Literature Review on Childhood Obesity Sample
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<strong>Childhood</strong>obesity-anew multidisciplinary<br />
problem lookingforpreventi<strong>on</strong>programs<br />
Pubertyisaperiodduringwhichvariousriskfactorsaregroupedtofavortheenre<br />
rangeoffeedingdisorder,rangingfrom obesitytootherextremiessuchasanorexiaand<br />
bulimia.Itiswelknownthatchildrenareobesetothoselookingforl<strong>on</strong>gertelevisi<strong>on</strong>or<br />
playingcomputergamesthanthosewhod<strong>on</strong>othavethathabit.Byspendinghoursin<br />
fr<strong>on</strong>toftheTV,childrenusualytakealargeamountof"snacks"and"fast"food,andat<br />
thesamemedoesnotc<strong>on</strong>sumeenergyduetophysicalinacvity,whichc<strong>on</strong>tributesto<br />
theappearanceofobesityatalages .<br />
Primaryobesitypreven<strong>on</strong>isfocused<strong>on</strong>theindividual,butalso<strong>on</strong>theenrepopula<strong>on</strong>withanappropriatebodymassforprom<strong>on</strong>g,educangandadopnghealthy<br />
eanghabitsandthegeneralwayoflife.(ITM of18.5to24.9kg/m2foradults,or<br />
equivalentbyageandsexforchildrenorbetween5.and85percentbodyweightofITM<br />
forageandgender).Atthepopula<strong>on</strong>levelaspartofprimaryobesitypreven<strong>on</strong>,popula<strong>on</strong>educa<strong>on</strong><strong>on</strong>theeffectofexcessivebodymass,i.e.obesity<strong>on</strong>theoccurenceof<br />
earlycardiovascularandmetabolicdiseases,aswelas<strong>on</strong>theeffectofobesity<strong>on</strong>the<br />
reduc<strong>on</strong>ofexpectedlifeexpectancyandmortalityofthepopula<strong>on</strong>.Intheulmate<br />
sense,targetgroupsofprimaryobesitypreven<strong>on</strong>arepregnantwomen,pre-schooland<br />
schoolchildren,whoshouldbetaughtthroughl<strong>on</strong>g-lasngeduca<strong>on</strong>withinthedifferentlevelsofhealthandeduca<strong>on</strong>systemstohelptheirfamiliesandcommuniesin<br />
growinguptoadoptpropereanghabitsandageneralyhealthywayoflife.Prenatal<br />
age,earlychildhoodandparcularlyadolescentageduringwhichtheriskfactorsare<br />
grouped,butalsochangesinbehaviorsandthegeneralwayoflifeareknowntoberisky<br />
periodsofobesity.Primaryobesitypreven<strong>on</strong>actualybeginspre-c<strong>on</strong>cep<strong>on</strong>and<br />
duringtheantenatalperiod,educangpregnantwomenabouttheeffectofherbody<br />
weightgain<strong>on</strong>pregnancy<strong>on</strong>obesity.Starngfrom theunderstandingoftheprotecve<br />
effectofbreaseeding<strong>on</strong>childhoodobesity,primarypreven<strong>on</strong>shouldincludeacvi-<br />
estofurthersmulateandpromoteexisngprogramstosmulatebreaseedingand<br />
introducecomplementarydietsaccordingtoexisngexpertadvice.<br />
Primaryobesitypreven<strong>on</strong>duringpre-schoolageisfocused<strong>on</strong>:-Adopnghealthy<br />
nutri<strong>on</strong>habitsandahealthywayoflife:regularityofmeals(threemainandtwosnacks),<br />
Thisisaparcularlycomplexproblem becausethec<strong>on</strong>sequencesofviolencearetransferednot<strong>on</strong>lytootherfamilymembers,buttothenextgenera<strong>on</strong>s,whichisless<br />
comm<strong>on</strong>intheresearchfocusthanthetransferofviolencefrom worktofamilyandvice<br />
versa.<br />
Aggressi<strong>on</strong>andviolencearesocialphenomenathatarehighlycorelated,causally-c<strong>on</strong>sequentlyrelatedt<strong>on</strong>umeroussocio-pathologicalphenomena:
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