- Page 1 and 2: Virtual Machines: Architectures, Im
- Page 3 and 4: Introduction Why are virtual machin
- Page 5 and 6: Virtualization � Similar to abstr
- Page 7 and 8: The “Machine Machine” � Diffe
- Page 9 and 10: Virtual Machines add Virtualizing S
- Page 11: Taking a Unified View “The subjec
- Page 15 and 16: HLL VMs � Java and CLI are recent
- Page 17 and 18: Composition OS 1 apps 2 ISA 2 OS 1
- Page 19 and 20: Summary (Taxonomy) VM type (Process
- Page 21 and 22: Emulation: Interpretation and Binar
- Page 23 and 24: Definitions NOTE -- there are no st
- Page 25 and 26: Definitions � Source ISA or binar
- Page 27 and 28: Interpreter State � Hold complete
- Page 29 and 30: Instruction Functions: Load LdWordA
- Page 31 and 32: Binary Translation � Generate “
- Page 33 and 34: Binary Translation Example x86 Sour
- Page 35 and 36: The Code Discovery Problem � In o
- Page 37 and 38: Dynamic Translation SPC to TPC Look
- Page 39 and 40: Tracking the Source PC � Can alwa
- Page 41 and 42: Example PowerPC Translation 9AC0: l
- Page 43 and 44: Software Jump Prediction � Form o
- Page 45 and 46: Emulation Summary � Decode/Dispat
- Page 47 and 48: Process Virtual Machines
- Page 49 and 50: Process VM Architecture Initializat
- Page 51 and 52: State Mapping � For best performa
- Page 53 and 54: Direct (Hardware) Mapping � VM so
- Page 55 and 56: Host OS Support � A system call w
- Page 57 and 58: Self-referencing code � Original
- Page 59 and 60: Exceptions: Traps � Can be detect
- Page 61 and 62: PC Side Table code cache . . . bloc
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Recovering Memory State � Simple
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OS Call Emulation � Same source a
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Staged Emulation � Adjust optimiz
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Code Cache Management � Code Cach
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Pre-emptive Flush � Flush when pr
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System Environment � High level o
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Loaders � Requires two loaders
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Example: FX!32 � x86/Windows ABIs
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Dynamic Binary Optimization
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Profiling � Collect statistics ab
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Collecting Profiles � Instrumenta
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Improving Locality: Traces � Prop
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Superblock Formation � Start Poin
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Case Study: Intel IA-32 EL � Soft
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IA-32 Optimizations � Floating po
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IA-32 EL Performance � Where the
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Code Patching Example Source Binary
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Superblock Selection � Does not u
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Performance � Compare with +o2
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Performance Conclusions � Mostly
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HLL VMs � Goal: complete platform
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Modern HLL VMs � Superficially si
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Modern HLL VMs � Compiler forms p
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Security � A key aspect of modern
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Garbage Collected Heap � Objects
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Java “ISA ISA” � Includes •
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Data Accessing Instruction stream o
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Instruction Types � Pushing const
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Bytecode Example public int perimet
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Exception Table � Exceptions iden
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Java Virtual Machine � An abstrac
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Structure of Virtual Machine, contd
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Protection Sandbox: Security Manage
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Java Native Interface (JNI) � All
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Microsoft CLI � Common Language I
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Microsoft CLI and MSIL � Similar
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Summary: HLL VMs vs. Process VMs
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Co-Designed VMs � Design hardware
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Precise Exceptions � Traps must b
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Precise Interrupts via checkpoint/r
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Page Fault Compatibility � Major
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Input/Output � VMM itself uses no
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Transmeta Crusoe Block Diagram Shad
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Alias Hardware � To allow re-sche
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Another Example: IBM AS/400 � A v
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