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Early people traveled around to look for food, but they weren't exptorers. Explorers go from their home land to discover something about another place, and then they come back and te[[ peopte what they found. People have lived in most parrs of the world for thousands of years. Scientists think that early people started in Africa and traveled to Asia. By about 401000 years ago, there were people in almost every part of Africa, Asia, and Europe. By about 15,000 years ago they moved into America. ,l .,,". '/,hang Qian was an early explorer from China. IIc explored many other parts of Asia more than 2,100 years ago. Other people followed his route to trade silk from Asia with things from Europe. The route that he took is now called the Silk Road. Marco Polo was an explorer fromVenice, now in Italy. In 1271, he traveled from Europe to China.When he returned to Italy 24 years later, he told people about inventions like paper, money, pasta, and ice cream. From about 1325 a Moroccan explorer, Ibn Battuta, explored North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. He traveled 120.000 kilometers. IBCTIE OCTAN West North fast Zhang Qian Marco Polo lbn Battuta Zheng He Bartolomeu Dias Christopher Columbus Vasco da Gama Ferdinand Magetlan AbeI Tasman James Cook PTCIFIC OCITN NOBTN AMEBIET TOUTf, AMERIEA ANTANCTICA INDIAN OEEAN SOUTIIIBN OCEAN * PACIFIC . OCIAN
i -r,,,, ;.;*f*mfl ffiWpXeXf*fg Most early explorers traveled over land, but later, explorers traveled over the ocean. The first explorer to sail from China was Zheng He. In 1405, he sailed south to Indonesia and then across the Indian Ocean and down the east coast of Africa. A Portuguese explorer, Bartolomeu Dias, was the first explorer to travel west from Europe by ship. In 1488 he sailed from Portugal around the south of Africa. Ten years later another Portuguese explorer, Vasco da Gama, sailed even further and reached India. Christopher Columbus was an explorer from Genoa, now in Italy. He sailed west from Europe. He reached the'West Indies in 1492 and thought he was near India, but he was near a place that no one in Europe knew about - America! A Portuguese explorer called Ferdinand Magellan was the first explorer to travel to Asia by sailing west from Spain. In 1520 he sailed around South America and across the Pacific Ocean. In 1616, some Dutch explorers discovered the west of Australia. In 1642 another Dutch sailor called Abel Tasman discovered New Zealand. Antarctica was the last continent to be explored. A British sailor called James Cook explored a lot of places. In 1773, he was the first explorer to cross the Antarctic Circle, but he didn't see Antarctica. People think that the first explorers to land on Antarctica were led by a Norwegian explorer called Henryk Bull in 1895. Go to pages 38-39 for activities.
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Page 17 and 18: Irrr'lrcolt lttlet'nlliotutl Ait'po
Page 19: Disappearing Species Global warming
Page 32 and 33: Ie,'s Rachel Bladon Introduction 3
Page 34 and 35: ffi@eil@s There are mil[ions of dif
Page 36 and 37: Insects are sma[[ animals [ike butt
Page 38 and 39: There are many other groups of inve
Page 40 and 41: Fish are vertebrates that are cotd-
Page 42 and 43: Like fish, amphibians are cotd-bloo
Page 44 and 45: Reptiles are cold-blooded, and thei
Page 46 and 47: There are about 9,000 different spe
Page 48 and 49: A[[ mammals have fur or hair andthe
Page 50 and 51: f Life Cycles Read pages 4-7. 1 Com
Page 52 and 53: I ṯ-_- {,;$j Other Invertebnates
Page 54 and 55: ffi ' *= &ffiffiWfueb#wrxs $ Read p
Page 56 and 57: Birds ( Read pages 28-3L. 1 Write /
Page 58 and 59: A Life Cycle Poster 1 Complete the
Page 60 and 61: Series Editor: Hazel Geatches . CLI
Page 62 and 63: Ourr World Jacqueline Martin Introd
Page 64 and 65: Thousands of years ago, early peopt
Page 68 and 69: There are lots of people who explor
Page 70 and 71: A desert is an area of land where l
Page 72 and 73: Many parts of the world are hard to
Page 74 and 75: The Arctic and Antarctic were the [
Page 76 and 77: Mountains cover about 25% of Earth.
