light! 004 | The car of the future

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MANUFACTURING LASER 2000 develop a laser with a wavelength for which said absorptivity was sufficient to guarantee quality welding, with a process speed suitable for high manufacturing volumes. And that wavelength is in the range of 450nm - blue light. Copper absorbs less than 5% of the radiation emitted by an infrared laser. This low absorption is not only a problem in terms of energy efficiency, but the excess energy required to start laser welding makes part of the metal evaporate from the weld pool (which absorbs more energy than the base metal), generating bubbles that give rise to splashes and pores in the weld. The blue wavelength has absorption levels more than ten times higher than infrared and, no less important, the energy required to maintain the weld is similar to that required to start it. In practical terms, this translates into splash and pore-free welding, a stable process that is much faster than can be achieved with infrared lasers. 70 μm thick 130 W 125 μm thick 130 W 254 μm thick 275 W 500 μm thick 500 μm thick 500 W 1000 μm thick 600 W Examples of blue laser welding with different thicknesses of copper. The advantages of the blue wavelength had been known for decades, but nobody had managed to develop a high-power industrial laser at this wavelength. In 2017, NUBURU® launched its first high-performance blue laser, the AO-150 (150 W), which was followed in December 2018 by the AO-500 (500 W), with new models in development. The AO® series lasers combine the output of dozens of gallium nitride (GaN) laser diodes in a single beam and couple that beam to an optical fibre, 200 μm in the case of the AO-150, and 400 μm for the AO-500, with a highly symmetrical and high-brightness beam. This high energy density makes the lasers developed by NUBURU® the most efficient. The stability of these lasers and their large process windows enable pore and splash-free welding in the three available operating modes: conduction, transition and keyhole. Among the multiple applications of the blue laser in the automotive industry, it is worth highlighting a particularly critical one: the welding of the layers of thin sheets of copper used in the electrodes of Ion-Lithium batteries. The greater the number of sheets, the greater the capacity for energy storage. The use of blue laser in these welds allows a greater concentration of sheets, welded without pores or splashes and with very short welding times, and subsequent economic savings. Blue lasers weld copper joints with flexibility, speed, and unrivalled quality, which makes them a very attractive option to improve productivity in vehicle component manufacturing. The tendency towards the greater concentration of electrical and electronic elements in increasingly reduced spaces requires a perfect weld seal quality, without pores that degrade the conductivity of the joint, impurities, or projections that can cause short circuits. The advantages of blue laser over other technologies such as infrared laser or ultrasonic welding are evident, and rapid implementation of this technology is expected in the next few years in the manufacture of automotive components. Víctor Blanco Business Unit Director www.laser2000.es Jean-Michel Pelaprat NUBURU www.nuburu.net 52 light! by secpho
High-Performance Blue Lasers (450 nm) AO-150 | 150W - fibre 200 μm AO-500 | 500W - fibre 400 μm Distributor in Europe: • Laser equipment • Laser safety • Optics & Optomechanics • Lasers and light sources for science, industry and R&D • Instrumentation • Artificial vision • Cameras • Fibre Optics and Networks www.laser2000.com
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light! 004 | The car of the future

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