Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield - Federation of American ...

FM 34-130
If the data base reveals any decision criteria that cause the threat to prefer one option over
another, include that in the description. This information will aid in wargaming threat and
friendly COAs, targeting, and deception planning.
Techniques:
Start with the scheme of maneuver, then examine how each BOS “fits in” or provides
support.
Time-event charts can describe how the threat normally conducts an operation. For
example, while it is difficult to depict a large scale air operation graphically, the time
relationship between the various echelons and their normal composition can easily be
described in a time-event chart, narrative, or matrix format.
Marginal notations on the graphic template are an effective technique, especially when
the notes are tagged to key events or positions on the template. For example, marginal
notes might describe the insurgent’s normal reactions to friendly reinforcements during
their conduct of an ambush (see Figure 2-11).
A BOS synchronization matrix depicts the threat’s TTP in matrix form. See Chapter 3
for some examples.
Identification of Type HVTs:
Assets that the threat commander requires for the successful completion of the mission
depicted and described on the template are HVTs.
Identify HVTs from an evaluation of the data base, the doctrinal template, its supporting
narrative, and the use of tactical judgment. HVTs usually (but not always) fall within the
non-maneuver BOS. Develop the initial list of HVTs by mentally wargaming and thinking
through the operation under consideration and how the threat will use the assets of each BOS
to support it. Identify any that are critical to the operation’s success.
For example, while mentally wargaming an enemy air attack against friendly targets
supported by a well prepared air defense system, it is logical to assume that the enemy will
need a substantial air defense suppression package as part of the strike force. In such a case,
threat aircraft commonly used in such a role become HVTs.
Identity assets which are key to executing the primary operation. Also identify any assets
which are key to satisfying decision criteria or initial adoption of the branches and sequels
listed in the description and option statements.
Determine how the threat might react to the loss of each identified HVT. Consider his
ability to substitute other assets as well as the likelihood of adopting branches to the
operation.
After identifying the set of HVTs, rank order them with regard to their relative worth to the
threat’s operation and record them as part of the threat model. An HVT’s value usually
varies over the course of an operation. Identify any changes in value by phase of the
operation and make the necessary annotations.
As you identify key assets, group them into one of the 13 categories used to develop target
sets. These 13 categories are—
Command, control, and communications (C 3
).
Fire support (includes target acquisition assets, ammunition, aircraft, fire direction
control, and others).
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