European Database for Cartonboard and Carton Production 2023

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4 Foreword Pro Carton, the European Association of Cartonboard and Carton Manufacturers is pleased to present the latest edition of the European Environmental Database for cartonboard and carton production. The report contains gate-to-gate life cycle inventory data for the production of cartonboard and conversion of cartonboard into cartons. The intention is to make available high quality and transparent LCI data for use in life cycle studies. The data has been collected, processed, checked and compiled by LCA experts from RISE (Research Institutes of Sweden). Over the course of multiple iterations of the project a robust process has been developed in which the data provided is processed and checked by both industry experts and independent LCA. A working group of technical representatives from the cartonboard mills and convertors worked closely with RISE to validate the data. The process and data are then subjected to an independent peer review by ifeu – Institute for Energy and Environmental Research Heidelberg GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany, a leading research institution with experience of life cycle data and methods as applied in the paper and board sector. The life cycle inventories presented in Table 2 of this report contain environmental data for the production of: • Cartonboard manufactured primarily from primary fibres: Folding Box Board (FBB) and Solid Bleached Board/Solid Unbleached Board (SBB/SUB) (based on data supplied by members of Pro Carton) • Cartonboard manufactured primarily from recovered fibres: White Lined Chip (WLC) (based on data supplied by members of Pro Carton) • Conversion of cartonboard into blank cartons, including die cutting, creasing, printing and where applicable folding/gluing (based on data supplied by members of the European Carton Manufacturers Association (ECMA)) • An aggregated dataset, which considers the production of average European cartonboard and the conversion of this average cartonboard into cartons. The data in this edition of the report represents the weighted averages of the inputs and outputs from the production sites per tonne of cartonboard paper and per tonne of cartons for the year 2021. The database handles the production sites as a black box. Details of the different processes in the production sites are not provided. Emissions etc. originating from production of resources consumed, energy production outside the mill or converting plant, transport and waste treatment are not included in the datasets, but the impacts of these additional unit processes can be added by the user to facilitate full cradle-to-gate, cradle-to-grave, or cradle-to-cradle life cycle studies. The data collected for this study covers a significant proportion of the sector: • For FBB, the collected data represents approximately 93% of the total European production in 2021 • For SBB/SUB, the collected data represents approximately 62% of the total European production in 2021 © RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
5 • For WLC, the collected data represents approximately 53% of the total European production in 2021 • For carton converting, the collected data represents approximately 8% of the total European production in 2021 The high levels of data provision for cartonboard production mean that the datasets presented are highly representative of the practices and subsequent overall environmental performance of the sector. The report is available for interested parties on the condition that the data in this report may only be used for environmental studies such as Life Cycle Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment as separate steps or as a whole Life Cycle Assessment. The database may only be used for environmental studies regarding product development and improvement and the comparison of the entire system of carton packaging with that of other materials. The database should be used for making generalised statements on the relative performance of all primary fibre and all recovered fibre-based materials. When LCA data is used to make comparative studies, a specific scenario is chosen and the result can and will vary depending on various parameters. It should be clearly understood that, whatever the outcome of a comparative study, the conclusion should not and cannot be generalized. If specific information on a particular cartonboard grade is required, then this should be requested directly from the manufacturers. Pro Carton is committed to ongoing and regular updates of the database. The user of the database should therefore check whether it is the latest edition of the database report prior to using the information enclosed. The latest version will always be available through direct contact with Pro Carton. We would like to thank all participants from the industry for providing the necessary input from their plants. Collecting, processing and checking the data is a significant undertaking. The high level of ongoing participation of the membership base of both Pro Carton and ECMA is highly appreciated. We are also grateful for the positive response and valuable feedback and comments we have received from users of the previous editions of the database and reports. We welcome comments on this report and feedback on the experiences of users of the database. Such feedback can only help to further improve the quality and value of future updates! February 2023 Horst Bittermann Director General Winfried Muehling Director Marketing & Communications © RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
Page 1 and 2: European Database for Cartonboard a
Page 3: 3 Conclusions .....................
Page 7 and 8: 7 Description of the product system
Page 9 and 10: 9 When the raw material source is r
Page 11 and 12: 11 Figure 1 Understanding the manuf
Page 13 and 14: 13 The individual cartons are then
Page 15: 15 Figure 3 Gate-to-gate system bou
Page 18: 17 Figure 4 Gate-to-gate system bou
Page 21: 19 Figure 5 System boundaries for t
Page 24 and 25: 21 Data collection for carton produ
Page 26 and 27: 23 Chemicals and other non-fibre in
Page 28 and 29: 25 Allocation of residues to paper
Page 30 and 31: 27 Transport The transport distance
Page 32 and 33: 29 treatment on the site, biogas or
Page 34 and 35: 31 Data Coverage and comparability
Page 36 and 37: 33 Table 2 Gate-to-gate life cycle
Page 38 and 39: 35 Recycled cartonboard Virgin cart
Page 44 and 45: 41 Method of disposal or recovery 9
Page 46 and 47: 43 surveys, it is no longer necessa
Page 48 and 49: 45 previous survey in 2018, the sha
Page 50 and 51: 47 Definitions Allocation - Techniq
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© RISE Research Institutes of Swed
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European Database for Cartonboard and Carton Production 2023

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