Support, Paternity Suit, The Exploitation 

of Elders, Sexual Harassment in the Workplace, Divorce, Conjugal 

Violence, Sexual Assault and the Complaint Process, and Sexual 

Assault and Compensation. 


43

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wMQIsyQxu4 – Öà¬5nstQJ5ngc[is5hz x3ÇAk5 #)k5 

xiAD5Isgw8NCb3ymZm.’ 

Citizenship Ceremony Reaches Nunavik 

Three long-term Kuujjuaq residents officially became Canadian citizens 

on June 6 th , 2006. The swearing-in ceremony was hosted by Makivik 

Corporation in the Kattitavik Town Hall with Judge Barbara Seal, c.m. as 

the presiding officer accompanied by citizenship officer Terry Laurito. 

Johnny Peters and Maggie Emdluk were in attendance as special guests, 

invited to the microphone by master of ceremonies Don Allard. But the 

most important three in the hall were Colin Aitchison, Neal Clunas, and 

Kenny Blake — the new Canadians. 

It was Judge Seal’s first time in Nunavik and she was overjoyed 

with the beauty of our landscape and hospitality. “I had never been here 

before and I am absolutely thrilled,” she said. “Flying over and looking at 

the area and knowing this is a part of our country, it makes you think, 

when we say ‘from sea to sea to sea’ how beautiful and vast our country 

is, and how lucky we are.” 

One has to live in Canada at least 

three years before qualifying for citizenship, 

which was no issue for these 

three who have lived in Kuujjuaq for 

decades. Kenny Blake has been with 

Makivik ever since the Corporation 

started. Before that he worked for the 

Northern Quebec Inuit Association as 

a helper on their Beaver aircraft, which 

was used extensively for land selections 

in Nunavik prior to the James 

Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. 

He first arrived to work for the Hudson’s Bay Company, though, in 1972 

— the same Company that also brought Colin and Neal to Nunavik. 

Considering the headaches caused by the 911 terrorist acts in New York 

City, they were able to entice a citizenship ceremony with help from 

Donat Savoie and Guy St-Julien, who know their way around Ottawa’s 

bureaucracy. “It was a proud day for me,” Kenny said. “I felt proud to 

become a Canadian — I should have done this 30 years ago.” 

BOB MESHER X2 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

44 

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!.*!(.(^$.@(@% s{?¬8î5 !.*&&.^@%.$*$%, scom[cDmlt4 

@#(u4 ñui scomsto7u4. 

October Art Workshops 

The Nunavik Art Workshops that are organized 

by Makivik will be held in Nunavik for the 

fifth year in a row — this year in Kuujjuaq in 

October. Open to beginners and experienced 

artists alike, lessons such as soapstone carving, 

printmaking, and jewellery design are 

given. More details will be made available as 

the fall draws near, but anyone wanting more 

information can call Makivik’s head office at 

1.819.964.2925 or 1.877.625.4845, extension 239. 

ISABELLE DUBOIS

Nunavik 

notes 

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bfQxu4. g1zh5tbs5yxMsJA5.’ 

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x3ÇAo3gi nNm5yxi3ã5 mo5hQ5 moZso3g5 s9lu.’ 

Nf3ühil wo8ixti4 wMui4 eàym5ht4 cspnEx3gi3mb 

cspn7mEQxco3gi4; ghQ5hQ9l kNooµi4 kN[7u ÉtCD8Ni3mb 

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wMq5 w9loEp3Jxf8k5 x7ml fÑ4f5 w9loEp3Jxq8k5. 

x8tl sc3hi €3eQx3bsi5nq8i4 bf5nstQisI5Iq8Nb 

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wr9o?9oxIA8âm5.’ 

BOB MESHER X2 

Social Housing Inspected 

A team of students from the University of 

Quebec’s Building Science Program gathered a 

full compilation of data regarding the structural 

situation of social housing units in Nunavik during 

six weeks in May and June. The team travelled 

by Air Inuit Twin Otter, starting in Kuujjuaraapik 

and then to every Nunavik community to check 

the houses — many of which are around 25 years 

old. Professor Gabriel Lefebvre, who accompanied 

the students, explained that our harsh northern 

climate hastens the deterioration of houses, compared 

to regions down south. He also said, “The 

tenants were very happy to see us. We were well 

received.” 

Above we see the KMHB staff and inspection 

team beside one of the inspected houses. Back row 

(L-R): Oliver Moreau, Marie-Claude Rochon, Pierre 

Roy, Tommy Brochu, Marie-Ève Neron, Isabelle 

Simard, Catherine Bouffard, and Philippe Bouchard. 

Front row (L-R): Gabriel Lefebvre, Philippe-Louis Larue, Sebastien Denis, 

Robert Marchand, Marc-Yvan Jacques, Simon Huot, Stephane Maltais, 

Martin Rousseau, and Paul Gervais. 

Andy Moorhouse, president of KMHB, said a report would be produced 

from their findings, including an estimate of costs for repairs. He 

said it is evident that social houses built prior to around 2000 were “not 

adequate or sufficient for cold climate. The regulations and materials that 

were used for housing construction back then are causing the need for 

a lot of improvements in regards to the health and safety of the population 

occupying these units.” He added, “Makivik has been constructing 

them for the past five or six years and they have been pretty well done, 

according to current 

regulations.” 

He also thanked 

the students for taking 

this time away 

from their families to 

do the badly needed 

inspections; yet he 

admired them for 

being able to visit 

every Nunavik community 

in such a brief 

time — something 

that few people get 

to do. The project 

was jointly funded 

by KMHB and SHQ. Andy also said that we should not expect to see 

any repairs carried out as a result of this study at least until summer 

2007 or even summer 2008. “But the [KMHB] board will be committed 

to improving these units that are old and dire repairs are needed, taking 

into account that the rent is not getting any lower.” 


45

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ãm8, x7mlbs6 Ôy fhZ6 yKi3ui ckw1qyxd5hA whmQ?K5. 

Mary Simon, New President for ITK 

Mary Simon, who was Makivik’s corporate secretary in 

1978, second vice-president in 1980, and president from 

1983 to 1985, is now the president of Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami. Mary also 

formerly served as Canadian ambassador to the Arctic and to Denmark, 

as well as president of the Inuit Circumpolar Conference. Her new role 

at ITK came into effect on July 7 th , 2006 during their annual general 

meeting in Inuvik. She replaces Jose Kusugak, who had served for the 

previous six years. 

Makivik president Pita 

Aatami, who nominated 

Mary for the ITK presidential 

seat, was especially glad 

to find out about Mary’s 

acclamation. He said, “I’m 

so happy that we have a 

woman from Nunavik now 

heading our national Inuit 

organization. Mary is a 

well-known Inuk leader not 

only in Nunavik, but also in 

Canada and even in other countries. As a former ambassador to the Arctic 

and an advocate for children and youth, she has already brought a lot of 

attention to issues that are important to Inuit in Canada. Mary will have 

a lot of ground to cover — from the Inuvialuit region to Labrador — but 

I know there will be many Nunavimmiut proudly shaking her hand every 

times she lands in one of our own communities.” 

