NET-Microservices-Architecture-for-Containerized-NET-Applications-(Microsoft-eBook)

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EDITION v2.1.01 DOWNLOAD available at: https://aka.ms/microservicesebook PUBLISHED BY Microsoft Developer Division, .NET and Visual Studio product teams A division of Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way Redmond, Washington 98052-6399 Copyright © 2018 by Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. This book is provided “as-is” and expresses the author’s views and opinions. The views, opinions and information expressed in this book, including URL and other Internet website references, may change without notice. Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and are fictitious. No real association or connection is intended or should be inferred. Microsoft and the trademarks listed at http://www.microsoft.com on the “Trademarks” webpage are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. Mac and macOS are trademarks of Apple Inc. The Docker whale logo is a registered trademark of Docker, Inc. Used by permission. All other marks and logos are property of their respective owners. Co-Authors: Cesar de la Torre, Sr. PM, .NET product team, Microsoft Corp. Bill Wagner, Sr. Content Developer, C+E, Microsoft Corp. Editors: Mike Pope Steve Hoag Mike Rousos, Principal Software Engineer, DevDiv CAT team, Microsoft Participants and reviewers: Jeffrey Ritcher, Partner Software Eng, Azure team, Microsoft Jimmy Bogard, Chief Architect at Headspring Udi Dahan, Founder & CEO, Particular Software Jimmy Nilsson, Co-founder and CEO of Factor10 Glenn Condron, Sr. Program Manager, ASP.NET team Mark Fussell, Principal PM Lead, Azure Service Fabric team, Microsoft Diego Vega, PM Lead, Entity Framework team, Microsoft Barry Dorrans, Sr. Security Program Manager Rowan Miller, Sr. Program Manager, Microsoft Ankit Asthana, Principal PM Manager, .NET team, Microsoft Scott Hunter, Partner Director PM, .NET team, Microsoft Steve Smith, Software Craftsman & Trainer at ASPSmith Ltd. Ian Cooper, Coding Architect at Brighter Unai Zorrilla, Architect and Dev Lead at Plain Concepts Eduard Tomas, Dev Lead at Plain Concepts Ramon Tomas, Developer at Plain Concepts David Sanz, Developer at Plain Concepts Javier Valero, Chief Operating Officer at Grupo Solutio Pierre Millet, Sr. Consultant, Microsoft Michael Friis, Product Manager, Docker Inc Charles Lowell, Software Engineer, VS CAT team, Microsoft Miguel Veloso, Sr. Consultant at Turing Challenge Dylan Reisenberger, Architect and Dev Lead at Polly ii
Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 About this guide ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Version ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 What this guide does not cover ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Who should use this guide .................................................................................................................................................. 2 How to use this guide ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Related microservice and container-based reference application: eShopOnContainers............................ 2 Send us your feedback! ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction to Containers and Docker .................................................................................................. 4 What is Docker? ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Comparing Docker containers with virtual machines ........................................................................................... 6 Docker terminology ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Docker containers, images, and registries ..................................................................................................................... 9 Choosing Between .NET Core and .NET Framework for Docker Containers ................................... 10 General guidance .................................................................................................................................................................. 10 When to choose .NET Core for Docker containers .................................................................................................. 11 Developing and deploying cross platform ............................................................................................................ 11 Using containers for new (“green-field”) projects ............................................................................................... 12 Creating and deploying microservices on containers ....................................................................................... 12 Deploying high density in scalable systems .......................................................................................................... 12 When to choose .NET Framework for Docker containers ..................................................................................... 13 Migrating existing applications directly to a Windows Server container .................................................. 13 Using third-party .NET libraries or NuGet packages not available for .NET Core .................................. 13 Using.NET technologies not available for .NET Core ......................................................................................... 13 Using a platform or API that does not support .NET Core .............................................................................. 14 Decision table: .NET frameworks to use for Docker ................................................................................................ 15 What OS to target with .NET containers ..................................................................................................................... 16 Official .NET Docker images ............................................................................................................................................. 17 .NET Core and Docker image optimizations for development versus production ................................ 17 Architecting Container- and Microservice-Based Applications ........................................................ 19 Vision ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 iii
Page 1: i
Page 5 and 6: Designing a microservice-oriented a
Page 7 and 8: Table mapping .....................
