Getting started with IoT

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Finding IoT expertise If you have an idea for a product or service that could bring value to your business and your customers, there are a number of organisations who could support your plans. If you contact CENSIS in the first instance, we can signpost you to a suitable organisation for your needs, or we may be able to provide advice, technical support and the resources you need to create a full solution. At CENSIS we see most IoT projects starting off as small-scale pilots to test the functionality with off-the-shelf components or modular electronics. This allows users to explore what information is useful to gather and if the system will be suitable for their requirements. A smaller pilot also allows all the stakeholders to test, play, and understand the potential impact of a larger scale rollout. censis.org.uk Your first prototype Joining the IoT community in Scotland There are many organisations setting out on their IoT journey and finding value in sharing thoughts and challenges. With our experience across a huge range of market sectors and our knowledge of enabling technologies, CENSIS has strong relationships with Scottish companies, public sector organisations, university research groups and hardware and software suppliers. As part of our CENSIS community, you can join in with our regular IoT meetups to discuss ideas with like-minded people, take part in one of our hands-on technical workshops or come along to one of our Future Tech events to solve market sector problems in an open forum. The highlight of our year is the annual CENSIS Technology Summit and Conference, where we hear from challenge providers, meet exhibitors who are showcasing new technologies, and network and connect with the sensors, imaging and IoT community. There are many ‘out of the box’, turnkey solutions that you can buy off the shelf to let you create a first prototype and test your IoT solution. CENSIS has created a flexible IoT development kit that can help you get up and running with IoT quickly and without the need for deep technical knowledge. This has a range of popular sensors, communication and power options and is flexible to allow the user to measure and send data easily. It allows users to explore IoT concepts without having to code or configure networks themselves. Join our community at censis.org.uk 21
Glossary TERM MEANING Actuator Application/App Cloud / Cloud computing / Cloud storage Communications network Cyber security Dashboard Data analytics Data / Big data Data repository Development platform/Storage Edge computing Edge node / End node Embedded software End device, node, mote Firmware Fog computing Gateway IoT IIoT / Industry 4.0 / Digital manufacturing M2M Microcontroller Network server Peak power Processor/Microprocessor RFID Sensor Visualisation Wireless technologies A component of a machine responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. A piece of software running on a server or on a device such as a tablet. A network of remote servers hosted online that can store, manage and process data and that can host applications. Enables devices connected to the network to communicate with each other. For example, to transfer information from sensors to the cloud. Protecting hardware, software and data from unauthorised access or attack. Also known as a User Interface or UI, this allows a person to interact with the computer system, e.g., a computer screen, tablet, mobile phone. Analysis of captured data to detect trends or anomalies. Once patterns have been detected, this can allow better decisions to be made. Large amounts of data that are gathered through many IoT devices. By applying analytical techniques to this data, it is possible to determine trends and make decisions. Individual IoT sensor nodes usually have limited storage space, so the data they collect is moved to remote database storage where it can be processed from a centralised location. Standard commercial electronic boards that allow engineers to build prototypes of systems before they go on to design custom hardware. Development platforms often include various sensors integrated directly on to the board. Similar to fog computing, edge computing refers to computing services located at the logical edge of a network. The sensor which resides at the edge of an IoT system is often referred to as an edge node or end node. The software that runs on the hardware microcontrollers performing the low-level functions, for example reading from sensors and relaying data back to the gateway or server. See also Firmware. An object with an embedded low-power communication chipset. Think of firmware simply as ‘software for hardware’. It is embedded in a microcontroller memory at the time of manufacture and is responsible for controlling all aspects of the hardware. It is often permanent for the lifetime of the project, but can be updated if necessary (for example, through over-the-air-programming). It is also known as ‘Embedded software’. Computing power that is physically closer to, or even housed in the IoT device (i.e., it moves some processing from the cloud to a lower level). Processing is generally conducted at the gateway level before the processed data is passed to the cloud. Often, this can greatly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred. A device which connects end devices to the internet. It provides a connection point from one network (or protocol) to another. For example, some gateways receive LoRaWAN transmissions from sensors and forward these over the Internet to be processed in the cloud. Internet of Things. A system of devices using a network to connect and communicate with each other. Industrial Internet of Things. Manufacturers use sensor networks and real-time analytics to monitor and automate complex processes in an industrial environment. Machine to machine: connected devices exchanging information with other connected devices, without human intervention. An active device containing a processing core, program, user memory and other peripherals for communicating with, and gathering data from, connected devices such as sensors, actuators, external memory, displays and other microcontrollers. Microcontrollers often come in very small packages, consume very low amounts of power and are commonly used in battery operated applications. Some microcontrollers contain radio modules for communicating wirelessly with smart devices via Wi-Fi and Bluetooth etc. Servers that route messages from end devices to the correct application, and back. The power used by devices will vary over time, e.g., IoT devices will typically use more power when they turn on their radio links. The peak power is the maximum power sustained over a short time and will often limit the minimum battery size. The brain of the IoT device – can read and forward sensor data or can perform processing tasks. Radio-frequency identification uses short-range radio frequency signals to transfer data wirelessly. RFID tags or smart labels can be fixed to items, allowing users to track and identify them. A device which detects or measures a physical property. Presenting the data gathered in a meaningful way. Any form of communications between devices that doesn’t require a wired connection. Some wireless technologies existed pre-IoT, some have been designed specifically for it. See page 16-18 for available technologies. 22
Page 1 and 2: Getting started with IoT Exploring
Page 3 and 4: Integrating IoT IoT is here and it
Page 5 and 6: The road to IoT From M2M to IoT Whi
Page 7 and 8: IoT in action Since 2016, multiple
Page 9 and 10: People flow Challenge: Counting and
Page 11 and 12: Industrial IoT (IIoT) You will also
Page 13 and 14: Emerging business models Data optim
Page 15 and 16: 1 Sensors As the ‘data gatherers
Page 17 and 18: Edge computing Edge computing moves
Page 19 and 20: Protocols LoRaWAN: LoRaWAN is desig
Page 21: Implementing IoT The most successfu

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