Sybex CEH Certified Ethical Hacker Version 8 Study Guide

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120 Chapter 5 ■ Scanning Networks Network mappers combine the scanning and sweeping techniques explained in this chapter to build a complete picture. Keep in mind that mappers can easily reveal the presence of the ethical hacker on the network due to the traffic that they generate, so mappers should be used sparingly to avoid detection. Figure 5.7 shows the results of a network mapper in action. FIGURE 5.7 A network map built by a network-mapping software package Using Proxies The last topic that needs to be discussed as far as successful scanning is concerned is the use of proxies. A proxy is a system acting as a stand-in between the scanner and the target. The proxy acts as an agent for the scanning party, thus providing a degree of anonymity for the scanning party. Proxy servers can perform several functions, including: ■ Filtering traffic in and out of the network ■ Anonymizing web traffic ■ Providing a layer of protection between the outside world and the internal network
Using Proxies 121 Proxy servers are typically used to maintain anonymity, which helps scanners. A vigilant network administrator who is checking logs and systems will see the agent or proxy, but not the actual scanning party behind the proxy. Setting up a proxy is easy and can be accomplished a number of ways, depending on the situation itself. Setting a Web Browser to Use a Proxy Use the following steps to set your browser to use a proxy: 1. Log on to www.whatismyip.com and write down your current IP address. Or you can use ipconfig to gain this information. 2. Enter proxies in your favorite search engine to find a site providing a list of publicly available proxies. Each proxy in the list consists of an IP address and a port. 3. Randomly select a proxy from the list and write down its IP address and port number. 4. In your browser, find the proxy settings and manually configure the browser to use the information from step 3. 5. Check out www.whatismyip.com again to see how the proxy now hides your actual IP address. You can configure proxies in other web browsers the same way. Choose a proxy based outside the United States to best simulate what an advanced attacker would do. Proxies based in the United States can have their records subpoenaed, which is why a malicious party typically would refrain from using them. Other proxy options are available to you as well, that may be useful in certain situations. One important one is the Onion Router (Tor). Tor is an older technology, but it is still effective and widely used. To better understand this technology, read the following description from the Tor Project’s website (https://www.torproject.org/about/ overview.html.en): Tor is a network of virtual tunnels that allows people and groups to improve their privacy and security on the Internet. It also enables software developers to create new communication tools with built-in privacy features. Tor provides the foundation for a range of applications that allow organizations and individuals to share information over public networks without compromising their privacy.
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Senior Acquisitions Editor: Jeff Ke
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Acknowledgments First, I would like
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Contents at a Glance Introduction A
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xii Contents Chapter 3 Cryptography
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xiv Contents Commonly Exploited Ser
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xvi Contents Chapter 11 Denial of S
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xviii Contents Securing the Physica
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Introduction If you’re preparing
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Introduction xxiii How to Become a
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Introduction xxv Tips for Taking th
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Introduction xxvii 4. Answer all of
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Introduction xxix Network/wireless
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Assessment Test xxxi C. PPP D. SLIP
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Assessment Test xxxiii 19. An indiv
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Assessment Test xxxv 31. Which of t
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Answers to Assessment Test xxxvii 1
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CEHv8 Certified Ethical Hacker Vers
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In this book you will learn the var
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4 Chapter 1 ■ Getting Started wit
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10 Chapter 1 ■ Getting Started wi
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Every skill set comes with a histor
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28 Chapter 2 ■ System Fundamental
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This chapter covers cryptography, a
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58 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography The p
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60 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography ■
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62 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography MARS
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64 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography A has
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66 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography The C
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68 Chapter 3 ■ Cryptography Under
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Page 123 and 124: Chapter 4 Footprinting and Reconnai
Page 125 and 126: Understanding the Steps of Ethical
Page 127 and 128: What Is Footprinting? 85 Goals of t
Page 129 and 130: Terminology in Footprinting 87 Orga
Page 131 and 132: The Footprinting Process 89 Using S
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170 Chapter 7 ■ Gaining Access to
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Chapter 8 Trojans, Viruses, Worms,
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Malware 181 In past decades, what w
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Malware 183 The Patriot Act This ac
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Malware 185 1. Design. The author e
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Malware 187 ■ ■ Macro viruses d
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Malware 189 How to Create a Virus C
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Malware 191 A Closer Look at Slamme
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Malware 193 ■ ■ Freeware—Down
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Malware 195 Operations that could b
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Malware 197 ■ NetMeeting Remote:
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Malware 199 Tools for Creating Troj
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Malware 201 5. In the next screen,
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Overt and Covert Channels 203 ■ P
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Exam Essentials 205 ■ ■ ■ ■