Above we see Mary Simon speaking at the ITK board meeting while 

Makivik treasurer Anthony Ittoshat and Nunatsiavut first vice-minister 

Tony Anderson look on. Also, following the announcement of becoming 

ITK president, Mary Simon is about to shake hands with one of the 

Nunatsiavut government ministers, Ben Paniuk, as she did all the delegates. 

Congratulations Mary Simon, and best wishes to Jose Kusugak 

for the future. 

STEPHEN HENDRIE X3 

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46 

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Pitseolak Pfeifer 

Heads Inuit Secretariat 

in Ottawa 

Pitseolak Pfeifer was appointed this past 

May as the executive director of the Inuit 

Relations Secretariat of INAC in Ottawa. 

It is hoped that the Inuit Secretariat will 

help Inuit to be recognized distinctively 

in the Canadian government since our 

concerns are seldom the same as issues of importance to other native 

cultures such as the various First Nations and the Métis populations. 

Pitseolak, who was born and raised in Iqaluit, brings to the department 

over 15 years of experience in matters relating to Inuit social and economic 

development.

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w¬8Nq8i4 Öà5©hi bXN1qgu4 €8ixb3ymJoµi4 €3evWdp5ht4 

whmQIc3S5. 

RAGLAN FALCONBRIDGE X4 

Inuit Kitchen at Kattiniq Mine 

Nunavik 

notes 

Falconbridge Raglan Mine goes through a lot of food — about 700,000 

kilos of it a year! Part of it is caribou meet and artic char that is for use in 

the Inuit kitchen on site. The kitchen has been in use since the beginning 

of the mine’s operation in 1998. 

Since then Raglan has had a special 

agreement with a hunter that 

sells them this fish and meat, which 

is kept in the kitchen’s freezer for 

all Inuit employees. This provides a 

possibility to anyone who wants to 

eat country food to have some. The 

kitchen is also a gathering place 

were people congregate to chat, 

relax and share stories. 

One of the recent stories is 

the benefit evening for the cancer 

society. We have a very brave 

woman that participated in the 

hair cutting ceremony. As you may 

know, companies will organize a 

benefit and people will have their 

heads shaved. Raglan employees 

raised more than $4000, and 

a nice chunk of this was raised 

by Passa Padlayat form Salluit. 

Falconbridge Raglan is grateful to all of their staff that went through 

the ceremony. The mining company, as well as Makivik Corporation, 

would also like to wish to everyone that has to face this terrible disease 

a prompt recovery. 

ykÙ2 xµq5 

sWAh2SA5 gx ykÙu4 G‘ykÙ’ gn3iAh5tuk5H 

iDx3bsi3m5 w1qQx3g˜3tlA n=Zi3j5 xµy8i4 — 

kNc3çymJ5 w1qax3iz8k5 Ôi @^-u m8gpxu. 

gx w1qax3tsctq9l sfiz W1axg[î5: 

‘kNZ’, ‘xsMpIC’, ‘w3cn3†5’ ‘s9lc3XSA5’, 

‘WIExr5g6 xat’, ‘y4vz÷4 is4’ x7ml ‘iDxE5’, 

ra9oÙ3yst3hi wk©5hi ‘xy5pi3u4’. Ì8N 

b9omsAt[i6 vtis5hi kNou gnstoEi3u 

vg5pctŒ8is2 n=Zi3u4 yK9o[iy8i4 kx5yi3u4. 

Ì4fx w1qax3g5 gñIs5nstQA8NMsJ5 

vtmt5yJk5 x7ml ˆMsttA5. kwtb[i6 

e9og6 wMc3hi gx2 w1qbzi4 ‘WIExr5g6 

xat’ xgw8N6 WZhx3bsAmgxDi s?i cEbsItA5 

www.DigYourRoots. ca, gryQx3[n3bc3hil 

bm5hjz w1qaxQx3gg[i3il. gx mr{[s2 

gnC5ndtq8i4 wµ4 sc3[cMsJ6, ‘Nf3gmEx¬MsJ6 

iDx3b[isQxu4 n=Zi3j5 yK9o[i3i4. whmcMs3ym5Iq8Nm 

iDx3bsZIExu4 xu§t9lQ5 w1qax†5 vNboµu.’ 

Sinupa’s Roots 

Congratulations to Etua Snowball (“Sinupa” to 

his fans) chosen to perform at the Dig Your Roots – 

Aboriginal concert June 26 th in Montreal. The songs 

that Etua performed there with his band were: 

“Nunaga”, “Aulajijara”, “Irqasartiit”, “There Comes a 

Time”, “Simple man”, “Crazy Legs” and “Choose”, ending 

with an encore without his band titled “Asitjiniq”. 

This was number five in the National Campus and 

Community Radio Association’s Dig Your Roots series 

of compilations. The show was broadcast live nationally 

on participating campus and community radio 

stations. The resulting CD, including Etua’s song 

“Simple Man”, is available at www.DigYourRoots.ca, 

along with information about the project and all of 

the featured artists. Etua told Makivik Magazine, “It 

was an honour to have been selected for the compilation for Dig your 

Roots. I had never really thought that I'd be selected out of all the music 

that they had to pick from right across Canada.” 

ISABELLE DUBOIS 


47

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sMWbsZI3uhb bµi sMWt5nc1qg5yxÇW7üMsC5b.’ 

A Beautiful Career Weekend 

Last April 7 th to 9 th , employees from Makivik and other organizations 

were at the annual post-secondary student career weekend at a Mont- 

Tremblant resort to talk about possible career tracks. “I believe we definitely 

have a lot of potential future 

leaders amongst these students. 

I want to encourage 

them to continue with their 

schooling as far as they can 

go, and they too can have 

a great career at Makivik!” 

Jennifer Hunter, who represented 

Makivik, said. 

A lot of the students 

asked about the new Cruise 

North ship and many asked 

about Makivik subsidiaries, such as Air Inuit and First Air. Jennifer added, 

“I enjoyed the weekend because we got to stay at a beautiful hotel with 

beautiful surroundings and we got to interact with the students without 

distractions that we would have normally if we were in the city.” 

JENNIFER HUNTER X3 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

48 

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Shared Knowledge 

for Elisapee and Lydia 

Elisapee Uqittuq from Kangiqsujuaq and Lydia 

Annahatak Yeates from Kuujjuaq joined social workers 

Sarollie Inukpuk and Lynn Sparks in the Northern 

Quebec Module Social Services Department for two 

weeks in June 2006. Their objective was to learn 

more about patient services in Montreal and other 

resources for Inuit, while completing the field practice 

requirement for their Certificate in Northern 

Social Work Practice. This program, offered through 

McGill University, provides basic training in social 

work for Nunavik Inuit. Elisapee and Lydia are both 

Social Assistants in their local CLSCs and will soon 

be graduating with their certificate. 

Elisapee and Lydia learned about the inner 

workings of the Northern Module and participated 

in a number of activities. They provided social support 

to patients in some of the hospitals and did 

a lot of networking, which included sharing their 

cultural knowledge with southern workers. In the Montreal area they 

also visited the Native Friendship Centre, the Native Women’s Shelter, 

Onen’to:kon Treatment Services and a CLSC. The benefits of this shared 

knowledge and professional connections will contribute to the improvement 

of social services for Nunavik Inuit. 

