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April_eMagazine Volume 40

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OUR PEOPLE,<br />

OUR MISSION<br />

Global Health<br />

<strong>eMagazine</strong><br />

<strong>April</strong> 2022<br />

Watch this video!!<br />

Bani Adam by Saadi Shirazi<br />

Highlights<br />

Perspectives<br />

Behind the Scenes<br />

Announcements<br />

Spotlight<br />

Reflections<br />

Nursing Division<br />

SARS COV-2 Pandemic<br />

and Us<br />

Clinical Case Report<br />

A New Column<br />

Global Health and the Arts<br />

Articles of the Month<br />

Videos of the Month<br />

Calendar<br />

Resources<br />

2021 Report from the Desert: “Borderlands<br />

Infectious Disease Prevention Program”<br />

Written by Jonathan Melk MD FAAP<br />

CEO, Chiricahua Community Health Centers, Inc,<br />

Douglas, Arizona<br />

Since 1996, Chiricahua Community Health Centers, Inc. (CCHCI)<br />

has provided primary care to the diverse communities and<br />

special populations of Cochise County as the region’s only<br />

Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). Cochise County is<br />

an area the size of Connecticut and Rhode Island combined<br />

(including one hundred miles of the U.S./Mexico border), and<br />

both geographic isolation and prevalence of poverty makes<br />

preventive and primary health care inherently complex and<br />

challenging. All of Cochise County is designated as a Health<br />

Professional Shortage Area. CCHCI is uniquely positioned to respond to these challenges via a<br />

team of <strong>40</strong>0 highly trained employees and an extensive network of both fixed site and mobile<br />

clinics that currently cares for over 30,000 patients. As a FQHC, CCHCI provides culturally<br />

competent care and does not turn any patient away based on ability to pay or insurance status.<br />

In 2016, a case of dog tick-born Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) was missed by an astute<br />

Chiricahua pediatrician in our pediatric clinic (located just blocks from the US/Mexico border)<br />

in Douglas. RMSF is an unusual diagnosis for our region and was not on this pediatrician’s<br />

differential. RMSF can be fatal to children, particularly when there is a delay in diagnosis and<br />

treatment. Although this child survived and is now well, he required an extensive stay in a Tucson<br />

intensive care unit. Shortly after learning about this case, a CDC field officer traveled to Cochise<br />

County to provide education to CCHCI medical providers to better recognize and promptly treat<br />

this ‘rare’ and ‘unexpected’ diagnosis. However, ironically, a coincidental conversation between<br />

a CCHCI staff member and a Mexican doctor soon revealed just how little American and Mexican<br />

health colleagues communicate and how dangerous this shortcoming is for border communities.<br />

At the time of the RMSF case that was presented to our clinic, Agua Prieta (the sister city on<br />

the other side of the Douglas border wall) had dozens of cases of RMSF, with multiple pediatric<br />

deaths. This unfolding and deadly epidemic was entirely unknown to CCHCI, to the county health<br />

department and apparently to the CDC. Had CCHCI been alerted, it would have been less likely<br />

for this child to suffer from an illness that is otherwise curable with a common antibiotic when<br />

promptly treated.<br />

Following this revelation and close call, CCHCI proactively worked with the Mexican Consulate<br />

to set up tours and meetings between CCHCI and Mexican medical leadership and colleagues.<br />

We hosted them and they hosted us. A Whatsapp group resulted and continues in use to this<br />

day. With this minimal leadership effort, multiple patient collaborations have since developed<br />

to better manage individual patients who were deported to Mexico, who now live in the United<br />

States, or who utilize medical services on both sides of the border. However, despite our creative<br />

and practical approach, this effort is limited in its application and results, as exhibited by the<br />

disparities in the current Covid-19 illness and death on both sides of the border as compared to<br />

Arizona as a whole. It also doesn’t address the reality that no matter what laws are passed by<br />

either nation, ticks, mosquitos, vermin and other vectors don’t stop for Customs checkpoints or a<br />

border wall. Epidemiologically, border communities are one single community, and the reality is<br />

that Cochise County, Arizona and Sonora, Mexico are separated only by a metal barrier and two<br />

different political systems.<br />

To address this challenge, CCHCI wrote for and received a grant from the global nonprofit<br />

Direct Relief through funding from the Pfizer Foundation. The goal of the grant is to establish a<br />

“Borderlands Infectious Disease Prevention Program”. Over the two-year grant period, CCHCI<br />

is working to build a robust and sustainable infectious disease surveillance, prevention and<br />

treatment program guided by both external and internal data that will incorporate all of CCHCI<br />

delivery sites and staff. The program will incorporate collaboration with both Mexican and United<br />

States public health entities. This data-based program will establish consultation and oversight<br />

by CCHCI clinicians as well as regional infectious disease and public health experts from both<br />

sides of the border. Finally, CCHCI will seek to document, publish, and present our approach and<br />

outcomes for other border communities (on the US/Mexico border or elsewhere) to learn from<br />

and to replicate.<br />

10

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