ჩვენი საქართველო, მე-5 კლასი, მოსწავლის წიგნი, 1-ლი ნაწილი

6
welTaRricxva
saidan viwyebT wlebis aTvlas?
istorikosebi raime movlenaze saubrisas meti sizustisaTvis
asaxeleben ara periodebs, aramed uTiTeben wlebs. magali-
Tad, saqarTvelom damoukidebloba aRidgina 1991 wels. magram
1991 weli rodidan? saidan viwyebT wlebis aTvlas anu welTaRricxvas?
uZvelesi qveynebis xalxebi wlebis gadaTvlas anu welTaRricxvas
maTTvis RirsSesaniSnavi ambidan iwyebdnen.
qristianuli qveynebi SeTanxmdnen, rom welTaRricxvis sa-
Tave yofiliyo ieso qristes Sobis pirobiTad miCneuli weli.
es sistema SemoiRo italielma berma dionise mcirem daaxloebiT
aTas xuTasi wlis win. ase rom, `saqarTvelom damoukidebloba
aRidgina qristes Sobidan 1991 wels~.
istoria qristes SobiT ar dawyebula. bevri ambavi moxda
qristes Sobamdec. amitom am ambebis Sesaxeb vambobT, rom `isini
moxda qristes Sobamde~. ase gaiyo drois xazi or nawilad:
qristes Sobamde (SemoklebiT iwereba qr.S-mde) da qristes Sobidan
(SemoklebiT iwereba qr.S-dan). welTaRricxva qristes
Sobidan marto TariRiTac aRiniSneba. am terminebis magivrad
xSirad iyeneben: Zveli welTaRricxviT (Zv.w.) da axali welTaRricxviT
(ax.w.).
drois xazze qristes Soba cifri „1“-iT aRiniSneba.
1500 1000 500 100 20 10 100 500 1000 1500 2000
qristes Sobamde 0 qristes qristes Sobidan
(Zv.w.)
Soba
(ax.w.)
wyaro 1. drois xazi
magaliTad, ambis Sesaxeb, romelic moxda qristes dabadebamde
aTi wliT adre, vambobT, rom `es iyo qristes Sobamde
10 wels~. qristes Sobamde oci weli ufro didi cifria, magram
niSnavs, rom ufro adre moxda da ufro Zveli ambavia. qristes
Sobis Semdeg, rac ufro didia cifri, miT ufro axalia ambavi.
magaliTad, qr. S-mde anu Zv. w. 400 weli ufro didi xniT adre
iyo, vidre Zv.w. 100 weli. magram CvenTan ufro axlos aris
ax.w. 2000 weli, vidre ax.w. 500 weli.
arsebobs wlebis aRricxvis sxva sistemac. magaliTad, muslimur
qveynebSi welTaRricxvas iwyeben islamis Semqmnelis
muhamedis medinaSi gadasvliT. es movlena qr.S-dan 622 wels
moxda.
22 Cveni saqarTvelo 5