a guide to the recognition and understanding of ramularia and other ...
a guide to the recognition and understanding of ramularia and other ...
a guide to the recognition and understanding of ramularia and other ...
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Activity <strong>of</strong> fungicides against physiological leaf spots<br />
Strobilurins<br />
FOLIAR FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS 49<br />
Some strobilurins can reduce <strong>the</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> physiological leaf spots.<br />
Research has shown that pyraclostrobin improves <strong>the</strong> ability <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
crop <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong>lerate stress. This activity is due <strong>to</strong> its direct effect on<br />
levels <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> enzyme superoxide dismutase which breaks down<br />
damaging compounds in <strong>the</strong> leaf produced in response <strong>to</strong> stress,<br />
including high light intensity. Increased levels <strong>of</strong> superoxide<br />
dismutase activity have been measured following treatment with<br />
pyraclostrobin, which <strong>the</strong>n gives <strong>the</strong> plant a level <strong>of</strong> protection<br />
against stress within <strong>the</strong> plant.<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r fungicides can produce similar effects, but it is unknown if this<br />
is due <strong>to</strong> a direct effect from <strong>the</strong> fungicide or in response <strong>to</strong> antioxidant<br />
components in <strong>the</strong> formulated products.<br />
Ramularia Physiological<br />
leaf spot leaf spot<br />
azoxystrobin<br />
picoxystrobin<br />
-<br />
-<br />
**<br />
-<br />
pyraclostrobin<br />
trifloxystrobin<br />
Triazoles<br />
-<br />
-<br />
***<br />
-<br />
epoxiconazole ** **<br />
prothioconazole<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r straight ais<br />
*** ****<br />
chlorothalonil *** ****<br />
cyprodinil<br />
Mixtures<br />
* **<br />
azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil *** ****<br />
epoxiconazole + boscalid *** ****<br />
isopyrazam + cyprodinil *** ****<br />
prothioconazole + fluoxastrobin *** ****<br />
****<br />
***<br />
**<br />
*<br />
Excellent protection<br />
Good protection<br />
Moderate protection<br />
Low protection<br />
- No protection
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