SAROLLIE INUKPUK

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‘w¬8Nt4 wo8ixt5yº5 w5y?5yxgw8NExo4 cht3lt4 

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Qxc3m¯b, C8 rsMs3g6, ‘WxC6 cspmAm2X5 hNu4 

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W7mEs7uJ6 WxC3j5 Ì4fxbZl xoxh5tZhxC5tQ5 Wxê5, 

wk7mEs1qg5.’ 

ISABELLE DUBOIS X3 

More Nunavik Schools 

Listed for Space Contact 

Nunavik 

notes 

The space contact program, sponsored in part by First Air, was such a 

success for Kuujjuaq students that it will be repeated in other Nunavik 

communities as well. Two years ago students from Kuujjuaq went to 

Manordale Public School in Nepean to participate in that school’s space 

contact mission and then on May 4th a group of Manordale students were 

exchanged to Kuujjuaq for their space contact mission. When Makivik 

president Pita Aatami saw the students’ enthusiasm about speaking to 

the astronauts, he wanted to ensure this project could be brought to as 

many communities in Nunavik as possible. “It’s all about education. We 

need more of our students interested in Science and this program gives 

them a chance to take part in something pretty special. 

Maybe one day there will be an Inuk working for 

NASA. Why can’t we have an astronaut from Nunavik 

someday? These goals can be for anyone, if you work 

hard enough you can be anything you want.” 

Retired Ottawa fireman and former First Air safety 

inspector Ron Ralph is a key organizer and promoter 

of this program. He said, “The teachers and students 

couldn’t tell us enough how well they enjoyed it. 

Somewhere this is going to spark something in a 

young student in the North. I know when I was young 

in life I said ‘I want to be a firefighter’ and I pursued 

it. Now 36 years later it has been good 

to me. So some child in the North is going to 

get touched by this program and it is going 

to give them a focus. Once a child is motivated 

they will move mountains. But it is up 

to us to create the opportunities.” 

The names of all Nunavik communities 

were put into a hat and Puvirnituq, Quaqtaq, 

Inukjuak, and Salluit schools were picked as the next applicants to have 

their students speak to astronauts on the space station. The timing for 

these contacts is decided on very short notice for hush-hush NASA security 

reasons. It is important that these schools be well prepared for the 

event. As Ron explained, it costs millions of dollars per minute to deal 

with the space station and involves synchronized participation with 

people as far away as Australia. If a school suddenly has to cancel, the 

consequences are substantial. 

Ron reassures teachers that they should not worry too much about 

the logistics. Their main task is to ensure the students have a list of questions 

prepared in advance and the school gymnasium be decorated for 

the occasion. Organizers including Ron Ralph, Steve McFarlane, and Lori 

McFarlane come to the school to coordinate things, complete with the 

necessary equipment. Ron says, “All [the teachers] have to do is sit back 

and relax and enjoy.” 

When asked whether students should be advised on the kinds of 

questions they should ask, Ron says, “If a child wants to know what you 

eat on the space station, to that child, that’s important. If the child asks 

‘How do you go to the bathroom on the space station?’ to a child that 

is important and that is who we are trying to entertain — the children, 

not the adults.” 


49

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sfx Table de concertation des 

Forums jeunesse régionaux du 

Québec (Quebec regional youth 

forums roundtable/“TCFJRQ”), 

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the Quebec Youth Action Strategy, bm5huzl 

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Andrew Neeposh and John Matoosh along with Premier Jean Charest, Jonathan Epoo, Adamie Padlayat, and Sarah Lisa Alaku. 

Quebec Youth Forums 

It was unfortunate that no Inuit youth leaders 

were available to attend the spring 2006 

meeting of the Table de concertation des 

Forums jeunesse régionaux du Québec (Quebec 

regional youth forums roundtable / “TCFJRQ”), 

in Quebec City. All the Saputiit executives were 

not available as they were already assigned to 

represent Nunavik at the 2006 Arctic Winter 

Games in Alaska. 

Quebec Premiere Jean Charest came to the 

quarterly TCFJRQ meeting, which was held in 

Plessisville. There he talked about the Quebec 

Youth Action Strategy, which he remains very 

committed to. Adamie Padlayat, Jonathan Epoo, 

and Sarah Lisa Alaku were also at the June 10th 

and 11th meeting. 

SARAH LISA K. ALAKU 

kN[7u W1axt 

Nunavik Player 

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wªy3ui 

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Name: Charlie Jobie Ekomiak 

Date of birth: July 31, 1976 

Place of birth: Kuujjuaq 

Home community: Kuujjuaq 

Favorite person: Norman Blake 

Favorite food: Shrimp 

Favorite sports: Hockey, especially the 

playoffs 

Occupation: Dishwasher at the 

Kuujjuaq Inn 

Future goal: To have my own business 

Toughest challenge: Going uphill with my walker 

Pet peeve: Mosquitoes 

50

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h3dwyCb1qvlx3hz, 

ryxil xuh5 

wo8ix†5 x5pgw8NCi4 

Wâlbc3gns7uJ5. 

vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 

vtmp3Jxq5 

nS†5f5 r4Zg3tz5 vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8k5 

xy5pymoEK6 Öm1z5 ÷Nb fEî wMsÔ[7ui5 k3cMsJt9lAi5, 

Öàoifzk5 vt1zpq5 iDxoMsJ5 yxI øn xMfu4 wk5Jxusu4 

wkwD5gu4 w8kwixo3tlA. Ömo r4Zg3tc‰Clx3ht4 €bu 

X9M÷5u4 kNooµk5 s[Z3gi4 xbs5yf3typsizA5, nS†5 yxI ønu4 

iDx3bsmli wMsÔMzo3tlA vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8k5 

t4fxyMsJK5. 

kNooµi s[Z3gw5 WNhx3bq8i4 xbs5yf3typk5 wozZI3gu4 

vtmixDyc3gnsQxu4 sçc5bXoEK5 vtmixDy6 W5JtcCI3tlA 

x9MymJosEs3ni3u4 ®NsI3ysDt5ni4 WZhxDtsZI3gi4 vNbu 

e7mdt5noEº5 WA5p[z8i5 w9lZni kNc3gk5 kNogc5nè5 

s[Z3gq5b xuhwoezJi4 WZhx3[sA8Nht4 vt5b[q8i4 

®NsIc3tyAt5nsJi4. 

vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq5 WNhctcc5bymoEK5 

yM3Jxus5 srs3bgq8i kNo8i4 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8i4 ÙsD 

x˜+vü˜3gi4. kN[7us5 s[Z3gw5 b4vi yM3Jxus5 s[Z3gw5 vtmi3Jxz8i 

r4Zg3tQ˜3bq5 sfxaÔ4 ÷Nb8 wS x7ml €bu Ù9M÷5. 

Phebe Bentley, 

Planning to Make 

a Difference 

LISA KOPERQUALUK 

Occasionally Nunavik post-secondary students studying in 

Montreal find themselves working temporarily at our office 

down there. Phebe Bentley started her contract with Makivik 

Corporation in mid-February as an income tax agent and then 

helped out in the corporation’s Construction Division doing 

secretarial work. She writes: 

“The best part about working here is the friendly people. 

Everyone is always willing to give a helping hand around 

here and that’s really nice. I got a chance to catch up with old 

friends and meet new ones. I think I’ll be back next year to do 

the 2006 income taxes. 

