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Last Profitable Year 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 25% 25% 25% 50% 50% 50% 75% 75% 75% No 3 5 10 3 5 10 3 5 10 Pract. Percentage of control/year practice established Figure 2. Calculated lifespan of profitable vineyard based on the efficacy of the implemented practice and the year when they are implemented. Continued from Page 14 protective fungicide, a closer identification of the disease is recommended as any particular fungicide cannot control all possible pathogens. A recent report done by Baumgartner and Brown⁴ on their research in 2017, demonstrates that Pristine, Topsin + Rally (in mixture), and Luna had better preventive control of Botryosphaeria and Phomopsis dieback. Eutypa was controlled more effectively with Pristine. The highest control of Esca was obtained with Serifel, but it only reached 64 percent. Results in 2018 in the same study presented different results and were mainly associated with a different weather condition. Different studies, including the one recently done by Dr. Baumgartner and collaborators⁵, demonstrates that preventive practices works better if they are established during the first years of the crop (Figure 2). Dr. Baumgartner estimated that when more effective practices are adopted early in the crop life, it is expected to prolong the vineyard rentability by at least 25 years. Further information on trunk diseases can be found at: 1) http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/selectnewpest.grapes.html 2) Bettiga LJ, ed. Grape Pest Management, Third Edition. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources; 2013. https://books.google. com/books?id=4A9ZAgAAQBAJ. 3) Wilcox WF, Gubler WD, Uyemoto JK, eds. Compendium of Grape Diseases, Disorders, and Pests. Second. St Paul, Minnesota, USA.: The American Phytopathological Society; 2017. 4) Disease P, Gramaje D. Grapevine Trunk Diseases: Symptoms and Fungi Involved. 2018;102(1):12-39. https:// apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/ PDIS-04-17-0512-FE Cited literature: 1. Gramaje D, Úrbez-Torres JR, Sosnowski MR. Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases With Respect to Etiology and Epidemiology: Current Strategies and Future Prospects. Plant Dis. 2018;102(1):12-39. doi:10.1094/PDIS- 04-17-0512-FE 2. Siebert JB. Economic Impact of Eutypa on the California Wine Grape Industry. Davis; 2000. 3. Gubler WD, Rolshausen P e., Trouillase FP, et al. Grapevine trunk Diseases in Califronia. Pract Winer Vineyard. January 2005:1-9. 4. Baumgartner K, Brown AA. Protectants for Trunk-disease management in California table grapes. In: California Table Grape Seminar. Visalia: California Table Grape Commission; 2019:19-21. 5. Baumgartner K, Hillis V, Lubell M, Norton M, Kaplan J. Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases in California ’ s Southern San Joaquin Valley. 2019;3:267-276. doi:10.5344/ ajev.2019.18075 Comments about this article? We want to hear from you. Feel free to email us at article@jcsmarketinginc.com 16 Progressive Crop Consultant September /October 2019
HELM’s reputation for quality reflects 118-years of tradition and heritage, built and strengthened through trust. With a passion for people, products and service, we deliver best in class crop protection, reliable supplier support and strong relationships that will stand the test of time. Earning Your Trust is Our Vision for Success. QUALITY • PERFORMANCE • RELIABILITY • VALUE • INDEPENDENCE September /October 2019 Always read and follow label directions. HELM® is a trademark of HELM AG. ©2019 HELM Agro US, Inc. www.progressivecrop.com 17
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