GP document - Mindful Timekeeping

1524 1657 1759 1847 1910 1980s
1950s
Pocket watch
Pendulum clock MarineChronometer Railroad time
Wrist watches
Quartz Clocks
Atomic clocks
German
clockmaker
Peter Henlein makes
mechanical clocks that
are small enough to fit
into pockets. They are
driven by a steel spring
that turns the clock’s
wheels as it unwinds.
Dutch scientist
Christiaan Huygens
designs the first clock
that makes use of the
regular sweep of a
pendulum
time. It made
to keep
timekeeping accurate
to within a few seconds
a day.
After 45 years work,
English
John Harrison
clockmaker
completed the marine
chronometer
pocket watch so
H4, a
accurate that sailors
can use it to calculate
how far east or west of
London the’ve sailed
by comparing local
noon time to London
time.
Railroad stations in
Britain
their clocks and
timetables with
synchronize
Greenwich Mean Time,
a standard set by the
Royal Observatory in
London. Before this
each town had kept its
own local time based
on sun.
The first wrist
watches were items of
jewellery-
decorative
bracelets incorporating
clocks. Pocket watches
on chains remain more
common until World
War I, when military
style wrist watches
became popular
First quartz clock was
invented in 1927 by
Warren Marrison and
J.W.Horton and quartz
watch in 1969 by
Seiko. With invention
of
microelectronics
in 1960s, clocks and
watches became
compact and easy to
produce. Leading to
mass consumption by
1980s.
Scientists
clocks that are
invented
regulated by the rapid
vibration of electrons
inside atoms. An
atomic clock loses a
second in a million
years. Most accurate
time telling devices.
Fig 1.1 Timeline of historic evolution of timekeeping devices
National Institute of Design | Graduation Project | 2020
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