I recently decided to go back to school although I was 

tempted to stay and apply for a full-time position. I am registered 

at Concordia University with a major in Management, 

but I think I will change programs before the end of the year, 

perhaps to Economics. It should take me three years to complete 

my bachelors and after that I may go into Education. I 

would like to make a difference in the education system in 

Nunavik. As the saying goes: ‘The apple doesn’t fall far from 

the tree.’ I feel that big changes need to be made to ensure 

that the youth realize that they can do whatever they want in 

life, they just need to work at it. I would also like to help them 

find their calling in life, I had a very hard time figuring out what 

direction I should go into and I’m still not sure, but I think a lot 

of students have the same problem.” 


fÑ7u s[Z3gi4 xbs5yƒ3tyº5 wMc3ht4 fÑ2 xzJ3çzi4 ÷8 ñ‰u4. 

Youth coordinators from throughout Quebec with Premier Jean Charest. 

National Inuit Youth Council 

The Saputiit representative for the National Inuit Youth Council has changed 

since the resignation of Jonathan Grenier, whereby the board members elected 

Sarah Lisa Alaku of Inukjuak to fill the vacant position. Although already represented 

by Adamie Padlayat as the regional youth coordinator, Saputiit named 

Sarah Lisa as an elected member of the National Inuit Youth Council. 

For the regional youth coordinators, there are talks of having a workshop 

in writing project proposals to Heritage Canada for the Urban Multipurpose 

Aboriginal Youth Centres funds. 

The National Inuit Youth Council has also collaborated with the International 

Circumpolar Youth Council (ICYC) in Barrow, Alaska. The Nunavik youth delegates 

to attend the general assembly of the International Circumpolar Youth 

Council are Jonathan Epoo and Adamie Padlayat. 


51

nS†5 s[4Ü5 

vg5pct‰iz 

kN[7u 

÷Nb8 fEî 

®NsIoEpsMsJ6 nS†4fi ÷Nb8 

fEî k3cDtui4 giyMsJK6 vtmpk5 

ÉEo @))û. yK9oÙu vtmº5 iDx3ç- 

MsJK5 ÷Nb8u4 µ8Nystsix3tlA 

®NsIoEpsix3tlA x3ÇAoµa1qgu, 

iDx3icvWQxcMsJifzk5 ®NsIoEpu4 

xzJ3çl gzo5nzi4 W5JtQ5hA. ÷Nb8 

iDx3bsoMsJK6 ®NsIoEpsi3j5 dx3bu 

vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 @))$at9lA. 

®NsIoEpsi3ui, ÷Nb8 yK9oÙu 

WNhMsJK6 Wzhk5 x3ÇA8ªozJu4 ßjz 

Living Life Qayaq Project-WNhx3bsizk5. 

wopA8Nyt5yMsJQK6 ßuz cEbsIj5 

xg3bs§u4 Simply Accounting TM softwareu4 

G®NsIoEi7ËozJu4H, ÷Nb8 nNMsJQK6 

wo4ƒgu4 ®Ns5Iñi4 xro3gwAtu4 nS†4f5 

WNh3tq8k5, x7ml b7mymJ8ixbsymJi4 

x9MymJi4 yK9oÙu4 gipMsJQK6 

nS†4f5 xsMizk5 ®NsItA5 gÇZ5nq8i 

vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 @))%u ƒ4JxÇW7u. 

÷Nb8 r4ZgMsJQK6 nS†4fi4 

ÏNboµËozJu4 ÖIsic3hi r4vg4tu4 

vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxf8k5, 

kN[7uo toIsi3ui4 r4ZgDNMs3uJ4 

mr{[f8i, vt[4 kNooµ5 

v?m4fq8il. 

Nf7ü4 ÷Nb8, x7ml WAmIt8i4 

WdN8ixEKt5 yKi3u. 

kÌ6 m3Î6 vtmpa©4 

b{?i x3ÇAu topî5 m3Îk5 

S3gi3ñ8k5 wî8k5 gÇMsEÓ4 gzo5nzk5 

xzJ3ç2 x7ml ®NsIoEp5nj5. topî5 

iDx3bsJ5ni4 giIsMsJK5 w¬8Nq8k5 

s[4Ü5 hc3[q8k5 kNø5 vtmpq8k¬8î 

s4fwbs5hi à !(u, @))û s4fxhi 

Ôi (, @))û. m3Î6 s[4Ï4 gipMsJÓ4 

yf5nIi4 toIsAt7ui4 whoMs3tNA 

topA8Ni4. WIcExcMsJÓ4 Wzhi4 

top5nui4 x5pŒqgi4 kNo8i4 x7ml 

m3Îi4 topÔi4 kNo7ui. 

ño N3Ö, ƒ5JxÇW7usnI µ8No 

vq3hJx3usao3hi, giyMsJK6 yf5nIu4 

toIsAt3ui4 xzJ3ç2 gzozªozJu4 

pxi? Ax5r8+ ƒ4Jxus6 gipMsJEK6 

yf5nIi4 toIsi3ui4 ®NsIoEpsi3j5. 

÷Nb8 fEî, nS†4f5 ®NsIoEpQc5bMsIz. 

Jonathan Grenier, former Saputiit treasurer. 

pxi? kÌa5Iq9M6 nS†4fk5 nS†4fi 

®NsIoEi3j5 grjx3typsMsCu srx5ns- 

MsJ7mi4 @))%u. Nf5nD5pKA5 ño 

N4Öu9l pxi? Ax5r8+u9l, m3Îk5 x3ÇÅ8k5 

toIsMs3©4 WQx3ht4 Jä &-u, @))û 

Ì4fx woIsMs3Í4 wª4 m3Î6 vtmi7mEzi 

nS†4f5 ƒ4Jxu. 

kÌ2 x9M[s2 wiz 

nS†4f5 s[4Ü5 vg5pct‰8iz kN[7u 

ªymo3d5 mr{[f5 x9M[zi4 mr{[4f5 

x9M[[izk5 xrxî5gj5 ®NsI4f[s2 

ƒ5Jxu. kÌ5 bMÓq5 wà5©K5: 

xrc1qg4 kN[7u ryxi: 

1.866.964.0335 ƒ4Jxu bMÓ: 819.964.0335 

s{?¬8î5 819.964.0453 hv5gƒDtz: 

819.964.0441 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

BOB MESHER X2 

r=Zg3†5 WNh5†l nS†4fi x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 vt1zic3tlQ5 Jä $-u5 &-j5, @))^-u. 

Delegates and staff at the Saputiit Youth Association’s annual general meeting which took place from July 4 th to 7 th , 2006. 

52


nS†4f5 yKo3tq5 Ggkxî5g6 nsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H: Ì{i g5g GbysI3JxuH, 

pxiK Ax5r8 G®NsIoEpH, ÷Nb8 wS GxzJ3ç6H, €bu Ù9M÷5 Gmr{[s2 

s[Z3goEpzH, ºu se5g6 GvJy5yxg6 xzJ3ç2 gzozH. GyKÇî5g5 

nsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H rE+†8 rxÖ8N6 GkK7usiH x7ml ñ8t x3Ng6 Gsz?uH. 