Page 9 and 10: S E C T I O N 1 Introduction Enterp
Page 11 and 12: Send us your feedback! We wrote thi
Page 13 and 14: In short, containers offer the bene
Page 15 and 16: The main goal of an image is that i
Page 17 and 18: Docker containers, images, and regi
Page 19 and 20: • You need to use third-party .NE
Page 21 and 22: When to choose .NET Framework for D
Page 23 and 24: Decision table: .NET frameworks to
Page 25 and 26: microsoft/dotnet:2.1-aspnetcorerunt
Page 27 and 28: S E C T I O N 4 Architecting Contai
Page 29 and 30: For example, in a typical e-commerc
Page 31 and 32: Figure 4-4. Publishing a single-con
Page 33 and 34: As shown in Figure 4-5, regular Doc
Page 35 and 36: Microservices architecture As the n
Page 37 and 38: Data sovereignty per microservice A
Page 39 and 40: It is important to highlight that d
Page 41 and 42: Challenge #2: How to create queries
Page 43 and 44: The Catalog microservice should not
Page 45 and 46: Identify domain-model boundaries fo
Page 47 and 48: Figure 4-11. Decomposing traditiona
Page 49 and 50: example, when handling dozens of mi
Page 51 and 52: Figure 4-13. Using an API Gateway i
Page 53 and 54:
microservices. With this approach,
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deployment environment where you ar
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• Asynchronous protocol. Other pr
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If your microservice needs to raise
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Figure 4-17. One-to-one real-time a
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Figure 4-18. A single microservice
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A note about messaging technologies
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Microservices addressability and th
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Figure 4-21. Example of a composite
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microservice to recover. Health eve
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Orchestrating microservices and mul
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DC/OS works by abstracting a collec
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might choose to use the Docker comm
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called a Gateway service if you imp
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Figure 4-30. Stateless versus state
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.NET languages and frameworks for D
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Set up your local environment with
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use is microsoft/aspnetcore:2.0. Th
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Step 3. Create your custom Docker i
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Note that this docker-compose.yml f
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Figure 5-10. VM with Docker contain
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Note that this URL in the browser u
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Using PowerShell commands in a Dock
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The application will consist of the
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Communication architecture. The eSh
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client and the APIs exposed by each
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The new world: multiple architectur
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Figure 6-5. Simple data-driven/CRUD
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The data model With EF Core, data a
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itemsOnPage = ChangeUriPlaceholder(
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- ConnectionString=Server=sql.data;
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• tool can be used from the CLI a
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} options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Swas
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Defining your multi-container appli
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The root key in this file is servic
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Development environments When you d
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eShopOnContainers has the following
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#docker-compose.override.yml (Exten
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In this example, the development ov
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Building the application from a bui
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Creating the Docker images from the
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When you start this SQL Server cont
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EF Core InMemory database versus SQ
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Implementing event-based communicat
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multiple microservices; doing that
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void SubscribeDynamic(string eventN
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Implementing the subscription code
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[Route("update")] [HttpPost] public
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your domain entities. That table wo
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Update Product from the Catalog mic
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private async Task UpdatePriceInBas
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Deduplicating integration event mes
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Testing ASP.NET Core services and w
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public class PrimeWebDefaultRequest
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Therefore, you can choose and eithe
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Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. Lice
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By default, the cancellation token
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Going much further in the design, s
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In regards the microservice URL, wh
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Implementing your API Gateways with
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} "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "POST", "
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created from that same Docker image
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Because of testing or debugging rea
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Figure 6-38. Position of the Identi
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… Then, you also need to set auth
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The deployment of eShopOnContainers
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However, most of the techniques for
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Figure 7-2. Simplified CQRS- and DD
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• Udi Dahan. Clarified CQRS http:
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You will also need to add a using s
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Describing Response Types of Web AP
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Designing a DDD-oriented microservi
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Figure 7-6. Layers implemented as l
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Figure 7-7. Dependencies between la
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Figure 7-8. Example of a domain ent
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• Eric Evans. Domain-Driven Desig
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Additional resources • Vaughn Ver
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layer library, so the domain model
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In addition, the class is decorated
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Mapping properties with only get ac
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} } protected set { _Id = value; }
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Repository contracts (interfaces) i
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constructed, you must provide the r
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How to persist value objects in the
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} In the previous code, the orderCo
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• Complex types and/or value obje
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public override bool Equals(object
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A better example would demonstrate
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Just as the view model and the doma
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external applications. Hence, they
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Figure 7-15. Handling multiple acti
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However, when the domain events cla
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Any rule that spans Aggregates will
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You can build all the plumbing and
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Domain events can generate integrat
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We must emphasize again that only o
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These multiple persistence operatio
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Implementing the infrastructure per
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At OrderingContext.cs from eShopOnC
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Methods to implement in a repositor
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureSe
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At OrderingContext.cs from eShopOnC
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Implementing the Specification patt
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Additional resources • Table Mapp
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{ } "id": "2017001", "orderDate": "
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Implementing .NET code targeting Mo
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Analyze your approach for productio
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Retrieve the database and the colle
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Designing the microservice applicat
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Sample command handler public class
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Using Autofac as an IoC container Y
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The command class A command is a re
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} CardNumber = cardNumber; CardHold
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public class CreateOrderCommandHand
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mediator pipeline (see Mediator pat
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Implementing the command process pi
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command won’t be processed again,
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Registering the types used by Media
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The eShopOnContainers ordering micr
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• Put your controllers on a diet:
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eventually the application’s runt
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Use retries with exponential backof
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transaction when using an EF execut
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public ExponentialBackoff(int maxRe
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• Use HttpClientFactory Directly
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{ } _httpClient = httpClient; publi
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With Polly, you can define a Retry
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Testing the circuit breaker in eSho
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Adding a jitter strategy to the ret
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does not have any dependency on Azu
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namespace Microsoft.eShopOnContaine
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Health checks when using orchestrat
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Figure 9-2. Authentication by ident
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Sign in the user with this external
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Configure the OWIN pipeline to use
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Additional resources • Sharing co
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In this example, only users in the
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Storing application secrets safely
Page 329 and 330:
Configure Key Vault client var kvCl
Page 331:
CLI versus IDE. With Microsoft tool
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