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West Newsmagazine 11-14-18

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FACEBOOK.COM/WESTNEWSMAGAZINE<br />

WESTNEWSMAGAZINE.COM<br />

November <strong>14</strong>, 20<strong>18</strong><br />

WEST NEWSMAGAZINE<br />

I HEALTH I 17<br />

New research shows that testing<br />

young dogs’ cognitive abilities may<br />

help to more quickly identify the<br />

best potential service animals.<br />

health<br />

capsules<br />

By LISA RUSSELL<br />

Sniffing out the best<br />

assistance dogs<br />

The demand for service dogs is increasing<br />

rapidly in the U.S. Due to the many<br />

challenges involved with identifying and<br />

training these specialized dogs, however,<br />

that demand greatly exceeds the current<br />

supply.<br />

Only about 50 percent of dogs that start<br />

a training program to become assistance<br />

animals will successfully complete it. As<br />

a result, the wait time to receive a trained<br />

assistance dog can be up to two years.<br />

While a dog’s physical characteristics<br />

and temperament have traditionally been<br />

the top priorities when evaluating potential<br />

assistance dogs, University of Arizona<br />

researchers recently looked at whether<br />

cognitive ability also is a good predictor<br />

of a dog’s success as a service animal<br />

– before the long and expensive training<br />

process begins.<br />

“People have really focused on temperament<br />

and how reactive a dog is to certain<br />

things in the environment,” said Evan<br />

MacLean, assistant professor in the UA<br />

School of Anthropology. “What we were<br />

interested in was the fact that these dogs<br />

also face cognitive challenges. They have<br />

to learn all these things in the course of<br />

their training, and they have to be able to<br />

flexibly solve problems when things go<br />

wrong.”<br />

The study focused on both assistance<br />

dogs in training for people with disabilities,<br />

and explosive detection dogs being trained<br />

to work for the U.S. Navy. MacLean and<br />

his colleagues looked at the performance<br />

of both types of dogs on 25 different cognitive<br />

measures by using a battery of gamebased<br />

tests, like hiding and finding objects<br />

and other forms of canine play. Dogs in the<br />

study were considered “successful” based<br />

on whether or not they ultimately graduated<br />

from the training.<br />

Through cognitive testing, MacLean and<br />

his colleagues were able to predict the top<br />

25 percent of graduates with 86 percent<br />

accuracy. They also found that different<br />

sets of skills predict whether a dog will be<br />

a good detection dog or a good assistance<br />

dog. In assistance dogs, social skills such<br />

as the ability to pay close attention to and<br />

maintain eye contact with humans were<br />

especially important. In detection dogs,<br />

good short-term memory and sensitivity to<br />

human body language were the best predictors<br />

of success.<br />

The study’s findings suggest that cognition<br />

is an important factor, alongside temperament<br />

and physical traits, in predicting<br />

working dog success. If organizations that<br />

train dogs could better predict which dogs<br />

are most worth the investment, it would not<br />

only help ensure that people in need get the<br />

right dogs faster, but tens of thousands of<br />

dollars in unnecessary training costs could<br />

be saved, MacLean said.<br />

On the calendar<br />

St. Luke’s Hospital offers cholesterol<br />

and glucose wellness screenings on<br />

Friday, Nov. 16 from 7-10:30 a.m. at St.<br />

Luke’s Resource Center, 101 St. Luke’s<br />

Center Drive in Chesterfield. Screenings<br />

include cholesterol and glucose numbers<br />

along with a one-on-one consultation<br />

with a registered nurse/health coach,<br />

which includes blood pressure and body<br />

composition measurement. A 10- to<br />

12-hour fast and advance appointments<br />

are required. The fee for these screenings<br />

is $20, with an optional A1C finger stick<br />

test [for those at risk for Type 2 diabetes]<br />

available for an additional $12. Appointments<br />

are limited and fill quickly. To register,<br />

visit stlukes-stl.com.<br />

• • •<br />

BJC St. Louis Children’s Hospital sponsors<br />

a Staying Home Alone course on<br />

Wednesday, Nov. 28 from 6:30-8 p.m. at<br />

the Wildwood Municipal Building, 16860<br />

Main St. in Wildwood, in the City Council<br />

chambers. This class is designed for parents<br />

and children together, and will help<br />

determine a child’s readiness physically,<br />

mentally, socially and emotionally to<br />

stay home alone. The class fee is $25 per<br />

family [provide the names of all family<br />

members attending]. To register, call<br />

(3<strong>14</strong>) 454-5437.<br />

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