Saputiit youth leaders (back L-R): Daphne Tooktoo (Hudson Bay), Jennifer Watkins 

(treasurer), Jonathan Epoo (president), Adamie Padlayat (Makivik youth liaison), 

and Jimmy Ohittuk (outgoing Vice-president). (Front L-R): Christine Keatainak 

(Hudson Strait) and Sandy Angnatuk (Ungava Bay). 

Saputiit Youth 

Association 

of Nunavik 

Jonathan Grenier 

Former Saputiit treasurer Jonathan Grenier 

gave his resignation to the board members in 

mid April 2006. The board first chose Jonathan 

as interim treasurer for less than one year, as the 

election for treasurer and vice president was 

just around the corner. He was then elected as 

treasurer in Quaqtaq at the 2004 annual general 

meeting. 

During his term as treasurer, Jonathan first 

worked in the three-year proposal for the Living 

Life Qayaq Project. He also implemented the 

Simply Accounting TM 

software, produced an 

independent payroll 

for Saputiit employees, 

and presented the first 

audited statements of 

Saputiit’s operational 

budget at their 2005 

annual general meeting 

in Kuujjuaraapik. 

Jonathan also represented 

Saputiit at the 

national level as the 

National Inuit Youth 

Council elected representative, at the regional 

level as the ex-officio with Makivik Corporation, 

and at the Kativik Regional Government. 

Thanks Jonathan, and good luck in your 

future endeavours! 

Two new members 

This year’s call for nominations for two 

Saputiit executive positions was for a vice 

president and a treasurer. The call for nominations 

were sent to all youth centres or municipal 

offices on May 19 th , 2006 and closed on June 9 th , 

2006. Two youth gave their nomination forms 

before the deadline. They were required to get 

three nominators from different communities 

and two from their home community. 

Sally Nuktie, originally from Kuujjuaraapik 

but now residing in Kangiqsujuaq, sent in her 

nomination form to become vice president 

while Jennifer Watkins from Kuujjuaq sent her 

nomination form to become treasurer. Jennifer 

is not new to Saputiit as she has been the 

Association’s finance director since fall 2005. 

Congratulations Sally Nuktie and Jennifer 

Watkins, who began their two-year mandate 

on July 7 th , 2006 following Saputiit’s annual 

general meeting in Kuujjuaq. 

New office location 

The Saputiit Youth Association of Nunavik 

has moved from the Makivik head office building 

to the Corporation’s former office located 

across the street from the CIBC bank in Kuujjuaq. 

Their new phone numbers are as follows: 

Toll-free only in Nunavik 1.866.964.0335 

Direct line: 819.964.0335 or 819.964.0453 

Fax Line: 819.964.0441 

kN[7u W1axt 

Nunavik Player 

xtz: ºi xIAb6 

wªo3[zb s9lz: IkxE (, !(^( 

wªo3[zb kNoz: ƒ4JxÇW4 

xq3Czb kNoz: ƒ4JxÇW4 

wk5yxdtq5: wM4v N7ui4v 

ie5yxdtq5: i4fw5 x7ml wZu 

wZmJ5 goà5 

W1axDt5yxdtz: ¿oÙ9 

hNhxChx3iz: vmp7mE4 n3ox[4 eg3zsJi4 X4Q[7u 

yKi5nu gÇZq5: wo8ixEx9˜i6 

wªy3ui 

sdàQi3ÙEymIz: 

N9oQIui4 wM1qi6 

v?Ei3Xz: wkw5 iE§5 ciq5 É5b¯l5nt9lQ5 

Name: Jeannie Aragutak 

Date of birth: January 9, 1969 

Place of birth: Kuujjuaraapik 

Home community: Kuujjuaraapik 

Favorite person: My immediate family 

Favorite food: Nikkuk and barbeque 

spare ribs 

Favorite sports: Volleyball 

Occupation: Centre Director of the 

Saqliavik Childcare Centre 

Future goal: To further my education 

Toughest challenge: Losing a loved one 

Pet peeve: People who eat with their 

mouth open 


53

kN[7us5 w3ih5tyAyq8i4 

xu3çDtc3i6 bétu 

ui fº2 x9Mbq5 

Sharing Nunavik Midwifery in Tahiti 

By Minnie Grey 

WNhx‰oxo4v WI‰3mb, xzJ3çz AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?m4fi tosEMsJ6 

ui+bui4 WNh5tq8il wM4vi4 s?8il eu3Dtbsdp5hi béts2 er3bzi4. 

After my official business was finished, the President of the French Polynesian government 

instructed his ministers and their staff to give my family and I a tour of the island of Tahiti. 

MINNIE GREY 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

54 

µ5p @$, @))%-at9lA xatZ sp5h5, w3iCl r, XiZl yxy 

€8, s?zl xs9MyMsJKA5 gx¿9u5 xfi czby5hb er3bj5 

bétu4 xto7j5 Éy5hb. w¬8Nyxb xoxhxMsJA5 ci1qgj5 

ÉyZ5b. 

s8kxu etCo3tlA trstZ5b s3ÚJ7mEx¬MsJ6. v?mk5 

is{[sbs5hb trZ5b sIubs5hb WD3yxi4. 

€8ixys3tmE4 ᐄE4 bAxä wN5yt9lA, Wx çDl 

ui+b wlyoEi3j5 AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?mq8i ò3dt9lA 

bétoxMsJKz sçAtcEx3ghz vt1zAtc3tlQ5 

w3ih8ioEi3u4. 

kN[7u wlyoEi3u4 x3ÇAi4 xuhZM7mE8i4 

WNhxcts§aZm x5pŒ1qgi9l wk8i4 WNhctcc5bymo3hz 

wMst9lA €8ixys3tmE4 bAxä M¿9 wo8ix[3Jxzi. 

Ì8N €8ixys3tmE4 cspQx1zMs3ymJ6 kN[7us5 x3â5 

xµm5tyJ5 w7jq5 S3gJ7mE7u4 W¥WcExq8i4 !(*) 

x3ÇAq8i WNhx3ymJ7mEs5hil wkw5 cspñ3bsiq8i 

iei4 h4fN3gbcD8Ngi4. 

€8ixys3tmE4 bAxä WNhxctsc5bym7uJ6 kNc3çymJk5 

yM3Jxu xyq8i kNc3gk5 Wlx3gu4 WNhx3bc3hi wµi§i4 

i3Jti4 iec§k5 wcl8il. AwAw4f5 kNz8i Soîyxu 

er3bi evEx3ym5hi cspJ[isMsJ6 wlyoEi3j5 ui+bz 

X3Nizi4 vt1zisZI3gu4 w3ih8ioEi3j5 wk7ul 

òdpQxzi4 sçAtcEx3gli wkw5 x©tymIq8i4. 

yK9oÙ5yxu Öà5gu4 vt1zi3u4 x©tMsJ5 

v?mq5 iDx3bsc7usZu4 WNhx3gmEsc5bmb wkdtui4 

iWc3inst5yZhx3ht4. 

x3â5 Ì4fNi er3bi kNc3g5 wMui4 eàQxc§a7mb 

WxC3ÌEx3gygxCu4 béts2 €8ix[zª3ht4 xs9Mym§a5ht9l 

b3ei4 Wzhi4 cz5bÔdtq5 syA8N§a1qmb x3Ni4 

WxC5ncgx3mb b3é5 Wz§J3g5 szÌk5. Ì4fxl 

€8ix[7usa§a5ht4 gJ3us[5nc1qm5 €8ix[ox3ymJk5 

moZ3il moQxc§a5ht4 WIExgJi4 WxC3ÌEx3gymigw8Nui. 

wMŒ5, w3ih5tyº5 xuh9l x3â5 b=Zi vt1zi3üMsJ5 

On March 24, 2005, my husband Richard, son AK, daughter Jessie 

Anne and I left Dorval for a long trip to the island of Tahiti. We were all 

very excited to be going to this faraway place. 