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Review Questions 207 7. Which utili
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Chapter 9 Sniffers CEH EXAM OBJECTI
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Understanding Sniffers 211 When on
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Using a Sniffer 213 In terms of LI,
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Using a Sniffer 215 2. Choose Captu
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Using a Sniffer 217 Table 9.1 lists
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Using a Sniffer 219 2. Next you nee
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Using a Sniffer 221 output from a s
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Using a Sniffer 223 3. Select the T
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Switched Network Sniffing 225 What
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Switched Network Sniffing 227 Port
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Switched Network Sniffing 229 root@
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Review Questions 231 Review Questio
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Review Questions 233 13. What is th
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Chapter 10 Social Engineering CEH E
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What Is Social Engineering? 237 If
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What Is Social Engineering? 239 eng
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What Is Social Networking? 241 Many
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What Is Social Networking? 243 Mist
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What Is Social Networking? 245 Ambe
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Commonly Employed Threats 247 Dumps
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Commonly Employed Threats 249 ■
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Identity Theft 251 Although some si
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Exam Essentials 253 Know about tech
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Review Questions 255 7. Phishing ca
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Review Questions 257 19. An attacke
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This chapter will give you a firm u
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262 Chapter 11 ■ Denial of Servic
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The concept of session hijacking is
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286 Chapter 12 ■ Session Hijackin
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Chapter 13 Web Servers and Web Appl
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Exploring the Client-Server Relatio
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Exam Essentials 323 Summary This ch
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Review Questions 325 7. In the fiel
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Review Questions 327 19. What may b
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This chapter covers SQL injection,
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332 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection SE
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334 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection Al
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336 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection Ru
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338 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection If
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340 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection On
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342 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection In
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344 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection
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346 Chapter 14 ■ SQL Injection 7.
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Chapter 15 Wireless Networking CEH
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What Is a Wireless Network? 351 ■
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What Is a Wireless Network? 353 nam
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What Is a Wireless Network? 355 Som
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What Is a Wireless Network? 357 ■
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What Is a Wireless Network? 359 Cra
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What Is a Wireless Network? 361 Wha
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What Is a Wireless Network? 363 Mis
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What Is a Wireless Network? 365 Als
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Summary 367 ■ ■ ■ An attacker
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Review Questions 369 Review Questio
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Review Questions 371 14. Bluejackin
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At this point in this book you have
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376 Chapter 16 ■ Evading IDSs, Fi
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Chapter 17 Physical Security CEH EX
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Introducing Physical Security 395 O
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Introducing Physical Security 397 s
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Introducing Physical Security 399 P
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Introducing Physical Security 401 S
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Introducing Physical Security 403 e
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Introducing Physical Security 405 a
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Introducing Physical Security 407 V
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Exam Essentials 409 opening 18 feet
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Review Questions 411 7. Which of th
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Review Questions 413 19. What mecha
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416 Appendix A ■ Answers to Revie
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438 Appendix B ■ About the Additi
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440 Appendix B ■ About the Additi
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442 ARP (Address Resolution Protoco
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444 Counter Mode with Cipher Block
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446 EIP (Extended Instruction Point
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448 Google Hacking Database (GHDB)
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450 IP DHCP Snooping feature - Limi
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452 mirrors, port - networks mirror
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454 passwords - ports passwords cha
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456 Remote Encrypted Callback Unix
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458 sniffers - stateful multilayer
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460 Teflon Oil Patch program - unpr
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462 webservers and web applications
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