CMI Annual Report 2022

change the carbon flow in these wetlands?). Further
investigations will compare microbial functional profiles
across wetland types (using metagenomes) to better constrain
the microbial mechanisms resulting in differential response of
wetlands to transient oxygen shift.
The CMI Wetland Project has identified the influence of
environmental conditions (e.g., oxygen, soil saturation, water
table, salinity) and soil molecular form on microbial
biodiversity as keys to better constrain and mitigate wetland
methane emissions. The researchers urge the adoption of
strategies to limit greenhouse gas emissions from natural and
constructed wetlands as part of land-based climate solution
initiatives in freshwater wetlands (e.g., Wilmoth et al., 2021;
Calabrese et al., 2021). Ongoing collaborations with the Bourg,
Stone and Porporato groups from the Princeton University
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (Yang et al., 2021)
address how soil mineralogy and biophysics can be
manipulated to support soils-based carbon mitigation efforts.
References
Calabrese, S., A. Garcia, J.L. Wilmoth, X. Zhang, and A.
Porporato, 2021. Critical inundation level for methane
emissions from wetlands. Environmental Research Letters 16:
044038. (https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abedea).
Reji, L., and X. Zhang, 2022. Genome-resolved metagenomics
informs functional ecology of uncultured Acidobacteria in
redox oscillated Sphagnum peat. mSystems 7(5):e00055-22.
(https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00055-22).
Reji, L., and X. Zhang. Effects of oxygen variation on wetland
microbial ecology and biogeochemical resilience. In
preparation.
Wilmoth J., J.K. Schaefer, D. Schlesinger, S. Roth, P. Hatcher, J.
Shoemaker and X. Zhang, 2021. The role of oxygen in
stimulating methane production by wetlands. Global Change
Biology 27(22):5831-5847. (https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15831).
Yang, J. Q., X. Zhang, I. Bourg, and H. Stone, 2021. 4D imaging
reveals mechanisms of clay-carbon protection and release.
Nature Communications 12:622. (https://doi.org/10.1038/
s41467-020-20798-6).
45
Carbon Mitigation Initiative Twenty-second Year Report 2022