It was very hot when we arrived there at midnight. An entourage 

of government officials greeted us as special guests and beautiful leis 

of flowers were put around our necks. 

Upon the recommendation of Dr. Eric Dewailly, Mrs. Pia Haro, 

Minister of Health for the Government of the French Polynesia, invited 

me to Tahiti to be a guest speaker at a birthing conference there. 

I have been involved in the Nunavik health sector for a good number 

of years and had developed many working relationships with people 

in various fields, including Dr. Dewailly of Laval University. He is the one 

who found high PCB levels in Nunavik mothers’ milk in the l980s and 

was instrumental in getting the Inuit active in addressing the issue of 

contaminants in the food chain. 

Dr. Dewailly has also worked with indigenous people in other parts of 

the world, especially concerning marine mammals and fish diets. During 

a sabbatical in the French Polynesian Islands, he learned that their health 

ministry was planning a conference on birthing and wished to invite an 

Inuk to speak about the Inuit experience on this subject. 

It was the first time ever that such a conference was organized there 

as their recently-elected government is going through a series of exercises 

to give their people a stronger voice. 

Women from these small islands must leave their families to birth 

at the main surgical hospital on the main island of Tahiti, which takes at 

least three months because their airlines will not permit passengers who 

are more than six months pregnant. They stay in the hospital because 

there is no patient transit housing and have to follow rules that do not 

consider the hardship of going away for long periods of time just to have 

a baby. Families, midwives and many women attended this conference 

to voice their dissatisfaction and made many points about how it negatively 

affects them. Can you imagine? This is like Nunavik of the l960s! 

I shared with the participants of that conference the experience

sçQx3gym5ht4 ck3l whw5gu4 h3Cbs- 

Atc§a7m¯7u4 sç5ht4. whm1axD8Né5V 

kN[7us[is÷o3g5 !(^) x3ÇAq8i¡ 

sçAtcMsJKz vt1zJi wªo5y[7us5 

x©tymIzi4 w3ih5tyi3l kN[7j5 st3tbsymizi4 

xJw8Nspt9lA xzJ3çEIsMs3ymJ6 

€i glZ. x3â5 xs9MtbsQxcq8N§aZlx5 

N9oQ8k5 €8ix“8k5 kN[7u WxC3ÌExcoCu4 

m8gEx9j9¬î5 ryxi WNhxDy3i4 Wzhi4 

ybmk5 xs9Mym§5. x7ml wªo5y[4 

w3ih5¥i3u4 WQx3tyMs3ym5hi !(*) x3ÇAq8i 

wobEIsic5yxo3gu4 wlyoEpk5 WNhxctc§a5ht9l 

w3ih5typi4. wk5Jxu n9lil 

w3ih5tyº5 WQs3nIsymJ5 kN[oµul bm8N 

w3XD8NydIClxC x3â5 WxC3ÌExu4 xoxN3©m5 

xoxhctcD8NyxCI3mb wMui4 cibc3lt4 kNo7ui9l. 

x3â5 w3ih5tyº9l vt1zJîMsJ5 scc5bMsJ5 raizA5 

§aysui3ui4 gn3ymo3ht4 wkgw8Nshb x©tymI5ti4. 

kNc3çymJ5 AwAw4f5 kNz8i Soîyxu w3ih5typc3iu4 

kNo7uk5 st3tyAm7mb Wsygc3utA5 x©t§[i3ui4 

x©tMsJ5. x3Nu4 WxC3Ìc7uu4 òdp5ht4 wkgc6 nsptbsMsJ6 

scsI3i4. x5gbs8Ng7mEsMsJ6 WNhx3iz. 

bétus5 Ìiy3tq5, wl3dy3u bfuN3izb wMz5. 

Tahitian dancers, part of a vibrant culture. 

òdIs7uZm v?mc3[zk5 w7uÅ3ht4 WNhx§i4 

vtyQx3gMsJ7uJz x3âNs7uJi4 xbsy3u4 xatbc3ht4. 

WNhxExo4vi4 WI‰Cm AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?mzb xzJ3çz 

tosEMsJ6 ui+bdtui4 WNh5tq8il SMC3tbsdp5hi 

béts2 er3bzi4. s9loµ5yx6 er3bu4 eu3DMsJA5 — xzJ3ç2 

kN4ƒÔzÅ3tbs5hb. 

bsN8N s3ÚJxl4 bfuN3gmExl4. Ì4fx er3Ö5 

Ö5hmixli5 AwAw4fk5 kNdtQIs§aiq8i4, Wsygcq5 

wl3dyq9l Wbo7mEsq8Ng5. Ì4fx kNc3çymJ5 s?Atg5 

scsy3ui4 wl3dy3ui9l Wsom5yZhx3g5 xsM5yA8NyAm5ht9l 

csbµ3ystui4 wªy3ui4, ÖàAtclx3uht4 er3busaZu4 

kNz5 sl5Isgw8NExc3m5 yMs2 s3Úy?9oxizk5. 

Ìétox3iEMsIC wo5yN3©MsJ6 xoxN3©hil. v?mdtq5 

wkdtq9l g1zN3gmEsMsJ5. xoxN3iXsMsJ6 w9¬2 wlxi 

i9MÌAts2 kwbsymiz. s3Úys3hb s9loµ6 yi5b[7ËC5b 

i9oN3gËD8Nc5bMsJZ5b. 

ui fº kN[7u v?mÌChx3ij5 xqctŒZhx3t 

MINNIE GREY X2 

vtyi6 x3Ni4 v?mc3[usi4. 

Meeting with the women parliamentarians. 

of Inuulitsivik and how birthing was brought back to Nunavik through 

the efforts of the then executive director, Annie Tulugak. Although most 

Nunavik communities are still expected to send their women to our two 

hospitals or to Montreal for the more at-risk pregnancies, their stay is 

normally just three or four weeks. Furthermore, the Inuulitsivik Health 

Centre started a midwifery program in the l980s that is recognized as 

a model for health professionals and midwives working hand-in-hand. 

Midwives from Inukjuak and Salluit have trained at this program, and it 

is my hope that it will expand throughout Nunavik so women can celebrate 

the wonderful occasion of giving birth with their families and 

communities. 

The women and midwives at the conference told me afterwards 

how empowered they felt after hearing about what we have been able 

to do as Inuit. The indigenous people of French Polynesia also want to 

bring back the tradition of midwifery and took this occasion to do a traditional 

ritual that used to be practiced. They invited a mother with a 

newborn and an elder blessed the afterbirth, which was wrapped in special 

leaves and buried in the ground. It was a very touching event. 