Page 78 and 79: After exploring most of the [and, p
Page 80 and 81: Exploring + Read pages 4-7. 1 Write
Page 82 and 83: C Exploring the Past Read pages !2-
Page 84 and 85: Rivers and Rainforests + Read pages
Page 86 and 87: & *%&wwm&m&mm Read pages 28-3L. & C
Page 88 and 89: Famous Places 1 These places have t
Page 90 and 91: Series Editor: Hazel Geatches . CLI
Page 92 and 93: Migrations Rachel Bladon Introducti
Page 94 and 95: Migration is when animals move from
Page 96 and 97: There are many different species of
Page 98 and 99: Many species of insect, like dragon
Page 100 and 101: When animals migrate by land, they
Page 102 and 103: llooI"ad .. ~aMd. About 200,000 zeb
Page 104 and 105: Many fish migrate around the ocean,
Page 106 and 107: Ii 0 i!rlil'(tJ I ... t:a[lreed] Ma
Page 108 and 109: a.a,OOrlill. .~,rd .. Animals that
Page 110 and 111: On the Move Read pages 4- 7. Comple
Page 112 and 113: Insect and Bat Migrations .. Read p
Page 114 and 115: Migrations in Africa Read pages 20-
Page 116 and 117:
Going Home to Breed .. Read pages 2
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A Migrants Poster Complete the char
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Series Editor: Hazel Geatches • C
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ffhuIrn Around the World Jacqueline
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I ••• l.tIlIe'ad About 50,000
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Some people today Live in homes mad
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DWleNat aJ~1UtaI The climate is dif
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Most homes stay in one place, but s
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, .••••••• ~ ... ~< :
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Most homes around the world have fo
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I .... r ..,... Some people in the
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PlJ6gNI ••• About 100 years a
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Homes in the Past + Read pages 4-7.
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Different Climates + Read pages 12-
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famous Homes 3 Write'/ or )(. Then
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Homes for Everyone + Read pages 28-
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A Homes Survey 1 Draw a pLan of you
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fro P~odu~ts ALex Raynham Introduct
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A very long time ago, people didn't
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The ground is made of rocks. In roc
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Tiny pieces of materials are called
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Farmers grow plants and raise farm
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Sneakers, plastic toys, plastic sho
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People are making new materials aLL
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It can be very difficult to find ma
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PHILlPS We are inventing new materi
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The first Materials .. Read pages 4
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Glass and Concrete Read pages 12- 1
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Incredible Oil ... Read pages 20-23
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finding Minerals + Read pages 28-31
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Products in My Home 1 Choose ten ma
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In Arrt Richard Northcott Contents
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Cities are interesting places. Ther
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A painting of the inside of a build
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Paintings of the countryside are ca
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Paintings of flowers are called sti
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Machines can be beautifuL. Planes a
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There are different types of Light
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People in paintings don't move, but
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Are there any sculptures or murals
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Cities Read pages 4-7. 1 Write the
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Outdoors .. Read pages 12-15. 1 Mat
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Machines -+ Read pages 20-23. Compl
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Movement Read pages 28-31. Match. T
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~ A famous Artist My Favorite II I
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Then and Now James Styring lntroduc
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flhen andNow Until about 7,00O year
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ffi@@tumd We use boats and ships to
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Transportation became much faster a
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In busy cities, bicycles and motorc
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ff,6 rr'*$ Cars are the most popula
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,gl' Peopte have dreamed about ftyi
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\' 1.. t i tl I j , 't \o,t{:.{ i,,
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[nffieffiq@ffie The world needs to
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Then and Now :ij Read pages 4-7. Wr
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d Trains, Buses, andTruck* * Read p
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Read pages 20-23. Write the words.
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Around the World 3 Read pages 28-31
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@ A Transportation Poster 1 Find or
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Series Editor: Hazel Geatches . CLI
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oct] Weather Jacqueline Martin ; Co
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Around Earth, there is a blanket of
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Weather can be very different aroun
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CLouds Look light, but even a small
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leNCo •• tIIelaln People, anima
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About 11,000 years ago, more than 3
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let Wexailixer Weather is hottest i
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As Earth moves, air moves with it.
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Earth is getting warmer. The climat
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What Is Weather? .. Read pages 4-7.
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~ All About Clouds .. Read pages 12
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, , Cold Weather .. Read pages 20-2
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Windy Weather .. Read pages 28-31.
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A Weather Report 1 Record the weath
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