I was also invited to meet with the Autonomous Party at their local 

parliament and met with their members, who are all women except 

for one man. After my official business, the president of the French 

Polynesian Government instructed his ministers and their staff to give 

us a tour of Tahiti. We took a whole day to visit the island — riding in 

the luxury of the president’s car. 

The South Pacific is a very beautiful part of this world. Although 

these islands have a long history of colonization by France, their traditions 

and culture are very vibrant. These indigenous people, like many 

of us, strive to keep their language and customs alive and aspire to have 

more control over their everyday lives. They are also very concerned 

about the issue of climate change, especially since they live on islands 

that could eventually be flooded due to global warming. 

My trip to Tahiti was very educational as well as pleasurable. The 

government authorities and people treated us with great hospitality. 

We especially appreciated the invention of the air conditioner, though. 

After enduring the hot days, we always had a nice cold escape in the 

hotel room. 

Minnie Grey is a Nunavik Government Negotiator 


55

x.p. xü9M4, x9Mhi si4?axos3g6 

A.J. Amidlak, Prize-Winning Poet 

A.J. Amidlak, poète lauréate de prix 

xøyx pi xü9M4 G‘x.p’H 

ñMcMsJK6 R@)-ÌMÇ3gi4 

is[DtsA8Ngu4 yK9oXs5hi 

ra9oÙ3ysyQx[5gi x7ml 

R@)-ÌMu4 ®NsIgw8Nu4 

ra9oÙ3ystu4 yK9oXsAtj5 

si4ÏaxostJi m8gpxu ßuz, 

gÇ3thA sWmZhx7mE5gj5 

xˆNuk5 ui xü9Mj5. 

Alyssia Jenny Amidlak (“A.J.”) won 

a $20 gift certificate for coming first 

place in the semi-finals and $20 in 

cash for coming first place in the finals 

of an Optimist Club poetry contest in 

Montreal when she wrote this poem, 

dedicated to her proud mother, 

Minnie Amidlak. 

Alyssia Jenny Amidlak (“A.J.”) gagne un 

certificat cadeau d’une valeur de 20$ 

pour sa première place aux demi-finales 

et 20$ en argent comptant pour sa 

première place à la finale d’un concours 

de poésie du Optimist Club à Montréal, 

après avoir écrit ce poème , dédié à sa 

fière mère, Minnie Amidlak. 

My mother 

My mother is beautiful 

Every day and every night 

She is always sweet 

with the boys and the girls 

My mother has nice hands 

that I like to caress 

Her heart is full of love 

for me every day. 

My dearest sweet mother 

that I love each day and each night 

Thank you for giving me life 

You are like spring when flowers bloom 

MINNIE AMIDLAK COLLECTION X3 

xˆNZ 

xˆNZ x3Nyx6 

s9lbµ5 s8kbµ5 

bwm1zoµ6 WsJ6 

gDy3k5 Xi8kl 

xˆNZ x=ÛWo4 

x5©xAm?4v 

ß7mtz bb5g6 N9oi3u4 

s?8k5 csb?5 

xNˆWZ 

csbµ5 N9oQIC s8kxbµ9l 

Nf3ü4 wªy3ctymZ[1z 

sW3zns÷3dt5 WD3yx5 WDo3tlQ5 

My mother, my sweet mother 

I really love you 

My mother, my good mother 

I tenderly offer you this poem. 

Ma mère 

Ma mère est jolie 

Chaque jour et chaque nuit 

Elle est toujours gentille 

Avec les garçons et les filles. 

Ma mère a des doigts de fée 

Que j’aime bien caresser 

Elle possède un coeur rempli d’amour 

Qui vibre pour moi chaque jour 

Petite maman chérie, 

Que j’aime chaque jour et chaque nuit, 

Merci de m’avoir donné la vie 

Tu es printemps qui refleurit. 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

56 

xˆNZ, xNˆWZ 

N9oQ7mE2XQ5 

xˆNZ, xˆN5yx6 

Ì8N W5yxhz wo8k5 giIC. 

Ma mère, ma douce maman, 

Je t’aime vraiment. 

Ma mère, ma bonne maman, 

Je t’offre ce poème tendrement.

kN[7u cspn3†5 

cspnDt[iq5 )!) 

Nunavik Research 

Fact Sheet 010 

i3ø5 cspn3bsiq5 

hN W5Jbs? cspn3isJk5 i3ø5 s9lq8i4V 

ßmJoEi3j5 vmp7m‰5 ßmJ8il cspn3†5 cspn3[c§aK5 

t7ux5 s9lq8i4 wvJ3yIsixZu4 x3éhw§aK5 s9lw5 

czsiq8i4 mò[{sA8Nix3gi4 t7uxix3ik5 c5yi9l 

t7uxi4 x8igD8Nbsix3m¯b t7uxk5 va3k9l srsao3m5 

czst9lA cspn3î5 WI‰§a?5V 

t7uxi4 cspn3î5 WNhx3bs?9l§aK5 Ôis2 WQx3izi, 

m8iÌExzt9lQ5 m8iq9l w¬8Nt4 WI‰3ymogx3mb 

wªo3ymogx3mb. bm8Nl x3ÇA8i dosqZ3gi WNhx3ymo3g5 

cspn3iu4 t7uxi4. 

PETER MAY COLLECTION X3 

ÏNbs2 yeiq8î5gª§a7mb xuEvs9l kNzk5 

t7ux5. bm4fx cspn3î5 gryN3ty§aK5 

ieQIs§aiq8i4, s9lo§aiq8i4, 

wªo§aiq8il ckwZt4 x5pŒqg5 tux5. 

bm4fxl cspn3î5 ckw9lxgu4 t7ux˜[î5 

srsco3ht4 x3ÇA3go3ht4 wMsy§a7m¯b 

t7uxk5. cspn3iu4 WNhx§5 vJyJu4 

WNhx§aK5 b4vi5ãN6 x3ÇAbm5 Öà7m5 ßmJ8i4 

cspn3†5 c5ysm¯b t7ux5 w¬8ˆlq8i4 

c5yx¬7m¯b cspA8NMeAtQ5hA. 

ckw¬3ht4 WNh§a?5V 

kN[7u, cspn3bsiq5 i3ø5 do7uÎo7u4 xg§aK5 

s9lc3[q8ªDtQc5bhA. NÔtogxCu4 cspn3[QIuk5, 

m3Dwac5bst§aK5 x[5gym5ht4 xgi5 m3ÎuÔ8i4 wkc3ht4 

WNh5†4, Whvb5ht4 t7ux5 s9lq8i4 

eiI3ht4. m8iq t7ux5 s9lq8i ck6 

xqic3m¯b h3çt3bs§aK5, sdà5gix3bsu5ht4 

rybs5ht9l. xbsy6 wk4 

xbsy6 wk4 yf5nIj5 

x9Mc5bt9lA É2Ù yf5nIj5 x9Mc5bt9lA É2Ù h3çtEt9lA 

h3çtEt9lA Ì8N Ì8N i3o4 x3ˆl4 xfi s9lui4 

eàmlxd8NA. s9lw5 m8iq5 iEI[î5 

i3o4 x3ˆl4 xfi 

ßmJk5 rybs?QK5 x9M[5nj9l x9Mbs7uht4. 

s9lQIsJ5 xgi5 Nlâ4fy3b- 

s9lui eàmlxdNA. 

s§aK6 xsX˜zJj5 eJ7j5 NXJj5 

b7mE4ftj9l d7jxtbsmJj5 gÇ§j5 

Nlâ5bs§aEK4. 

Jä whxi xs4Ayts9l WQx3izi, t7ux5 s9lq5 

cspn3bsQx9M§aK5 kx5yht4 x9MymJdtq8i4 ßmJk5 

iEIs§aiq8i4 ckwq©§aiq8il m8î5 wkoymoCu4. 

m8î5 Ízb wlxî5g5 soq5 cspn3bs§aQK5 N9oq5 c5¥l 

m8î5 wªo3g[is7m¯b. t7ux5 s9lq5 yKizi cspn3b[î5 

cspnbsyx§aQK5 N9oq5 ßmJw5 s9lzi4 vm8im¯5- 

x5ã¬8î5, Nsè9¬î5 s{?ø8î5 tEZ8ix5. 

Nî t7ux5 s9lq5 cspn3bs§a?5V 

i4ø5 s9ldtq5 cspn3bs§aK5 b9omi x4pŒqgi 

sz?s2 kNzi. er5bJxu, ƒ4JxDy3u, xh3c6, er5Ìl7u x7ml 

kNu xsX¬2 b3Çzi. yKizi x3ÇÅMs3gi, t7ux5 s9lq5 

cspn3bsiEymIq5 vJytbsc3bymQK5 S[8i©2 nixi, ryxi 

b{?i x3ÇA7u ®NsIc1qifzk5 WNhx3gcMs1qg6. 


57

kN[7u cspn3†5 

cspnDt[iq5 )!) 

Nunavik Research 

Fact Sheet 010 

Canada Geese Surveys 

What is the purpose of nest surveys? 

Wildlife managers and biologists get information from nest surveys 

to help set hunting seasons and harvest limits for ducks and 

geese on the wintering areas in southern Canada and the United 

States. These surveys determine predation, nesting, and hatching 

success of various waterfowl species. They are used to determine 

recruitment rates of the young-of-the-year into the population. By 

conducting the surveys in the same area each year the biologists 

are able to assess the status of the population. 

are measured, weighed and numbered. One person records the 

data while the other person does the measuring to minimize the 

time the female is off the nest. Nests that have had the eggs eaten 

by predators are also counted and included in the data. Each nest 

is marked with an orange wooden stake and the GPS co-ordinates 

of the nest are noted. 

PETER MAY COLLECTION X3 

One person records the 

data while the other person 

does the measuring to 

minimize the time the 

female is off the nest. 

In late July and early August, nests are rechecked to collect 

information on predation and 

hatching success. Egg membranes 

are examined to see 

which and how many eggs 

hatched. Predated nests are 

carefully examined to determine 

which predator visited 

the nest — black bears, gulls, 

or foxes. 

mr[4 eu3Dxq5 

58 

When are they done? 

The surveys are usually carried out in early June, during early 

incubation and after a full clutch of eggs has been laid. This is the 

ninth year of the study. 

How is it done? 

In Nunavik, the survey of Canada Geese is conducted by using 

a helicopter to get to the nesting sites. Once there, two teams of 

two people each, walk searching for nests. The eggs in each nest 

Where are nests 

surveyed 

in Nunavik? 

The Canada goose 

nests are surveyed at 

five different sites in 

the Ungava Bay region. 

Qikitajuaq, Kuujjuarusik, 

Assuuqaq, Qikitaluk 

and an area just north 

of Aupaluk. In previous 

years, nesting studies 

were carried out near 

Puvirnituq, but not this 

year due to lack of funding.

†[ gSw Gbo3Wü5g6H fÑ7u kNc3çymJ5 W1axtq8k5 wMsMsJ6 vNboµu 

kNc3çymJ6 çr3ic3tlQ5, ybmQIsMsJ5 dos1qZ3gi WostJi. ƒ5Jxus5 

su7mq8k5 W1axtsMsJ7uhi srsaMsJ6 yM3Jxoµus5 çe3tbsic3tlQ5 

!#-aAtQo3bzi. GnsuziH su7m6 W1ax†5 fÑ7üht4. 

Tivi Dupuis (right) played on the 

Quebec National Aboriginal team 

for the National Aboriginal Hockey 

Championship, which came fourth 

in this nine-team event. He was 

once the mascot for the Kuujjuaq 

Ummimaks, who were invited to play 

last winter in the international peewee 

hockey tournament for their 

13 th year. (Left) Ummimak players 

in Quebec City. 

BOB MESHER X3 

MARTIN KORONKIEWICZ 

Wxê5Fv4v˜5 x5paxu4 NMs5ñDtc3lt4 WostAtz5 

Kid’s Mystery Photo Contest 

scD8N„5 sN x5pax6 hNs7m¯5V 

Can you tell us what this picture is? 

Wz§J3gi4 ñMcst5ni4 

W[cD8NSt5¡ 

6 chances to win a prize! 

Wxê5Fv4v˜5 WostcbsAmJ5 srscExø5 

!@-i4 s{?¬8î5 !@ xÌi srsc3lt4. 

Contestants must be 12 years old or younger. 

NMs5yQx3g5 rsAtt5 xs9Mt9lQ5 

sfiz x9MymJi4 wMc3tlQ5: 

Send the following information with your 

correct answer: 

1. x†5/Your name 

2. srst5/Your age 

3. x9Mb3[f5 yMtt5/Your address 

4. s[iD3Wl xqiz/Your shirt size 

NMs5yQx3lt5 rsAtt5 sKz x9MÌ3[f5 

xs9Mt9lQ5: 

Send your answer to: 

Kid’s Mystery Photo 

c/o Makivik Magazine 

P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq QC 

J0M 1C0 

ñMø5 N9oÏIs˜3g5 y5t7WE @(, @))û. 

The winners will be chosen on September 29 th , 

2006. 

kN[7us5 nNZq8i WymJ6 Év9Mo4 

s[iD6 ñMcsts˜3g6 

A Nunavik Creations T-shirt will be sent to each 

new winner. 

sWA§5pKA5 Wz§J3gi4 NMs5yMsJi4 

x3ni3i4 ÏD9 X5ns6, uxp ¬vy, µbø8 fE+, 

uxp àN, €8p €My x7ml Xsly €My. 

Congratulations to these six winners who correctly 

guessed these northern lights: Carol 

Patsaq, Mary Lucassie, Madeline Grist, Mary Mina, 

Angie Alacie, and Pauloosie Alacie.

WD3yxbD5pJ6 x5nui4. 

Awi NX3g6, x9Mt mr{[s2 

W5naEx9MA8NgoEi3u4 WA5p[zi 

x1zui4 É2Xc3hi Ùn oü3u4, 

gk NÙ3©2, o8 oü3l Xizi4. 

Picking flowers for her aunt. Winnie Napartuk 

is the secretary at Makivik’s Renewable 

Resources Department and her niece, 

Passa Lemire, is the daughter of 

Tunu Napartuk and Line Lemire. 

BOB MESHER

Makivik Magazine Issue 77

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